51
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Zhu Y, Zeng S, Li B, McEllin AJ, Liao J, Fang Z, Xiao C, Bruce DW, Zhu W, Wang Y. Liquid-Crystalline Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence: Design, Synthesis, and Application in Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:15437-15447. [PMID: 35323008 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Realizing both high efficiency and liquid crystallinity in one molecule remains a challenge in thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emission. Herein, two isomeric compounds─m-DPSAc-LC and p-DPSAc-LC with different connection positions between donor and acceptor moieties─were synthesized and characterized. Diphenylsulfone (DPS) was used as the acceptor, acridine (Ac) was used as the donor, and biphenyl derivatives (LC) were employed as the mesogenic group. Both compounds showed a smectic mesophase evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and temperature-dependent small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The compound p-DPSAc-LC clearly exhibited thermally activated delayed fluorescence due to the much more distorted geometry, whereas m-DPSAc-LC showed simple fluorescence. Compared to the parent TADF molecules without appended mesogenic groups (DPS-Ac), these liquid-crystalline emitters possessed higher hole mobilities and improved device performance. The OLEDs fabricated via solution processing using the liquid-crystalline compound p-DPSAc showed a maximum external quantum efficiency of ∼15% and as such is the first example of a liquid-crystalline TADF material in an OLED device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Songkun Zeng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Alice J McEllin
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Junxu Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Zhou Fang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Chen Xiao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Duncan W Bruce
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
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52
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Yang Y, Liang Y, Zheng Y, Li J, Wu S, Zhang H, Huang T, Luo S, Liu C, Shi G, Sun F, Chi Z, Xu B. Efficient and Color‐Tunable Dual‐Mode Afterglow from Large‐Area and Flexible Polymer‐Based Transparent Films for Anti‐Counterfeiting and Information Encryption. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yang
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yaohui Liang
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yitao Zheng
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jian‐An Li
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Shiying Wu
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Huaqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Tepeng Huang
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Suilian Luo
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Guang Shi
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Fengqiang Sun
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Bingjia Xu
- School of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
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53
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Xu Z, Jiang Y, Shen Y, Tang L, Hu Z, Lin G, Law WC, Ma M, Dong B, Yong KT, Xu G, Tao Y, Chen R, Yang C. A biocompatible photosensitizer with a high intersystem crossing efficiency for precise two-photon photodynamic therapy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1283-1292. [PMID: 35170613 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01869h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic efficiency is strongly dependent on the generation rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the tissue penetration depth. Recent advances in materials science reveal that organic molecules with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) can potentially serve as efficient photosensitizers owing to their limited dark cytotoxicity and abundant triplet excitons upon light irradiation. In this study, we combine RTP materials with two-photon excitation to improve the ROS generation, therapeutic precision, and tissue penetration of photodynamic therapy. We successfully prepared a novel RTP-based photosensitizer (BF2DCz) with a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 47.7 ± 3% and a remarkable intersystem crossing efficiency of ∼90.3%. By encapsulation into the bovine serum albumin (BSA) matrix, BF2DCz-BSA exhibits excellent biocompatibility, negligible dark toxicity, and superior photostability. Excitation using a femtosecond laser causes BF2DCz-BSA to efficiently generate ROS and precisely exert cell damage at the desired location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhourui Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yihang Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Lele Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9th Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zulu Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Guimiao Lin
- Base for International Science and Technology Cooperation: Carson Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines R&D Center, Shenzhen Key Lab of Synthetic Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, 11th YukChoi Rd, Hong Hum, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Mingze Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Biqin Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688th Nanhai Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9th Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9th Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chengbin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, 1066th Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
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54
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Cui M, Dai P, Ding J, Li M, Sun R, Jiang X, Wu M, Pang X, Liu M, Zhao Q, Song B, He Y. Millisecond-Range Time-Resolved Bioimaging Enabled through Ultralong Aqueous Phosphorescence Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200172. [PMID: 35098631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Probes featuring room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are promising tools for time-resolved imaging. It is worth noting that the time scale of time-resolved bioimaging generally ranges around the microsecond level, because of the short-lived emission. Herein, the first example of millisecond-range time-resolved bioimaging is illustrated, which is enabled through a kind of ultralong aqueous phosphorescence probes (i.e., cyclo-(Arg-Gly-AspD-Tyr-Cys)-conjugated zinc-doped silica nanospheres), with a RTP emission lasting for ≈5 s and a lifetime as long as 743.7 ms. We demonstrate that live cells and deep tumor tissue in mice can be specifically targeted through immune-phosphorescence imaging, with a high signal-to-background ratio (SBR) value of ≈69 for in vitro imaging, and ≈627 for in vivo imaging, respectively. We further show that, compared to that of fluorescence imaging, the SBR enhancement of millisecond-range time-resolved in vivo bioimaging is up to 105 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Cui
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Peiling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays &, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) &, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiali Ding
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Manjing Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Menglin Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xueke Pang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays &, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) &, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bin Song
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yao He
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
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55
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Li F, Wang M, Liu S, Zhao Q. Halide-containing organic persistent luminescent materials for environmental sensing applications. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2184-2201. [PMID: 35310490 PMCID: PMC8864697 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06586f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Great progress has been made in the development of various organic persistent luminescent (OPL) materials in the past few years, and increasing attention has been paid to their interesting applications in environmental sensing due to their long emission lifetimes and high sensitivity. Especially, the introduction of different halogen elements facilitates highly efficient OPL emission with distinct lifetimes and colours. In this review, we summarize the current status of the halide-containing OPL materials for environmental sensing applications. To begin with, the photophysical processes and luminescence mechanisms of OPL materials are expounded in detail to better understand the relationship among molecular structures, OPL properties, and sensing applications. Then, representative halide-containing material systems, such as small molecules, polymers, and doping systems, are summarized with their interesting applications in sensing temperature, oxygen, H2O, UV light and organic solvents. In addition, several challenges and future research opportunities in this field are discussed. This review aims to provide some reasonable guidance on the material design of OPL sensors and their practical applications, and tries to provide a new perspective on the application direction of organic optoelectronics. This review presents a summary of the molecular design of halide-containing organic persistent luminescent materials, and their environmental sensing applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Mengzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China .,College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT) 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
