51
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Yang L, Li G, Zhao M, Zheng J, Luo D, Zheng Y, Li L. Intrinsic Reason for the Morphology Dependence of Luminescent Behavior: A Case Study with GdVO4:Eu3+Nanocrystals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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52
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Mukherjee P, Sloan RF, Shade CM, Waldeck DH, Petoud S. A Post-synthetic Modification of II-VI Nanoparticles to Create Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ Luminophores. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2013; 117:14451-14460. [PMID: 23997842 PMCID: PMC3755637 DOI: 10.1021/jp404947x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel method for creating luminescent lanthanide-containing nanoparticles in which the lanthanide cations are sensitized by the semiconductor nanoparticle's electronic excitation. In contrast to previous strategies, this new approach creates such materials by addition of external salt to a solution of fully formed nanoparticles. We demonstrate this post-synthetic modification for the lanthanide luminescence sensitization of two visible emitting lanthanides (Ln), Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions, through ZnS nanoparticles in which the cations were added post-synthetically as external Ln(NO3)3·xH2O salt to solutions of ZnS nanoparticles. The post-synthetically treated ZnS nanoparticle systems display Tb3+ and Eu3+ luminescence intensities that are comparable to those of doped Zn(Ln)S nanoparticles, which we reported previously (J. Phys. Chem. A, 2011, 115, 4031-4041). A comparison with the synthetically doped systems is used to contrast the spatial distribution of the lanthanide ions, bulk versus surface localized. The post-synthetic strategy described in this work is fundamentally different from the synthetic incorporation (doping) approach and offers a rapid and less synthetically demanding protocol for Tb3+:ZnS and Eu3+:ZnS luminophores, thereby facilitating their use in a broad range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 Telephone: 1-412-624-8430
| | - Robin F. Sloan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 Telephone: 1-412-624-8430
| | - Chad M. Shade
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 Telephone: 1-412-624-8430
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 Telephone: 1-412-624-8430
| | - Stéphane Petoud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 Telephone: 1-412-624-8430
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, rue Charles Sadron, 45071 Orléans, France. Telephone: +33 238 255 652
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Li S, Hou Z, Cheng Z, Lian H, Ma P, Li C, Lin J. Enhanced near-infrared quantum cutting luminescence in 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid/NaYF4:Tb3+, Yb3+ hybrid nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23439h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Wang J, Velders AH, Gianolio E, Aime S, Vergeldt FJ, Van As H, Yan Y, Drechsler M, de Keizer A, Cohen Stuart MA, van der Gucht J. Controlled mixing of lanthanide(iii) ions in coacervate core micelles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3736-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc39148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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56
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Hazra C, Mahalingam V. Water dispersible Eu3+-doped NaGd(SO4)2·H2O nanorods for selective Fe3+ sensing applications. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41343h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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57
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Gao D, Zhang X, Zheng H, Shi P, Li L, Ling Y. Codopant ion-induced tunable upconversion emission in β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+nanorods. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:1834-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31814h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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58
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Gao D, Gao W, Shi P, Li L. pH- and surfactant-mediated tunable morphology and upconversion of rare-earth doped fluoride microcrystals. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40517f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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59
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Hazra C, Sarkar S, Meesaragandla B, Mahalingam V. Eu3+ ions as an optical probe to follow the growth of colloidal ZnO nanostructures. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:11981-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51506k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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60
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Sarkar S, Mahalingam V. Tuning the crystalline phase and morphology of the YF3:Eu3+ microcrystals through fluoride source. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce40554k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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61
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Kaczmarek AM, Miermans L, Van Deun R. Nano- and microsized Eu3+ and Tb3+-doped lanthanide hydroxycarbonates and oxycarbonates. The influence of glucose and fructose as stabilizing ligands. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4639-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32799j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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62
