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Xu Y, Xu R, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Shen Q, Ji W, Dang D, Meng L, Tang BZ. Recent advances in luminescent materials for super-resolution imaging via stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:667-690. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress on STED fluorophores for super-resolution imaging and also their characteristics are outlined here, thus providing some guidelines to select proper probes and even develop new materials for super-resolution imaging via STED nanoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzi Xu
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiao Tong University
- Xi'an 710049
| | - Ruohan Xu
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiao Tong University
- Xi'an 710049
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiao Tong University
- Xi'an 710049
| | - Yu Zhou
- Instrumental Analysis Center
- Xi'an Jiao Tong University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Qifei Shen
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiao Tong University
- Xi'an 710049
| | - Wenchen Ji
- Department of Orthopedics
- the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
- P. R. China
| | - Dongfeng Dang
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiao Tong University
- Xi'an 710049
| | - Lingjie Meng
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry
- MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiao Tong University
- Xi'an 710049
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Clear Water Bay
- Kowloon
- P. R. China
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Duranova H, Valkova V, Knazicka Z, Olexikova L, Vasicek J. Mitochondria: A worthwhile object for ultrastructural qualitative characterization and quantification of cells at physiological and pathophysiological states using conventional transmission electron microscopy. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151646. [PMID: 33128989 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic intracellular organelles with ultrastructural heterogeneity reflecting the behaviour and functions of the cells. The ultrastructural remodelling, performed by the counteracting active processes of mitochondrial fusion and fission, enables the organelles to respond to diverse cellular requirements and cues. It is also an important part of mechanisms underlying adaptation of mitochondria to pathophysiological conditions that challenge the cell homeostasis. However, if the stressor is constantly acting, the adaptive capacity of the cell can be exceeded and defective changes in mitochondrial morphology (indicating the insufficient functionality of mitochondria or development of mitochondrial disorders) may appear. Beside qualitative description of mitochondrial ultrastructure, stereological principles concerning the estimation of alterations in mitochondrial volume density or surface density are invaluable approaches for unbiased quantification of cells under physiological or pathophysiological conditions. In order to improve our understanding of cellular functions and dysfunctions, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) still remains a gold standard for qualitative and quantitative ultrastructural examination of mitochondria from various cell types, as well as from those experienced to different stimuli or toxicity-inducing factors. In the current study, general morphological and functional features of mitochondria, and their ultrastructural heterogeneity related to physiological and pathophysiological states of the cells are reviewed. Moreover, stereological approaches for accurate quantification of mitochondrial ultrastructure from electron micrographs taken from TEM are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Duranova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Veronika Valkova
- AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Knazicka
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Olexikova
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, NPPC - Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaromir Vasicek
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic; Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Reproduction, NPPC - Research Institute for Animal Production in Nitra, Hlohovecká 2, 951 41 Lužianky, Slovak Republic
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53
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Zhou J, Del Rosal B, Jaque D, Uchiyama S, Jin D. Advances and challenges for fluorescence nanothermometry. Nat Methods 2020; 17:967-980. [PMID: 32989319 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-0957-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nanothermometers can probe changes in local temperature in living cells and in vivo and reveal fundamental insights into biological properties. This field has attracted global efforts in developing both temperature-responsive materials and detection procedures to achieve sub-degree temperature resolution in biosystems. Recent generations of nanothermometers show superior performance to earlier ones and also offer multifunctionality, enabling state-of-the-art functional imaging with improved spatial, temporal and temperature resolutions for monitoring the metabolism of intracellular organelles and internal organs. Although progress in this field has been rapid, it has not been without controversy, as recent studies have shown possible biased sensing during fluorescence-based detection. Here, we introduce the design principles and advances in fluorescence nanothermometry, highlight application achievements, discuss scenarios that may lead to biased sensing, analyze the challenges ahead in terms of both fundamental issues and practical implementations, and point to new directions for improving this interdisciplinary field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhou
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Blanca Del Rosal
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel Jaque
- Nanobiology Group, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain. .,Fluorescence Imaging Group, Departamento de Física de Materiales-Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Seiichi Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
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Song Y, Zhang X, Shen Z, Yang W, Wei J, Li S, Wang X, Li X, He Q, Zhang S, Zhang Q, Gao B. Improving Brightness and Stability of Si-Rhodamine for Super-Resolution Imaging of Mitochondria in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12137-12144. [PMID: 32844652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photostable and bright organic dyes emitting in the near-infrared region are highly desirable for long-term dynamic bioimaging. Herein, we report a synthetic approach to build novel methoxy modified Si-rhodamine (SiRMO) dyes by introducing the methoxybenzene on the xanthene moiety. The brightness of SiRMO increased from 2300 M-1 cm-1 (SiRMO-0) to 49000 M-1 cm-1 (SiRMO-2) when the substituent 2,5-dimethoxybenzene was replaced with 2,6-dimethoxybenzene. Moreover, the stability of SiRMO-2 was significantly improved due to the steric hindrance protection of the two methoxy groups on the ninth carbon atom of the xanthene. After fast cellular uptake, the SiRMO dyes selectively stained the mitochondria with a low background in live cultured cells and primary neurons. The high brightness and stability of SiRMO-2 significantly improved the capability of monitoring mitochondria dynamic processes in living cells under super-resolution conditions. Moreover, with the fluorescence nanoscopy techniques, we observed the structure of mitochondrial cristae and mitochondria fission, fusion, and apoptosis with a high temporal resolution. Under two-photon illumination, SiRMO-2 showed also enhanced two-photon brightness and stability, which are important for imaging in thick tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Song
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zixin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Juandi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qihua He
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Baoxiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education), and Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environment Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Yang Z, Li L, Ling J, Liu T, Huang X, Ying Y, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Lei K, Chen L, Chen Z. Cyclooctatetraene-conjugated cyanine mitochondrial probes minimize phototoxicity in fluorescence and nanoscopic imaging. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8506-8516. [PMID: 34094186 PMCID: PMC8161535 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern fluorescence-imaging methods promise to unveil organelle dynamics in live cells. Phototoxicity, however, has become a prevailing issue when boosted illumination applies. Mitochondria are representative organelles whose research heavily relies on optical imaging, yet these membranous hubs of bioenergy are exceptionally vulnerable to photodamage. We report that cyclooctatetraene-conjugated cyanine dyes (PK Mito dyes), are ideal mitochondrial probes with remarkably low photodynamic damage for general use in fluorescence cytometry. In contrast, the nitrobenzene conjugate of Cy3 exhibits enhanced photostability but unaffected phototoxicity compared to parental Cy3. PK Mito Red, in conjunction with Hessian-structural illumination microscopy, enables 2000-frame time-lapse imaging with clearly resolvable crista structures, revealing rich mitochondrial dynamics. In a rigorous stem cell sorting and transplantation assay, PK Mito Red maximally retains the stemness of planarian neoblasts, exhibiting excellent multifaceted biocompatibility. Resonating with the ongoing theme of reducing photodamage using optical approaches, this work advocates the evaluation and minimization of phototoxicity when developing imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtian Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Liuju Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Jing Ling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Tianyan Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Xiaoshuai Huang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Yuqing Ying
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation, Translational Research of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life Sciences, Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation, Translational Research of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life Sciences, Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Kai Lei
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation, Translational Research of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life Sciences, Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study Hangzhou Zhejiang Province China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University Beijing China
- PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University Beijing China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Beijing China
- PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine Nanjing China
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