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56
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Cui M, Dai P, Ding J, Li M, Sun R, Jiang X, Wu M, Pang X, Liu M, Zhao Q, Song B, He Y. Millisecond‐Range Time‐Resolved Bioimaging Enabled through Ultralong Aqueous Phosphorescence Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Cui
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Peiling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jiali Ding
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Manjing Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Rong Sun
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Menglin Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xueke Pang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Bin Song
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yao He
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Jiangsu Suzhou 215123 China
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57
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Fang F, Yuan Y, Wan Y, Li J, Song Y, Chen WC, Zhao D, Chi Y, Li M, Lee CS, Zhang J. Near-Infrared Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Nanoparticle: A Metal-Free Photosensitizer for Two-Photon-Activated Photodynamic Therapy at the Cell and Small Animal Levels. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106215. [PMID: 35018711 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with extremely small singlet-triplet energy offsets have opened new horizons for the development of metal-free photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in recent years. However, the exploration of near-infrared (NIR) TADF emitters for efficient two-photon-excited (TPE) PDT is still a formidable challenge, thus it has not been reported yet. In this study, purely organic photosensitizers (PSs) based on the TADF nanoparticles (NIR-TADF NPs) are designed for efficient TPE-PDT, which show excellent singlet oxygen generation ability. Thanks to the intrinsic two-photon excitation and NIR emission characteristics, the NIR-TADF NPs demonstrate promising potential in both single-photon-excited (SPE) and TPE NIR imaging. More importantly, the anti-tumor efficiency and biosafety of TADF-based PSs at the small animal level are confirmed in A549 tumor xenograft models under TPE laser irradiance, which will facilitate the practical biomedical applications of TADF materials. This work not only provides a promising strategy to develop metal-free PSs, but also expands the applied scope of TADF-based nanotherapeutics and advances their possible clinical translation in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yingpeng Wan
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yueyue Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Cheng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dongxu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yun Chi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Menglin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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58
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Liu H, Zhang K, Gao PF, Luo JH, Jiang YY, Zhou MS, Li T, Zhu XL, Fu HR. Realization of Single-Phase White-Light-Emitting Materials with Time-Evolution Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence by Coordination Assemblies. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1636-1643. [PMID: 34995446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two Cd-based supramolecular coordination polymers, [Cd3(CzIP)3(DMF)2] (1) and [Cd2(CzIP)2(DMF)4] (2), were synthesized by using 5-(carbazol-9-yl) isophthalate (CzIP) as ligands. These two compounds exhibit multiple luminescence emissions; apart from fluorescence, time- and temperature-dependent ultralong phosphorescence (RTP) were also achieved under room conditions. Significantly, compound 1 has a long-lived afterglow of 0.93 s at 545 nm under ambient conditions. Compound 2 shows nearly pure white-light emission with CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.33) via the dual emission of fluorescence and phosphorescence. It has come to our attention that it is the first example of a luminescent coordination polymer with single-phase white-light emission and color-evolution RTP. In addition, the long-lived RTP materials can be used in time-dependent anticounterfeiting and white-light-emitting diodes. Experimental and singlet and triplet state calculations indicate that both C-H···π interaction and inter- and intramolecular charge transfer interactions could be beneficial to the emission of ultralong RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Peng-Fu Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hua Luo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ying Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Meng-Shu Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, P. R. China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Li Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ru Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.,College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
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59
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Li X, Wang G, Li J, Sun Y, Deng X, Zhang K. Intense Organic Afterglow Enabled by Molecular Engineering in Dopant-Matrix Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1587-1600. [PMID: 34963292 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report intense dopant-matrix afterglow systems with an afterglow efficiency (ΦAG) of 47% and an afterglow lifetime (τAG) of 1.3 s. Luminescent difluoroboron β-diketonate (BF2bdk) dopants and their deuterated counterparts are designed with naphthalene and carboxylic acid groups. After doping into benzoic acid (BA) matrices, room-temperature afterglow brightness and afterglow duration of the BF2bdk-BA materials have unexpectedly been found to reach the levels of those at 77 K, which indicates that hydrogen bonding between BF2bdk and BA, as well as the deuteration technique, can reduce knr + kq of BF2bdk triplets to very small values even at room temperature. Detailed studies reveal that the BF2bdk possesses typical 1ICT characters in the S1 state and distinct 3LE composition in the T1 state, and thus shows a high ΦISC and a small kP to obtain a high ΦAG and a long τAG. Besides, triplet-triplet annihilation has been found in the dopant-matrix system at high doping concentrations to further increase ΦAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiuyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjian Deng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaka Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China
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Yan X, Peng H, Xiang Y, Wang J, Yu L, Tao Y, Li H, Huang W, Chen R. Recent Advances on Host-Guest Material Systems toward Organic Room Temperature Phosphorescence. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104073. [PMID: 34725921 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The design and characterization of purely organic room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials for optoelectronic applications is currently the focus of research in the field of organic electronics. Particularly, with the merits of preparation controllability and modulation flexibility, host-guest material systems are encouraging candidates that can prepare high-performance RTP materials. By regulating the interaction between host and guest molecules, it can effectively control the quantum efficiency, luminescent lifetime, and color of host-guest RTP materials, and even produce RTP emission with stimuli-responsive features, holding tremendous potential in diverse applications such as encryption and anti-counterfeiting, organic light-emitting diodes, sensing, optical recording, etc. Here a roundup of rapid achievement in construction strategies, molecule systems, and diversity of applications of host-guest material systems is outlined. Intrinsic correlations between the molecular properties and a survey of recent significant advances in the development of host-guest RTP materials divided into three systems including rigid matrix, exciplex, and sensitization are presented. Providing an insightful understanding of host-guest RTP materials and offering a promising platform for high throughput screening of RTP systems with inherent advantages of simple material preparation, low-cost, versatile resource, and controllably modulated properties for a wide range of applications is intended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuan Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710072, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Li Z, Yang XG, Zhang H, Zhang JR, Tian XK, Qin JH, Ma LF, Yan D. Near-infrared thermally activated delayed fluorescence of D–π-A–π-D difluoroboron complex for efficient singlet oxygen generation in aqueous media. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi01112c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
