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Pulkka OP, Gebreyohannes YK, Wozniak A, Mpindi JP, Tynninen O, Icay K, Cervera A, Keskitalo S, Murumägi A, Kulesskiy E, Laaksonen M, Wennerberg K, Varjosalo M, Laakkonen P, Lehtonen R, Hautaniemi S, Kallioniemi O, Schöffski P, Sihto H, Joensuu H. Anagrelide for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:1676-1687. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Seira N, Yamagata K, Fukushima K, Araki Y, Kurata N, Yanagisawa N, Mashimo M, Nakamura H, Regan JW, Murayama T, Fujino H. Cellular density-dependent increases in HIF-1α compete with c-Myc to down-regulate human EP4 receptor promoter activity through Sp-1-binding region. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018; 6:e00441. [PMID: 30455960 PMCID: PMC6230926 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The up-regulated expression of E-type prostanoid (EP) 4 receptors has been implicated in carcinogenesis; however, the expression of EP4 receptors has also been reported to be weaker in tumor tissues than in normal tissues. Indeed, EP4 receptors have been suggested to play a role in the maintenance of colorectal homeostasis. This study aimed to examine the underlying mechanisms/reasons for why inconsistent findings have been reported regarding EP4 receptor expression levels in homeostasis and carcinogenesis by focusing on cellular densities. Thus, the human colon cancer HCA-7 cells, which retain some functional features of normal epithelia, and luciferase reporter genes containing wild-type or mutated EP4 receptor promoters were used for elucidating the cellular density-dependent mechanisms about the regulation of EP4 receptor expression. In silico analysis was also utilized for confirming the relevance of the findings with respect to colon cancer development. We here demonstrated that the expression of EP4 receptors was up-regulated by c-Myc by binding to Sp-1 under low cellular density conditions, but was down-regulated under high cellular density conditions via the increase in the expression levels of HIF-1α protein, which may pull out c-Myc and Sp-1 from DNA-binding. The tightly regulated EP4 receptor expression mechanism may be a critical system for maintaining homeostasis in normal colorectal epithelial cells. Therefore, once the system is altered, possibly due to the transient overexpression of EP4 receptors, it may result in aberrant cellular proliferation and transformation to cancerous phenotypes. However, at the point, EP4 receptors themselves and their mediated homeostasis would be no longer required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Seira
- Laboratory of Chemical PharmacologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChuo‐ku ChibaJapan
| | - Kazuyuki Yamagata
- Laboratory of Chemical PharmacologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChuo‐ku ChibaJapan
| | - Keijo Fukushima
- Department of Pharmacology for Life SciencesGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yumi Araki
- Laboratory of Chemical PharmacologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChuo‐ku ChibaJapan
- Department of Pharmacology for Life SciencesGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Naoki Kurata
- Laboratory of Chemical PharmacologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChuo‐ku ChibaJapan
- Department of Pharmacology for Life SciencesGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Naoki Yanagisawa
- Laboratory of Chemical PharmacologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChuo‐ku ChibaJapan
| | - Masato Mashimo
- Laboratory of PharmacologyFaculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesDoshisha Women's College of Liberal ArtsKyotanabe, KyotoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory of Chemical PharmacologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChuo‐ku ChibaJapan
| | - John W. Regan
- Department of Pharmacology & ToxicologyCollege of PharmacyThe University of ArizonaTucsonArizona
| | - Toshihiko Murayama
- Laboratory of Chemical PharmacologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesChiba UniversityChuo‐ku ChibaJapan
| | - Hiromichi Fujino
- Department of Pharmacology for Life SciencesGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
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Isyraqiah F, K Kutty M, Durairajanayagam D, Salim N, Singh H. Leptin induces the expression of tumorigenic genes in the gastric mucosa of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:1118-1124. [PMID: 30449153 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218813909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin promotes the growth of gastric cancer cells in vitro. It is, however, unknown if leptin induces gastric cancer in vivo. This study therefore investigated the effect of leptin on the histology and expression of tumorigenic genes in the stomach of rats following 40 weeks of leptin treatment. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 6 weeks, were randomized into control and experimental groups ( n = 8 per group). The experimental group was given intraperitoneal injections of leptin (60 µg/kg/day) once daily for 40 weeks, whereas the control group received intraperitoneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline daily. Rats were housed in polypropylene cages for the duration of the study. Body weight was measured weekly. Upon completion of treatment, rats were euthanized and their stomachs were collected for histopathological examination, microarray, and RT-qPCR. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Fisher’s exact test. On histology, one rat (12.5%) in the leptin-treated group had a large red-colored tumor nodule at the pyloric antrum of the stomach. Microscopically, stomachs of two leptin-treated rats (25%) showed hyperplasia or dysplasia. Microarray analysis revealed significant upregulation of a number of genes in the stomachs of leptin-treated rats that have been shown to be associated with tumorigenesis in other tissues, including Furin (protein maturation), Eef1a1 and Eif4g2 (translation factors), Tmed2 (vesicular trafficking), Rab7a (plasma membrane trafficking), Rfwd2 (protein degradation), Fth1 and Ftl1 (oxygen transport), Tspan8, Tspan1, Fxyd3, and Rack1 (cell migration), Pde4d (signal transduction), Nupr1 and Ybx1 (transcription factors), Ptma and Tmem134 (oncogenes), Srsf2 (mRNA maturation), and Reep5 (cell proliferation). None of the known oncogenes were, however, significantly up-regulated. In conclusion, although the overall effect of leptin on gastric carcinogenesis seems inconclusive, the findings of dysplasia and the up-regulation of some of the cancer-related genes nevertheless warrant further scrutiny on the role of leptin in gastric cancer. Impact statement Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of death due to cancer in the world. Obese individuals are at risk of developing gastric cancer, and the reason for this is unknown. Serum leptin levels are high in obese individuals and leptin is known to induce proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro. However, to date, no reports exist on the tumorigenic effects of leptin on the stomach in vivo. This study therefore determines if chronic leptin administration induces gastric carcinogenesis in non-obese rats, which might serve as a useful animal model for future studies. Although the findings are somewhat inconclusive, to our knowledge, however, this is the first study to show the up-regulation of numerous potential driver genes that highlight the potential role of leptin in the higher prevalence of gastric cancer among obese individuals. The findings certainly necessitate further scrutiny of leptin gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizatul Isyraqiah
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Methil K Kutty
- Faculty of Medicine, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya 47301, Malaysia
| | | | - Norita Salim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
| | - Harbindarjeet Singh
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia.,IMMB, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia.,I-PPerFORM, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Malaysia
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54
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Gastric cancer may share genetic predisposition with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Chinese populations. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:1159-1168. [DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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55
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Fusco JP, Pita G, Pajares MJ, Andueza MP, Patiño-García A, de-Torres JP, Gurpide A, Zulueta J, Alonso R, Alvarez N, Pio R, Melero I, Sanmamed MF, Rodriguez Ruiz M, Gil-Bazo I, Lopez-Picazo JM, Casanova C, Baz Davila R, Agudo A, Lozano MD, Gonzalez A, Sala N, Ardanaz E, Benitez J, Montuenga L, Gonzalez-Neira A, Perez-Gracia JL. Genomic characterization of individuals presenting extreme phenotypes of high and low risk to develop tobacco-induced lung cancer. Cancer Med 2018; 7:3474-3483. [PMID: 29766673 PMCID: PMC6051154 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may modulate individual susceptibility to carcinogens. We designed a genome-wide association study to characterize individuals presenting extreme phenotypes of high and low risk to develop tobacco-induced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and we validated our results. We hypothesized that this strategy would enrich the frequencies of the alleles that contribute to the observed traits. We genotyped 2.37 million SNPs in 95 extreme phenotype individuals, that is: heavy smokers that either developed NSCLC at an early age (extreme cases); or did not present NSCLC at an advanced age (extreme controls), selected from a discovery set (n = 3631). We validated significant SNPs in 133 additional subjects with extreme phenotypes selected from databases including >39,000 individuals. Two SNPs were validated: rs12660420 (pcombined = 5.66 × 10-5 ; ORcombined = 2.80), mapping to a noncoding transcript exon of PDE10A; and rs6835978 (pcombined = 1.02 × 10-4 ; ORcombined = 2.57), an intronic variant in ATP10D. We assessed the relevance of both proteins in early-stage NSCLC. PDE10A and ATP10DmRNA expressions correlated with survival in 821 stage I-II NSCLC patients (p = 0.01 and p < 0.0001). PDE10A protein expression correlated with survival in 149 patients with stage I-II NSCLC (p = 0.002). In conclusion, we validated two variants associated with extreme phenotypes of high and low risk of developing tobacco-induced NSCLC. Our findings may allow to identify individuals presenting high and low risk to develop tobacco-induced NSCLC and to characterize molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and resistance to develop NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Fusco
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Pita
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Pajares
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
| | - Maria Pilar Andueza
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Patiño-García
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan P de-Torres
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Pulmonary Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gurpide
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Zulueta
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
- Pulmonary Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rosario Alonso
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Alvarez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
- Departments of Immunology and Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra and Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miguel F Sanmamed
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Rodriguez Ruiz
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gil-Bazo
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
| | - Jose María Lopez-Picazo
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ciro Casanova
- Pulmonary Department and Research Department, Hospital Universitario La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rebeca Baz Davila
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Lozano
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
- Pathology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alvaro Gonzalez