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Li S, Zhang X, Hou Z, Cheng Z, Ma P, Lin J. Enhanced emission of ultra-small-sized LaF3:RE3+ (RE = Eu, Tb) nanoparticles through 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid sensitization. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:5619-5626. [PMID: 22864859 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31206a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Uniform, ultra-small-sized and well-water-dispersible LaF(3) nanoparticles doped with trivalent rare earth (RE) ions (Eu(3+) or Tb(3+)) have been synthesized by a simple, low temperature synthesis route. The nanoparticles, with sizes of about 3.2 nm (for those doped with Eu(3+)) and 3.0 nm (for those doped with Tb(3+)), are roughly spherical and monodisperse. 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic acid (labeled as BA) as sensitizer has been bonded to the surface of the nanoparticles, which can sensitize the emission of RE(3+) in the LaF(3) nanoparticles. The BA-LaF(3):RE(3+) (RE = Eu or Tb) nanoparticles have a broad absorption band in the UV domain, and show enhanced luminescence of RE(3+) based on an energy transfer from BA ligands to RE(3+) ions (i.e. the so-called "antenna effect"). Due to the dual protection of organic ligands (BA) and inorganic matrices (LaF(3)), BA-LaF(3):RE(3+) (RE = Eu or Tb) nanoparticles have longer excited state lifetimes than LaF(3):RE(3+) (RE = Eu or Tb) nanoparticles as well as lanthanide coordination polymers of BA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
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63
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Structural and luminescence properties of Y2O3:Eu3+ core–shell nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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64
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Sarkar S, Hazra C, Mahalingam V. Bright luminescence from colloidal Ln(3+)-doped Ca(0.72)Y(0.28)F(2.28) (Ln=Eu, Tm/Yb) nanocrystals via both high and low energy radiations. Chemistry 2012; 18:7050-4. [PMID: 22573499 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Nadia district, WB 741252
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65
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Sarkar S, Hazra C, Chatti M, Sudarsan V, Mahalingam V. Enhanced quantum efficiency for Dy3+ Emissions in water dispersible PbF2 nanocrystals. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21113k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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66
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Rodrigues EM, Souza ER, Monteiro JHSK, Gaspar RDL, Mazali IO, Sigoli FA. Non-stabilized europium-doped lanthanum oxyfluoride and fluoride nanoparticles well dispersed in thin silica films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm34901a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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67
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Parchur AK, Ningthoujam RS. Behaviour of electric and magnetic dipole transitions of Eu3+, 5D0 → 7F0 and Eu–O charge transfer band in Li+ co-doped YPO4:Eu3+. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra22144f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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68
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Fu Z, Xia W, Li Q, Cui X, Li W. Highly uniform NaLa(MoO4)2:Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Dy) microspheres: template-free hydrothermal synthesis, growing mechanism, and luminescent properties. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce06682c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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69
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Li H, Sheng Y, Zhang H, Xue J, Zheng K, Huo Q, Zou H. Synthesis and luminescent properties of TiO2:Eu3+ nanotubes. POWDER TECHNOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2011.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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70
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Dong C, Pichaandi J, Regier T, van Veggel FCJM. The unexpected structures of "core-shell" and "alloy" LnF3 nanoparticles as examined by variable energy X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2011; 3:3376-84. [PMID: 21761041 DOI: 10.1039/c1nr10317b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lanthanide fluoride nanoparticles were synthesized in aqueous media using procedures intended for a core-shell structure of Ln((1))F(3)-Ln((2))F(3), its reverse architecture, and an alloy structure. Their structures were examined by variable photon energy photo-electron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation, along with X-ray powder diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and luminescence spectroscopy. The results show that the nanoparticles intended for a core-shell structure do not have a core-shell structure, and that nanoparticles intended for an alloy structure do not always have an alloy structure. A possible explanation for this is cation exchange, a phenomenon that occurs when LnF(3) nanoparticles are exposed to another Ln(3+) ion in aqueous media, resulting in Ln(3+) ions in nanoparticles being