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Xu D, Wang Y, Wu J, Zhang Z, Chen J, Xie M, Tang R, Cheng C, Chen L, Lin S, Luo X, Zheng J. MTIF2 impairs 5 fluorouracil-mediated immunogenic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance. Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105265. [PMID: 33129983 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality; it has been reported that immune cell infiltration is a prognosis factor. Here we identified genes that associated with tumor immune cell infiltrate; the underlying mechanism was verified by in vivo and in vitro experiment. In this study, Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) and CIBERSORT tool were used to identify MTIF2 as the hub tumor immune infiltrating gene in HCC. To investigate the underlying role played by MTIF2, MTIF2 was knocked down by transfection of shRNA targeting MTIF2, CCK8, and EdU incorporation assay was used to evaluate the effect of MTIF2 on proliferation, wound heal assay and transwell assay was used to confirm its effect on cell migration. Ecto-calreticulin on the cell surface was evaluated by flow cytometry, ATP, and HMGB1 secretion were tested to the investigated effect of MTIF2 on the immunogenic cell death (ICD) process. We found that down-regulation of MTIF2 impaired proliferation and migration capacity of HCC cells, chemoresistance to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) weakened after MTIF2 was knocked down. Reduced release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) was observed after MTIF2 was overexpressed, which subsequently impaired dendritic cell (DC) maturation and proliferation of CD8 + T cells. Mechanically, the co-IP experiment confirmed that MTIF2 could interact with AIFM1, prevents AIFM1 induced transcription of caspase3, and finally suppress apoptosis. In vivo experiment also used to confirm our previously conclusion, our result indicated that MTIF2 overexpression suppresses tumor apoptosis and immune cell activity in the 5-FU therapy in vivo model, by suppression maturation of tumor-infiltrated DC. Collectively, our study confirmed that MTIF2 impair drug-induced immunogenic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafeng Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Geriatric Medicine Center, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Jincai Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Zhensheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Jiacheng Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Mingwei Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Shiyun Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Xiangxiang Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China
| | - Jinfang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, China.
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Dai RC, Nabil WNN, Xu HX. The History of Saffron in China: From Its Origin to Applications. CHINESE MEDICINE AND CULTURE 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/cmac.cmac_38_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Yang M, Chen Z, Xiang S, Xia F, Tang W, Yao X, Zhou B. Hugan Qingzhi medication ameliorates free fatty acid-induced L02 hepatocyte endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating the activation of PKC-δ. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:377. [PMID: 33308192 PMCID: PMC7730760 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have found that Hugan Qingzhi tablet (HQT) has significant lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, the results of proteomic analysis confirmed that various proteins in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway were activated and recovered by HQT. However, its mechanism remains confused. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of HQT-medicated serum on hepatic ERS and its relevant mechanisms. Methods L02 cells were induced by Free Fatty Acid (FFA) for 24 h to establish a model of hepatic ERS and pretreated with the drug-medicated rat serum for 24 h. Accumulation of intracellular lipid was evaluated using Oil Red O staining and Triglyceride detection kit. The morphological changes of ER were observed by TEM. PKC-δ was silenced by specific siRNA. Western blot and RT-qPCR were applied to detect the expression of markers related to ERS, calcium disorder, steatosis and insulin resistance. The fluorescence of Ca2+ influx was recorded using fluorescence spectrophotometer. Results HQT-medicated serum significantly decreased the intracellular TG content. Furthermore, it caused significant reduction in the expression of ERS markers and an improvement in ER structure of L02 cells. PKC-δ was activated into phosphorylated PKC-δ in FFA-induced L02 hepatocytes while these changes can be reversed by HQT-medicated serum. Silencing PKC-δ in L02 cells can restore the expression and activity of SERCA2 in ER and down-regulate the expression of IP3R protein to maintain intracellular calcium homeostasis, so as to relieve FFA-induced ERS and its lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. Conclusions The results concluded that HQT-medicated serum exerts protective effects against hepatic ERS, steatosis and insulin resistance in FFA-induced L02 hepatocyte. And its potential mechanism might be down-regulating the activation of PKC-δ and stabilization of intracellular calcium. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03164-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoting Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Shijian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Waijiao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorui Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Benjie Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China.
