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Double knockout of Bax and Bak from kidney proximal tubules reduces unilateral urethral obstruction associated apoptosis and renal interstitial fibrosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44892. [PMID: 28317867 PMCID: PMC5357962 DOI: 10.1038/srep44892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial fibrosis, a common pathological feature of chronic kidney diseases, is often associated with apoptosis in renal tissues. To determine the associated apoptotic pathway and its role in renal interstitial fibrosis, we established a mouse model in which Bax and Bak, two critical genes in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, were deleted specifically from kidney proximal tubules and used this model to examine renal apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis following unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO). It was shown that double knockout of Bax and Bak from proximal tubules attenuated renal tubular cell apoptosis and suppressed renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO. The results indicate that the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis contributes significantly to the tubular apoptosis and renal interstitial fibrosis in kidney diseases.
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Coskun A, Baykal AT, Kazan D, Akgoz M, Senal MO, Berber I, Titiz I, Bilsel G, Kilercik H, Karaosmanoglu K, Cicek M, Yurtsever I, Yazıcı C. Proteomic Analysis of Kidney Preservation Solutions Prior to Renal Transplantation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168755. [PMID: 28036361 PMCID: PMC5201308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main issues in kidney transplantation is the optimal functional preservation of the organ until its transplantation into the appropriate recipient. Despite intensive efforts, the functional preservation period remains limited to hours. During this time, as a result of cellular injury, various proteins, peptides, and other molecules are released by the organ into the preservation medium. In this study, we used proteomic techniques to analyze the protein profiles of preservation solutions in which organs had been preserved prior to their transplantation. Samples were obtained from the preservation solutions of 25 deceased donor kidneys scheduled for transplantation. The protein profiles of the solutions were analyzed using 2D gel electrophoresis/MALDI-TOF and LC-MS/MS. We identified and quantified 206 proteins and peptides belonging to 139 different groups. Of these, 111 proteins groups were belonging to kidney tissues. This study used proteomic techniques to analyze the protein profiles of organ preservation solutions. These findings will contribute to the development of improved preservation solutions to effectively protect organs for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Coskun
- Acibadem University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail:
| | - Ahmet Tarik Baykal
- Acibadem University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Kazan
- Marmara University Engineering Faculty, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Ibrahim Berber
- Acibadem University School of Medicine Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Izzet Titiz
- Haydarpasa Numune Research and Training Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Hakan Kilercik
- Yeni Yuzyil University, Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubra Karaosmanoglu
- Marmara University Engineering Faculty, Department of Bioengineering, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muslum Cicek
- Yeni Yuzyil University, Gaziosmanpasa Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Yurtsever
- Istanbul Medipol University, Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center, Beykoz/Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cevat Yazıcı
- Erciyes University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kayseri, Turkey
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53
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Cocchiaro P, Fox C, Tregidgo NW, Howarth R, Wood KM, Situmorang GR, Pavone LM, Sheerin NS, Moles A. Lysosomal protease cathepsin D; a new driver of apoptosis during acute kidney injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27112. [PMID: 27271556 PMCID: PMC4895243 DOI: 10.1038/srep27112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an abrupt reduction in kidney function caused by different pathological processes. It is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality in the acute phase and an increased risk of developing End Stage Renal Disease. Despite the progress in the management of the disease, mortality rates in the last five decades remain unchanged at around 50%. Therefore there is an urgent need to find new therapeutic strategies to treat AKI. Lysosomal proteases, particularly Cathepsin D (CtsD), play multiple roles in apoptosis however, their role in AKI is still unknown. Here we describe a novel role for CtsD in AKI. CtsD expression was upregulated in damaged tubular cells in nephrotoxic and ischemia reperfusion (IRI) induced AKI. CtsD inhibition using Pepstatin A led to an improvement in kidney function, a reduction in apoptosis and a decrease in tubular cell damage in kidneys with nephrotoxic or IRI induced AKI. Pepstatin A treatment slowed interstitial fibrosis progression following IRI induced AKI. Renal transplant biopsies with acute tubular necrosis demonstrated high levels of CtsD in damaged tubular cells. These results support a role for CtsD in apoptosis during AKI opening new avenues for the treatment of AKI by targeting lysosomal proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Cocchiaro
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples, Federico II, Italy
| | - Christopher Fox
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Nicholas W Tregidgo
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachel Howarth
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Katrina M Wood
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gerhard R Situmorang
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Urology Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Luigi M Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples, Federico II, Italy
| | - Neil S Sheerin
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anna Moles
- Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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