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nuria Sala
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
- Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Benitez
- Human Genetics Group, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Montuenga
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Program in Solid Tumors and Biomarkers, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
| | | | - Jose Luis Perez-Gracia
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Spain
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Geller S, Xu H, Lebwohl M, Nardone B, Lacouture ME, Kheterpal M. Malignancy Risk and Recurrence with Psoriasis and its Treatments: A Concise Update. Am J Clin Dermatol 2018; 19:363-375. [PMID: 29260411 PMCID: PMC5948118 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-017-0337-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common inflammatory cutaneous disease that affects approximately 120 million people worldwide. Systemic treatments have significantly improved disease burden, but concerns persist regarding their association with increased risk of malignancy. Patients with psoriasis have a slightly elevated baseline risk of lymphoproliferative diseases. Studies on methotrexate and cyclosporine, as well as older biological agents such as tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, have found no increased risk of non-cutaneous solid tumors; however, positive associations between cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas and certain therapies have been found. There is conflicting evidence regarding the risk of lymphoma and melanoma. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term safety of newer psoriasis treatments (interleukin [IL]-12/23, IL-17, Janus kinase 1/3, and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors), specifically their safety in patients with a history of cancer. This review summarizes the most recent studies on malignancy risk from psoriasis, and its treatments in patients and cancer survivors, with the highest available level of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamir Geller
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 16 East 60th Street, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
| | - Haoming Xu
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 16 East 60th Street, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Mark Lebwohl
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Beatrice Nardone
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mario E Lacouture
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 16 East 60th Street, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Meenal Kheterpal
- Dermatology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 16 East 60th Street, New York, NY, 10022, USA
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57
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Robichaux WG, Cheng X. Intracellular cAMP Sensor EPAC: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutics Development. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:919-1053. [PMID: 29537337 PMCID: PMC6050347 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00025.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on one family of the known cAMP receptors, the exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPACs), also known as the cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs). Although EPAC proteins are fairly new additions to the growing list of cAMP effectors, and relatively "young" in the cAMP discovery timeline, the significance of an EPAC presence in different cell systems is extraordinary. The study of EPACs has considerably expanded the diversity and adaptive nature of cAMP signaling associated with numerous physiological and pathophysiological responses. This review comprehensively covers EPAC protein functions at the molecular, cellular, physiological, and pathophysiological levels; and in turn, the applications of employing EPAC-based biosensors as detection tools for dissecting cAMP signaling and the implications for targeting EPAC proteins for therapeutic development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Robichaux
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center , Houston, Texas
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58
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Peng T, Gong J, Jin Y, Zhou Y, Tong R, Wei X, Bai L, Shi J. Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase as cancer therapeutics. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:742-756. [PMID: 29574203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a class of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) which is involved in many physiological processes including visual transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, cell-cycle regulation, gene expression, inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolic function. PDEs are composed of 11 different families and each family contains different subtypes. The distribution, expression, regulation mode and sensitivity to inhibitors of each subtype are different, and they are involved in cancer, inflammation, asthma, depression, erectile dysfunction and other pathological processes of development. A large number of studies have shown that PDEs play an important role in the development of tumors by affecting the intracellular level of cAMP and/or cGMP and PDEs could become diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets. This review will give a brief overview of the expression and regulation of PDE families in the process of tumorigenesis and their anti-tumor inhibitors, which may guide the design of novel therapeutic drugs targeting PDEs for anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Peng
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yongzhe Jin
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yanping Zhou
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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59
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Sharma M, Levenson C, Browning JC, Becker EM, Clements I, Castella P, Cox ME. East Indian Sandalwood Oil Is a Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor: A New Therapeutic Option in the Treatment of Inflammatory Skin Disease. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:200. [PMID: 29593534 PMCID: PMC5854648 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterases (PDEs) regulate pro-inflammatory cytokine production. One isoform, PDE4, is overactive in chronic relapsing inflammatory skin diseases: psoriasis and eczema/atopic dermatitis, and in several cancers. East Indian sandalwood oil (EISO) has significant anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we report that 75% of pediatric eczema/atopic dermatitis patients treated with topical EISO formulations achieved a >50% reduction in their Eczema Area and Severity Index score. EISO treatment of a psoriasis model reduced PDE4 expression and reversed histopathology. EISO directly inhibited PDE enzymatic activity in vitro. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human dermal fibroblast, BEAS-2B, A549, and THP-1 cells, EISO suppressed total cellular PDE activity, PDE4, and 7 transcript levels, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokine production. These results suggest that EISO anti-inflammatory activity is mediated through suppressing PDE activity, thus facilitating cAMP-regulated inhibition of NF-κB and indicate EISO as an attractive natural therapeutic for chronic and acute inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Sharma
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Corey Levenson
- Santalis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - John C Browning
- Texas Dermatology and Laser Specialists, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Emily M Becker
- Texas Dermatology and Laser Specialists, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ian Clements
- Santalis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Paul Castella
- Santalis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Michael E Cox
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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60
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Galván-Femenía I, Guindo M, Duran X, Calabuig-Fariñas S, Mercader JM, Ramirez JL, Rosell R, Torrents D, Carreras A, Kohno T, Jantus-Lewintre E, Camps C, Perucho M, Sumoy L, Yokota J, de Cid R. Genomic profiling in advanced stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients with platinum-based chemotherapy identifies germline variants with prognostic value in SMYD2. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2018; 15:21-31. [PMID: 30207284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between germline variations as a prognosis biomarker in patients with advanced Non-Small-Cell-Lung-Cancer (NSCLC) subjected to first-line platinum-based treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We carried out a two-stage genome-wide-association study in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with platinum-based chemotherapy in an exploratory sample of 181 NSCLC patients from Caucasian origin, followed by a validation on 356 NSCLC patients from the same ancestry (Valencia, Spain). RESULTS We identified germline variants in SMYD2 as a prognostic factor for survival in patients with advanced NSCLC receiving chemotherapy. SMYD2 alleles are associated to a decreased overall survival and with a reduced Time to Progression. In addition, enrichment pathway analysis identified 361 variants in 40 genes to be involved in poorer outcome in advanced-stage NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION Germline SMYD2 alleles are associated with bad clinical outcome of first-line platinum-based treatment in advanced NSCLC patients. This result supports the role of SMYD2 in the carcinogenic process, and might be used as prognostic signature directing patient stratification and the choice of therapy. MICROABSTRACT A two-Stage Genome wide association study in Caucasian population reveals germline genetic variation in SMYD2 associated to progression disease in first-line platinum-based treatment in advanced NSCLC patients. SMYD2 profiling might have prognostic / predictive value directing choice of therapy and enlighten current knowledge on pathways involved in human carcinogenesis as well in resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Galván-Femenía
- Genomes For life-GCAT Lab. Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Guindo
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 29-31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Duran
- Genomes For life-GCAT Lab. Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sílvia Calabuig-Fariñas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Avenida Tres Cruces, 2, 46014, València, Spain; Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Avda. Tres Cruces s/n 46014 València, Spain; Department of Pathology, Universitat de València, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 València, Spain.
| | - Josep Maria Mercader
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 29-31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Ramirez
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Torrents
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC-CNS), Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 29-31, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Spain.
| | - Anna Carreras
- Genomes For life-GCAT Lab. Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
| | - Eloisa Jantus-Lewintre
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Avda. Tres Cruces s/n 46014 València, Spain; Department of Pathology, Universitat de València, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 València, Spain; Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de València, Avda. Tres Cruces s/n, 46014 València.
| | - Carlos Camps
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Avenida Tres Cruces, 2, 46014, València, Spain; Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Avda. Tres Cruces s/n 46014 València, Spain; Department of Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera, s/n, 46022 València, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat de València, Av. de Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 València, Spain.