quickly replaced by Ln(3+) ions in solution. This cation exchange effectively competes with the precipitation of LnF(3), which leads to a concentration gradient in the case of the combination of LaF(3) and GdF(3), and to nearly an alloy structure (isotropic mixture of all the ions) in the case of the combination of LaF(3) and NdF(3), regardless of the procedure used. Finally, the intended "core-shell" nanoparticles were doped with Eu(3+) to show that a non-core-shell structure can also give rise to the improvement of optical properties as compared with the corresponding core nanoparticles. These results suggest that conclusions in the literature that a core-shell structure was obtained as inferred by TEM or enhanced luminescence may not be correct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunhai Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3V6
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71
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Dou X, Zhao W, Song E, Zhou G, Yi C, Zhou M. Photoluminescence characterization of Ca10Na(PO4)7:Eu3+ red-emitting phosphor. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 78:821-825. [PMID: 21208827 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2010] [Revised: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Eu3+-doped Ca10Na(PO4)7 phosphors were successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction techniques. Their structures and photoluminescence characteristics were carefully studied. An efficient red emission under near-ultraviolet excitation is observed. The maximum intensity of luminescence was observed at the Eu3+ concentration around 9 mol%. The quadrupole-quadrupole interaction between Eu3+ ions is the dominant mechanism for concentration quenching of fluorescence emission from Eu3+ ions in Ca10-xNa(PO4)7:xEu3+. Due to the excitation spectrum is well coupled with near UV light, Ca10-xNa(PO4)7:xEu3+ phosphors have potential application as red phosphors in near UV chip-based white light emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihua Dou
- School of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, GuangDong 510006, PR China
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72
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Tian Y, Tian J, Li X, Yu B, Shi T. Facile synthesis of ultrasmall GdF3 nanowires via an oriented attachment growth and their luminescence properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2847-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04952b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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73
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Yang M, You H, Jia Y, Qiao H, Guo N, Song Y. Synthesis and luminescent properties of NaLa(MoO4)2:Eu3+ shuttle-like nanorods composed of nanoparticles. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ce00822b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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74
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Li G, Peng C, Zhang C, Xu Z, Shang M, Yang D, Kang X, Wang W, Li C, Cheng Z, Lin J. Eu3+/Tb3+-Doped La2O2CO3/La2O3 Nano/Microcrystals with Multiform Morphologies: Facile Synthesis, Growth Mechanism, and Luminescence Properties. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:10522-35. [DOI: 10.1021/ic101541q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guogang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuimiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhe Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiao Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China, and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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75
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Yang M, You H, Liu K, Zheng Y, Guo N, Zhang H. Low-Temperature Coprecipitation Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of LaPO4:Ln3+ (Ln3+ = Ce3+, Tb3+) Nanowires and LaPO4:Ce3+,Tb3+/LaPO4 Core/Shell Nanowires. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:4996-5002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100099w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongpeng You
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
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76
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Jia CJ, Sun LD, Yan ZG, Pang YC, Lü SZ, Yan CH. Monazite and Zircon Type LaVO4:Eu Nanocrystals - Synthesis, Luminescent Properties, and Spectroscopic Identification of the Eu3+ Sites. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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77
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Abstract
This paper reviews the synthesis, structure and applications of metal fluoride nanoparticles, with particular focus on rare earth (RE) doped fluoride nanoparticles obtained by our research group. Nanoparticles were produced by precipitation methods using the ligand ammonium di-n-octadecyldithiophosphate (ADDP) that allows the growth of shells around a core particle while simultaneously avoiding particle aggregation. Nanoparticles were characterized on their structure, morphology, and luminescent properties. We discuss the synthesis, properties, and application of heavy metal fluorides; specifically LaF3:RE and PbF2, and group IIA fluorides. Particular attention is given to the synthesis of core/shell nanoparticles, including selectively RE-doped LaF3/LaF3, and CaF2/CaF2 core/(multi-)shell nanoparticles, and the CaF2-LaF3 system.
