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Wang W, Dietzel D, Schirmeisen A. Lattice Discontinuities of 1T-TaS 2 across First Order Charge Density Wave Phase Transitions. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7066. [PMID: 31068601 PMCID: PMC6506504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43307-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides are lamellar materials which can exhibit unique and remarkable electronic behavior due to effects of electron-electron and electron-phonon coupling. Among these materials, 1T-tantalum disulfide (1T-TaS2) has spurred considerable interest, due to its multiple first order phase transitions between different charge density wave (CDW) states. In general, the basic effects of charge density wave formation in 1T-TaS2 can be attributed to in plane re-orientation of Ta-atoms during the phase transitions. Only in recent years, an increasing number of studies has also emphasized the role of interlayer interaction and stacking order as a crucial aspect to understand the specific electronic behavior of 1T-TaS2, especially for technological systems with a finite number of layers. Obviously, continuously monitoring the out of plane expansion of the sample can provide direct inside into the rearrangement of the layer structure during the phase transition. In this letter, we therefore investigate the c-axis lattice discontinuities of 1T-TaS2 by atomic force microscopy (AFM) method under ultra-high vacuum conditions. We find that the c-axis lattice experiences a sudden contraction across the nearly-commensurate CDW (NC-CDW) phase to commensurate CDW (C-CDW) phase transition during cooling, while an expansion is found during the transition from the C-CDW phase to a triclinic CDW phase during heating. Thereby our measurements reveal, how higher order C-CDW phase can favor a more dense stacking. Additionally, our measurements also show subtler effects like e.g. two expansion peaks at the start of the transitions, which can provide further insight into the mechanisms at the onset of CDW phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dirk Dietzel
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - André Schirmeisen
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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52
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Zhang Z, Yang P, Hong M, Jiang S, Zhao G, Shi J, Xie Q, Zhang Y. Recent progress in the controlled synthesis of 2D metallic transition metal dichalcogenides. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:182002. [PMID: 30650401 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaff19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) metallic transition metal dichalcogenides (MTMDCs), the complement of 2D semiconducting TMDCs, have attracted extensive attentions in recent years because of their versatile properties such as superconductivity, charge density wave, and magnetism. To promote the investigations of their fantastic properties and broad applications, the preparation of large-area, high-quality, and thickness-tunable 2D MTMDCs has become a very urgent topic and great efforts have been made. This topical review therefore focuses on the introduction of the recent achievements for the controllable syntheses of 2D MTMDCs (VS2, VSe2, TaS2, TaSe2, NbS2, NbSe2, etc). To begin with, some earlier developed routes such as chemical vapor transport, mechanical/chemical exfoliation, as well as molecular beam epitaxy methods are briefly introduced. Secondly, the scalable chemical vapor deposition methods involved with two sorts of metal-based feedstocks, including transition metal chlorides and transition metal oxidations mixed with alkali halides, are discussed separately. Finally, challenges for the syntheses of high-quality 2D MTMDCs are discussed and the future research directions in the related fields are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhepeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China. Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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Geremew AK, Kargar F, Zhang EX, Zhao SE, Aytan E, Bloodgood MA, Salguero TT, Rumyantsev S, Fedoseyev A, Fleetwood DM, Balandin AA. Proton-irradiation-immune electronics implemented with two-dimensional charge-density-wave devices. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:8380-8386. [PMID: 30984944 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01614g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that charge-density-wave devices with quasi-two-dimensional 1T-TaS2 channels show remarkable immunity to bombardment with 1.8 MeV protons to a fluence of at least 1014 H+cm-2. The current-voltage characteristics of these devices do not change as a result of proton irradiation, in striking contrast to most conventional semiconductor devices or other two-dimensional devices. Only negligible changes are found in the low-frequency noise spectra. The radiation immunity of these "all-metallic" charge-density-wave devices is attributed to the quasi-2D nature of the electron transport in the nanoscale-thickness channel, high concentration of charge carriers in the utilized charge-density-wave phases, and two-dimensional device design. Such devices, capable of operating over a wide temperature range, can constitute a crucial segment of future electronics for space, particle accelerator and other radiation environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Geremew
- Nano-Device Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
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54
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Zhao R, Grisafe B, Ghosh RK, Wang K, Datta S, Robinson J. Stabilizing the commensurate charge-density wave in 1T-tantalum disulfide at higher temperatures via potassium intercalation. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:6016-6022. [PMID: 30869095 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The 1T phase of tantalum disulfide (1T-TaS2) possesses a variety of charge-density-wave (CDW) orders, and as a result, it attracts an increasing amount of academic and technological interest. Researchers have devoted tremendous efforts towards understanding the impacts of doping, alloying, intercalation or other triggering agents on its charge density wave orders. In this work, we demonstrate that incorporating potassium chloride (KCl) during chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of TaS2 can control the phase (1T, 2H or metal nanowires) via the intercalation of potassium ions (K+) between TaS2 layers. Finally, we demonstrate that K+ not only impacts the structure during synthesis but also strongly impacts the CDW phase transition as a function of temperature, increasing the nearly commensurate (NCCDW) to commensurate (CCDW) transition to just below room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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55