NIR TADF difluoroboron complex shows extremely small ΔEST, broad absorption range (350–650 nm), high 1O2 quantum yield (62%), and selective photodynamic killing of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of food and drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Gang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of food and drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Haining Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of food and drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Rui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of food and drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Ke Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of food and drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Huan Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of food and drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Fang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of food and drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
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Zhu J, Hu J, Hu Q, Zhang X, Ushakova EV, Liu K, Wang S, Chen X, Shan C, Rogach AL, Bai X. White Light Afterglow in Carbon Dots Achieved via Synergy between the Room-Temperature Phosphorescence and the Delayed Fluorescence. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2105415. [PMID: 34787363 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dot (CD) based long-lived afterglow emission materials have attracted attention in recent years, but demonstration of white-light room-temperature afterglow remains challenging, due to the difficulty of simultaneous generation of multiple long-lived excited states with distinct chromatic emission. In this work, a white-light room-temperature long-lived afterglow emission from a CD powder with a high efficiency of 5.8% and Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.396, 0.409) is realized. The afterglow of the CDs originates from a synergy between the phosphorescence of the carbon core and the delayed fluorescence associated with the surface CN moieties, which is accomplished by matching the singlet state of the surface groups of the CDs with the long-lived triplet state of the carbon core, resulting in an efficient energy transfer. It is demonstrated how the long-lived afterglow emission of CDs can be utilized for fabrication of white light emitting devices and in anticounterfeiting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Zhu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Hu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Elena V Ushakova
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, 49 Kronverksky Pr., Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Kaikai Liu
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shixun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chongxin Shan
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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Fang F, Zhu L, Li M, Song Y, Sun M, Zhao D, Zhang J. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Material: An Emerging Class of Metal-Free Luminophores for Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102970. [PMID: 34705318 PMCID: PMC8693050 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of simple, efficient, and biocompatible organic luminescent molecules is of great significance to the clinical transformation of biomaterials. In recent years, purely organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with an extremely small single-triplet energy gap (ΔEST ) have been considered as the most promising new-generation electroluminescence emitters, which is an enormous breakthrough in organic optoelectronics. By merits of the unique photophysical properties, high structure flexibility, and reduced health risks, such metal-free TADF luminophores have attracted tremendous attention in biomedical fields, including conventional fluorescence imaging, time-resolved imaging and sensing, and photodynamic therapy. However, there is currently no systematic summary of the TADF materials for biomedical applications, which is presented in this review. Besides a brief introduction of the major developments of TADF material, the typical TADF mechanisms and fundamental principles on design strategies of TADF molecules and nanomaterials are subsequently described. Importantly, a specific emphasis is placed on the discussion of TADF materials for various biomedical applications. Finally, the authors make a forecast of the remaining challenges and future developments. This review provides insightful perspectives and clear prospects towards the rapid development of TADF materials in biomedicine, which will be highly valuable to exploit new luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Yueyue Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Meng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Dongxu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life SciencesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081P. R. China
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Jiang YY, Zhang K, Zhou MS, Gao PF, Fu HR. A fluorescence/phosphorescence dual-emitting metal-organic framework exhibiting two approaches for single-phase white-light emission. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Jin J, Xue P, Zhang L, Jiang H, Wang W, Yang Q, Tao Y, Zheng C, Chen R, Huang W. Modulating Tri-Mode Emission for Single-Component White Organic Afterglow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24984-24990. [PMID: 34523785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Achieving single-component white organic afterglow remains a great challenge owing to the difficulties in simultaneously supporting long-lived emissions from varied excited states of a molecule for complementary afterglow. Here, an extraordinary tri-mode emission from the radiative decays of singlet (S1 ), triplet (T1 ), and stabilized triplet (T1 * ) excited states was proposed to afford white afterglow through modulating the singlet-triplet splitting energy (ΔEST ) and exciton trapping depth (ETD ). Low-lying T1 * for yellow afterglow was constructed by H-aggregation engineering with large ETD and trace isomer doping, while high-lying T1 and S1 for blue afterglow with thermally activated emission feature were realized by reducing ΔEST through donor-acceptor molecular design. Therefore, the single-component white afterglow with high efficiency of 14.1 % and a lifetime of 0.61 s was achieved by rationally regulating the afterglow intensity ratios of complementary emissions from S1 , T1 , and T1 *.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peiran Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Longyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - He Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an, 710072, China
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Tang S, Yang T, Zhao Z, Zhu T, Zhang Q, Hou W, Yuan WZ. Nonconventional luminophores: characteristics, advancements and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12616-12655. [PMID: 34610056 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01087a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonconventional luminophores devoid of remarkable conjugates have attracted considerable attention due to their unique luminescence behaviors, updated luminescence mechanism of organics and promising applications in optoelectronic, biological and medical fields. Unlike classic luminogens consisting of molecular segments with greatly extended electron delocalization, these unorthodox luminophores generally possess nonconjugated structures based on subgroups such as ether (-O-), hydroxyl (-OH), halogens, carbonyl (CO), carboxyl (-COOH), cyano (CN), thioether (-S-), sulfoxide (SO), sulfone (OSO), phosphate, and aliphatic amine, as well as their grouped functionalities like amide, imide, anhydride and ureido. They can exhibit intriguing intrinsic luminescence, generally featuring concentration-enhanced emission, aggregation-induced emission, excitation-dependent luminescence and prevailing phosphorescence. Herein, we review the recent progress in exploring these nonconventional luminophores and discuss the current challenges and future perspectives. Notably, different mechanisms are reviewed and the clustering-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism is highlighted, which emphasizes the clustering of the above mentioned electron rich moieties and consequent electron delocalization along with conformation rigidification. The CTE mechanism seems widely applicable for diversified natural, synthetic and supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saixing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Tianjia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zihao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Tianwen Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wubeiwen Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Wang Zhang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Rd., Minhang, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Xu M, Liu J, Su X, Zhou Q, Yuan H, Wen Y, Cheng Y, Li F. Lanthanide-containing persistent luminescence materials with superbright red afterglow and excellent solution processability. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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68