| | - Manuel Perucho
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Lauro Sumoy
- Genomics and Bioinformatics. Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jun Yokota
- Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rafael de Cid
- Genomes For life-GCAT Lab. Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPPC), Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Biomedical Campus, Crta de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Ciribilli Y, Singh P, Inga A, Borlak J. c-Myc targeted regulators of cell metabolism in a transgenic mouse model of papillary lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:65514-65539. [PMID: 27602772 PMCID: PMC5323172 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Myc's role in pulmonary cancer metabolism is uncertain. We therefore investigated c-Myc activity in papillary lung adenocarcinomas (PLAC). Genomics revealed 90 significantly regulated genes (> 3-fold) coding for cell growth, DNA metabolism, RNA processing and ribosomal biogenesis and bioinformatics defined c-Myc binding sites (TFBS) at > 95% of up-regulated genes. EMSA assays at 33 novel TFBS evidenced DNA binding activity and ChIP-seq data retrieved from public repositories confirmed these to be c-Myc bound. Dual-luciferase gene reporter assays developed for RNA-Terminal-Phosphate-Cyclase-Like-1(RCL1), Ribosomal-Protein-SA(RPSA), Nucleophosmin/Nucleoplasmin-3(NPM3) and Hexokinase-1(HK1) confirmed c-Myc functional relevance and ChIP assays with HEK293T cells over-expressing ectopic c-Myc demonstrated enriched c-Myc occupancy at predicted TFBS for RCL1, NPM3, HK1 and RPSA. Note, c-Myc recruitment on chromatin was comparable to the positive controls CCND2 and CDK4. Computational analyses defined master regulators (MR), i.e. heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1, nucleolin, the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1, triosephosphate-isomerase 1, folate transporter (SLC19A1) and nucleophosmin to influence activity of up to 90% of PLAC-regulated genes. Their expression was induced by 3-, 3-, 6-, 3-, 11- and 7-fold, respectively. STRING analysis confirmed protein-protein-interactions of regulated genes and Western immunoblotting of fatty acid synthase, serine hydroxyl-methyltransferase 1, arginine 1 and hexokinase 2 showed tumor specific induction. Published knock down studies confirmed these proteins to induce apoptosis by disrupting neoplastic lipogenesis, by endorsing uracil accumulation and by suppressing arginine metabolism and glucose-derived ribonucleotide biosynthesis. Finally, translational research demonstrated high expression of MR and of 47 PLAC up-regulated genes to be associated with poor survival in lung adenocarcinoma patients (HR 3.2 p < 0.001) thus, providing a rationale for molecular targeted therapies in PLACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yari Ciribilli
- Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38123 Povo (TN), Italy
| | - Prashant Singh
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alberto Inga
- Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, 38123 Povo (TN), Italy
| | - Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Kiełbus M, Czapiński J, Odrzywolski A, Stasiak G, Szymańska K, Kałafut J, Kos M, Giannopoulos K, Stepulak A, Rivero-Müller A. Optogenetics in cancer drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:459-472. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1437138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Kiełbus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Czapiński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Odrzywolski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Grażyna Stasiak
- Department of Experimental Haematooncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Szymańska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kałafut
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Kos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Giannopoulos
- Department of Experimental Haematooncology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Hematology, St. John’s Cancer Center, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Adolfo Rivero-Müller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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63
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Insights into exchange factor directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) as potential target for cancer treatment. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 447:77-92. [PMID: 29417338 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains a global health problem and approximately 1.7 million new cancer cases are diagnosed every year worldwide. Although diverse molecules are currently being explored as targets for cancer therapy the tumor treatment and therapy is highly tricky. Secondary messengers are important for hormone-mediated signaling pathway. Cyclic AMP (cAMP), a secondary messenger responsible for various physiological processes regulates cell metabolism by activating Protein kinase A (PKA) and by targeting exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC). EPAC is present in two isoforms EPAC1 and EPAC2, which exhibit different tissue distribution and is involved in GDP/GTP exchange along with activating Rap1- and Rap2-mediated signaling pathways. EPAC is also known for its dual role in cancer as pro- and anti-proliferative in addition to metastasis. Results after perturbing EPAC activity suggests its involvement in cancer cell migration, proliferation, and cytoskeleton remodeling which makes it a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatments.
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64
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Mishra RR, Belder N, Ansari SA, Kayhan M, Bal H, Raza U, Ersan PG, Tokat ÜM, Eyüpoğlu E, Saatci Ö, Jandaghi P, Wiemann S, Üner A, Cekic C, Riazalhosseini Y, Şahin Ö. Reactivation of cAMP Pathway by PDE4D Inhibition Represents a Novel Druggable Axis for Overcoming Tamoxifen Resistance in ER-positive Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1987-2001. [PMID: 29386221 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Tamoxifen remains an important hormonal therapy for ER-positive breast cancer; however, development of resistance is a major obstacle in clinics. Here, we aimed to identify novel mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance and provide actionable drug targets overcoming resistance.Experimental Design: Whole-transcriptome sequencing, downstream pathway analysis, and drug repositioning approaches were used to identify novel modulators [here: phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D)] of tamoxifen resistance. Clinical data involving tamoxifen-treated patients with ER-positive breast cancer were used to assess the impact of PDE4D in tamoxifen resistance. Tamoxifen sensitization role of PDE4D was tested in vitro and in vivo Cytobiology, biochemistry, and functional genomics tools were used to elucidate the mechanisms of PDE4D-mediated tamoxifen resistance.Results: PDE4D, which hydrolyzes cyclic AMP (cAMP), was significantly overexpressed in both MCF-7 and T47D tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) cells. Higher PDE4D expression predicted worse survival in tamoxifen-treated patients with breast cancer (n = 469, P = 0.0036 for DMFS; n = 561, P = 0.0229 for RFS) and remained an independent prognostic factor for RFS in multivariate analysis (n = 132, P = 0.049). Inhibition of PDE4D by either siRNAs or pharmacologic inhibitors (dipyridamole and Gebr-7b) restored tamoxifen sensitivity. Sensitization to tamoxifen is achieved via cAMP-mediated induction of unfolded protein response/ER stress pathway leading to activation of p38/JNK signaling and apoptosis. Remarkably, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) was predicted to be a tamoxifen sensitizer using a drug repositioning approach and was shown to reverse resistance by targeting PDE4D/cAMP/ER stress axis. Finally, combining PDE4D inhibitors and tamoxifen suppressed tumor growth better than individual groups in vivoConclusions: PDE4D plays a pivotal role in acquired tamoxifen resistance via blocking cAMP/ER stress/p38-JNK signaling and apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res; 24(8); 1987-2001. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmi R Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Belder
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suhail A Ansari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Kayhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hilal Bal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umar Raza
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pelin G Ersan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ünal M Tokat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erol Eyüpoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Saatci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pouria Jandaghi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ayşegül Üner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Caglar Cekic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yasser Riazalhosseini
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Özgür Şahin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
- National Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Mutations in EMT-Related Genes in ALK Positive Crizotinib Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10010010. [PMID: 29300322 PMCID: PMC5789360 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Crizotinib is an effective drug for patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but upon treatment, the tumors inevitably become crizotinib resistant in time. The resistance mechanisms are only partly understood. In this study, we aim to identify gene mutations associated with resistance in ALKpositive advanced non-squamous NSCLC treated with crizotinib. Four ALK positive patients with progressive disease following crizotinib treatment were identified with paired pre- and post-crizotinib tumor tissue from our previously published cohort. Somatic variants in these samples were detected by whole exome sequencing. In one of the four patients, an ALK-resistance associated mutation was identified. In the other three patients, no ALK-resistance associated mutations were present. In these patients we identified 89 relevant somatic mutations in 74 genes that were specific to the resistant tumors. These genes were enriched in 15 pathways. Four pathways, were related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT): proteoglycans in cancer, HIF-1 signaling, FoxO signaling pathway, and ECM-receptor interaction. Analysis of other EMT-related pathways revealed three additional genes with mutations specific to the crizotinib-resistant tumor samples. The enrichment of mutations in genes associated with EMT-related pathways indicates that loss of epithelial differentiation may represent a relevant resistance mechanism for crizotinib.