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Ma X, Dai T, Dang S, Kang S, Chen X, Zhou W, Wang G, Li H, Hu P, He Z, Sun Y, Li D, Yu F, Zhou X, Chen H, Chen X, Wu S, Li S. Charge Density Wave Phase Transitions in Large-Scale Few-Layer 1T-VTe 2 Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:10729-10735. [PMID: 30799597 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Charge density wave (CDW) as a novel effect in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has obtained a rapid rise of interest for its physical nature and potential applications in oscillators and memory devices. Here, we report var der Waals epitaxial growth of centimeter-scale 1T-VTe2 thin films on mica by molecular beam epitaxy. The VTe2 thin films showed sudden resistance change at temperatures of 240 and 135 K, corresponding to two CDW phase transitions driven by temperature. Moreover, the phase transitions can be driven by an electric field due to local Joule heating, and the corresponding resistance states are nonvolatile and controllable, which could be applied to the memory device where the logic states can be switched by an electric field. The multistage CDW phase transitions in the VTe2 thin films could be contributed to electron-phonon coupling in the two-dimensional VTe2, which is supported by twice pronounced Raman blue shifts of the vibration modes associated with in-plane phonons at CDW phase transition temperature. The results open up a new platform for understanding the microscopic physical essence and electrical control of CDW phases of TMDs, expanding the functionalities of these materials for memory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fengmei Yu
- Automation College , Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering , Guangzhou 510225 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- School of Physics and Astronomy , Sun Yat-sen University , Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519082 , People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xinman Chen
- Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Opto-electronic Materials and Technology , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631 , China
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56
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Wen W, Zhu Y, Dang C, Chen W, Xie L. Raman Spectroscopic and Dynamic Electrical Investigation of Multi-State Charge-Wave-Density Phase Transitions in 1 T-TaS 2. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:1805-1813. [PMID: 30791684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional layered 1 T-TaS2 exhibits rich charge-density-wave (CDW) states with distinct electronic structures and physical properties, leading to broad potential applications, such as phase-transition memories, electrical oscillators and photodetectors. Besides the various CDW ground states at different temperatures, multiple intermediate phases in 1 T-TaS2 have been observed by applying optical and electrical stimulations. Here, we investigated the electric-field-driven multistate CDW phase transition by Raman spectroscopy and voltage oscillations in 1 T-TaS2. Strong correlation was observed between electrical conductivity and intensity of fold-back acoustic and optical phonon modes in 1 T-TaS2. This indicates that the multistate transitions arise from serial transitions, from the nearly commensurate (NC) CDW phase to out-of-equilibrium intermediate states, and finally to the incommensurate (IC) CDW phase. The dynamics of phase transition under an electric field was investigated. As the electrical field increased, the dwell time of different CDW states changed. At lower temperatures, the multistate oscillations disappeared because of higher-energy barriers between the intermediate phases and/or lower thermal excitation energies at lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
| | - Chunhe Dang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Semiconductors , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100083 , P. R. China
| | - Liming Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , P.R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
- International College , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P.R. China
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57
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Directional sub-femtosecond charge transfer dynamics and the dimensionality of 1T-TaS 2. Sci Rep 2019; 9:488. [PMID: 30679501 PMCID: PMC6346016 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For the layered transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2, we establish through a unique experimental approach and density functional theory, how ultrafast charge transfer in 1T-TaS2 takes on isotropic three-dimensional character or anisotropic two-dimensional character, depending on the commensurability of the charge density wave phases of 1T-TaS2. The X-ray spectroscopic core-hole-clock method prepares selectively in- and out-of-plane polarized sulfur 3p orbital occupation with respect to the 1T-TaS2 planes and monitors sub-femtosecond wave packet delocalization. Despite being a prototypical two-dimensional material, isotropic three-dimensional charge transfer is found in the commensurate charge density wave phase (CCDW), indicating strong coupling between layers. In contrast, anisotropic two-dimensional charge transfer occurs for the nearly commensurate phase (NCDW). In direct comparison, theory shows that interlayer interaction in the CCDW phase – not layer stacking variations – causes isotropic three-dimensional charge transfer. This is presumably a general mechanism for phase transitions and tailored properties of dichalcogenides with charge density waves.