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Wang H, Xiao Y, Xie Z, Sun H, Zhang X, Wang J, Huang R. 2-Hydroxybenzophenone Derivatives: ESIPT Fluorophores Based on Switchable Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds and Excitation Energy-Dependent Emission. Front Chem 2021; 9:766179. [PMID: 34738006 PMCID: PMC8560898 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.766179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a new series of 2-hydroxybenzophenone (BPOH) derivatives, BPOH-TPA, BPOH-PhCz, and BPOH-SF substituting with different electron-donating groups are designed and synthesized. Dual-emission spectra are observed in solutions indicating their excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) character. In solid states, all compounds exhibit a broad emission spectrum when excited at low excitation energy, deriving from the enol-type form stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Compound BPOH-TPA shows a clear excitation wavelength dependence. However, such behavior is absent in BPOH-PhCz and BPOH-SF, as the rigid and weaker donor moieties may restrict this process. Furthermore, by increasing the excitation energy, dual emission with a high-energy band ranging from 550 to 582 nm and a low-energy band ranging from 625 to 638 nm is obtained in all three molecules. The photophysical studies and single-crystal analyses are performed to further illustrate the excitation-dependent emission. Higher excitation energies can promote more excitons to keto forms via ESIPT, giving a stronger redshifted emission. BPOH-TPA with a stronger donor strength exhibits an obvious color change gradually from yellow to orange-red with the increasing excitation power from 1 to 15 mW/cm2. This study provides a novel example of ESIPT materials with tunable emission colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxin Xiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, China
| | - Zongliang Xie
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, China
| | - Haodong Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, China
| | - Xiayu Zhang
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, China
| | - Rongjuan Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) and Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an, China
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Xue P, Wang X, Wang W, Zhang J, Wang Z, Jin J, Zheng C, Li P, Xie G, Chen R. Solution-Processable Chiral Boron Complexes for Circularly Polarized Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:47826-47834. [PMID: 34587742 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) molecules, especially those with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) properties, have attracted considerable attention due to their great potential for chiroptical organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices. Here we developed a new pair of TADF emitters with CPL based on boron complexes using chiral donor (cD) binaphthalene, acceptor (A) biphenyl boron β-diketonate, and donor (D) biphenylamine in a cD-A-D architecture. With this design, both efficient intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and chiral ICT for high-performance CPL were established, leading to high dissymmetry factors (|glum|) up to 2.2 × 10-3 in solution and significantly red-shifted emission around 600 nm for red TADF with a quantum yield over 15% in doped films. More impressively, with these chiral TADF emitters, solution-processed red circularly polarized OLEDs (CP-OLEDs) exhibit external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) up to 2.0% and efficient circularly polarized electroluminescence with dissymmetry factors of 2.6 × 10-3, which are among the best performances of the reported solution-processed orange-red and red TADF CP-OLEDs. These results illustrate the great success of the cD-A-D strategy in designing high-performance CPL TADF emitters with axially chiral boron complexes, providing important clues to understand efficient chiral transfer for large |glum| values and high device performance of CP-OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiran Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Wuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Jibiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelec-tronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nan-jing 210023, China
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Jin J, Xue P, Zhang L, Jiang H, Wang W, Yang Q, Tao Y, Zheng C, Chen R, Huang W. Modulating Tri‐Mode Emission for Single‐Component White Organic Afterglow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jibiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Peiran Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Longyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - He Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi an 710072 China
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71
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Yang T, Wang Y, Duan J, Wei S, Tang S, Yuan WZ. Time-Dependent Afterglow from a Single Component Organic Luminogen. RESEARCH 2021; 2021:9757460. [PMID: 34549184 PMCID: PMC8422276 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9757460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pure organic luminogens with long-persistent luminescence have been extensively studied, on account of their fundamental research significance and diverse utilizations in anticounterfeiting, bioimaging, encryption, organic light-emitting diodes, chemo-sensing, etc. However, time-dependent color-tunable afterglow is rarely reported, especially for single-component materials. In this work, we reported an organic luminogen with time-dependent afterglow, namely, benzoyleneurea (BEU), with multiple persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (p-RTP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in single crystals. While the lifetime of TADF is relatively short (~1.2 ms), those for p-RTP are as long as around 369~754 ms. The comparable but different decay rates of diversified p-RTP emissions endow BEU crystals with obvious time-dependent afterglow. The existence of multiple emissions can be reasonably illustrated by the clustering-triggered emission (CTE) mechanism. Single-crystal structure illustrates that the combination of benzene ring and nonconventional chromophores of ureide helps facilitate divergent intermolecular interactions, which contribute to the formation of varying emissive species. Moreover, its methyl- and chloro-substituted derivatives show similar multiple p-RTP emissions. However, no time-dependent afterglows are observed in their crystals, due to the highly approaching lifetimes. The afterglow color variation of BEU crystals grants its applications in advanced anticounterfeiting field and information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yunzhong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jixuan Duan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuangyu Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Saixing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wang Zhang Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Lab of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Aging, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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72
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Yang J, Zhang Y, Wu X, Dai W, Chen D, Shi J, Tong B, Peng Q, Xie H, Cai Z, Dong Y, Zhang X. Rational design of pyrrole derivatives with aggregation-induced phosphorescence characteristics for time-resolved and two-photon luminescence imaging. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4883. [PMID: 34385449 PMCID: PMC8361132 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure organic room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have been suggested to be promising bioimaging materials due to their good biocompatibility and long emission lifetime. Herein, we report a class of RTP materials. These materials are developed through the simple introduction of an aromatic carbonyl to a tetraphenylpyrrole molecule and also exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. These molecules show non-emission in solution and purely phosphorescent emission in the aggregated state, which are desirable properties for biological imaging. Highly crystalline nanoparticles can be easily fabricated with a long emission lifetime (20 μs), which eliminate background fluorescence interference from cells and tissues. The prepared nanoparticles demonstrate two-photon absorption characteristics and can be excited by near infrared (NIR) light, making them promising materials for deep-tissue optical imaging. This integrated aggregation-induced phosphorescence (AIP) strategy diversifies the existing pool of bioimaging agents to inspire the development of bioprobes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghui Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Peng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Xie