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Forouzanfar F, Asadpour E, Hosseinzadeh H, Boroushaki MT, Adab A, Dastpeiman SH, Sadeghnia HR. Safranal protects against ischemia-induced PC12 cell injury through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 394:707-716. [PMID: 33128592 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Safranal, isolated from saffron (Crocus sativus L.), is known to possesses neuroprotective effects. In this study, the neuroprotective potential of safranal against PC12 cell injury triggered by ischemia/reperfusion was investigated. PC12 cells were pretreated with safranal at concentration ranges of 10-160 μM for 2 h and then deprived from oxygen-glucose-serum for 6 h, followed by reoxygenation for 24 h (OGD condition). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA), and comet assays were used to measure the extent of cellular viability, reactive oxygen substances (ROS), and DNA damage, respectively. Also, propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry assay and western blotting of bax, bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 were performed for assessment of apoptosis. OGD exposure reduced the cell viability and increased intracellular ROS production, oxidative DNA damage, and apoptosis, in comparison with untreated control cells. Pretreatment with safranal (40 and 160 μM) significantly attenuated OGD-induced PC12 cell death, oxidative damage, and apoptosis. Furthermore, safranal markedly reduced the overexpression of bax/bcl-2 ratio and active caspase-3 following OGD (p < 0.05). The present findings indicated that safranal protects against OGD-induced neurotoxicity via modulating of oxidative and apoptotic responses.Graphical abstract The schematic representation of the mode of action of safranal against PC12 cells death induced by oxygen-glucose-serum deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD-R).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Asadpour
- Anaestehsiology and Critical Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taher Boroushaki
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Afrouz Adab
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Dastpeiman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid R Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran. .,Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran.
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Roh E, Hwang HJ, Kim JW, Hong SH, Kim JA, Lee YB, Choi KM, Baik SH, Yoo HJ. Ginsenoside Mc1 improves liver steatosis and insulin resistance by attenuating ER stress. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112927. [PMID: 32387461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ginsenoside, a major pharmacologically active ingredient in ginseng, has been known to exhibit beneficial properties such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Ginsenoside compound Mc1 is one of the newly identified de-glycosylated ginsenosides. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has implicated in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through apoptosis and lipid accumulation. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to examine the protective effects of Mc1 treatment on ER stress-induced cell death and impaired insulin signaling in HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells and ER stress-induced liver steatosis and insulin resistance in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with palmitate and Mc1 to evaluate the effects of Mc1 on ER stress-induced damage. C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks and received an intraperitoneal injection of either vehicle or Mc1 (10 mg/kg/day). The control mice were fed with a chow diet and injected with vehicle for the same period. ER stress, cell death, and degree of steatosis were evaluated in the liver tissues of mice. The effect of Mc1 treatment on glucose metabolism was also determined. RESULTS Mc1 co-treatment reduced the palmitate-induced ER stress and death of HepG2 cells. The palmitate-induced insulin resistance improved after Mc1 co-treatment. Consistent with the in vitro data, chronic Mc1 supplementation reduced ER stress and apoptotic damage in the liver of obese mice. Mc1 treatment ameliorated glucose intolerance and insulin resistance through the suppression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. In addition, Mc1 treatment reduced obesity-induced lipogenesis and prevented fat accumulation in the liver of DIO mice. CONCLUSIONS Mc1 exerted protective effects against ER stress-induced apoptotic damage, insulin resistance and lipogenesis in palmitate-treated hepatocytes and in the liver of DIO mice. Therefore, Mc1 supplementation could be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent NAFLD in patients with obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Roh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hwan-Jin Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Joo Won Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - So-Hyeon Hong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jung A Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - You-Bin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Mook Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Sei Hyun Baik
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hye Jin Yoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Valeric Acid Suppresses Liver Cancer Development by Acting as a Novel HDAC Inhibitor. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 19:8-18. [PMID: 33024815 PMCID: PMC7520432 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fastest growing cause of cancer deaths in the United States due to its aggressiveness and lack of effective therapies. The current preclinical study examines valeric acid (pentanoic acid [C5H10O2]), one of the main compounds of valerian root extract, for its therapeutic use in liver cancer treatment. Anticancer efficacy of valeric acid was tested in a series of in vitro assays and orthotopic xenograft mouse models. The molecular target of valeric acid was also predicted, followed by functional confirmation. Valeric acid has a broad spectrum of anticancer activity with specifically high cytotoxicity for liver cancer in cell proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, cell invasion, and 3D spheroid formation assays. Mouse models further demonstrate that systematic administration of lipid-based nanoparticle-encapsulated valeric acid significantly reduces the tumor burden and improves survival rate. Histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibiting functions of valeric acid are also revealed by a structural target prediction tool and HDAC activity assay. Further transcriptional profiling and network analyses illustrate that valeric acid affects several cancer-related pathways that may induce apoptosis. In summary, we demonstrate for the first time that valeric acid suppresses liver cancer development by acting as a potential novel HDAC inhibitor, which warrants further investigation on its therapeutic implications.