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58
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Randle M, Lipatov A, Kumar A, Kwan CP, Nathawat J, Barut B, Yin S, He K, Arabchigavkani N, Dixit R, Komesu T, Avila J, Asensio MC, Dowben PA, Sinitskii A, Singisetti U, Bird JP. Gate-Controlled Metal-Insulator Transition in TiS 3 Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors. ACS NANO 2019; 13:803-811. [PMID: 30586504 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We explore the electrical characteristics of TiS3 nanowire field-effect transistor (FETs), over the wide temperature range from 3 to 350 K. These nanomaterials have a quasi-one-dimensional (1D) crystal structure and exhibit a gate-controlled metal-insulator transition (MIT) in their transfer curves. Their room-temperature mobility is ∼20-30 cm2/(V s), 2 orders of magnitude smaller than predicted previously, a result that we explain quantitatively in terms of the influence of polar-optical phonon scattering in these materials. In the insulating state (<∼220 K), the transfer curves exhibit unusual mesoscopic fluctuations and a current suppression near zero bias that is common to charge-density wave (CDW) systems. The fluctuations have a nonmonotonic temperature dependence and wash out at a temperature close to that of the bulk MIT, suggesting they may be a feature of quantum interference in the CDW state. Overall, our results demonstrate that quasi-1D TiS3 nanostructures represent a viable candidate for FET realization and that their functionality is influenced by complex phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Randle
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
| | - Alexey Lipatov
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
| | - Chun-Pui Kwan
- Department of Physics , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1500 , United States
| | - Jubin Nathawat
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
| | - Bilal Barut
- Department of Physics , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1500 , United States
| | - Shenchu Yin
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
| | - Keke He
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
| | - Nargess Arabchigavkani
- Department of Physics , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1500 , United States
| | - Ripudaman Dixit
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
| | - Takeshi Komesu
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Theodore Jorgensen Hall , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588-0299 , United States
| | - José Avila
- Synchrotron SOLEIL & Université Paris-Saclay , L'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint-Aubin -BP48, France
| | - Maria C Asensio
- Synchrotron SOLEIL & Université Paris-Saclay , L'Orme des Merisiers, 91190 Saint-Aubin -BP48, France
| | - Peter A Dowben
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Theodore Jorgensen Hall , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588-0299 , United States
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln , Nebraska 68588 , United States
| | - Uttam Singisetti
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
| | - Jonathan P Bird
- Department of Electrical Engineering , University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo , New York 14260-1900 , United States
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Hill HM, Chowdhury S, Simpson JR, Rigosi AF, Newell DB, Berger H, Tavazza F, Walker ARH. Phonon origin and lattice evolution in charge density wave states. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B 2019; 99:10.1103/PhysRevB.99.174110. [PMID: 31579258 PMCID: PMC6774203 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.99.174110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metallic transition metal dichalcogenides, such as tantalum diselenide (TaSe2), display quantum correlated phenomena of superconductivity and charge density waves (CDW) at low temperatures. Here, the photophysics of 2H-TaSe2 during CDW transitions is revealed by combining temperature-dependent, low-frequency Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT). The spectra contain amplitude, phase, and zone-folded modes that are assigned to specific phonons and lattice restructuring predicted by DFT calculations with superb agreement. The non-invasive and efficient optical methodology detailed here demonstrates an essential link between atomic-scale and microscopic quantum phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M. Hill
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Sugata Chowdhury
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Simpson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
- Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, United States
| | - Albert F. Rigosi
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - David B. Newell
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Helmuth Berger
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Physique des Nanostructures, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Tavazza
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Angela R. Hight Walker
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
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60
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Shi J, Hong M, Zhang Z, Ji Q, Zhang Y. Physical properties and potential applications of two-dimensional metallic transition metal dichalcogenides. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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61
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Zhu C, Chen Y, Liu F, Zheng S, Li X, Chaturvedi A, Zhou J, Fu Q, He Y, Zeng Q, Fan HJ, Zhang H, Liu WJ, Yu T, Liu Z. Light-Tunable 1T-TaS 2 Charge-Density-Wave Oscillators. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11203-11210. [PMID: 30299925 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