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Pullamsetti SS, Kojonazarov B, Storn S, Gall H, Salazar Y, Wolf J, Weigert A, El-Nikhely N, Ghofrani HA, Krombach GA, Fink L, Gattenlöhner S, Rapp UR, Schermuly RT, Grimminger F, Seeger W, Savai R. Lung cancer–associated pulmonary hypertension: Role of microenvironmental inflammation based on tumor cell–immune cell cross-talk. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aai9048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer–associated pulmonary hypertension is associated with microenvironmental inflammation caused by tumor cell–immune cell cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Baktybek Kojonazarov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Samantha Storn
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Henning Gall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Ylia Salazar
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Janine Wolf
- Department of Radiology, UGMLC, member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - Nefertiti El-Nikhely
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Gabriele A. Krombach
- Department of Radiology, UGMLC, member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Ludger Fink
- Institute of Pathology and Cytology, Wetzlar 35578, Germany
| | - Stefan Gattenlöhner
- Department of Pathology, UGMLC, member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Ulf R. Rapp
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Friedrich Grimminger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the DZL, Justus Liebig University, Giessen 35392, Germany
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Guan Z, Zhuang W, Lei H, Wang D, Yao Y, Guo D, Sun Q, Chen Y, Chen X, Lin H, Teng B, Zhang Y. Epac1, PDE4, and PKC protein expression and their correlation with AKAP95 and Cx43 in esophagus cancer tissues. Thorac Cancer 2017; 8:572-576. [PMID: 28771997 PMCID: PMC5668522 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the expression of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP1 (Epac1), PDE4, and PKC in esophageal cancer tissues, and analyzed the association of each protein with the pathological parameters of the samples. METHODS Epac1, PDE4, and PKC protein expression was evaluated by PV-9000 two-step immunohistochemical techniques in 51 esophageal cancer specimens and 10 para-carcinoma tissues. RESULTS The positive expression rates of Epac1 and PKC in esophageal cancer tissues (62.7% and 68.6%, respectively) were higher compared to those in para-carcinoma tissues (20% and 20%, respectively) (P < 0.05). The positive expression rate of PDE4 in esophageal cancer tissues (54.1%) was higher than in para-carcinoma tissues (30%), (P > 0.05). Epac1, PDE4, and PKC protein expression levels were not associated with the extent of tumor differentiation and/or lymph node metastasis (P > 0.05). Epac1 protein expression levels correlated with PDE4, PKC, and AKAP95 protein expression levels. In addition, there was a correlation between PKC and Cx43 protein levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The expression rates of Epac1, PDE4, and PKC protein in esophageal cancer tissues were significantly higher compared to the rates in para-carcinoma tissues, suggesting an association between these proteins and the development and progression of esophageal cancer. The correlations between these proteins also revealed that they may exert a synergistic effect during the development of esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Guan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Winxin Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Youliang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dongbei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bogang Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yongxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Zhang X, Tian Y, Yang Y, Hao J. Development of anticancer agents targeting the Hedgehog signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2773-2782. [PMID: 28314894 PMCID: PMC11107598 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog signaling is an evolutionarily conserved pathway which is essential in embryonic and postnatal development as well as adult organ homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of Hedgehog signaling is implicated in many diseases including cancer. Consequently, substantial efforts have made in the past to develop potential therapeutic agents that specifically target the Hedgehog signaling for cancer treatment. Here, we review the therapeutic agents for inhibition of the Hedgehog signaling and their clinical advances in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Zhang
- College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanling Yang
- Medical College, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jijun Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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Roflumilast treatment inhibits lung carcinogenesis in benzo(a)pyrene-induced murine lung cancer model. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:189-195. [PMID: 28684234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Roflumilast, a potent and selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), has been used in treatment of COPD. PDE4 inhibitor is associated with inhibition of chronic airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and mesenchymal markers in B(a)P-induced lung tumors. The aim of this study was to assess whether roflumilast alone or added to inhaled budesonide might have dose-dependent inhibition on lung carcinogenesis induced by carcinogen B(a)P in mice. Female A/J mice were given a single dose of benzo(a)pyrene. Administration of roflumilast (1mg/kg or 5mg/kg) via oral gavage and aerosolized budesonide (2.25mg/ml) began 2 weeks post-carcinogen treatment and continued for 26 weeks. Tumor load was determined by averaging the total tumor volume in each group. Benzo(a)pyrene induced an average tumor size of 9.38 ± 1.75 tumors per mouse, with an average tumor load of 19.53 ± 3.81mm3. Roflumilast 5mg/kg treatment decreased (P < 0.05) tumor load per mouse compared to the B(a)P group. Roflumilast 5mg/kg treatment significantly increased the levels of cAMP in tumors with adjacent lung tissues (P < 0.05). The expression level of PDE4D gene was decreased by roflumilast 5mg/kg treatment, significantly (P < 0.05). Compared to the B(a)P exposure group, expression levels of HIF-1α and VEGFA were attenuated by roflumilast 5mg/kg treatment (P < 0.05). High-dose roflumilast can attenuate lung carcinogenesis in B(a)P-induced murine lung cancer model. The chemopreventive effect of roflumilast might be associated with inhibition of increased cAMP-mediated inflammatory process and markers of angiogenesis in tumor tissues.
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Ramezani S, Hadjighassem M, Vousooghi N, Parvaresh M, Arbabi F, Amini N, Joghataei MT. The Role of Protein Kinase B Signaling Pathway in Anti-Cancer Effect of Rolipram on Glioblastoma Multiforme: An In Vitro Study. Basic Clin Neurosci 2017; 8:325-336. [PMID: 29158883 PMCID: PMC5683690 DOI: 10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.4.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The mechanism of putative cytotoxicity of 4-[3-(cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]-2-pyrrolidone (rolipram), a specific phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is almost unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in the cytotoxic effect of rolipram on human GBM U87 MG cell line and Tumor-Initiating Cells (TICs) isolated from patient’s GBM specimen. Methods: TICs were characterized by using flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR. The cells were treated with rolipram at inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) in the presence or absence of SC79 (4μg/mL), a specific AKT activator, for 48 hours. The cell viability and apoptosis were measured by MTT assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. The relative expression of Phospho-Akt (Ser473), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) were detected using Western blotting. Results: The findings showed that rolipram could suppress cell viability in both U87MG and TICs, dose-dependently. Interestingly, the rolipram-induced cytotoxicity was significantly reduced in the presence of SC79. Nevertheless, in rolipram-treated cells, the pretreatment with SC79 significantly led to increase in U87 MG cells and TICs apoptosis and decrease in viability of U87 MG cells but not TICs relative to corresponding control. In U87 MG and TICs, rolipram-induced reduction of Phospho-Akt (Ser473) and MMP2 levels were significantly suppressed by SC79. Conclusion: There is a cell type-specific mechanism of anti-proliferative action of rolipram on GBM cells. The reduction of intracellular level of MMP2 but not VEGFA by rolipram is conducted through the inhibition of Akt signal. Rolipram-induced apoptosis is mediated via Akt dependent/independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ramezani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Hadjighassem
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Vousooghi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Parvaresh
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Arbabi
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Naser Amini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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71
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Rolipram potentiates bevacizumab-induced cell death in human glioblastoma stem-like cells. Life Sci 2017; 173:11-19. [PMID: 28202289 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Glioblastoma cancer stem-like cells (GCSCs) promote themselves proliferation by secreting the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in an autocrine manner, positively regulated by phosphodiesterase IV (PDE4). In the current study, we investigated the putative cytotoxic effect of bevacizumab, a VEGFA blocker, alone and in combination with a specific inhibitor of PDE4 called rolipram on GCSCs isolated from human surgical tumor specimen with a focus on PI3K/AKT pathway. MAIN METHODS CD133+/CD15+ GCSCs were characterized by flow cytometry and expanded in a serum-free primary culture system. The cell survival, apoptosis, and protein expression values were measured using MTT assay, TUNEL staining and western blot, successively. Intracellular cAMP and free secreted VEGFA levels were assessed by cAMP enzyme immunoassay and ELISA, respectively. KEY FINDINGS Bevacizumab suppressed GCSCs survival with IC50~6.5μg/ml and enhanced the levels of apoptosis, p53 and cleaved-caspase3 along with a decrease in free VEGFA levels and ERKs activation. However, there was no significant modulation of AKT phosphorylation on serine 473, the intracellular PDE4A, VEGFA and cAMP levels. More cytotoxicity in co-treated cells coupled with a more substantial decline in the free VEGFA levels and a greater increase in the quantities of p53 and cleaved-caspase3 compared to those treated with bevacizumab alone. Co-treatment reduced phospho-AKT, endogenous VEGFA and PDE4A values but elevated cAMP levels. SIGNIFICANCE This study highlighted a booster cytotoxic effect of combined rolipram and bevacizumab treatment on the GCSCs primary culture, suggesting that this approach is warranted in treatment of GBMs overexpressing VEGFA and PDE4A.
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72
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1,2,3-Triazole-nimesulide hybrid: Their design, synthesis and evaluation as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:518-523. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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73
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PDE4D promotes FAK-mediated cell invasion in BRAF-mutated melanoma. Oncogene 2017; 36:3252-3262. [PMID: 28092671 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway is critical in melanocyte biology for regulating differentiation. It is downregulated by phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes, which degrade cAMP itself. In melanoma evidence suggests that inhibition of the cAMP pathway by PDE type 4 (PDE4) favors tumor progression. For example, in melanomas harboring RAS mutations, the overexpression of PDE4 is crucial for MAPK pathway activation and proliferation induced by oncogenic RAS. Here we showed that PDE4D is overexpressed in BRAF-mutated melanoma cell lines, constitutively disrupting the cAMP pathway activation. PDE4D promoted melanoma invasion by interacting with focal adhesion kinase (FAK) through the scaffolding protein RACK1. Inhibition of PDE4 activity or inhibition of PDE4D interaction with FAK reduced invasion. PDE4D expression is increased in patients with advanced melanoma and PDE4D-FAK interaction is detectable in situ in metastatic melanoma. Our study establishes the role of PDE4D in BRAF-mutated melanoma as regulator of cell invasion, and suggests its potential as a target for preventing metastatic dissemination.