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Hu Y, Xu J, Chen Q, Liu M, Wang S, Yu H, Zhang Y, Wang T. Regulation effects of total flavonoids in Morus alba L. on hepatic cholesterol disorders in orotic acid induced NAFLD rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:257. [PMID: 32807146 PMCID: PMC7433163 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03052-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mulberry leaves are the dried leaves of Morus alba L., flavonoids from mulberry leaves (MLF) has showed regulatory effect on abnormal lipid metabolism, but the regulatory mechanism of MLF on cholesterol metabolism is still missing. This study was designed to investigate the effect of MLF and its active metabolite quercetin on regulating cholesterol disorders. METHODS The mechanism of MLF on alleviating liver injury and regulating cholesterol was examined in dyslipidemic SD rats. The regulatory mechanism of quercetin for cholesterol disorders have also been detected through lipid laden HepG2 cell model. RESULTS Our results showed that MLF significantly inhibited lipid accumulation and alleviate hepatic injury in NAFLD rat model. The hepatic expression level of SREBP2, HMGCR and miR-33a were significantly down-regulated, while CYP7A1 was induced by MLF treatment. In vitro, Quercetin significantly decreased lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Mechanistically, quercetin could inhibit the mRNA and protein expression level of SREBP2 and HMGCR with or without LDL treatment. In addition, quercetin could also reduce the LXRβ while induced SR-BI mRNA expression. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that MLF and quercetin could reduce the excessive cholesterol accumulation in vivo and in vitro. These cholesterol-regulating phenomenon might attribute to its effect on down-regulating the expression of lipid-related markers such as SREBP2 and HMGCR, which may exert a protective role in the NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Jingqi Xu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Sijian Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Güllü N, Kobelt D, Brim H, Rahman S, Timm L, Smith J, Soleimani A, Di Marco S, Bisti S, Ashktorab H, Stein U. Saffron Crudes and Compounds Restrict MACC1-Dependent Cell Proliferation and Migration of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081829. [PMID: 32756469 PMCID: PMC7463853 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is directly associated with metastatic dissemination. However, therapeutic options specifically for metastasis are still limited. We previously identified Metastasis-Associated in Colon Cancer 1 (MACC1) as a major causal metastasis-inducing gene. Numerous studies confirmed its value as a biomarker for metastasis risk. We investigated the inhibitory impact of saffron on MACC1-induced cancer cell growth and motility. Saffron crudes restricted the proliferation and migration of MACC1-expressing CRC cells in a concentration- and MACC1-dependent manner. Saffron delays cell cycle progression at G2/M-phase and does not induce apoptosis. Rescue experiments showed that these effects are reversible. Analysis of active saffron compounds elucidated that crocin was the main compound that reproduced total saffron crudes effects. We showed the interaction of MACC1 with the cancer stem cell (CSC) marker DCLK1, which contributes to metastasis formation in different tumor entities. Saffron extracts reduced DCLK1 with crocin being responsible for this reduction. Saffron's anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects in MACC1-expressing cells are mediated by crocin through DCLK1 down-regulation. This research is the first identification of saffron-based compounds restricting cancer cell proliferation and motility progression via the novel target MACC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Güllü
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (D.K.); (S.R.); (L.T.); (J.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Kobelt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (D.K.); (S.R.); (L.T.); (J.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hassan Brim
- College of Medicine & Cancer Center, Howard University 2041 Georgia Av. NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (H.A.); (U.S.); Tel.: +1-202-806-4198 (H.B.); +1-202-806-6121 (H.A.); +49-30-9406-3432 (U.S.); Fax: +1-202-667-1686 (H.B.); +1-202-667-1686 (H.A.); +49-30-9406-3432 (U.S.)
| | - Shaman Rahman
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (D.K.); (S.R.); (L.T.); (J.S.)
| | - Lena Timm
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (D.K.); (S.R.); (L.T.); (J.S.)
| | - Janice Smith
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (D.K.); (S.R.); (L.T.); (J.S.)
| | - Akbar Soleimani
- College of Medicine & Cancer Center, Howard University 2041 Georgia Av. NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| | - Stefano Di Marco
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, The Italian Institute of Technology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Silvia Bisti
- NetS3 Laboratory Neuroscience and Brain Technologies (NBT), The Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16128 Genova, Italy;
- Consorzio Interuniversitario INBB Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, V.le Medaglie D’Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
| | - Hassan Ashktorab
- College of Medicine & Cancer Center, Howard University 2041 Georgia Av. NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (H.A.); (U.S.); Tel.: +1-202-806-4198 (H.B.); +1-202-806-6121 (H.A.); +49-30-9406-3432 (U.S.); Fax: +1-202-667-1686 (H.B.); +1-202-667-1686 (H.A.); +49-30-9406-3432 (U.S.)
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (N.G.); (D.K.); (S.R.); (L.T.); (J.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.B.); (H.A.); (U.S.); Tel.: +1-202-806-4198 (H.B.); +1-202-806-6121 (H.A.); +49-30-9406-3432 (U.S.); Fax: +1-202-667-1686 (H.B.); +1-202-667-1686 (H.A.); +49-30-9406-3432 (U.S.)