External stimuli-controlled phase transitions are essential for fundamental physics and design of functional devices. Charge density wave (CDW) is a metastable collective electronic phase featured by the periodic lattice distortion. Much attention has been attracted to study the external control of CDW phases. Although much work has been done in the electric-field-induced CDW transition, the study of the role of Joule heating in the phase transition is insufficient. Here, using the Raman spectroscopy, the electric-field-driven phase transition is in situ observed in the ultrathin 1T-TaS2. By quantitative evaluation of the Joule heating effect in the electric-field-induced CDW transition, it is shown that Joule heating plays a secondary role in the nearly commensurate (NC) to incommensurate (IC) CDW transition, while it dominants the IC-NC CDW transition, providing a better understanding of the electric field-induced phase transition. More importantly, at room temperature, light illumination can modulate the CDW phase and thus tune the frequency of the ultrathin 1T-TaS2 oscillators. This light tunability of the CDW phase transition is promising for multifunctional device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Yu Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
| | - Fucai Liu
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054 , China
| | - Shoujun Zheng
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
| | - Xiaobao Li
- School of Civil Engineering , Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009 , China
| | - Apoorva Chaturvedi
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Qundong Fu
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Yongmin He
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Qingsheng Zeng
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Hong Jin Fan
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
| | - Hua Zhang
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
| | - Wen-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics , Fudan University , Shanghai 200433 , China
| | - Ting Yu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
| | - Zheng Liu
- Center for Programmable Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
- NOVITAS, Nanoelectronics Centre of Excellence, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 639798 , Singapore
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES , UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza , Singapore 637553 , Singapore
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Shi J, Chen X, Zhao L, Gong Y, Hong M, Huan Y, Zhang Z, Yang P, Li Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Q, Gu L, Chen H, Wang J, Deng S, Xu N, Zhang Y. Chemical Vapor Deposition Grown Wafer-Scale 2D Tantalum Diselenide with Robust Charge-Density-Wave Order. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1804616. [PMID: 30589471 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
2D metallic transition metal dichalcogenides (MTMDCs) are benchmark systems for uncovering the dimensionality effect on fascinating quantum physics, such as charge-density-wave (CDW) order, unconventional superconductivity, and magnetism, etc. However, the scalable and thickness-tunable syntheses of such envisioned MTMDCs are still challenging. Meanwhile, the origin of CDW order at the 2D limit is controversial. Herein, the direct synthesis of wafer-scale uniform monolayer 2H-TaSe2 films and thickness-tunable flakes on Au foils by chemical vapor deposition is accomplished. Based on the thickness-tunable 2H-TaSe2, the robust periodic lattice distortions that relate to CDW orders by low-temperature transmission electron microscopy are directly visualized. Particularly, a phase diagram of the transition temperature from normal metallic to CDW phases with thickness by variable-temperature Raman characterizations is established. Intriguingly, dramatically enhanced transition temperature from bulk value ≈90 to ≈125 K is observed from monolayer 2H-TaSe2, which can be explained by the enhanced electron-phonon coupling mechanism. More importantly, an ultrahigh specific capacitance is also obtained for the as-grown TaSe2 on carbon cloth as supercapacitor electrodes. The results hereby open up novel avenues toward the large-scale preparation of high-quality MTMDCs, and shed light on their applications in exploring some fundamental issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xuexian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Min Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yahuan Huan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhepeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huanjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shaozhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Ningsheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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63
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A New Method of the Pattern Storage and Recognition in Oscillatory Neural Networks Based on Resistive Switches. ELECTRONICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics7100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Development of neuromorphic systems based on new nanoelectronics materials and devices is of immediate interest for solving the problems of cognitive technology and cybernetics. Computational modeling of two- and three-oscillator schemes with thermally coupled VO2-switches is used to demonstrate a novel method of pattern storage and recognition in an impulse oscillator neural network (ONN), based on the high-order synchronization effect. The method allows storage of many patterns, and their number depends on the number of synchronous states Ns. The modeling demonstrates attainment of Ns of several orders both for a three-oscillator scheme Ns ~ 650 and for a two-oscillator scheme Ns ~ 260. A number of regularities are obtained, in particular, an optimal strength of oscillator coupling is revealed when Ns has a maximum. Algorithms of vector storage, network training, and test vector recognition are suggested, where the parameter of synchronization effectiveness is used as a degree of match. It is shown that, to reduce the ambiguity of recognition, the number coordinated in each vector should be at least one unit less than the number of oscillators. The demonstrated results are of a general character, and they may be applied in ONNs with various mechanisms and oscillator coupling topology.