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74
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Miklos W, Heffeter P, Pirker C, Hager S, Kowol CR, van Schoonhoven S, Stojanovic M, Keppler BK, Berger W. Loss of phosphodiesterase 4D mediates acquired triapine resistance via Epac-Rap1-Integrin signaling. Oncotarget 2016; 7:84556-84574. [PMID: 27602951 PMCID: PMC5356681 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Triapine, an anticancer thiosemicarbazone, is currently under clinical investigation. Whereas promising results were obtained in hematological diseases, trials in solid tumors widely failed. To understand mechanisms causing triapine insensitivity, we have analysed genomic alterations in a triapine-resistant SW480 subline (SW480/tria). Only one distinct genomic loss was observed specifically in SW480/tria cells affecting the phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) gene locus. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of PDE4D resulted in significant triapine resistance in SW480 cells. Hence, we concluded that enhanced cyclic AMP levels might confer protection against triapine. Indeed, hyperactivation of both major downstream pathways, namely the protein kinase A (PKA)-cAMP response element-binding protein (Creb) and the exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac)-Ras-related protein 1 (Rap1) signaling axes, was observed in SW480/tria cells. Unexpectedly, inhibition of PKA did not re-sensitize SW480/tria cells against triapine. In contrast, Epac activation resulted in distinct triapine resistance in SW480 cells. Conversely, knock-down of Epac expression and pharmacological inhibition of Rap1 re-sensitized SW480/tria cells against triapine. Rap1 is a well-known regulator of integrins. Accordingly, SW480/tria cells displayed enhanced plasma membrane expression of several integrin subunits, enhanced adhesion especially to RGD-containing matrix components, and bolstered activation/expression of the integrin downstream effectors Src and RhoA/Rac. Accordingly, integrin and Src inhibition resulted in potent triapine re-sensitization especially of SW480/tria cells. In summary, we describe for the first time integrin activation based on cAMP-Epac-Rap1 signaling as acquired drug resistance mechanism. combinations of triapine with inhibitors of several steps in this resistance cascade might be feasible strategies to overcome triapine insensitivity of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Miklos
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University Vienna and Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Hager
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University Vienna and Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sushilla van Schoonhoven
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mirjana Stojanovic
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University Vienna and Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Platform “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University Vienna and Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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75
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Massimi M, Cardarelli S, Galli F, Giardi MF, Ragusa F, Panera N, Cinque B, Cifone MG, Biagioni S, Giorgi M. Increase of Intracellular Cyclic AMP by PDE4 Inhibitors Affects HepG2 Cell Cycle Progression and Survival. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:1401-1411. [PMID: 27859531 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Type 4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE4) are major members of a superfamily of enzymes (PDE) involved in modulation of intracellular signaling mediated by cAMP. Broadly expressed in most human tissues and present in large amounts in the liver, PDEs have in the last decade been key therapeutic targets for several inflammatory diseases. Recently, a significant body of work has underscored their involvement in different kinds of cancer, but with no attention paid to liver cancer. The present study investigated the effects of two PDE4 inhibitors, rolipram and DC-TA-46, on the growth of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Treatment with these inhibitors caused a marked increase of intracellular cAMP level and a dose- and time-dependent effect on cell growth. The concentrations of inhibitors that halved cell proliferation to about 50% were used for cell cycle experiments. Rolipram (10 μM) and DC-TA-46 (0.5 μM) produced a decrease of cyclin expression, in particular of cyclin A, as well as an increase in p21, p27 and p53, as evaluated by Western blot analysis. Changes in the intracellular localization of cyclin D1 were also observed after treatments. In addition, both inhibitors caused apoptosis, as demonstrated by an Annexin-V cytofluorimetric assay and analysis of caspase-3/7 activity. Results demonstrated that treatment with PDE4 inhibitors affected HepG2 cell cycle and survival, suggesting that they might be useful as potential adjuvant, chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agents in hepatocellular carcinoma. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1401-1411, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Massimi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Silvia Cardarelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Galli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Federica Giardi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Federica Ragusa
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nadia Panera
- Liver Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and IRCC, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Cinque
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cifone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Biagioni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Giorgi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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76
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Liu T, Yin H. PDK1 promotes tumor cell proliferation and migration by enhancing the Warburg effect in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:193-200. [PMID: 27878287 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells prefer glycolysis (Warburg effect) during the proliferation and metastasis. The precise mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) was a critical enzyme that functioned as an oncogene to promote non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) growth and metastasis. We discovered that PDK1 expression was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues and correlated with advanced T stage. Moreover, high expression of PDK1 was an independent prognostic factor of NSCLC. Ectopic overexpression of PDK1 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Also it was shown that PDK1 increased the cell mobility when Transwell assay was performed. Further experiments indicated that PDK1 had a central role in metabolic reprogramming by phosphorylating pyruvate dehydrogenase, leading to enhanced Warburg effect. Collectively, our data reveal a new function for PDK1, which could be used to indicate the prognosis of NSCLC, and provide targeted therapeutic strategy for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of Pneumology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Honglei Yin
- Department of Pneumology, Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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77
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Ju-Rong Y, Ke-Hong C, Kun H, Bi-Qiong F, Li-Rong L, Jian-Guo Z, Kai-Long L, Ya-Ni H. Transcription Factor Trps1 Promotes Tubular Cell Proliferation after Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through cAMP-Specific 3',5'-Cyclic Phosphodiesterase 4D and AKT. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:532-544. [PMID: 27466160 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2016010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichorhinophalangeal 1 (Trps1) is a transcription factor essential for epithelial cell morphogenesis during kidney development, but the role of Trps1 in AKI induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) remains unclear. Our study investigated Trps1 expression during kidney repair after acute I/R in rats and explored the molecular mechanisms by which Trps1 promotes renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation. Trps1 expression positively associated with the extent of renal repair after I/R injury. Compared with wild-type rats, rats with knockdown of Trps1 exhibited significantly delayed renal repair in the moderate I/R model, with lower GFR levels and more severe morphologic injury, whereas rats overexpressing Trps1 exhibited significantly accelerated renal repair after severe I/R injury. Additionally, knockdown of Trps1 inhibited and overexpression of Trps1 enhanced the proliferation of renal tubular epithelial cells in rats. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing assays and RT-PCR revealed that Trps1 regulated cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D (Pde4d) expression. Knockdown of Trps1 decreased the renal protein expression of Pde4d and phosphorylated Akt in rats, and dual luciferase analysis showed that Trps1 directly activated Pde4d transcription. Furthermore, knockdown of Pde4d or treatment with the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin significantly inhibited Trps1-induced tubular cell proliferation in vitro Trps1 may promote tubular cell proliferation through the Pde4d/phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting Trps1 as a potential therapeutic target for kidney repair after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ju-Rong
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Chen Ke-Hong
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Huang Kun
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Fu Bi-Qiong
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Lin Li-Rong
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Zhang Jian-Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Li Kai-Long
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - He Ya-Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and .,Department of Nephrology, People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
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78
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Joerger M, Finn SP, Cuffe S, Byrne AT, Gray SG. The IL-17-Th1/Th17 pathway: an attractive target for lung cancer therapy? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1339-1356. [PMID: 27353429 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1206891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is strong pharmaceutical development of agents targeting the IL-17-TH17 pathway for the treatment of psoriasis (Ps) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Lung cancer accounts for 28% of all cancer-related deaths worldwide, and roughly 80% of patients with newly-diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present with metastatic disease, with a poor prognosis of around 12 months. Therefore, there is a high unmet medical need for the development of new and potent systemic treatments in this deadly disease. The emergence of immunotherapies such as anti-PD-1 or anti-PDL1 as candidate therapies in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) indicates that targeting critical immuno-modulatory cytokines including those within the IL-17-Th1/Th17 axis may have proven benefit in the treatment of lung cancer. Areas covered: In this review we describe the current evidence for aberrant IL-17-Th1/Th17 settings in cancer, particularly with regard to targeting this axis in NSCLC. We further discuss the current agents under pharmaceutical development which could potentially target this axis, and discuss the current limitations and areas of concern regarding the use of these in lung cancer. Expert opinion: Current evidence suggests that moving forward agents targeting the IL-17-Th1/Th17 pathway may have novel new oncoimmunology indications in the treatment paradigm for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Joerger
- a Department of Medical Oncology & Hematology , Cantonal Hospital , St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Stephen P Finn
- b Department of Histopathology & Morbid Anatomy , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- c HOPE Directorate , St James's Hospital , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Annette T Byrne
- d Department of Physiology and Medical Physics & Centre for Systems Medicine , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Steven G Gray
- e Thoracic Oncology Research Group , IMM, St James's Hospital , Dublin , Ireland.,f Department of Clinical Medicine , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
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79