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Qiliqiangxin reduced cardiomyocytes apotosis and improved heart function in infarcted heart through Pink1/Parkin -mediated mitochondrial autophagy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:203. [PMID: 32615967 PMCID: PMC7330946 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Qiliqiangxin (QLQX) is a preparation refined from a traditional Chinese medicine compound. It plays an important role in protecting cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the underline mechanism of QLQX action is not clear. The purpose of this study was to detect the effects of QLQX on mitophagy after MI. Methods Male FVB/NJ mice aged 8–10 weeks were underwent left coronary artery ligation and were orally administered either QLQX (0.25 g/kg/d) or saline. Twenty-eight days after surgical operation, the cardiac function of mice was detected by echocardiography. Electron Microscopy was used to observe the microstructure of cardiomyocytes. Myocardial apoptosis was examined by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) and western blot. H9c2 cells were cultured in a hypoxic incubator chamber (5% CO2, 1% O2, 94% N2) for 12 h and pretreated with or without QLQX (0.5 mg/mL). The cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential and mitophagy were detected. Results When compared to sham group, the cardiac function of MI mice decreased significantly, and their cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial damage were more serious. These MI-induced cardiac changes could be reversed by QLQX treatment. In vitro experiments also confirmed that QLQX could protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage. Further study indicated that QLQX could increase the expression of Pink1 and Parkin in cardiomyocytes. Conclusion Qiliqiangxin could reduce cardiomyocytes apotosis and improved heart function in infarcted heart through Pink1-mediated mitochondrial autophagy.
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Zhou JL, Huang XY, Qiu HC, Gan RZ, Zhou H, Zhu HQ, Zhang XX, Lu GD, Liang G. SSPH I, a Novel Anti-Cancer Saponin, Inhibits Autophagy and Induces Apoptosis via ROS Accumulation and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5979-5991. [PMID: 32606806 PMCID: PMC7320904 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Saponin of Schizocapsa plantaginea Hance I (SSPH I), a novel bioactive phytochemical isolated from the rhizomes of Schizocapsa plantaginea, has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-cancer activity against various tumors in preclinical studies. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are poorly understood. The present study aimed at analyzing the effects of SSPH I on autophagy and apoptosis in vitro. Methods MTT and colony forming assays were used to detect cell viability and cell proliferation. Hoechst 33,258 staining and flow cytometry were used to determine apoptosis and ROS production. The apoptosis and autophagy-related protein expression levels were evaluated via Western blot assay. Characteristics of autophagy and apoptosis were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Lysosomal activity was stained with Lyso-Tracker Red and Magic Red Cathepsin B. Results The results showed that SSPH I exhibited potent anti-cancer activity and proliferation in HepG2 and BEL-7402 cells and inhibited HepG2 cells through inhibiting autophagy and promoting apoptosis. The mechanistic study indicated that the inhibition of autophagy of SSPH I was mediated by blocking autophagosome–lysosome fusion. Additionally, we found that SSPH I could mediate the activation of MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and the use of NAC (ROS inhibitor) and U0126 (MEK1/2 inhibitor) converted the effect of SSPH I on apoptosis and autophagy in HepG2 cells. Conclusion These data suggest that SSPH I induces tumor cells apoptosis and reduces autophagy in vitro by inducing ROS and activating MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway, indicating that SSPH I might be a novel agent for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Ying Huang
- Liuzhou Employment Service Centre for the Disabled, Liuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Chen Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Hezhou, Hezhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ri-Zhi Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Qing Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan-Xuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Lu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Akbarpoor V, Karimabad MN, Mahmoodi M, Mirzaei MR. The saffron effects on expression pattern of critical self-renewal genes in adenocarcinoma tumor cell line (AGS). GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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62
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Sharawi ZW. Therapeutic effect of Arthrocnemum machrostachyum methanolic extract on Ehrlich solid tumor in mice. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:153. [PMID: 32448237 PMCID: PMC7245743 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The anti-cancer effect of the halophyte Arthrocnemum indicum, a member of Arthrocnemum family of salt-tolerant plants, was evaluated against colorectal cancer cell, CaCo2. However, the anti-cancer effect of another halophyte Arthrocnemum machrostachyum was not investigated yet. Herein, the anticancer effect of A. machrostachyum methanolic extract (AME) was evaluated against Ehrlich solid tumor (EST) in mice and the potential mechanism of action was also studied. Methods Male Swiss albino mice (n = 28) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 7/group). Group 1 (negative control group); group 2 (EST) injected intramuscularly by 0.2 mL Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma (2 × 106 cells); and groups 3 and 4 injected intratumorally with AME (180 and 360 mg/kg body weight, respectively) at D12 trice weekly for 2 weeks. Gene expression, protein expression, DNA damage, and TNFa level in tumors were determined by real-time PCR, western blot, comet assay, and Elisa, respectively. Results Treatment with AME induced anti-tumor effects against EST as indicated by 1) notable reduction in tumor size; 2) elevation in tissue necrosis and apoptosis, as confirmed histologically; 3) increased DNA fragmentation; 4) decreased expression of the apoptotic genes (p53, Bax and caspase 3), and increased expression of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl2; 5) significantly upregulated cell cycle regulatory genes Cdc2 and connexin26, and; 6) decreased TNFa levels in tumor tissues. Interestingly, a high dose of AME exhibited a more potent anti-tumor effect against EST. Conclusion These findings indicate that AME has a potent antitumor effect against EST and could be used as an adjuvant to anticancer drugs to combat tumor, but after application of further confirmatory clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina W Sharawi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Zhao J, Zhang Q, Zou G, Gao G, Yue Q. Arenobufagin, isolated from toad venom, inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and suppressed migration and invasion of lung cancer cells via targeting IKKβ/NFκB signal cascade. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 250:112492. [PMID: 31866511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. Arenobufagin (Arg), a representative natural bufadienolide compound, is one of the major bioactive components isolated from toad venom ("Chan Su"named in Chinese to treat multifarious clinical neoplasms in China). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that Arg inhibited the metastasis of lung cancer cells remain poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mobility capacities of lung cancer cells treated with Arg were evaluated using wound healing assay. The anti-migratory and anti-invasive effects of Arg on lung cancer cells were investigated by transwell invasion assay and matrigel invasion assay. iTRAQ-labeled LC-MS proteomics was used to analyze the potential proteins related to metastasis in lung cancer cells treated with Arg and differentially-expressed proteins related to EMT and NFκB signaling cascade were further confirmed by Western blotting assay. The changed subcellular localization of p65 in lung cancer A549 and H1299 cells treated with Arg was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic (MD) simulation assay were performed to verify the binding between Arg and IKKα/IKKβ. siRNA knockdown was used to check whether Arg inhibited EMT of lung cancer cells via targeting NFκB signaling cascade, which was further verified by in vivo study of lung cancer cell xenograft mice model and pulmonary metastasis mice model accompanying with immunohistochemical and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS Arg suppressed the wound closure of lung cancer cells using wound healing assay. Moreover, Arg significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells by transwell invasion assay and matrigel invasion assay. 24 unique differentially-expressed proteins related to metastasis in lung cancer cells treated with Arg were identified using iTRAQ-labeled LC-MS proteomics and 14 differentially-expressed proteins related to EMT were further confirmed by Western blotting assay. Arg significantly decreased the phosphorylation of IKKβ, IκBα and p65 in the cytoplasm of lung cancer cells by Western blotting assay, and remarkably reduced the release of p65 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Arg could be bound in the ATP binding pocket of IKKα and IKKβ by molecular docking assay, and MD simulation assay further demonstrated that Arg binding to the ATP-binding pocket of IKKβ was very stable in 300 ns MD simulation, compared with the binding of Arg and IKKα. IKKβ/NFκB signaling cascade was also involved in the inhibitory effect of Arg on EMT of lung cancer cells by siRNA knockdown assay. The study of lung cancer cell xenograft mice model and pulmonary metastasis mice model in vivo indicated that Arg inhibited EMT and suppressed migration and invasion of lung cancer cells via downregulating IKKβ/NFκB signaling cascade. CONCLUSION In the present study, we explored the molecular mechanism of Arg prohibiting the metastasis of lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, which displayed Arg could target IKKβ to inactive NFκB signaling cascade and further change the expression of proteins related to EMT. These results highlight the potential of toad venom as a potential chemotherapeutic agent and warrant its development as the clinical therapy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangmin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China; Department of Radiology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China.
| | - Qiansen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Gangyong Zou
- Department of Pathology,Weihai Municipal Hospital,Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China.
| | - Guogang Gao
- Department of Pathology,Weihai Municipal Hospital,Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China.
| | - Qingxi Yue
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China.
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Muhammad I, Rahman N, Nayab GE, Niaz S, Shah M, Afridi SG, Khan H, Daglia M, Capanoglu E. The Molecular Docking of Flavonoids Isolated from Daucus carota as a Dual Inhibitor of MDM2 and MDMX. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 15:154-164. [PMID: 32101134 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200226112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is characterized by overexpression of p53 associated proteins, which down-regulate P53 signaling pathway. In cancer therapy, p53 activity can be restored by inhibiting the interaction of MDMX (2N0W) and MDM2 (4JGR) proteins with P53 protein. OBJECTIVE In the current, study in silico approaches were adapted to use a natural product as a source of cancer therapy. METHODS In the current study in silico approaches were adapted to use a natural product as a source of cancer therapy. For in silico studies, Chemdraw and Molecular Operating Environment were used for structure drawing and molecular docking, respectively. Flavonoids isolated from D. carota were docked with cancerous proteins. RESULT Based on the docking score analysis, we found that compound 7 was the potent inhibitor of both cancerous proteins and can be used as a potent molecule for inhibition of 2N0W and 4JGR interaction with p53. CONCLUSION Thus the compound 7 can be used for the revival of p53 signaling pathway function however, intensive in vitro and in vivo experiments are required to prove the in silico analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijaz Muhammad
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Noor Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Gul E Nayab
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Niaz
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mohibullah Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-66000, Pakistan
| | - Sahib G Afridi