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78
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Song Y, You H, Yang M, Zheng Y, Liu K, Jia G, Huang Y, Zhang L, Zhang H. Facile Synthesis and Luminescence of Sr5(PO4)3Cl:Eu2+ Nanorod Bundles via a Hydrothermal Route. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:1674-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic902081r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Song
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hongpeng You
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Mei Yang
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua Zheng
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Liu
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Guang Jia
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yeju Huang
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, P.R. China and Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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79
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Yang M, You H, Huang Y, Jia G, Song Y, Guo N, Liu K, Zheng Y, Zhang H. Facile synthesis and luminescent properties of flower-like LaPO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Ce, Tb) hierarchical architectures. CrystEngComm 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b921258b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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80
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Berger S, Ornatsky O, Baranov V, Winnik MA, Pich A. Hybrid nanogels by encapsulation of lanthanide-doped LaF3 nanoparticles as elemental tags for detection by atomic mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00075b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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81
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Zhang M, Li X, Wang Z, Guo H, Li J, Liu W. Synthesis and characterization of monodispersed BaSO4/Y2O3:Eu3+ core–shell submicrospheres. POWDER TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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82
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Kucera C, Kokuoz B, Edmondson D, Griese D, Miller M, James A, Baker W, Ballato J. Designer emission spectra through tailored energy transfer in nanoparticle-doped silica preforms. OPTICS LETTERS 2009; 34:2339-2341. [PMID: 19649090 DOI: 10.1364/ol.34.002339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This Letter provides a qualitative proof of concept for purposefully tailoring the emission spectrum of glass by spatially localizing dissimilar dopants to control the degree of energy transfer. More specifically, modified-chemical-vapor-deposition-derived silica preforms were solution doped with either a solution of individually Eu(3+)- or Tb(3+)-doped nanoparticles or a solution of Eu(3+)/Tb(3+)-codoped nanoparticles. The preform prepared using the codoped nanoparticles exhibited energy transfer from the Tb(3+) to the Eu(3+) ions, whereas the preform containing individually doped nanoparticles yielded only discretely Tb(3+) or Eu(3+) emissions. The extension of this work to broadband amplifiers and lasers is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Kucera
- Charles H. Townes Optical Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET) and the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
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83
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Tian Y, Wen J, Liu B, Sui N, Jin Q, Jiao X. Synthesis and Characterization of Single‐Crystalline Lanthanum Fluoride with a Ring‐Like Nanostructure. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐010‐68903040
| | - Jing Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐010‐68903040
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐010‐68903040
| | - Ning Sui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Qionghua Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, P. R. China, Fax: +86‐010‐68903040
| | - Xiuling Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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84
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85
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Dong C, van Veggel FCJM. Cation exchange in lanthanide fluoride nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2009; 3:123-30. [PMID: 19206258 DOI: 10.1021/nn8004747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cation exchange in lanthanide fluoride nanoparticles is reported. Typically, dispersible LnF(3) nanoparticles were exposed to another lanthanide ion that was roughly 5 times the amount of Ln(3+) in the nanoparticles. Results show that cation exchange of GdF(3) nanoparticles with La(3+) was almost complete in 1 min, and it also happens reversibly although the degree of exchange is not as much as the forward reaction. However, cation exchange with lanthanide ions close to each other, such as GdF(3) with Eu(3+) and NdF(3) with La(3+), did not end up with nearly full exchange, but with a significant amount of the two lanthanides. A relatively small driving force for the cation exchange is suggested by the experimental results, which is also confirmed by calculations based on a thermodynamic cycle. This unprecedented finding in the field of lanthanide-based nanoparticles raises the question whether reported core-shell structures were indeed made and, at the same time, it opens up new pathways to make nanomaterials that cannot be made directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunhai Dong