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Cao B, Wang K, Liao JM, Zhou X, Liao P, Zeng SX, He M, Chen L, He Y, Li W, Lu H. Inactivation of oncogenic cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase 4D by miR-139-5p in response to p53 activation. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27383270 PMCID: PMC4959878 DOI: 10.7554/elife.15978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence highlights the important roles of microRNAs in mediating p53’s tumor suppression functions. Here, we report miR-139-5p as another new p53 microRNA target. p53 induced the transcription of miR-139-5p, which in turn suppressed the protein levels of phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D), an oncogenic protein involved in multiple tumor promoting processes. Knockdown of p53 reversed these effects. Also, overexpression of miR-139-5p decreased PDE4D levels and increased cellular cAMP levels, leading to BIM-mediated cell growth arrest. Furthermore, our analysis of human colorectal tumor specimens revealed significant inverse correlation between the expression of miR-139-5p and that of PDE4D. Finally, overexpression of miR-139-5p suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors, accompanied by decrease in PDE4D and increase in BIM. These results demonstrate that p53 inactivates oncogenic PDE4D by inducing the expression of miR-139-5p. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.15978.001 The human body is kept mostly free from tumors by the actions of so-called tumor suppressor genes. One such gene encodes a protein called p53, which prevents tumors from growing by regulating the activity of many other genes that either inhibit cell growth or cause cells to die. For example, p53 regulates genes that encode short molecules called microRNAs, which in turn suppress the activity of other target genes. Although a number of microRNAs have been reported as p53-regulated genes, there are still more to find. Discovering these genes would in turn help researchers to better understand exactly how p53 acts to suppress the growth of tumors, and to treat cancers caused by mutations in this tumor suppressor gene. Cao, Wang et al. now discover a new microRNA – called miR-139-5p – as one that is activated by p53 in human cells. Colon tumors produce much lower levels of this microRNA than normal tissues, while the cancer cells with a higher level of miR-139-5p grow slower than do the cancer cells with less miR-139-5p. Further experiments showed that this is because miR-139-5p can suppress the production of a protein called PDE4D, which is often highly expressed in human cancers. The suppression of PDE4D by this microRNA results in an increase in the levels of a protein that can cause cancer cells to die. Cao, Wang et al. suggest that miR-139-5p and PDE4D form part of a signaling pathway that plays an important role in suppressing the growth of colon cancer cells. Since microRNAs often have more than one target, future studies could explore if miR-139-5p regulates the production of other cancer-related proteins as well. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.15978.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Kebing Wang
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ming Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
| | - Meifang He
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianzhou Chen
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Li
- Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States
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80
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Bobin P, Belacel-Ouari M, Bedioune I, Zhang L, Leroy J, Leblais V, Fischmeister R, Vandecasteele G. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in heart and vessels: A therapeutic perspective. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 109:431-43. [PMID: 27184830 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) degrade the second messengers cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), thereby regulating multiple aspects of cardiac and vascular muscle functions. This highly diverse class of enzymes encoded by 21 genes encompasses 11 families that are not only responsible for the termination of cyclic nucleotide signalling, but are also involved in the generation of dynamic microdomains of cAMP and cGMP, controlling specific cell functions in response to various neurohormonal stimuli. In the myocardium and vascular smooth muscle, the PDE3 and PDE4 families predominate, degrading cAMP and thereby regulating cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and smooth muscle contractile tone. PDE3 inhibitors are positive inotropes and vasodilators in humans, but their use is limited to acute heart failure and intermittent claudication. PDE5 is particularly important for the degradation of cGMP in vascular smooth muscle, and PDE5 inhibitors are used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. There is experimental evidence that these PDEs, as well as other PDE families, including PDE1, PDE2 and PDE9, may play important roles in cardiac diseases, such as hypertrophy and heart failure, as well as several vascular diseases. After a brief presentation of the cyclic nucleotide pathways in cardiac and vascular cells, and the major characteristics of the PDE superfamily, this review will focus on the current use of PDE inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases, and the recent research developments that could lead to better exploitation of the therapeutic potential of these enzymes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bobin
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Milia Belacel-Ouari
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ibrahim Bedioune
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Liang Zhang
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jérôme Leroy
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rodolphe Fischmeister
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Grégoire Vandecasteele
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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81
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Ma H, Lu T, Zhang X, Li C, Xiong J, Huang L, Liu P, Li Y, Liu L, Ding Z. HSPA12B: a novel facilitator of lung tumor growth. Oncotarget 2016; 6:9924-36. [PMID: 25909170 PMCID: PMC4496407 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung tumor progression is regulated by proangiogenic factors. Heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B) is a recently identified regulator of expression of proangiogenic factors. However, whether HSPA12B plays a role in lung tumor growth is unknown. To address this question, transgenic mice overexpressing HSPA12B (Tg) and wild-type littermates (WT) were implanted with Lewis lung cancer cells to induce lung tumorigenesis. Tg mice showed significantly higher number and bigger size of tumors than WT mice. Tg tumors exhibited increased angiogenesis and proliferation while reduced apoptosis compared with WT tumors. Interestingly, a significantly enhanced upregulation of Cox-2 was detected in Tg tumors than in WT tumors. Also, Tg tumors demonstrated upregulation of VEGF and angiopoietin-1, downregulation of AKAP12, and increased eNOS phosphorylation compared with WT tumors. Celecoxib, a selective Cox-2 inhibitor, suppressed the HSPA12B-induced increase in lung tumor burden. Moreover, celecoxib decreased angiogenesis and proliferation whereas increased apoptosis in Tg tumors. Additionally, celecoxib reduced angiopoietin-1 expression and eNOS phosphorylation but increased AKAP12 levels in Tg tumors. Our results indicate that HSPA12B stimulates lung tumor growth via a Cox-2-dependent mechanism. The present study identified HSPA12B as a novel facilitator of lung tumor growth and a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Jingwei Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengnian Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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82
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BIM and mTOR expression levels predict outcome to erlotinib in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17499. [PMID: 26639561 PMCID: PMC4671004 DOI: 10.1038/srep17499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BIM is a proapoptotic protein that initiates apoptosis triggered by EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). mTOR negatively regulates apoptosis and may influence response to EGFR TKI. We examined mRNA expression of BIM and MTOR in 57 patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC from the EURTAC trial. Risk of mortality and disease progression was lower in patients with high BIM compared with low/intermediate BIM mRNA levels. Analysis of MTOR further divided patients with high BIM expression into two groups, with those having both high BIM and MTOR experiencing shorter overall and progression-free survival to erlotinib. Validation of our results was performed in an independent cohort of 19 patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with EGFR TKIs. In EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma cell lines with high BIM expression, concomitant high mTOR expression increased IC50 of gefitinib for cell proliferation. We next sought to analyse the signalling pattern in cell lines with strong activation of mTOR and its substrate P-S6. We showed that mTOR and phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) strongly correlate in resistant EGFR-mutant cancer cell lines. These data suggest that the combination of EGFR TKI with mTOR or PDE4 inhibitors could be adequate therapy for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with high pretreatment levels of BIM and mTOR.
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83
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A phosphodiesterase 4B-dependent interplay between tumor cells and the microenvironment regulates angiogenesis in B-cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2015; 30:617-626. [PMID: 26503641 PMCID: PMC4775385 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis associates with poor outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), but the contribution of the lymphoma cells to this process remains unclear. Addressing this knowledge gap may uncover unsuspecting proangiogenic signaling nodes and highlight alternative antiangiogenic therapies. Here we identify the second messenger cyclic-AMP (cAMP) and the enzyme that terminates its activity, phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B), as regulators of B-cell lymphoma angiogenesis. We first show that cAMP, in a PDE4B-dependent manner, suppresses PI3K/AKT signals to down-modulate VEGF secretion and vessel formation in vitro. Next, we create a novel mouse model that combines the lymphomagenic Myc transgene with germline deletion of Pde4b. We show that lymphomas developing in a Pde4b-null background display significantly lower microvessel density in association with lower VEGF levels and PI3K/AKT activity. We recapitulate these observations by treating lymphoma-bearing mice with the FDA-approved PDE4 inhibitor Roflumilast. Lastly, we show that primary human DLBCLs with high PDE4B expression display significantly higher microvessel density. Here, we defined an unsuspected signaling circuitry in which the cAMP generated in lymphoma cells downmodulates PI3K/AKT and VEGF secretion to negatively influence vessel development in the microenvironment. These data identify PDE4 as an actionable antiangiogenic target in DLBCL.
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84
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Baty F, Klingbiel D, Zappa F, Brutsche M. High-throughput alternative splicing detection using dually constrained correspondence analysis (DCCA). J Biomed Inform 2015; 58:175-185. [PMID: 26483173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing is an important component of tumorigenesis. Recent advent of exon array technology enables the detection of alternative splicing at a genome-wide scale. The analysis of high-throughput alternative splicing is not yet standard and methodological developments are still needed. We propose a novel statistical approach-Dually Constrained Correspondence Analysis-for the detection of splicing changes in exon array data. Using this methodology, we investigated the genome-wide alteration of alternative splicing in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated by bevacizumab/erlotinib. Splicing candidates reveal a series of genes related to carcinogenesis (SFTPB), cell adhesion (STAB2, PCDH15, HABP2), tumor aggressiveness (ARNTL2), apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation (PDE4D, FLT3, IL1R2), cell invasion (ETV1), as well as tumor growth (OLFM4, FGF14), tumor necrosis (AFF3) or tumor suppression (TUSC3, CSMD1, RHOBTB2, SERPINB5), with indication of known alternative splicing in a majority of genes. DCCA facilitates the identification of putative biologically relevant alternative splicing events in high-throughput exon array data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Baty
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland.