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan-23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhang R, Chen J, Mao L, Guo Y, Hao Y, Deng Y, Han X, Li Q, Liao W, Yuan M. Nobiletin Triggers Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Pyroptosis through Regulating Autophagy in Ovarian Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1326-1336. [PMID: 31955565 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most serious female malignancies worldwide. Despite intensive efforts being made to overcome ovarian cancer, there still remain limited optional treatments for this disease. Nobiletin, a prospective food-derived phytochemical extracted from citrus fruits, has recently been reported to suppress ovarian cancer cells, but the role of pyroptosis in ovarian carcinoma with nobiletin still remains unknown. In this study, we aim to explore the effect of nobiletin on ovarian carcinoma and further expound the underlying mechanisms of nobiletin-induced ovarian cancer cell death. Our results showed that nobiletin could significantly inhibit cell proliferation, induce DNA damage, and also lead to apoptosis by increasing the cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) level of human ovarian cancer cells (HOCCs) in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, we revealed that nobiletin decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and autophagy of HOCCs, contributing to gasdermin D-/gasdermin E-mediated pyroptosis. Taken together, nobiletin as a functional food ingredient represents a promising new anti-ovarian cancer candidate that could induce apoptosis and trigger ROS-mediated pyroptosis through regulating autophagy in ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjun Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , China
| | - Jian Chen
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , China
| | - Lianzhi Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , China
| | - Yajie Guo
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Shenzhen 518033 , Guangdong , China
| | - Yuting Hao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , China
| | - Yudi Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Gansu Provincial Hospital , Lanzhou 730000 , Gansu , China
| | - Qingjiao Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Shenzhen 518033 , Guangdong , China
| | - Wenzhen Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , China
| | - Miaomiao Yuan
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , Guangdong , China
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Shenzhen 518033 , Guangdong , China
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Hussain S, Ullah F, Ayaz M, Ali Shah SA, Ali Shah AUH, Shah SM, Wadood A, Aman W, Ullah R, Shahat AA, Nasr FA. In Silico, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Potential of Novel Ester, 3-hydroxyoctyl -5 - trans-docosenoate Isolated from Anchusa arvensis (L.) M.Bieb. Against HepG-2 Cancer Cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:4195-4205. [PMID: 31849451 PMCID: PMC6911335 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s228971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer is one of the chronic health conditions worldwide. Various therapeutically active compounds from medicinal plants were the current focus of this research in order to uncover a treatment regimen for cancer. Anchusa arvensis (A. anchusa) (L.) M.Bieb. contains many biologically active compounds. Methods In the current study, new ester 3-hydroxyoctyl -5- trans-docosenoate (compound-1) was isolated from the chloroform soluble fraction of A. anchusa using column chromatography. Using MTT assay, the anticancer effect of the compound was determined in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2) compared with normal epithelial cell line (Vero). DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays were performed to assess the antioxidant potential. The Molecular Operating Environment (MOE-2016) tool was used against tyrosine kinase. Results The structure of the compound was elucidated based on IR, EI, and NMR spectroscopy technique. It exhibited a considerable cytotoxic effect against HepG-2 cell lines with IC50 value of 6.50 ± 0.70 µg/mL in comparison to positive control (doxorubicin) which showed IC50 value of 1.3±0.21 µg/mL. The compound did not show a cytotoxic effect against normal epithelial cell line (Vero). The compound also exhibited significant DPHH scavenging ability with IC50 value of 12 ± 0.80 µg/mL, whereas ascorbic acid, used as positive control, demonstrated activity with IC50 = 05 ± 0.15 µg/mL. Similarly, it showed ABTS radical scavenging ability (IC50 = 130 ± 0.20 µg/mL) compared with the value obtained for ascorbic acid (06 ± 0.85 µg/mL). In docking studies using MOE-2016 tool, it was observed that compound-1 was highly bound to tyrosine kinase by having two hydrogen bonds at the hinge region. This good bonding network by the compound might be one of the reasons for showing significant activity against this enzyme. Conclusion Our findings led to the isolation of a new compound from A. anchusa which has significant cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 cell lines with marked antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Research Institute of Natural Products for Drug Discovery (RiND), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | | | - Syed Majid Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Aman
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy (Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelaaty A Shahat
- Department of Pharmacognosy (Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fahd A Nasr
- Department of Pharmacognosy (Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Center), College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Kwon HJ, Kim LH, Ahn CH, Yang IH, Hong KO, Doo Hong S, Shin JA, Cho SD. A new insight into the apoptotic effect of nitidine chloride targeting Checkpoint kinase 2 in human cervical cancer in vitro. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019; 65:193-202. [PMID: 31777420 PMCID: PMC6877403 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitidine chloride (NC), a natural, bioactive, phytochemical alkaloid derived from the roots of Zanthoxylum nitidum, has been reported to exhibit anti-tumor activity against various types of cancer. However, the potential therapeutic role of NC in human cervical cancer has not yet been studied. We are the first to report that NC acts as a potential apoptosis-inducing agent for human cervical cancer in vitro. NC treatment of human cervical cancer cell lines induced caspase-mediated apoptosis, thereby reducing cell viability. Phospho-kinase proteome profiling using a human phospho-kinase array revealed that NC treatment phosphorylated Checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) at Thr68, which activates Chk2 in both cell lines. We also found that NC significantly affected the p53/Bim signaling axis, which was accompanied by mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cytochrome c release from the mitochondria into the cytosol. In addition, NC profoundly increased phosphorylation of the histone variant H2AX at Ser139, a typical marker of DNA damage. Taken together, these results provide in vitro evidence that NC can increase Chk2 activation, thereby acting as an attractive cell death inducer for treatment of human cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jeong Kwon
