51
|
Uekita T, Fujii S, Miyazawa Y, Iwakawa R, Narisawa-Saito M, Nakashima K, Tsuta K, Tsuda H, Kiyono T, Yokota J, Sakai R. Oncogenic Ras/ERK signaling activates CDCP1 to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 12:1449-59. [PMID: 24939643 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-13-0587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Involvement of Ras in cancer initiation is known, but recent evidence indicates a role in cancer progression, including metastasis and invasion; however, the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, it was determined that human lung cancer cells with Ras mutations, among other popular mutations, showed significantly higher expression of CUB domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) than those without. Furthermore, activated Ras clearly induced CDCP1, whereas CDCP1 knockdown or inhibition of CDCP1 phosphorylation by Src-directed therapy abrogated anoikis resistance, migration, and invasion induced by activated-Ras. Activation of MMP2 and secretion of MMP9, in a model of Ras-induced invasion, was found to be regulated through induction of phosphorylated CDCP1. Thus, CDCP1 is required for the functional link between Ras and Src signaling during the multistage development of human malignant tumors, highlighting CDCP1 as a potent target for treatment in the broad spectrum of human cancers associated with these oncogenes. IMPLICATIONS CDCP1 protein induced by oncogenic Ras/Erk signaling is essential for Ras-mediated metastatic potential of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Uekita
- Division of Metastasis and Invasion Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. Department of Applied Chemistry, National Defense Academy, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoko Fujii
- Division of Metastasis and Invasion Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Miyazawa
- Division of Metastasis and Invasion Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reika Iwakawa
- Division of Multistep Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mako Narisawa-Saito
- Division of Virology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Nakashima
- Division of Metastasis and Invasion Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuta
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tsuda
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Virology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Yokota
- Division of Multistep Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakai
- Division of Metastasis and Invasion Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Jahn SC, Law ME, Corsino PE, Davis BJ, Harrison JK, Law BK. Signaling mechanisms that suppress the cytostatic actions of rapamycin. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99927. [PMID: 24927123 PMCID: PMC4057458 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While rapamycin and the "rapalogs" Everolimus and Temsirolimus have been approved for clinical use in the treatment of a number of forms of cancer, they have not met overarching success. Some tumors are largely refractory to rapamycin treatment, with some even undergoing an increase in growth rates. However the mechanisms by which this occurs are largely unknown. The results presented here reveal novel cell-signaling mechanisms that may lead to this resistance. The absence of TGFβ signaling results in resistance to rapamycin. Additionally, we observed that treatment of some cancer cell lines with rapamycin and its analogs not only potentiates mitogenic signaling and proliferation induced by HGF, but also stimulates the pro-survival kinase Akt. Together, the data show that the effectiveness of rapamycin treatment can be influenced by a number of factors and bring to light potential biomarkers for the prediction of responsiveness to treatment, and suggest combination therapies to optimize rapalog anticancer efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan C. Jahn
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- University of Florida-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- University of Florida-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Patrick E. Corsino
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- University of Florida-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bradley J. Davis
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- University of Florida-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey K. Harrison
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- University of Florida-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Brian K. Law
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- University of Florida-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Yu M, Salvador LA, Sy SKB, Tang Y, Singh RSP, Chen QY, Liu Y, Hong J, Derendorf H, Luesch H. Largazole pharmacokinetics in rats by LC-MS/MS. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:1623-40. [PMID: 24658499 PMCID: PMC3967229 DOI: 10.3390/md12031623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method for the quantitation of largazole thiol, the active species of the marine-derived preclinical histone deacetylase inhibitor, largazole (prodrug), was developed and validated. Largazole thiol was extracted with ethyl acetate from human or rat plasma along with the internal standard, harmine. Samples were separated on an Onyx Monolithic C18 column by a stepwise gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in methanol and 0.1% aqueous formic acid employing multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection. Linear calibration curves were obtained in the range of 12.5-400 ng/mL with 200 µL of human plasma. The overall intra-day precision was from 3.87% to 12.6%, and the inter-day precision was from 7.12% to 9.8%. The accuracy at low, medium and high concentrations ranged from 101.55% to 105.84%. Plasma protein bindings of largazole thiol in human and rat plasma as determined by an ultrafiltration method were 90.13% and 77.14%, respectively. Plasma drug concentrations were measured by this LC-MS/MS method. The pharmacokinetics of largazole thiol in rats was studied following i.v. administration at 10 mg/kg and found to follow a two-compartment model. Largazole thiol was rapidly eliminated from systemic circulation within 2 h. The established LC-MS/MS method is suitable for the analysis of largazole thiol in human plasma, as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Lilibeth A Salvador
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Sherwin K B Sy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Yufei Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Ravi S P Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Qi-Yin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Yanxia Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Jiyong Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Hartmut Derendorf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Wu LC, Wen ZS, Qiu YT, Chen XQ, Chen HB, Wei MM, Liu Z, Jiang S, Zhou GB. Largazole Arrests Cell Cycle at G1 Phase and Triggers Proteasomal Degradation of E2F1 in Lung Cancer Cells. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:921-6. [PMID: 24900585 DOI: 10.1021/ml400093y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberration in cell cycle has been shown to be a common occurrence in lung cancer, and cell cycle inhibitor represents an effective therapeutic strategy. In this study, we test the effects of a natural macrocyclic depsipeptide largazole on lung cancer cells and report that this compound potently inhibits the proliferation and clonogenic activity of lung cancer cells but not normal bronchial epithelial cells. Largazole arrests cell cycle at G1 phase with up-regulation of the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Interestingly, largazole enhances the E2F1-HDAC1 binding affinity and induces a proteasomal degradation of E2F1, leading to suppression of E2F1 function in lung cancer but not normal bronchial epithelial cells. Because E2F1 is overexpressed in lung cancer tumor samples, these data indicate that largazole is an E2F1-targeting cell cycle inhibitor, which bears therapeutic potentials for this malignant neoplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chuan Wu
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis
and Targeted Therapy for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane
and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,
China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery,
The Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ya-Tao Qiu
- Guangzhou Institute
of Biomedicine
and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery,
The Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hao-Bin Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Qu Jing, Qu Jing,
Yuannan Province 655000, China
| | - Ming-Ming Wei
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis
and Targeted Therapy for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane
and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,
China
| | - Zi Liu
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis
and Targeted Therapy for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane
and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049,
China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Guangzhou Institute
of Biomedicine
and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis
and Targeted Therapy for Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane
and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
McCarthy DA, Clark RR, Bartling TR, Trebak M, Melendez JA. Redox control of the senescence regulator interleukin-1α and the secretory phenotype. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32149-32159. [PMID: 24062309 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.493841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate in aged tissue and are causally linked to age-associated tissue degeneration. These non-dividing, metabolically active cells are highly secretory and alter tissue homeostasis, creating an environment conducive to metastatic disease progression. IL-1α is a key senescence-associated (SA) proinflammatory cytokine that acts as a critical upstream regulator of the SA secretory phenotype (SASP). We established that SA shifts in steady-state H2O2 and intracellular Ca(2+) levels caused an increase in IL-1α expression and processing. The increase in intracellular Ca(2+) promoted calpain activation and increased the proteolytic cleavage of IL-1α. Antioxidants and low oxygen tension prevented SA IL-1α expression and restricted expression of SASP components IL-6 and IL-8. Ca(2+) chelation or calpain inhibition prevented SA processing of IL-1α and its ability to induce downstream cytokine expression. Conditioned medium from senescent cells treated with antioxidants or Ca(2+) chelators or cultured in low oxygen markedly reduced the invasive capacity of proximal metastatic cancer cells. In this paracrine fashion, senescent cells promoted invasion by inducing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition, actin reorganization, and cellular polarization of neighboring cancer cells. Collectively, these findings demonstrate how SA alterations in the redox state and Ca(2+) homeostasis modulate the inflammatory phenotype through the regulation of the SASP initiator IL-1α, creating a microenvironment permissive to tumor invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald A McCarthy