| | - Dirk Klingbiel
- Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Zappa
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Martin Brutsche
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Switzerland
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85
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Lilyanna S, Peh MT, Liew OW, Wang P, Moore PK, Richards AM, Martinez EC. GYY4137 attenuates remodeling, preserves cardiac function and modulates the natriuretic peptide response to ischemia. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 87:27-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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86
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Warrington NM, Sun T, Rubin JB. Targeting brain tumor cAMP: the case for sex-specific therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:153. [PMID: 26283963 PMCID: PMC4516881 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A relationship between cyclic adenosine 3′, 5′-monophosphate (cAMP) levels and brain tumor biology has been evident for nearly as long as cAMP and its synthetase, adenylate cyclase (ADCY) have been known. The importance of the pathway in brain tumorigenesis has been demonstrated in vitro and in multiple animal models. Recently, we provided human validation for a cooperating oncogenic role for cAMP in brain tumorigenesis when we found that SNPs in ADCY8 were correlated with glioma (brain tumor) risk in individuals with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Together, these studies provide a strong rationale for targeting cAMP in brain tumor therapy. However, the cAMP pathway is well-known to be sexually dimorphic, and SNPs in ADCY8 affected glioma risk in a sex-specific fashion, elevating the risk for females while protecting males. The cAMP pathway can be targeted at multiple levels in the regulation of its synthesis and degradation. Sex differences in response to drugs that target cAMP regulators indicate that successful targeting of the cAMP pathway for brain tumor patients is likely to require matching specific mechanisms of drug action with patient sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Warrington
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine St Louis, MO, USA ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine St Louis, MO, USA
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87
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Nakamura T, Maeda S, Horiguchi K, Maehara T, Aritake K, Choi BI, Iwakura Y, Urade Y, Murata T. PGD2 deficiency exacerbates food antigen-induced mast cell hyperplasia. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7514. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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88
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Praveena KSS, Shivaji Ramarao EVV, Murthy NYS, Akkenapally S, Kumar CG, Kapavarapu R, Pal S. Design of new hybrid template by linking quinoline, triazole and dihydroquinoline pharmacophoric groups: A greener approach to novel polyazaheterocycles as cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:1057-63. [PMID: 25655719 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A new hybrid template designed by linking three pharmacophoric groups, for example, quinoline, triazole and dihydroquinoline moieties have been used for the generation of a library of molecules as potential cytotoxic agents. Synthesis of these polyazaheterocycles were carried out by using a strategy that involved one-pot sequential azidation and CuAAC in water under mild conditions. A number of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles possessing quinolinylmethylene at N-1 and 1,2-dihydroquinolinyl methylene at C-4 as different substituents were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against various cancer cells. Some of them showed encouraging activities against lung cancer cells and one of them showed inhibition of PDE4 indicating the potential medicinal value of these novel polyazaheterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Surekha Akkenapally
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - C Ganesh Kumar
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Ravikumar Kapavarapu
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sarbani Pal
- MNR Degree & PG College, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500085, India.
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89
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Yeo CD, Kim JW, Ha JH, Kim SJ, Lee SH, Kim IK, Kim YK. Chemopreventive effect of phosphodieasterase-4 inhibition in benzo(a)pyrene-induced murine lung cancer model. Exp Lung Res 2014; 40:500-6. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2014.950769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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90
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Ahmad F, Murata T, Shimizu K, Degerman E, Maurice D, Manganiello V. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: important signaling modulators and therapeutic targets. Oral Dis 2014; 21:e25-50. [PMID: 25056711 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
By catalyzing hydrolysis of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases are critical regulators of their intracellular concentrations and their biological effects. As these intracellular second messengers control many cellular homeostatic processes, dysregulation of their signals and signaling pathways initiate or modulate pathophysiological pathways related to various disease states, including erectile dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, acute refractory cardiac failure, intermittent claudication, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and psoriasis. Alterations in expression of PDEs and PDE-gene mutations (especially mutations in PDE6, PDE8B, PDE11A, and PDE4) have been implicated in various diseases and cancer pathologies. PDEs also play important role in formation and function of multimolecular signaling/regulatory complexes, called signalosomes. At specific intracellular locations, individual PDEs, together with pathway-specific signaling molecules, regulators, and effectors, are incorporated into specific signalosomes, where they facilitate and regulate compartmentalization of cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways and specific cellular functions. Currently, only a limited number of PDE inhibitors (PDE3, PDE4, PDE5 inhibitors) are used in clinical practice. Future paths to novel drug discovery include the crystal structure-based design approach, which has resulted in generation of more effective family-selective inhibitors, as well as burgeoning development of strategies to alter compartmentalized cyclic nucleotide signaling pathways by selectively targeting individual PDEs and their signalosome partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ahmad
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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91
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Powers GL, Hammer KDP, Domenech M, Frantskevich K, Malinowski RL, Bushman W, Beebe DJ, Marker PC. Phosphodiesterase 4D inhibitors limit prostate cancer growth potential. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:149-60. [PMID: 25149359 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) has recently been implicated as a proliferation-promoting factor in prostate cancer and is overexpressed in human prostate carcinoma. However, the effects of PDE4D inhibition using pharmacologic inhibitors have not been examined in prostate cancer. These studies examined the effects of selective PDE4D inhibitors, NVP-ABE171 and cilomilast, as anti-prostate cancer therapies in both in vitro and in vivo models. The effects of PDE4D inhibitors on pathways that are critical in prostate cancer and/or downstream of cyclic AMP (cAMP) were examined. Both NVP-ABE171 and cilomilast decreased cell growth. In vitro, PDE4D inhibitors lead to decreased signaling of the sonic hedgehog (SHH), androgen receptor (AR), and MAPK pathways, but growth inhibition was best correlated to the SHH pathway. PDE4D inhibition also reduced proliferation of epithelial cells induced by paracrine signaling from cocultured stromal cells that had activated hedgehog signaling. In addition, PDE4D inhibitors decreased the weight of the prostate in wild-type mice. Prostate cancer xenografts grown in nude mice that were treated with cilomilast or NVP-ABE171 had decreased wet weight and increased apoptosis compared with vehicle-treated controls. These studies suggest the pharmacologic inhibition of PDE4D using small-molecule inhibitors is an effective option for prostate cancer therapy. IMPLICATIONS PDE4D inhibitors decrease the growth of prostate cancer cells in vivo and in vitro, and PDE4D inhibition has therapeutic potential in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginny L Powers
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kimberly D P Hammer
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Maribella Domenech
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico
| | - Katsiaryna Frantskevich
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Rita L Malinowski
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Wade Bushman
- Department of Urology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - David J Beebe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Wisconsin Institute for Medical Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Paul C Marker
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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92
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He N, Kim N, Song M, Park C, Kim S, Park EY, Yim HY, Kim K, Park JH, Kim KI, Zhang F, Mills GB, Yoon S. Integrated analysis of transcriptomes of cancer cell lines and patient samples reveals STK11/LKB1-driven regulation of cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:2463-73. [PMID: 25122068 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The recent proliferation of data on large collections of well-characterized cancer cell lines linked to therapeutic drug responses has made it possible to identify lineage- and mutation-specific transcriptional markers that can help optimize implementation of anticancer agents. Here, we leverage these resources to systematically investigate the presence of mutation-specific transcription markers in a wide variety of cancer lineages and genotypes. Sensitivity and specificity of potential transcriptional biomarkers were simultaneously analyzed in 19 cell lineages grouped into 228 categories based on the mutational genotypes of 12 cancer-related genes. Among a total of 1,455 category-specific expression patterns, the expression of cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D (PDE4D) with 11 isoforms, one of the PDE4(A-D) subfamilies, was predicted to be regulated by a mutant form of serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11)/liver kinase B1 (LKB1) present in lung cancer. STK11/LKB1 is the primary upstream kinase of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Subsequently, we found that the knockdown of PDE4D gene expression inhibited proliferation of STK11-mutated lung cancer lines. Furthermore, challenge with a panel of PDE4-specific inhibitors was shown to selectively reduce the growth of STK11-mutated lung cancer lines. Thus, we show that multidimensional analysis of a well-characterized large-scale panel of cancer cell lines provides unprecedented opportunities for the identification of unexpected oncogenic mechanisms and mutation-specific drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning He
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Song
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choa Park
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Somin Kim
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Young Yim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunga Kim
- Department of Statistics, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Il Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Fan Zhang
- Systems Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Systems Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sukjoon Yoon
- Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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93
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Xu T, Wu S, Yuan Y, Yan G, Xiao D. Knockdown of phosphodiesterase 4D inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma proliferation via the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:2110-2116. [PMID: 25289091 PMCID: PMC4186529 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) is a subtype of metallohydrolases, and it has been reported that PDE4D functions as a proliferation promoting factor in certain types of cancer, including head and neck cancer. The present study first investigated the function of PDE4D in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Western blot analysis was applied to detect PDE4D expression in NPC samples and cells. A lentiviral infection technique was used to stabilize the knockdown of PDE4D, which was subsequently examined in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that PDE4D was overexpressed in the NPC tissues and cells. Knockdown of PDE4D inhibited the growth of CNE2 and 5–8F, inducing cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in CNE2. These effects could be reversed by epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. Furthermore, knockdown of PDE4D significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and AKT. The results were further validated in an NPC xenograft in nude mice. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that PDE4D may function as a proliferation promoting factor in NPC, by affecting the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, the targeting of PDE4D may be a rational strategy in the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Sihai Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Guoxin Yan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Dajiang Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
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94
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Abdel-Rahman HM, Abdel-Aziz M, Canzoneri JC, Gary BD, Piazza GA. Novel Quinazolin-4(3H)-one/Schiff Base Hybrids as Antiproliferative and Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, and Docking Studies. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2014; 347:650-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201400083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy M. Abdel-Rahman
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Department; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Faculty of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Department; Minia University; Minia Egypt
| | | | - Bernard D. Gary
- USA Mitchell Cancer Institute; University of South Alabama; Mobile AL USA
| | - Gary A. Piazza
- USA Mitchell Cancer Institute; University of South Alabama; Mobile AL USA
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95
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Maurice DH, Ke H, Ahmad F, Wang Y, Chung J, Manganiello VC. Advances in targeting cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014; 13:290-314. [PMID: 24687066 DOI: 10.1038/nrd4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 566] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) catalyse the hydrolysis of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP, thereby regulating the intracellular concentrations of these cyclic nucleotides, their signalling pathways and, consequently, myriad biological responses in health and disease. Currently, a small number of PDE inhibitors are used clinically for treating the pathophysiological dysregulation of cyclic nucleotide signalling in several disorders, including erectile dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, acute refractory cardiac failure, intermittent claudication and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, pharmaceutical interest in PDEs has been reignited by the increasing understanding of the roles of individual PDEs in regulating the subcellular compartmentalization of specific cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways, by the structure-based design of novel specific inhibitors and by the development of more sophisticated strategies to target individual PDE variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald H Maurice
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston K7L3N6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hengming Ke
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Faiyaz Ahmad
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Yousheng Wang
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jay Chung
- Genetics and Developmental Biology Center, The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Vincent C Manganiello
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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96
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Lowe FJ, Shen W, Zu J, Li J, Wang H, Zhang X, Zhong L. A novel autoantibody test for the detection of pre-neoplastic lung lesions. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:78. [PMID: 24708840 PMCID: PMC3992137 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) and squamous cell dysplasia (SCD) are associated with the development of malignant lesions in the lung. Accurate diagnosis of AAH and SCD could facilitate earlier clinical intervention and provide useful information for assessing lung cancer risk in human populations. Detection of AAH and SCD has been achieved by imaging and bronchoscopy clinically, but sensitivity and specificity remain less than satisfactory. We utilized the ability of the immune system to identify lesion specific proteins for detection of AAH and SCD. Methods AAH and SCD tissue was surgically removed from six patients of Chinese descent (3 AAH and 3 SCD) with corresponding serum samples. Total RNA was extracted from the tissues and a cDNA library was generated and incorporated into a T7 bacteriophage vector. Following enrichment to remove "normal" reactive phages, a total of 200 AAH related and 200 SCD related phage clones were chosen for statistical classifier development and incorporation into a microarray. Microarray slides were tested with an independent double-blinded population consisting of 100 AAH subjects, 100 SCD subjects and 200 healthy control subjects. Results Sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 70% were achieved in the detection of AAH using a combination of 9 autoantibody biomarkers. Likewise, 86% sensitivity and 78% specificity were achieved in the detection of SCD using a combination of 13 SCD-associated markers. Sequencing analysis identified that most of these 22 autoantibody biomarkers had known malignant associations. Conclusions Both diagnostic values showed promising sensitivity and specificity in detection of pre-neoplastic lung lesions. Hence, this technology could be a useful non-invasive tool to assess lung cancer risk in human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frazer J Lowe
- British American Tobacco (Investments) Ltd, Group Research and Development, Regents Park Road, Millbrook, Southampton SO15 8TL, UK.