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee-Han Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyoung Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ok Hong
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Doo Hong
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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Möller J, Bhat K, Riecken K, Pörtner R, Zeng AP, Jandt U. Process-induced cell cycle oscillations in CHO cultures: Online monitoring and model-based investigation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2931-2943. [PMID: 31342512 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The influence of process strategies on the dynamics of cell population heterogeneities in mammalian cell culture is still not well understood. We recently found that the progression of cells through the cell cycle causes metabolic regulations with variable productivities in antibody-producing Chimese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. On the other hand, it is so far unknown how bulk cultivation conditions, for example, variable nutrient concentrations depending on process strategies, can influence cell cycle-derived population dynamics. In this study, process-induced cell cycle synchronization was assessed in repeated-batch and fed-batch cultures. An automated flow cytometry set-up was developed to measure the cell cycle distribution online, using antibody-producing CHO DP-12 cells transduced with the cell cycle-specific fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) system. On the basis of the population-resolved model, feeding-induced partial self-synchronization was predicted and the results were evaluated experimentally. In the repeated-batch culture, stable cell cycle oscillations were confirmed with an oscillating G1 phase distribution between 41% and 72%. Furthermore, oscillations of the cell cycle distribution were simulated and determined in a (bolus) fed-batch process with up to 25 × 1 0 6 cells/ml. The cell cycle synchronization arose with pulse feeding only and ceased with continuous feeding. Both simulated and observed oscillations occurred at higher frequencies than those observable based on regular (e.g., daily) sample analysis, thus demonstrating the need for high-frequency online cell cycle analysis. In summary, we showed how experimental methods combined with simulations enable the improved assessment of the effects of process strategies on the dynamics of cell cycle-dependent population heterogeneities. This provides a novel approach to understand cell cycle regulations, control cell population dynamics, avoid inadvertently induced oscillations of cell cycle distributions and thus to improve process stability and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Möller
- Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Krathika Bhat
- Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, University Medical Centre (UMC) Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Pörtner
- Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Jandt
- Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
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Varela-Rodríguez L, Sánchez-Ramírez B, Rodríguez-Reyna IS, Ordaz-Ortiz JJ, Chávez-Flores D, Salas-Muñoz E, Osorio-Trujillo JC, Ramos-Martínez E, Talamás-Rohana P. Biological and toxicological evaluation of Rhus trilobata Nutt. (Anacardiaceae) used traditionally in mexico against cancer. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:153. [PMID: 31262287 PMCID: PMC6604276 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhus trilobata Nutt. (Anacardiaceae) (RHTR) is a plant of Mexico that is traditionally used as an alternative treatment for several types of cancer. However, the phytochemical composition and potential toxicity of this plant have not been evaluated to support its therapeutic use. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the biological activity of RHTR against colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, determine its possible acute toxicity, and analyze its phytochemical composition. METHODS The traditional preparation was performed by decoction of stems in distilled water (aqueous extract, AE), and flavonoids were concentrated with C18-cartridges and ethyl acetate (flavonoid fraction, FF). The biological activity was evaluated by MTT viability curves and the TUNEL assay in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CACO-2), ovarian epithelium (CHO-K1) and lung/bronchus epithelium (BEAS-2B) cells. The toxicological effect was determined in female BALB/c mice after 24 h and 14 days of intraperitoneal administration of 200 mg/kg AE and FF, respectively. Later, the animals were sacrificed for histopathological observation of organs and sera obtained by retro-orbital bleeding for biochemical marker analysis. Finally, the phytochemical characterization of AE and FF was conducted by UPLC-MSE. RESULTS In the MTT assays, AE and FF at 5 and 18 μg/mL decreased the viability of CACO-2 cells compared with cells treated with vehicle or normal cells (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA), with changes in cell morphology and the induction of apoptosis. Anatomical and histological analysis of organs did not reveal important pathological lesions at the time of assessment. Additionally, biochemical markers remained normal and showed no differences from those of the control group after 24 h and 14 days of treatment (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). Finally, UPLC-MSE analysis revealed 173 compounds in AE-RHTR, primarily flavonoids, fatty acids and phenolic acids. The most abundant compounds in AE and FF were quercetin and myricetin derivates (glycosides), methyl gallate, epigallocatechin-3-cinnamate, β-PGG, fisetin and margaric acid, which might be related to the anticancer properties of RHTR. CONCLUSION RHTR exhibits biological activity against cancer cells and does not present adverse toxicological effects during its in vivo administration, supporting its traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Varela-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No. 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, C.P. 31125 Chihuahua, Chih. Mexico
| | - Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No. 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, C.P. 31125 Chihuahua, Chih. Mexico
| | - Ivette Stephanie Rodríguez-Reyna