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64
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Wu W, Qiu G, Wang Y, Wang R, Ye P. Tellurene: its physical properties, scalable nanomanufacturing, and device applications. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7203-7212. [PMID: 30118130 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00598b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tellurium (Te) has a trigonal crystal lattice with inherent structural anisotropy. Te is multifunctional, e.g., semiconducting, photoconductive, thermoelectric, piezoelectric, etc., for applications in electronics, sensors, optoelectronics, and energy devices. Due to the inherent structural anisotropy, previously reported synthetic methods predominantly yield one-dimensional (1D) Te nanostructures. Much less is known about 2D Te nanostructures, their processing schemes, and their material properties. This review focuses on the synthesis and morphology control of emerging 2D tellurene and summarizes the latest developments in understanding the fundamental properties of monolayer and few-layer tellurene, as well as the recent advances in demonstrating prototypical tellurene devices. Finally, the prospects for future research and application opportunities as well as the accompanying challenges of 2D tellurene are summarized and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Wu
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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65
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Liu G, Rumyantsev S, Bloodgood MA, Salguero TT, Balandin AA. Low-Frequency Current Fluctuations and Sliding of the Charge Density Waves in Two-Dimensional Materials. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:3630-3636. [PMID: 29767986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated low-frequency noise in two-dimensional (2D) charge density wave (CDW) systems, 1 T-TaS2 thin films, as they were driven from the nearly commensurate (NC) to incommensurate (IC) CDW phases by voltage and temperature stimuli. This study revealed that noise in 1 T-TaS2 has two pronounced maxima at the bias voltages, which correspond to the onset of CDW sliding and the NC-to-IC phase transition. We observed unusual Lorentzian features and exceptionally strong noise dependence on electric bias and temperature, leading to the conclusion that electronic noise in 2D CDW systems has a unique physical origin different from known fundamental noise types. We argue that noise spectroscopy can serve as a useful tool for understanding electronic transport phenomena in 2D CDW materials characterized by coexistence of different phases and strong pinning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxiong Liu
- Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL) and Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program , University of California , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
| | - Sergey Rumyantsev
- Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL) and Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program , University of California , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
- Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute , St. Petersburg 194021 , Russia
| | - Matthew A Bloodgood
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Tina T Salguero
- Department of Chemistry , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States
| | - Alexander A Balandin
- Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL) and Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering Program , University of California , Riverside , California 92521 , United States
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66
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Huan Y, Shi J, Zou X, Gong Y, Zhang Z, Li M, Zhao L, Xu R, Jiang S, Zhou X, Hong M, Xie C, Li H, Lang X, Zhang Q, Gu L, Yan X, Zhang Y. Vertical 1T-TaS 2 Synthesis on Nanoporous Gold for High-Performance Electrocatalytic Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1705916. [PMID: 29512246 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
2D metallic TaS2 is acting as an ideal platform for exploring fundamental physical issues (superconductivity, charge-density wave, etc.) and for engineering novel applications in energy-related fields. The batch synthesis of high-quality TaS2 nanosheets with a specific phase is crucial for such issues. Herein, the successful synthesis of novel vertically oriented 1T-TaS2 nanosheets on nanoporous gold substrates is reported, via a facile chemical vapor deposition route. By virtue of the abundant edge sites and excellent electrical transport property, such vertical 1T-TaS2 is employed as high-efficiency electrocatalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction, featured with rather low Tafel slopes ≈67-82 mV dec-1 and an ultrahigh exchange current density ≈67.61 µA cm-2 . The influence of phase states of 1T- and 2H-TaS2 on the catalytic activity is also discussed with the combination of density functional theory calculations. This work hereby provides fundamental insights into the controllable syntheses and electrocatalytic applications of vertical 1T-TaS2 nanosheets achieved through the substrate engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahuan Huan
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zou
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhepeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Li
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Runzhang Xu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shaolong Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiebo Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Min Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - He Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xingyou Lang
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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67