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuping Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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73
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Li S, Fu L, Xiao X, Geng H, Liao Q, Liao Y, Fu H. Regulation of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence to Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Emission Channels by Controlling the Excited-States Dynamics via J- and H-Aggregation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18059-18064. [PMID: 34075684 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Control of excited-state dynamics is key in tuning room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emissions but is challenging for organic luminescent materials (OLMs). We show the regulation of TADF and RTP emissions of a boron difluoride β-acetylnaphthalene chelate (βCBF2 ) by controlling the excited-state dynamics via its J- and H-aggregation states. Two crystalline polymorphs emitting green and red light have been controllably obtained. Although both monoclinic, the green and red crystals are dominated by J- and H-aggregation, respectively, owing to different molecular packing arrangements. J-aggregation significantly reduces the energy gap between the lowest singlet and triplet excited states for ultra-fast reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) and enhances the radiative singlet decay, together leading to TADF. The H-aggregation accelerates the ISC and suppresses the radiative singlet decay, helping to stabilize the triplet exciton for RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Institute of Molecule Plus, Scholl of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Liyuan Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hua Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yi Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Institute of Molecule Plus, Scholl of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300072, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
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74
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Hasan N, Ma Z, Liu J, Li Z, Qian C, Liu Y, Chen M, Jiang H, Jia X, Ma Z. Selective Expression of a Carbazole-Phenothiazine Derivative Leads to Dual-mode AIEE, TADF and Distinctive Mechanochromism. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2093-2098. [PMID: 34318995 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we report a newly designed D-A-D' derivative (CNCzPTZ), which displays selective expression of chromophores. This enables CNCzPTZ with solvatochromism, rare dual-mode AIEE properties, solid-state dual-emissions with phosphorescence and distinctive mechanochromism.CNCzPTZ exhibits dual-mode AIEE properties, since the emission band abruptly shifts from 550 nm to 500 nm as the water fraction increases. In the crystalline state, CNCzPTZ demonstrated dual emission bands of 478 nm and 538 nm.CNCzPTZ shows distinctive mechanochromic property in the solid state due to the planarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numan Hasan
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- National high-tech industrial development zone in Jingdezhen, Jingdezhen, 333000, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zewei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chen Qian
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xinru Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and, Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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75
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Wang X, Sun Y, Wang G, Li J, Li X, Zhang K. TADF-Type Organic Afterglow. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17138-17147. [PMID: 34060200 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report a highly efficient dopant-matrix afterglow system enabled by TADF mechanism to realize afterglow quantum yields of 60-70 %, which features a moderate rate constant for reverse intersystem crossing (kRISC ) to simultaneously improve afterglow quantum yields and maintain afterglow emission lifetime. Difluoroboron β-diketonate (BF2 bdk) compounds are designed with multiple electron-donating groups to possess moderate kRISC values and are selected as luminescent dopants. The matrices with carbonyl functional groups such as phenyl benzoate (PhB) have been found to interact with and perturb BF2 bdk excited states by dipole-dipole interactions and thus enhance the intersystem crossing of BF2 bdk excited states. Through dopant-matrix collaboration, the efficient TADF-type afterglow materials have been achieved to exhibit excellent processability into desired shapes and large-area films by melt casting, as well as aqueous afterglow dispersions for potential bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Jiuyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xun Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Kaka Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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76
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Zhang J, Xu S, Wang Z, Xue P, Wang W, Zhang L, Shi Y, Huang W, Chen R. Stimuli-Responsive Deep-Blue Organic Ultralong Phosphorescence with Lifetime over 5 s for Reversible Water-Jet Anti-Counterfeiting Printing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17094-17101. [PMID: 34002451 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Organic ultralong room temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials with photophysical properties sensitive to external stimulus are highly attractive for advanced applications. However, most OURTP molecules are in crystal and OURTP materials with good practicability and stimulus-responsive character are hard to be achieved. Here, we report, for the first time, the highly efficient, ultralong-lived and deep-blue OURTP materials by simply doping boron phosphor into cyanuric acid host. Host-guest OURTP composites with abundant and tunable H-bond network are highly stable in air with ultralong lifetime of 5.08 s at room temperature. They are sensitive to water, which can strength the H-bond network to significantly enhance OURTP quantum yield from 16.1 % to 37.6 %. Anti-counterfeiting paper was easily prepared for water-jet printing; the jet-printed high-resolution OURTP patterns can be easily erased by solvent fuming for another printing/erasing cycle with high reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peiran Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Longyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an, 710072, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
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77
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Li S, Fu L, Xiao X, Geng H, Liao Q, Liao Y, Fu H. Regulation of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence to Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Emission Channels by Controlling the Excited‐States Dynamics via J‐ and H‐Aggregation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Institute of Molecule Plus, Scholl of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Liyuan Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Hua Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Yi Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Institute of Molecule Plus, Scholl of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices Department of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China
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78
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Ma YJ, Fang X, Xiao G, Lu B, Yan D. Triple-mode tunable long-persistent luminescence in a 3D zinc-organic hybrid. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6684-6687. [PMID: 34132269 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02389f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A 3D zinc-organic hybrid [Zn3(D-Cam)3(tib)2]·2H2O (1) exhibits triple-mode dependent (including excitation wavelength, time and temperature) long-persistent luminescence. Experimental and theoretical calculations support that the long lifetime and color-tunable afterglow may be due to the dispersive electronic state distribution. Furthermore, the hybrid is also used for optical anti-counterfeiting and information encryption applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Juan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoyu Fang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
| | - Guowei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China. and Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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79
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80
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Zhang J, Xu S, Wang Z, Xue P, Wang W, Zhang L, Shi Y, Huang W, Chen R. Stimuli‐Responsive Deep‐Blue Organic Ultralong Phosphorescence with Lifetime over 5 s for Reversible Water‐Jet Anti‐Counterfeiting Printing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Peiran Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wuji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Longyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yuqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi an 710072 China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 China