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Azevedo MF, Faucz FR, Bimpaki E, Horvath A, Levy I, de Alexandre RB, Ahmad F, Manganiello V, Stratakis CA. Clinical and molecular genetics of the phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Endocr Rev 2014; 35:195-233. [PMID: 24311737 PMCID: PMC3963262 DOI: 10.1210/er.2013-1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that have the unique function of terminating cyclic nucleotide signaling by catalyzing the hydrolysis of cAMP and GMP. They are critical regulators of the intracellular concentrations of cAMP and cGMP as well as of their signaling pathways and downstream biological effects. PDEs have been exploited pharmacologically for more than half a century, and some of the most successful drugs worldwide today affect PDE function. Recently, mutations in PDE genes have been identified as causative of certain human genetic diseases; even more recently, functional variants of PDE genes have been suggested to play a potential role in predisposition to tumors and/or cancer, especially in cAMP-sensitive tissues. Mouse models have been developed that point to wide developmental effects of PDEs from heart function to reproduction, to tumors, and beyond. This review brings together knowledge from a variety of disciplines (biochemistry and pharmacology, oncology, endocrinology, and reproductive sciences) with emphasis on recent research on PDEs, how PDEs affect cAMP and cGMP signaling in health and disease, and what pharmacological exploitations of PDEs may be useful in modulating cyclic nucleotide signaling in a way that prevents or treats certain human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa F Azevedo
- Section on Endocrinology Genetics (M.F.A., F.R.F., E.B., A.H., I.L., R.B.d.A., C.A.S.), Program on Developmental Endocrinology Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892; Section of Endocrinology (M.F.A.), University Hospital of Brasilia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70840-901, Brazil; Group for Advanced Molecular Investigation (F.R.F., R.B.d.A.), Graduate Program in Health Science, Medical School, Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Paraná, Curitiba 80215-901, Brazil; Cardiovascular Pulmonary Branch (F.A., V.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892; and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program (C.A.S.), NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Mahdian D, Shafiee-Nick R, Mousavi SH. Different effects of adenylyl cyclase activators and phosphodiesterases inhibitors on cervical cancer (HeLa) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells proliferation. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:307-14. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.898354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Ikari J, Michalski JM, Iwasawa S, Gunji Y, Nogel S, Park JH, Nelson AJ, Farid M, Wang X, Schulte N, Basma H, Toews ML, Feghali-Bostwick C, Tenor H, Liu X, Rennard SI. Phosphodiesterase-4 inhibition augments human lung fibroblast vascular endothelial growth factor production induced by prostaglandin E2. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 49:571-81. [PMID: 23656623 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0004oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibroblasts are believed to be a major source of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which supports the survival of lung endothelial cells and modulates the maintenance of the pulmonary microvasculature. VEGF has been related to the pathogenesis of lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates VEGF production from lung fibroblasts via the E-prostanoid (EP)-2 receptor. The EP2 signaling pathway uses cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) as a second messenger, and cAMP is degraded by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). This study investigates whether phosphodiesterase inhibition modulates the human lung fibroblast VEGF production induced by PGE2. Human fetal lung fibroblasts were cultured with PGE2 and PDE inhibitors. The PDE4 inhibitors roflumilast, roflumilast N-oxide, and rolipram with PGE2 increased VEGF release, as quantified in supernatant media by ELISA. In contrast, PDE3, PDE5, and PDE7 inhibitors did not affect VEGF release. Roflumilast increased VEGF release with either an EP2 or an EP4 agonist. Roflumilast augmented the cytosolic cAMP levels induced by PGE2 and VEGF release with other agents that use the cAMP signaling pathway. Roflumilast-augmented VEGF release was completely inhibited by a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor. Roflumilast with PGE2 increased VEGF mRNA levels, and the blockade of mRNA synthesis inhibited the augmented VEGF release. The stimulatory effect of roflumilast on VEGF release was replicated using primary healthy and COPD lung fibroblasts. These findings demonstrate that PDE4 inhibition can modulate human lung fibroblast VEGF release by PGE2 acting through the EP2 and EP4 receptor-cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. Through this action, PDE4 inhibitors such as roflumilast could contribute to the survival of lung endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ikari
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Allergy Medicine, and
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Costa C, Molina MA, Drozdowskyj A, Giménez-Capitán A, Bertran-Alamillo J, Karachaliou N, Gervais R, Massuti B, Wei J, Moran T, Majem M, Felip E, Carcereny E, Garcia-Campelo R, Viteri S, Taron M, Ono M, Giannikopoulos P, Bivona T, Rosell R. The impact of EGFR T790M mutations and BIM mRNA expression on outcome in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with erlotinib or chemotherapy in the randomized phase III EURTAC trial. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:2001-10. [PMID: 24493829 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Concomitant genetic alterations could account for transient clinical responses to tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in patients harboring activating EGFR mutations. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have evaluated the impact of pretreatment somatic EGFR T790M mutations, TP53 mutations, and Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (BCL2L11, also known as BIM) mRNA expression in 95 patients with EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) included in the EURTAC trial (trial registration: NCT00446225). RESULTS T790M mutations were detected in 65.26% of patients using our highly sensitive method based on laser microdissection and peptide-nucleic acid-clamping PCR, which can detect the mutation at an allelic dilution of 1 in 5,000. Progression-free survival (PFS) to erlotinib was 9.7 months for those with T790M mutations and 15.8 months for those without, whereas among patients receiving chemotherapy, it was 6 and 5.1 months, respectively (P < 0.0001). PFS to erlotinib was 12.9 months for those with high and 7.2 months for those with low/intermediate BCL2L11 expression levels, whereas among chemotherapy-treated patients, it was 5.8 and 5.5 months, respectively (P = 0.0003). Overall survival was 28.6 months for patients with high BCL2L11 expression and 22.1 months for those with low/intermediate BCL2L11 expression (P = 0.0364). Multivariate analyses showed that erlotinib was a marker of longer PFS (HR = 0.35; P = 0.0003), whereas high BCL2L11 expression was a marker of longer PFS (HR = 0.49; P = 0.0122) and overall survival (HR = 0.53; P = 0.0323). CONCLUSIONS Low-level pretreatment T790M mutations can frequently be detected and can be used for customizing treatment with T790M-specific inhibitors. BCL2L11 mRNA expression is a biomarker of survival in EGFR-mutant NSCLC and can potentially be used for synthetic lethality therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Costa
- Authors' Affiliations: Pangaea Biotech, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Pivotal, Madrid; Hospital General de Alicante, Alicante, Spain; Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, La Coruña, Spain; Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France; Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Cancer Therapeutics Innovation Group, New York, New York, USA; and Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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