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Zheng H, Valtierra S, Ofori-Opoku N, Chen C, Sun L, Yuan S, Jiao L, Bevan KH, Tao C. Electrical Stressing Induced Monolayer Vacancy Island Growth on TiSe 2. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2179-2185. [PMID: 29461061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To ensure practical applications of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides, it is essential to characterize their structural stability under external stimuli such as electric fields and currents. Using vacancy monolayer islands on TiSe2 surfaces as a model system, we have observed nonlinear area evolution and growth from triangular to hexagonal driven by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) subjected electrical stressing. The observed growth dynamics represent a 2D departure from the linear area growth law expected for bulk vacancy clustering. Our simulations of monolayer island evolution using phase-field modeling and first-principles calculations are in good agreement with our experimental observations, and point toward preferential edge atom dissociation under STM scanning driving the observed nonlinear area growth. We further quantified a parabolic growth rate dependence with respect to the tunneling current magnitude. The results could be potentially important for device reliability in systems containing ultrathin transition metal dichalcogenides and related 2D materials subject to electrical stressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husong Zheng
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Salvador Valtierra
- Materials Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C5 , Canada
| | - Nana Ofori-Opoku
- Materials Measurement Laboratory , National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg , Maryland 20899 , United States
- Center for Hierarchical Materials Design , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Chuanhui Chen
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Lifei Sun
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Shuaishuai Yuan
- Materials Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C5 , Canada
| | - Liying Jiao
- Department of Chemistry , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Kirk H Bevan
- Materials Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C5 , Canada
| | - Chenggang Tao
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
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68
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Wang H, Chen Y, Duchamp M, Zeng Q, Wang X, Tsang SH, Li H, Jing L, Yu T, Teo EHT, Liu Z. Large-Area Atomic Layers of the Charge-Density-Wave Conductor TiSe 2. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1704382. [PMID: 29318716 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Layered transition metal (Ti, Ta, Nb, etc.) dichalcogenides are important prototypes for the study of the collective charge density wave (CDW). Reducing the system dimensionality is expected to lead to novel properties, as exemplified by the discovery of enhanced CDW order in ultrathin TiSe2 . However, the syntheses of monolayer and large-area 2D CDW conductors can currently only be achieved by molecular beam epitaxy under ultrahigh vacuum. This study reports the growth of monolayer crystals and up to 5 × 105 µm2 large films of the typical 2D CDW conductor-TiSe2 -by ambient-pressure chemical vapor deposition. Atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy indicates the as-grown samples are highly crystalline 1T-phase TiSe2 . Variable-temperature Raman spectroscopy shows a CDW phase transition temperature of 212.5 K in few layer TiSe2 , indicative of high crystal quality. This work not only allows the exploration of many-body state of TiSe2 in 2D limit but also offers the possibility of utilizing large-area TiSe2 in ultrathin electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- NOVITAS, Nanoelectronics Centre of Excellence, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CNRS International NTU Thales Research Alliance (CINTRA), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Yu Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Martial Duchamp
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qingsheng Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xuewen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Siu Hon Tsang
- Temasek Laboratories@NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Hongling Li
- NOVITAS, Nanoelectronics Centre of Excellence, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lin Jing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ting Yu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Edwin Hang Tong Teo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- NOVITAS, Nanoelectronics Centre of Excellence, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CNRS International NTU Thales Research Alliance (CINTRA), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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69
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Zeng M, Xiao Y, Liu J, Yang K, Fu L. Exploring Two-Dimensional Materials toward the Next-Generation Circuits: From Monomer Design to Assembly Control. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6236-6296. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kena Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lei Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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70