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81
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Wang Y, Gao H, Yang J, Fang M, Ding D, Tang BZ, Li Z. High Performance of Simple Organic Phosphorescence Host-Guest Materials and their Application in Time-Resolved Bioimaging. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007811. [PMID: 33772942 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study of purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) has drawn increasing attention because of its considerable theoretical research and practical application value. Currently, organic RTP materials with both high efficiency (ΦP > 20%) and a long lifetime (τP > 10 s) in air are still scarce due to the lack of related design guidance. Here, a new strategy to increase the phosphorescence performance of organic materials by integrating the RTP host and RTP guest in one doping system to form a triplet exciplex, is reported. With these materials, the high-contrast labeling of tumors in living mice and encrypted patterns in thermal printing are both successfully realized by taking advantage of both the long afterglow time (up to 25 min in aqueous media) and high phosphorescence efficiency (43%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Heqi Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Manman Fang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Zhen Li
- Institute of Molecular Aggregation Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore, Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
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82
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Zheng H, Cao P, Wang Y, Lu X, Wu P. Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence from Boric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9500-9506. [PMID: 33594791 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
For a long time, phosphors with long-lived emission are dominated by rare earth/transition metal ion-doped sulfides and oxides. Recently, organic materials capable of emitting long-lived room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are reported, carbon skeletons are almost the exclusive structural feature of the conjugated luminophores. Herein, we reported that boric acid, a non-metal and C-free material, could emit RTP with lifetime up to 0.3 s. Detailed investigations indicated the weak conjugation between the n electrons of the O atoms in the B-O confined space was the possible origin of RTP. Similar RTP was also found in electron-rich N/F systems, namely, BN and BF3 (BF4 - ). Importantly, the vacant p z 0 orbital of B was found to contribute to the relevant unoccupied molecular orbitals involved in excitation, which is different from previous reports on phosphorescence from arylboronic acids. The results confirm the unique role of B as a versatile structure motif for construction of new RTP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Peisheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yanying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.,Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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83
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Zhou B, Xiao G, Yan D. Boosting Wide-Range Tunable Long-Afterglow in 1D Metal-Organic Halide Micro/Nanocrystals for Space/Time-Resolved Information Photonics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007571. [PMID: 33687769 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular afterglow materials with ultralong-lived excited states have attracted considerable interest owing to their promise for light-emitting devices, optical imaging, and anti-counterfeiting applications. However, the realization of ultralong afterglow emission in low-dimensional micro/nanostructures has remained an open challenge, limiting progress toward new-generation photonic applications. In this work, new types of mono/binuclear metal-organic halide micro/nanocrystals with tunable afterglow properties, made possibly by the rational control over both ultralong-lived room-temperature phosphorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence, are developed. Interestingly, the mono/binuclear coordination complexes present excitation-dependent luminescence across a wide range (wavelength > 150 nm) with broad emission color differences from blue to yellow owing to the multiple long-lived excited states. The 1D binuclear metal-organic microrods further exhibit excitation-dependent optical waveguide and space/time dual-resolved afterglow emission properties, endowing them with great potential in wavelength-division multiplexing information photonics and logic gates. Therefore, this work not only communicates the first example of wide-range tunable ultralong afterglow of low-dimensional metal-organic micro/nanocrystals under ambient conditions but also provides a new route to achieve optical communications and photonic logic compilation at the micro/nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
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84
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Zheng H, Cao P, Wang Y, Lu X, Wu P. Ultralong Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Boric Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Peisheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Yanying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaomei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Analytical & Testing Center Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of MOE College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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85
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Miao Y, Liu S, Ma L, Yang W, Li J, Lv J. Ultralong and Color-Tunable Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Based on Commercial Melamine for Anticounterfeiting and Information Recognition. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4075-4083. [PMID: 33577298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Advances have been made in the research on color-tunable organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) materials. Due to the high cost of raw materials, complex and strict synthesis conditions, and low yields, it is hard to obtain cheap commercial OURTP materials within a short time. Therefore, it is of practical significance to research and develop new OURTP functions based on commercialized organic materials. In this study, the OURTP characteristics of melamine (MEL), a kind of commercially available, cheap, and pure organic material, were investigated and explored. MEL was found with color-tunable and excellent OURTP, the average lifetime can reach 0.74 s, and the phosphorescence quantum yield can reach 17%. Since the ratio of molecular phosphorescence of MEL to the ultralong phosphorescence mediated by H-aggregation differs with the excitation wavelength and their luminescence life spans are also different, the color of OURTP materials is dependent on both excitation wavelength and time. Moreover, the OURTP characteristics of MEL can be utilized in anticounterfeiting and information identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Miao
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
| | - Shuying Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
| | - Wenli Yang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
| | - Jinyao Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
| | - Jinzhi Lv
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
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86
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Bhatia H, Dey S, Ray D. Effect of π···π Interactions of Donor Rings on Persistent Room-Temperature Phosphorescence in D 4-A Conjugates and Data Security Application. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3858-3865. [PMID: 33585764 PMCID: PMC7876834 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with persistent RTP (PRTP) have attracted huge interest in inks, bioimaging, and photodynamic therapy. However, the design principle to increase the lifetime of organic molecules is underdeveloped. Herein, we show donor(D4)-acceptor(A) molecules (TOEPh, TOCPh, TOMPh, TOF and TOPh) with similar orientation of donor rings in aggregates that cause a large number of noncovalent interactions. We observed that TOEPh, TOCPh, TOMPh and TOF showed PRTP, whereas TOPh showed only phosphorescence emission (ΦP = ∼11%) with no PRTP property at ambient conditions. The spectroscopic and single-crystal X-ray analyses confirm the molecular assembly via J-aggregation with a face-to-face orientation of the donor rings. The crystal structure analysis (TOEPh, TOCPh, TOMPh, TOF) reveals that moderate π···π interactions (3.706 to 4.065 Å) between the donor rings cause the enhancement of the phosphorescence lifetime (26 to 245 ms), whereas the short phosphorescence lifetime (12 ms) of TOPh was observed because of the absence of π···π interactions. We found that TOEPh shows a long lifetime (245 ms) as compared to other derivatives because of the presence of ethoxy (-OEt) groups that enables spin-orbit coupling caused by strong lone pair (O)···π interactions present in the molecule. Utilizing the PRTP feature of TOEPh and the fluorescence emission of TOPh, we have shown data security applications in poly(methyl methacrylate).