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - Ryan R Clark
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - Toni R Bartling
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203
| | - J Andres Melendez
- From the College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12203.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Pharmaceutical agents from filamentous marine cyanobacteria. Drug Discov Today 2013; 18:863-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
57
|
Parker J, Koh J, Yoo MJ, Zhu N, Feole M, Yi S, Chen S. Quantitative proteomics of tomato defense against Pseudomonas syringae infection. Proteomics 2013; 13:1934-46. [PMID: 23533086 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and microarray analyses have provided useful information in the area of plant and pathogen interactions. Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst) causes bacterial speck disease in tomato. Previous studies have shown that changes in response to pathogen infection at transcript level are variable at different time points. This study provides information not only on proteomic changes between a resistant and a susceptible genotype, but also information on changes between an early and a late time point. Using the iTRAQ quantitative proteomics approach, we have identified 2369 proteins in tomato leaves, and 477 of them were determined to be responsive to Pst inoculation. Unique and differential proteins after each comparison were further analyzed to provide information about protein changes and the potential functions they play in the pathogen response. This information is applicable not only to tomato proteomics, but also adds to the repertoire of proteins now available for crop proteomic analysis and how they change in response to pathogen infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Parker
- Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
58
|
Uekita T, Fujii S, Miyazawa Y, Hashiguchi A, Abe H, Sakamoto M, Sakai R. Suppression of autophagy by CUB domain-containing protein 1 signaling is essential for anchorage-independent survival of lung cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:865-70. [PMID: 23510015 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CUB (C1r/C1s, urchin embryonic growth factor, BMP1) domain-containing protein 1 (CDCP1) has been implicated in promoting metastasis of cancer cells through several mechanisms, including the inhibition of anoikis, which is cell death triggered by the loss of extracellular matrix interactions. However, the mechanism inhibiting cell death regulated by CDCP1 remains elusive. Inhibition of CDCP1 expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) induced the cell death of suspended cancer cells without cleaving caspase-3, a marker of apoptosis; cell death was not inhibited by a general caspase inhibitor, suggesting that the loss of CDCP1 induces caspase-independent cell death. In contrast, knockdown of CDCP1 as well as protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), a downstream effector of CDCP1, in a suspension culture of lung cancer cells resulted in marked induction of membranous microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-II protein, a hallmark of autophagy, and caused the formation of an autophagosome structure visualized using green fluorescent protein-tagged LC3-II. Expression and phosphorylation of exogenous CDCP1 by Fyn kinase reduced the formation of autophagosomes and inhibited phosphorylation of CDCP1 by PP2, a Src kinase inhibitor or inhibited PKCδ by rottlerin, stimulating autophagosome formation. Moreover, death of suspended lung cancer cells induced by CDCP1 siRNA or by PKCδ siRNA was reduced by the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine. These results indicate that CDCP1-PKCδ signaling plays a critical role in inhibiting autophagy, which is responsible for anoikis resistance of lung cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Uekita
- Division of Metastasis and Invasion Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
59
|
Kollmorgen G, Bossenmaier B, Niederfellner G, Häring HU, Lammers R. Structural requirements for cub domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) and Src dependent cell transformation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e53050. [PMID: 23300860 PMCID: PMC3534080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cub domain containing protein 1 (CDCP1) is strongly expressed in tumors derived from lung, colon, ovary, or kidney. It is a membrane protein that is phosphorylated and then bound by Src family kinases. Although expression and phosphorylation of CDCP1 have been investigated in many tumor cell lines, the CDCP1 features responsible for transformation have not been fully evaluated. This is in part due to the lack of an experimental system in which cellular transformation depends on expression of exogenous CDCP1 and Src. Here we use retrovirus mediated co-overexpression of c-Src and CDCP1 to induce focus formation of NIH3T3 cells. Employing different mutants of CDCP1 we show that for a full transformation capacity, the intact amino- and carboxy-termini of CDCP1 are essential. Mutation of any of the core intracellular tyrosine residues (Y734, Y743, or Y762) abolished transformation, and mutation of a palmitoylation motif (C689,690G) strongly reduced it. Src kinase binding to CDCP1 was not required since Src with a defective SH2 domain generated even more CDCP1 dependent foci whereas Src myristoylation was necessary. Taken together, the focus formation assay allowed us to define structural requirements of CDCP1/Src dependent transformation and to characterize the interaction of CDCP1 and Src.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendlyn Kollmorgen