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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86
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Du YP, Zhang YW, Sun LD, Yan CH. Optically active uniform potassium and lithium rare earth fluoride nanocrystals derived from metal trifluroacetate precursors. Dalton Trans 2009:8574-81. [DOI: 10.1039/b909145a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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87
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Pich A, Zhang F, Shen L, Berger S, Ornatsky O, Baranov V, Winnik MA. Biocompatible hybrid nanogels. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:2171-5. [PMID: 19003827 PMCID: PMC2766817 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200801159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrij Pich
- Dr. Andrij Pich Department of Macromolecular Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062, Dresden, Germany Dr. Olga Ornatsky, Prof. Mitchell A. Winnik Department of Chemistry University of Toronto, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Olga Ornatsky
- Dr. Andrij Pich Department of Macromolecular Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062, Dresden, Germany Dr. Olga Ornatsky, Prof. Mitchell A. Winnik Department of Chemistry University of Toronto, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Dr. Andrij Pich Department of Macromolecular Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062, Dresden, Germany Dr. Olga Ornatsky, Prof. Mitchell A. Winnik Department of Chemistry University of Toronto, M5S 3H6 Toronto, Canada
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88
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Controlling energy transfer between multiple dopants within a single nanoparticle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:1809-13. [PMID: 18250307 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0711638105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex core-shell architectures are implemented within LaF3 nanoparticles to allow for a tailored degree of energy transfer (ET) between different rare earth dopants. By constraining specific dopants to individual shells, their relative distance to one another can be carefully controlled. Core-shell LaF3 nanoparticles doped with Tb3+ and Eu3+ and consisting of up to four layers were synthesized with an outer diameter of approximately 10 nm. It is found that by varying the thicknesses of an undoped layer between a Tb3+-doped layer and a Eu3+-doped layer, the degree of ET can be engineered to allow for zero, partial, or total ET from a donor ion to an acceptor ion. More specifically, the ratio of the intensities of the 541-nm Tb3+ and 590 nm Eu3+ peaks was tailored from <0.2 to approximately 2.4 without changing the overall composition of the particles but only by changing the internal structure. Further, the emission spectrum of a blend of singly doped nanoparticles is shown to be equivalent to the spectra of co-doped particles when a core-shell configuration that restricts ET is used. Beyond simply controlling ET, which can be limiting when designing materials for optical applications, this approach can be used to obtain truly engineered spectral features from nanoparticles and composites made from them. Further, it allows for a single excitation source to yield multiple discrete emissions from numerous lanthanide dopants that heretofore would have been quenched in a more conventional active optical material.
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89
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90
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Li C, Quan Z, Yang P, Yang J, Lian H, Lin J. Shape controllable synthesis and upconversion properties of NaYbF4/NaYbF4:Er3+ and YbF3/YbF3:Er3+ microstructures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b717363f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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91
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Mahalingam V, Sudarsan V, Munusamy P, van Veggel FCJM, Wang R, Steckl AJ, Raudsepp M. Mg 2+-doped GaN nanoparticles as blue-light emitters: a method to avoid sintering at high temperatures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2008; 4:105-110. [PMID: 18081135 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200700107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bright blue-light emission at 410 nm is observed from Mg(2+)-doped GaN nanoparticles prepared by the nitridation of Ga(2)MgO(4) nanoparticles at 950 degrees C. The sintering of these nanoparticles during high-temperature nitridation was prevented by mixing the Ga(2)MgO(4) precursor nanoparticles with La(2)O(3) as an inert matrix before the nitridation process. The Mg(2+)-doped GaN nanoparticles were isolated from the matrix by etching with 10 % nitric acid. The Mg(2+)-doped GaN nanoparticles were characterized by photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and IR analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataramanan Mahalingam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6, Canada