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87
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Jiang H, Jin J, Wang Z, Wang W, Chen R, Tao Y, Xue Q, Zheng C, Xie G, Huang W. Constructing Donor-Resonance-Donor Molecules for Acceptor-Free Bipolar Organic Semiconductors. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:9525802. [PMID: 38617381 PMCID: PMC11014465 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9525802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors with bipolar transporting character are highly attractive as they offer the possibility to achieve high optoelectronic performance in simple device structures. However, the continual efforts in preparing bipolar materials are focusing on donor-acceptor (D-A) architectures by introducing both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing units into one molecule in static molecular design principles. Here, we report a dynamic approach to construct bipolar materials using only electron-donating carbazoles connected by N-P=X resonance linkages in a donor-resonance-donor (D-r-D) structure. By facilitating the stimuli-responsive resonance variation, these D-r-D molecules exhibit extraordinary bipolar properties by positively charging one donor of carbazole in enantiotropic N+=P-X- canonical forms for electron transport without the involvement of any acceptors. With thus realized efficient and balanced charge transport, blue and deep-blue phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes hosted by these D-r-D molecules show high external quantum efficiencies up to 16.2% and 18.3% in vacuum-deposited and spin-coated devices, respectively. These results via the D-r-D molecular design strategy represent an important concept advance in constructing bipolar organic optoelectronic semiconductors dynamically for high-performance device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jibiao Jin
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wuji Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qin Xue
- Department of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Sauvage Center for Molecular Sciences, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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88
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Li X, Shen S, Zhang C, Liu M, Lu J, Zhu L. Small-molecule based thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials with dual-emission characteristics. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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89
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Xu A, Wang G, Li Y, Dong H, Yang S, He P, Ding G. Carbon-Based Quantum Dots with Solid-State Photoluminescent: Mechanism, Implementation, and Application. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004621. [PMID: 33145929 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based quantum dots (CQDs), including spherical carbon dots and graphene quantum dots, are an emerging class of photoluminescent (PL) materials with unique properties. Great progress has been made in the design and fabrication of high-performance CQDs, however, the challenge of developing solid-state PL CQDs have aroused great interest among researchers. A clear PL mechanism is the basis for the development of high-performance solid-state CQDs for light emission and is also a prerequisite for the realization of multiple practical applications. However, the extremely complex structure of a CQD greatly limits the understanding of the solid-state PL mechanism of CQDs. So far, a variety of models have been proposed to explain the PL of solid-state CQDs, but they have not been unified. This review summarizes the current understanding of the solid-state PL of solid-state CQDs from the perspective of energy band theory and electronic transitions. In addition, the common strategies for realizing solid-state PL in CQDs are also summarized. Furthermore, the applications of CQDs in the fields of light-emitting devices, anti-counterfeiting, fingerprint detection, etc., are proposed. Finally, a brief outlook is given, highlighting current problems, and directions for development of solid-state PL of CQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anli Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Department of Microelectronic Science and Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Siwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Peng He
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guqiao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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90
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Yin Z, Gu M, Ma H, Jiang X, Zhi J, Wang Y, Yang H, Zhu W, An Z. Molecular Engineering through Control of Structural Deformation for Highly Efficient Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2058-2063. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yin
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
- College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 China
| | - Mingxing Gu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xueyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Jiahuan Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Yafei Wang
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
| | - Huifang Yang
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
- College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
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91
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Yin Z, Gu M, Ma H, Jiang X, Zhi J, Wang Y, Yang H, Zhu W, An Z. Molecular Engineering through Control of Structural Deformation for Highly Efficient Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yin
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
- College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 China
| | - Mingxing Gu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xueyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Jiahuan Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Yafei Wang
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
| | - Huifang Yang
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- National Experimental Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications School of Materials Science & Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
- College of Chemistry Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105 China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
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92
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Guo W, Wang X, Zhou B, Zhang K. Achieving Purely-Organic Room-Temperature Aqueous Phosphorescence via a Two-Component Macromolecular Self-Assembly Strategy. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3469-3474. [PMID: 32909394 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Manipulation of supramolecular behaviors and aggregation states represents an important topic in devising intriguing photofunctional systems. Here we report a two-component macromolecular self-assembly strategy for achieving aqueous room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in purely organic systems. Amphiphilic triblock copolymers are used to modulate the self-assembly of planar RTP molecules in aqueous solution, leading to the formation of sheet-like RTP objects with well-defined morphology, uniform crystalline nanostructures and excellent aqueous dispersity. In contrast, the addition of the planar RTP molecules into aqueous medium only leads to precipitation and quenching of RTP properties. Powder X-ray diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the amphiphilic triblock copolymers can assist supramolecular columnar packing of the planar RTP molecules where multiple non-covalent interactions stabilize the triplet excited states. Interestingly, it is found that luminescent signals of the sheet-like RTP objects can be extracted from strong fluorescent environments by phosphorescence mode and emission lifetime measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xuepu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Bei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Kaka Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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93
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Design of highly efficient deep-blue organic afterglow through guest sensitization and matrices rigidification. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4802. [PMID: 32968080 PMCID: PMC7511363 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Blue/deep-blue emission is crucial for organic optoelectronics but remains a formidable challenge in organic afterglow due to the difficulties in populating and stabilizing the high-energy triplet excited states. Here, a facile strategy to realize the efficient deep-blue organic afterglow is proposed via host molecules to sensitize the triplet exciton population of guest and water implement to suppress the non-radiative decays by matrices rigidification. A series of highly luminescent deep-blue (405–428 nm) organic afterglow materials with lifetimes up to 1.67 s and quantum yields of 46.1% are developed. With these high-performance water-responsive materials, lifetime-encrypted rewritable paper has been constructed for water-jet printing of high-resolution anti-counterfeiting patterns that can retain for a long time (>1 month) and be erased by dimethyl sulfoxide vapor in 15 min with high reversibility for many write/erase cycles. These results provide a foundation for the design of high-efficient blue/deep-blue organic afterglow and stimuli-responsive materials with remarkable applications. Though realizing organic materials with deep blue emission is attractive for next-generation display technologies, achieving this emission in afterglow molecules remains a challenge. Here, the authors report blue organic afterglow via a strategy involving guest sensitization and matrix rigidification.