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Bossenmaier
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | | | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reiner Lammers
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
You J, Lee E, Bonilla L, Francis J, Koh J, Block J, Chen S, Hansen PJ. Treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 during the end of oocyte maturation improves oocyte competence for development after fertilization in cattle. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48613. [PMID: 23144909 PMCID: PMC3492449 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maturation of the oocyte involves nuclear and cytoplasmic changes that include post-translational processing of proteins. The objective was to investigate whether inhibition of proteasomes during maturation would alter competence of the bovine oocyte for fertilization and subsequent development. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were cultured in the presence or absence of the proteasomal inhibitor MG132 from either 0-6 h or 16-22 h after initiation of maturation. Treatment with MG132 early in maturation prevented progression to meiosis II and reduced fertilization rate and the proportion of oocytes and cleaved embryos that became blastocysts. Conversely, treatment with MG132 late in maturation improved the percentage of oocytes and cleaved embryos that became blastocysts without affecting nuclear maturation or fertilization rate. Optimal results with MG132 were achieved at a concentration of 10 µM - effects were generally not observed at lower or higher concentrations. Using proteomic analysis, it was found that MG132 at the end of maturation increased relative expression of 6 proteins and decreased relative expression of 23. Among those increased by MG132 that are potentially important for oocyte competence are GAPDH, involved in glycolysis, TUBA1C, needed for organellar movement, and two proteins involved in protein folding (P4HB and HYOU1). MG132 decreased amounts of several proteins that exert anti-apoptotic actions including ASNS, HSP90B1, PDIA3 and VCP. Another protein decreased by MG132, CDK5, can lead to apoptosis if aberrantly activated and one protein increased by MG132, P4HB, is anti-apoptotic. Finally, the pregnancy rate of cows receiving embryos produced from oocytes treated with MG132 from 16-22 h of maturation was similar to that for control embryos, suggesting that use of MG132 for production of embryos in vitro does not cause a substantial decrease in embryo quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung You
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
| | - Luciano Bonilla
- Department of Animal Sciences and D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jasmine Francis
- Department of Animal Sciences and D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jin Koh
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Dept. of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Block
- Department of Animal Sciences and D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Ovatech LLC, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sixue Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Dept. of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences and D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Jahn SC, Law ME, Corsino PE, Parker NN, Pham K, Davis BJ, Lu J, Law BK. An in vivo model of epithelial to mesenchymal transition reveals a mitogenic switch. Cancer Lett 2012; 326:183-90. [PMID: 22906417 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which differentiated epithelial cells transition to a mesenchymal phenotype. EMT enables the escape of epithelial cells from the rigid structural constraints of the tissue architecture to a phenotype more amenable to cell migration and, therefore, invasion and metastasis. We characterized an in vivo model of EMT and discovered that marked changes in mitogenic signaling occurred during this process. DNA microarray analysis revealed that the expression of a number of genes varied significantly between post-EMT and pre-EMT breast cancer cells. Post-EMT cancer cells upregulated mRNA encoding c-Met and the PDGF and LPA receptors, and acquired increased responsiveness to HGF, PDGF, and LPA. This rendered the post-EMT cells responsive to the growth inhibitory effects of HGF, PDGF, and LPA receptor inhibitors/antagonists. Furthermore, post-EMT cells exhibited decreased basal Raf and Erk phosphorylation, and in comparison to pre-EMT cells, their proliferation was poorly inhibited by a MEK inhibitor. These studies suggest that therapies need to be designed to target both pre-EMT and post-EMT cancer cells and that signaling changes in post-EMT cells may allow them to take advantage of paracrine signaling from the stroma in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan C Jahn
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|