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92
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Wang J, Bo S, Song L, Hu J, Liu X, Zhen Z. One-step synthesis of highly water-soluble LaF(3):Ln(3+) nanocrystals in methanol without using any ligands. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2007; 18:465606. [PMID: 21730486 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/18/46/465606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble infrared-to-visible fluorescent LaF(3) nanocrystals doped with different lanthanide ions (Er(3+)/Yb(3+), Eu(3+), Nd(3+), Tb(3+)) have been synthesized in methanol without using any ligands. These nanocrystals are easily dispersed in water, producing a transparent colloidal solution. The colloids of the Er(3+)/Yb(3+), Eu(3+), Nd(3+), Tb(3+) doped nanocrystals exhibit strong luminescence in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshe Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Molecular Engineering, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People's Republic of China. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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93
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Häntzschel N, Zhang F, Eckert F, Pich A, Winnik MA. Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-glycidyl methacrylate) aqueous microgels labeled with fluorescent LaF3:Eu nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:10793-800. [PMID: 17854211 DOI: 10.1021/la701691g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis and properties of functional microgel particles based on poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (PVCL/PGMA) copolymer. A series of colloidally stable microgel particles with a range of glycidyl methacrylate content were prepared by surfactant-free heterophase polymerization in water. The microgel particles obtained had hydrodynamic radii between 250 and 350 nm and were fairly monodisperse in size; however, a broadening of the particle size distribution was observed for samples with a low GMA content. The PVCL/PGMA microgel particles exhibit thermally responsive reversible changes in diameter in water, and the swelling degree increased with the PVCL fraction in the copolymer structure. These microgels were then modified with photoluminescent europium-doped lanthanum fluoride nanoparticles (LaF3:Eu-AEP) through reaction of the 2-aminoethyl phosphate surface ligands with epoxy groups present in the microgel. These hybrid microgels were colloidally stable and thermally responsive in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Häntzschel
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry and Textile Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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94
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Sivakumar S, van Veggel FCJM, Raudsepp M. Sensitized Emission from Lanthanide-Doped Nanoparticles Embedded in a Semiconductor Sol–Gel Thin Film. Chemphyschem 2007; 8:1677-83. [PMID: 17583905 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200700283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In(2)O(3) sol-gel thin films made with LaF(3):Ln(3+) (Ln=Er, Nd, and Eu) nanoparticles were prepared and showed sensitized emission of the lanthanide ions after In(2)O(3) matrix excitation. The excitation spectra showed an In(2)O(3) absorption band in addition to the excitation peaks of the lanthanide ions, clearly demonstrating that there is energy transfer from the In(2)O(3) matrix to Ln(3+) (Er(3+), Nd(3+), and Eu(3+)). Similarly, HfO(2) and ZrO(2) sol-gel thin films made with LaF(3):Ln(3+) nanoparticles also showed energy transfer from the semiconductor matrix to the lanthanide ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Sivakumar
- University of Victoria, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6, Canada
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95
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Sivakumar S, Diamente PR, van Veggel FCJM. Silica-coated Ln3+-Doped LaF3 nanoparticles as robust down- and upconverting biolabels. Chemistry 2007; 12:5878-84. [PMID: 16741910 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of nearly monodisperse (40 nm), silica-coated LaF(3):Ln(3+) nanoparticles and their bioconjugation to FITC-avidin (FITC=fluorescein isothiocyanate) is described in this report. Doping of the LaF(3) core with selected luminescent Ln(3+) ions allows the particles to display a range of emission lines from the visible to the near-infrared region (lambda=450-1650 nm). First, the use of Tb(3+) and Eu(3+) ions resulted in green (lambda=541 nm) and red (lambda=591 and 612 nm) emissions, respectively, by energy downconversion processes. Second, the use of Nd(3+) gave emission lines at lambda=870, 1070 and 1350 nm and Er(3+) gave an emission line at lambda=1540 nm by energy downconversion processes. Additionally, the Er(3+) ions gave green and red emissions and Tm(3+) ions gave an emission at lambda=800 nm by upconversion processes when codoped with Yb(3+) (lambda(ex)=980 nm). Bioconjugation of avidin, which has a bound fluorophore (FITC) as the reporter, was carried out by means of surface modification of the silica particles with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, followed by reaction with the biotin-N-hydroxysuccinimide activated ester to form an amide bond, imparting biological activity to the particles. A 25-fold or better increase in the FITC signal relative to the non-biotinylated silica particles indicated that there is minimal nonspecific binding of FITC-avidin to the silica particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Sivakumar