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No. 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, C.P. 31125 Chihuahua, Chih. Mexico
| | - José Juan Ordaz-Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Espectrometría de Masas, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, CINVESTAV-IPN, Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León Km. 9.6, C.P. 36824 Irapuato, Gto. Mexico
| | - David Chávez-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No. 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, C.P. 31125 Chihuahua, Chih. Mexico
| | - Erika Salas-Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito No. 1, Nuevo Campus Universitario, C.P. 31125 Chihuahua, Chih. Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Osorio-Trujillo
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Ramos-Martínez
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital CIMA, Av. Hacienda del Valle No. 7120, Fraccionamiento Plaza las Haciendas, C.P. 31217 Chihuahua, Chih. Mexico
| | - Patricia Talamás-Rohana
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ave. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Teratogenic jervine increases the activity of doxorubicin in MCF-7/ADR cells by inhibiting ABCB1. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109059. [PMID: 31207578 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Jervine is a natural teratogenic compound isolated from Veratrum californicum. In this study, for the first time, we revealed a novel activity of jervine in sensitizing the anti-proliferation effect of doxorubicin (DOX). We demonstrated that the synergistic mechanism was related to the intracellular accumulation of DOX via modulating ABCB1 transportation. Jervine did not affect the expression of ABCB1 in mRNA nor protein levels. However, jervine increased the ATPase activity of ABCB1 and possibly served as a substrate of ABCB1. The molecular docking results indicated that jervine was bound to a closed ABCB1 conformation and blocked drug entrance to the central binding site at the transmembrane domain. The present study identifies jervine acts as a substrate of ABCB1, and has potential to be developed as a novel and potent chemotherapy sensitizer used for patients developing multidrug resistance.
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Ashktorab H, Soleimani A, Singh G, Amin A, Tabtabaei S, Latella G, Stein U, Akhondzadeh S, Solanki N, Gondré-Lewis MC, Habtezion A, Brim H. Saffron: The Golden Spice with Therapeutic Properties on Digestive Diseases. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11050943. [PMID: 31027364 PMCID: PMC6567082 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Saffron is a natural compound that has been used for centuries in many parts of the world as a food colorant and additive. It was shown to have the ability to mitigate various disorders through its known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of saffron in the treatment of various chronic diseases like inflammatory bowel diseases, Alzheimer's, rheumatoid arthritis as well as common malignancies of the colon, stomach, lung, breast, and skin. Modern day drugs generally have unwanted side effects, which led to the current trend to use naturally occurring products with therapeutic properties. In the present review, the objective is to systematically analyze the wealth of information regarding the potential mechanisms of action and the medical use of saffron, the "golden spice", especially in digestive diseases. We summarized saffron influence on microbiome, molecular pathways, and inflammation in gastric, colon, liver cancers, and associated inflammations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ashktorab
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
| | - Akbar Soleimani
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
| | - Gulshan Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Amr Amin
- Biology Department, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, UAE.
| | - Solmaz Tabtabaei
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition division, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Shahin Akhondzadeh
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University Medical Sciences, Tehran 14167-53955, Iran.
| | - Naimesh Solanki
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
| | - Marjorie C Gondré-Lewis
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
| | - Aida Habtezion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Hassan Brim
- Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
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Al-Dabbagh B, Elhaty IA, Elhaw M, Murali C, Al Mansoori A, Awad B, Amin A. Antioxidant and anticancer activities of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.). BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:3. [PMID: 30602390 PMCID: PMC6317209 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed at determining the antioxidant activity, total phenols and flavonoids and to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of ethanolic extract of Matricaria recutita L. (chamomile). The antioxidant activities were measured using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The total phenolic content was measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. The flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride method. The MTT assay was used to estimate the antiproliferative activities against human hepatoma (HepG2) cancer cell line. We assessed the mode of action of the extract as a cancer preventive agent and reported its ability to regulate tumor angiogenesis by down regulating in a dose dependent manner the expression of some proteins involved in the process. Results The percentage inhibition of DPPH scavenging activity was dose-dependent ranging between (94.8% ± 0.03) at 1.50 mg/mL and (84.2% ± 0.86) at 0.15 mg/mL. It showed high polyphenols (21.4 ± 0.327 mg GAE/g) and high flavonoids content (157.9 ± 2.22 mg QE/g). Effect of extract was investigated against HepG2 cells. A dose-dependent reduction in cell viability was recorded in cells treated with the extract. The IC50 was ~ 300 µg/mL. It significantly inhibited the level of important prerequisite angiogenesis markers both in HepG2 cells and ex vivo. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3960-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Al-Dabbagh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
| | - Ismail A Elhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Mohamed Elhaw
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Chandraprabha Murali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Ameera Al Mansoori
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Basma Awad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
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