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Shi J, Wang X, Zhang S, Xiao L, Huan Y, Gong Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhou X, Hong M, Fang Q, Zhang Q, Liu X, Gu L, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Two-dimensional metallic tantalum disulfide as a hydrogen evolution catalyst. Nat Commun 2017; 8:958. [PMID: 29038430 PMCID: PMC5643402 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional metallic transition metal dichalcogenides are emerging as prototypes for uncovering fundamental physical phenomena, such as superconductivity and charge-density waves, as well as for engineering-related applications. However, the batch production of such envisioned transition metal dichalcogenides remains challenging, which has hindered the aforementioned explorations. Herein, we fabricate thickness-tunable tantalum disulfide flakes and centimetre-sized ultrathin films on an electrode material of gold foil via a facile chemical vapour deposition route. Through temperature-dependent Raman characterization, we observe the transition from nearly commensurate to commensurate charge-density wave phases with our ultrathin tantalum disulfide flakes. We have obtained high hydrogen evolution reaction efficiency with the as-grown tantalum disulfide flakes directly synthesized on gold foils comparable to traditional platinum catalysts. This work could promote further efforts for exploring new efficient catalysts in the large materials family of metallic transition metal dichalcogenides, as well as exploiting their applications towards more versatile applications. Metallic transition metal dichalcogenides are important materials for catalysis, but scalable and controllable preparation methods are scarce. Here, the authors synthesize 2H-TaS2 as centimetre-scale films of tunable thickness and show they are an efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xina Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Faculty of Physics and Electronic Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lingfeng Xiao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Faculty of Physics and Electronic Technology, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yahuan Huan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yue Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhepeng Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuanchang Li
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiebo Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Min Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiyi Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Division of Nanophotonics, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhongfan Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Beijing Science and Engineering Center for Nanocarbons, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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71
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Recent Advances in Two-Dimensional Materials with Charge Density Waves: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications. CRYSTALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst7100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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72
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Zhang Z, Niu J, Yang P, Gong Y, Ji Q, Shi J, Fang Q, Jiang S, Li H, Zhou X, Gu L, Wu X, Zhang Y. Van der Waals Epitaxial Growth of 2D Metallic Vanadium Diselenide Single Crystals and their Extra-High Electrical Conductivity. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702359. [PMID: 28804926 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
2D metallic transition-metal dichalcogenides (MTMDs) have recently emerged as a new class of materials for the engineering of novel electronic phases, 2D superconductors, magnets, as well as novel electronic applications. However, the mechanical exfoliation route is predominantly used to obtain such metallic 2D flakes, but the batch production remains challenging. Herein, the van der Waals epitaxial growth of monocrystalline, 1T-phase, few-layer metallic VSe2 nanosheets on an atomically flat mica substrate via a "one-step" chemical vapor deposition method is reported. The thickness of the VSe2 nanosheets is precisely tuned from several nanometers to several tenths of nanometers. More significantly, the 2D VSe2 single crystals are found to present an excellent metallic feature, as evidenced by the extra-high electrical conductivity of up to 106 S m-1 , 1-4 orders of magnitude higher than that of various conductive 2D materials. The thickness-dependent charge-density-wave phase transitions are also examined through low-temperature transport measurements, which reveal that the synthesized 2D metallic 1T-VSe2 nanosheets should serve as good research platforms for the detecting novel many-body states. These results open a new path for the synthesis and property investigations of nanoscale-thickness 2D MTMDs crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhepeng Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Ji
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Shi
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qiyi Fang
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shaolong Jiang
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - He Li
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xiebo Zhou
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Center for Nanochemistry (CNC), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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73
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Chen H, Malliakas CD, Narayan A, Fang L, Chung DY, Wagner LK, Kwok WK, Kanatzidis MG. Charge Density Wave and Narrow Energy Gap at Room Temperature in 2D Pb3–xSb1+xS4Te2−δ with Square Te Sheets. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11271-11276. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Christos D. Malliakas
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Awadhesh Narayan
- Department
of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lei Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Duck Young Chung
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Lucas K. Wagner
- Department
of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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74