- University of Victoria, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
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96
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Sun X, Zhang YW, Du YP, Yan ZG, Si R, You LP, Yan CH. From trifluoroacetate complex precursors to monodisperse rare-earth fluoride and oxyfluoride nanocrystals with diverse shapes through controlled fluorination in solution phase. Chemistry 2007; 13:2320-32. [PMID: 17163562 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report the first systematic synthesis of monodisperse rare-earth (RE=La to Lu, Y) fluoride and oxyfluoride nanocrystals with diverse shapes (trigonal REF3 triangular, truncated-triangular, hexagonal, and polygonal nanoplates; orthorhombic REF3 quadrilateral and zigzag-shaped nanoplates; cubic REOF nanopolyhedra and nanorods) from single-source precursors (SSP) of [RE(CF(3)COO)(3)] through controlled fluorination in oleic acid (OA)/oleylamine (OM)/1-octadecene (ODE). To selectively obtain REF3 or REOF nanocrystals, the fluorination of the RE-O bond to the RE-F bond at the nucleation stage was controlled by finely tuning the ratio of OA/ODE or OA/OM, and the reaction temperature. For phase-pure REF3 or REOF naocrystals, their shape-selective syntheses could be realized by further modifying the reaction conditions. The two-dimensional growth of the REF3 nanoplates and the one-dimensional growth of the REOF nanorods were likely due to the selective adsorption of the capping ligands on specific crystal planes of the nanocrystals. Those well-shaped nanocrystals with diverse geometric symmetries (such as D(3h), D(6h), C(2h), O(h), and D(nh)) displayed a remarkable capability to form self-assembled superlattices. By manipulating the solvent-substrate combination, the plate-shaped REF3 nanocrystals could form highly ordered nanoarrays by means of either the face-to-face formation or the edge-to-edge formation. By using this SSP strategy, we also obtained high-quality LaF3:Eu and LaF3:Eu/LaF3 triangular nanoplates that showed photoluminescent red emissions of Eu3+ ions sensitive to the surface effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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97
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Lo AYH, Sudarsan V, Sivakumar S, van Veggel F, Schurko RW. Multinuclear Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy of Doped Lanthanum Fluoride Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:4687-700. [PMID: 17385858 DOI: 10.1021/ja068604b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments are applied to comprehensively characterize a series of pure and lanthanide-doped LaF3 nanoparticles (NPs) that are capped with di-n-octadectyldithiophosphate ligands (Ln3+ = diamagnetic Y3+ and Sc3+ and paramagnetic Yb3+ ions), as well as correlated bulk microcrystalline materials (LaF3, YF3, and ScF3). Solid-state 139La and 19F NMR spectroscopy of bulk LaF3 and the LaF3 NPs reveal that the inorganic core of the NP retains the LaF3 structure at the molecular level; however, inhomogeneous broadening of the NMR powder patterns arises from distributions of 139La and 19F NMR interactions, confirming a gradual change in the La and F site environments from the NP core to the surface. 139La and 19F NMR experiments also indicate that low levels (5 and 10 mol %) of Ln3+ doping do not significantly change the LaF3 structure in the NP core. Similar doping levels of paramagnetic Yb3+ ions severely broaden 19F resonances, but only marginally effect 139La powder patterns, suggesting that the dopant ions are uniformly distributed throughout the NP core and occupy vacant La sites. Measurements of 139La T1 and T2 relaxation constants are seen to vary between the bulk material and NPs and between samples with diamagnetic and paramagnetic dopants. 45Sc NMR experiments confirm that the dopants are integrated into the La sites of the LaF3 core. Solid-state 1H and 31P magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra aid in probing the nature of the capping ligands and their interactions at the NP surface. 31P cross-polarization (CP)/MAS NMR experiments identify not only the dithiophosphate head groups but also thiophosphate and phosphate species which may form during NP synthesis. Finally, 19F-31P CP/MAS and 1H MAS experiments confirm that ligands are coordinated to the NP surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Y H Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada N9B 3P4
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98