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94
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Jiang H, Cao Y, Yang Q, Xian L, Tao Y, Chen R, Huang W. Organic Resonance Materials: Molecular Design, Photophysical Properties, and Optoelectronic Applications. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7739-7754. [PMID: 32804505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic optoelectronic molecules with resonance effects are a striking class of functional materials that have witnessed booming progress in recent years. Various resonances induced by particularly constructed molecular structures can effectively influence key photophysical processes to afford particular optoelectronic properties of the organic resonance materials. The charge transport behaviors were tuned to be dynamic and self-adaptive; emission spectra were made to be very narrow with high color purity; optical bandgaps were significantly reduced, and intersystem crossing was greatly promoted. Therefore, great success has been achieved in various optoelectronic devices by using organic resonance materials to function as smart host materials with high triplet energies, highly luminescent emitters with high quantum yields and narrow emission bands, efficient organic afterglow molecules, and sensitive fluorescent probes. In this Perspective, material design principles, molecular structures and properties, and device performance of organic resonance materials are highlighted and future directions and challenges for this series of amazing materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lijie Xian
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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95
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Yang Z, Xu C, Li W, Mao Z, Ge X, Huang Q, Deng H, Zhao J, Gu FL, Zhang Y, Chi Z. Boosting the Quantum Efficiency of Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence up to 52 % via Intramolecular Halogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17451-17455. [PMID: 32638499 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ultralong organic phosphorescence (UOP) has attracted increasing attention due to its potential applications in optoelectronics, bioelectronics, and security protection. However, achieving UOP with high quantum efficiency (QE) over 20 % is still full of challenges due to intersystem crossing (ISC) and fast non-radiative transitions in organic molecules. Here, we present a novel strategy to enhance the QE of UOP materials by modulating intramolecular halogen bonding via structural isomerism. The QE of CzS2Br reaches up to 52.10 %, which is the highest afterglow efficiency reported so far. The crucial reason for the extraordinary QE is intramolecular halogen bonding, which can not only effectively enhance ISC by promoting spin-orbit coupling, but also greatly confine motions of excited molecules to restrict non-radiative pathways. This work provides a reasonable strategy to develop highly efficient UOP materials for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yang
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenlang Li
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhu Mao
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiangyu Ge
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qiuyi Huang
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Huangjun Deng
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Feng Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology, Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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96
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Yang Z, Xu C, Li W, Mao Z, Ge X, Huang Q, Deng H, Zhao J, Gu FL, Zhang Y, Chi Z. Boosting the Quantum Efficiency of Ultralong Organic Phosphorescence up to 52 % via Intramolecular Halogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yang
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education School of Chemistry & Environment South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Wenlang Li
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhu Mao
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xiangyu Ge
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Qiuyi Huang
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Huangjun Deng
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Feng Long Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment Ministry of Education School of Chemistry & Environment South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films State Key Laboratory of OEMT School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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97
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Wu Y, Zhao Y, Zhou P, Zheng D, Wang H, Tang S, Tian J, Yang S, Deng W, Han K, Song F. Enhancing Intersystem Crossing to Achieve Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in a Water-Soluble Fluorescein Derivative with a Flexible Propenyl Group. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5692-5698. [PMID: 32568552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is a challenge to rationally design an organic molecule with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) due to the intrinsically spin-forbidden transition. Meanwhile, those reported TADF organic molecules have difficulty to be directly applied in the field of biological and medical imaging because they usually have no water solubility. Here, a water-soluble TADF organic molecule DCF-BXJ was developed by introducing a flexible propenyl group into the commercial traditional fluorophore DCF (2,7-dichlorofluorescein). The flexible group provides nonradiative rotational motion, which causes an efficient energy level cross between the S1 state and the T2 state of DCF-BXJ. Results of transient absorption spectra and theoretical calculations supported that nonradiative rotational motion of the flexible group can enhance intersystem crossing (ISC) and bring out TADF. This work provides a new mechanism explanation for TADF existing in organic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Wu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yanliang Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Daoyuan Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Honglei Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Shanliang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, High-tech District, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jiarui Tian
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Songqiu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Weiqiao Deng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Keli Han
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Fengling Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, High-tech District, Dalian 116024, China
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98
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Tang L, Zan J, Peng H, Yan X, Tao Y, Tian D, Yang Q, Li H, Chen Q, Huang W, Chen R. X-ray excited ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence for organic afterglow scintillators. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13559-13562. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05389a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An X-ray excited organic afterglow scintillator is realized by embedding lone-pair electron involved n–π* transitions and charge transfer characters into H-aggregations.
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99
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Tao Y, Tang L, Wei Q, Jin J, Hu W, Chen R, Yang Q, Li H, Li P, Xing G, Fan Q, Zheng C, Huang W. Near-Infrared-Excitable Organic Ultralong Phosphorescence through Multiphoton Absorption. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2020; 2020:2904928. [PMID: 33623903 PMCID: PMC7877391 DOI: 10.34133/2020/2904928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Organic ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (OURTP) with a long-lived triplet excited state up to several seconds has triggered widespread research interests, but most OURTP materials are excited by only ultraviolet (UV) or blue light owing to their unique stabilized triplet- and solid-state emission feature. Here, we demonstrate that near-infrared- (NIR-) excitable OURTP molecules can be rationally designed by implanting intra/intermolecular charge transfer (CT) characteristics into H-aggregation to stimulate the efficient nonlinear multiphoton absorption (MPA). The resultant upconverted MPA-OURTP show ultralong lifetimes over 0.42 s and a phosphorescence quantum yield of ~37% under both UV and NIR light irradiation. Empowered by the extraordinary MPA-OURTP, novel applications including two-photon bioimaging, visual laser power detection and excitation, and lifetime multiplexing encryption devices were successfully realized. These discoveries illustrate not only a delicate design map for the construction of NIR-excitable OURTP materials but also insightful guidance for exploring OURTP-based nonlinear optoelectronic properties and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lele Tang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jibiao Jin
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenbo Hu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Runfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guichuan Xing
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Quli Fan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072 Shaanxi, China
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