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Le Guyader L, Chase T, Reid AH, Li RK, Svetin D, Shen X, Vecchione T, Wang XJ, Mihailovic D, Dürr HA. Stacking order dynamics in the quasi-two-dimensional dichalcogenide 1 T-TaS 2 probed with MeV ultrafast electron diffraction. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2017; 4:044020. [PMID: 28503631 PMCID: PMC5415401 DOI: 10.1063/1.4982918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Transitions between different charge density wave (CDW) states in quasi-two-dimensional materials may be accompanied also by changes in the inter-layer stacking of the CDW. Using MeV ultrafast electron diffraction, the out-of-plane stacking order dynamics in the quasi-two-dimensional dichalcogenide 1T-TaS2 is investigated for the first time. From the intensity of the CDW satellites aligned around the commensurate l = 1/6 characteristic stacking order, it is found out that this phase disappears with a 0.3 ps time constant. Simultaneously, in the same experiment, the emergence of the incommensurate phase, with a slightly slower 2.0 ps time constant, is determined from the intensity of the CDW satellites aligned around the incommensurate l = 1/3 characteristic stacking order. These results might be of relevance in understanding the metallic character of the laser-induced metastable "hidden" state recently discovered in this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A H Reid
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R K Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Svetin
- Jozef Stefan Institute and CENN Nanocenter, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - X Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T Vecchione
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - X J Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D Mihailovic
- Jozef Stefan Institute and CENN Nanocenter, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - H A Dürr
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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Zhao R, Wang Y, Deng D, Luo X, Lu WJ, Sun YP, Liu ZK, Chen LQ, Robinson J. Tuning Phase Transitions in 1T-TaS 2 via the Substrate. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:3471-3477. [PMID: 28463560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phase transitions in 2D materials can lead to massive changes in electronic properties that enable novel electronic devices. Tantalum disulfide (TaS2), specifically the "1T" phase (1T-TaS2), exhibits a phase transition based on the formation of commensurate charge density waves (CCDW) at 180 K. In this work, we investigate the impact of substrate choice on the phase transitions in ultrathin 1T-TaS2. Doping and charge transfer from the substrate has little impact on CDW phase transitions. On the contrary, we demonstrated that substrate surface roughness is a primary extrinsic factor in CCDW transition temperature and hysteresis, where higher roughness leads to smaller transition hysteresis. Such roughness can be simulated via surface texturing of SiO2/Si substrates, which controllably and reproducibly induces periodic strain in the 1T-TaS2 and thereby enables the potential for engineering CDW phase transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yu-Ping Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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76
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Liu G, Rumyantsev S, Bloodgood MA, Salguero TT, Shur M, Balandin AA. Low-Frequency Electronic Noise in Quasi-1D TaSe 3 van der Waals Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:377-383. [PMID: 28073263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
We report results of investigation of the low-frequency electronic excess noise in quasi-1D nanowires of TaSe3 capped with quasi-2D h-BN layers. Semimetallic TaSe3 is a quasi-1D van der Waals material with exceptionally high breakdown current density. It was found that TaSe3 nanowires have lower levels of the normalized noise spectral density, SI/I2, compared to carbon nanotubes and graphene (I is the current). The temperature-dependent measurements revealed that the low-frequency electronic 1/f noise becomes the 1/f2 type as temperature increases to ∼400 K, suggesting the onset of electromigration (f is the frequency). Using the Dutta-Horn random fluctuation model of the electronic noise in metals, we determined that the noise activation energy for quasi-1D TaSe3 nanowires is approximately EP ≈ 1.0 eV. In the framework of the empirical noise model for metallic interconnects, the extracted activation energy, related to electromigration is EA = 0.88 eV, consistent with that for Cu and Al interconnects. Our results shed light on the physical mechanism of low-frequency 1/f noise in quasi-1D van der Waals semimetals and suggest that such material systems have potential for ultimately downscaled local interconnect applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxiong Liu
- Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL) and Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Sergey Rumyantsev
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Center for Integrated Electronics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Matthew A Bloodgood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Tina T Salguero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Michael Shur
- Department of Electrical, Computer, and Systems Engineering, Center for Integrated Electronics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Alexander A Balandin
- Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL) and Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials (POEM) Center, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, California 92521, United States
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77
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Wang J, Zheng H, Xu G, Sun L, Hu D, Lu Z, Liu L, Zheng J, Tao C, Jiao L. Controlled Synthesis of Two-Dimensional 1T-TiSe2 with Charge Density Wave Transition by Chemical Vapor Transport. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:16216-16219. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Husong Zheng
- Department
of Physics, Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Guanchen Xu
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lifei Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dake Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhixing Lu
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingying Zheng
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenggang Tao
- Department
of Physics, Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Liying Jiao
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of
the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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