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Fan W, Song X, Bu Y, Sun S, Zhao X. Selected-Control Hydrothermal Synthesis and Formation Mechanism of Monazite- and Zircon-Type LaVO4 Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:23247-54. [PMID: 17107173 DOI: 10.1021/jp0646832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Selective-controlled structure and shape of LaVO(4) nanocrystals were successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method without the presence of catalysts or templates. It was found that tuning the pH of the growth solution was a crucial step for the control of the structure transformation, that is, from monoclinic (m-) to tetragonal (t-) phase, and morphology evolution of LaVO(4) nanocrystals. Further studies demonstrated that the morphology of the product had a strong dependence on the initial lanthanum sources. In the La(NO(3))(3) or LaCl(3) reaction system, pure t-LaVO(4) nanorods with uniform diameters about 10 nm could be obtained. But when using La(2)(SO(4))(3) as the lanthanum source, we can get t-LaVO(4) nanowiskers with broomlike morphology. The detailed systematic study had shown that a special dissolution-recrystallization transformation mechanism as well as an Ostwald ripening process was responsible for the phase control and anisotropic morphology evolution of the LaVO(4) nanocrystals. As a result, the controlled synthesis of m- and t-LaVO(4) not only has great theoretical significance in studying the polymorph control and selective synthesis of inorganic materials but also benefits the potential applications based on LaVO(4) nanocrystals owing to the unusual luminescent properties induced by structural transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
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99
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Zhu L, Liu X, Liu X, Li Q, Li J, Zhang S, Meng J, Cao X. Facile sonochemical synthesis of CePO(4):Tb/LaPO(4) core/shell nanorods with highly improved photoluminescent properties. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2006; 17:4217-4222. [PMID: 21727562 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/16/036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A simple, efficient and quick method has been established for the synthesis of CePO(4):Tb nanorods and CePO(4):Tb/LaPO(4) core/shell nanorods via ultrasound irradiation of inorganic salt aqueous solution under ambient conditions for 2 h. The as-prepared products were characterized by means of powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) spectra and lifetimes. TEM micrographs show that all of the as-prepared cerium phosphate products have rod-like shape, and have a relatively high degree of crystallinity and uniformity. HRTEM micrographs and SAED results prove that these nanorods are single crystalline in nature. The emission intensity and lifetime of the CePO(4):Tb/LaPO(4) core/shell nanorods increased significantly with respect to those of CePO(4):Tb core nanorods under the same conditions. A substantial reduction in reaction time as well as reaction temperature is observed compared with the hydrothermal process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Chemistry and Physics, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, People's Republic of China. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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100
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Diamente PR, Burke RD, van Veggel FCJM. Bioconjugation of Ln3+-doped LaF3 nanoparticles to avidin. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:1782-8. [PMID: 16460106 DOI: 10.1021/la052589r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The binding of Eu3+-doped LaF3 nanoparticles with biotin moieties at the surface of the stabilizing ligand layer to avidin, immobilized on cross-linked aragose beads, is described. The biotin moieties were attached to the nanoparticles by reaction of an activated ester with the amino groups on the surface of the nanoparticles resulting from the 2-aminoethyl phosphate ligands that were coordinated to the surface through the phosphate end. This strategy of employing the reactions of amines with activated esters provides a general platform to modify the surface of the 2-aminophosphate stabilized Ln3+-doped LaF3 nanoparticles with biologically relevant groups. Significant suppression of nonspecific binding to the avidin modified aragose beads has been realized by the incorporation of poly(ethylene glycol) units via the same reaction of a primary amine with an activated ester. The particle size distribution of the functionalized nanoparticles was within 10-50 nm, with a quantum yield of 19% in H2O for the LaF3 nanoparticles codoped with Ce3+ and Tb3+. A discreet, 4 unit poly(ethylene glycol) spaced heterobifunctional cross-linker, functionalized with biotin and N-hydroxysuccinimide at opposite termini, was covalently linked to the 2-aminoethyl phosphate ligand via the N-hydroxysuccinimide activated ester, making an amide bond, imparting biological activity to the particle. Modification of the remaining unreacted amino groups of the stabilizing ligands was done with Me(OCH2CH2)3CH2CH2(C=O)-NHS (NHS = N-hydroxysuccinimide).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Diamente
- University of Victoria, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada V8W 3V6
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