51
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Filipović A, DŽambaski Z, Vasiljević-Radović D, BondŽić BP. Visible light promoted photoredox C(sp 3)-H bond functionalization of tetrahydroisoquinolines in flow. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2668-2675. [PMID: 33666639 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02582h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A merger of organocatalysis and visible light photoredox catalysis performed in flow allowed access to a wide range of functionalized N-aryl-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) in a formal C-H oxidation/Mannich reaction. Strecker type functionalization and copper-catalyzed alkynylation of several N-aryl-substituted THIQs were also successfully performed in flow, giving valuable products with high efficiencies. The use of custom-made porous polymeric type microreactors proved to be crucial regarding the C-H oxidation step and overall reaction performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Filipović
- University of Belgrade-Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
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52
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mayer
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Knut R. Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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53
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Abstract
On the basis of earlier results with furan and thiophene derivatives of benzobicyclo[3.2.1]octadiene, photocatalytic oxygenation of novel furo- and thieno heterostilbenes with water-soluble manganese(III) porphyrins offered suitable possibilities to study their reactivities and reaction pathways depending on the heteroatom and the catalyst charge. The experiments were carried out in two reactors types (batch and microflow) to investigate the geometric effects. NMR spectroscopy, GC, and UPLC/MS analyses were applied for identification and quantification of the products. As our results indicated, the 2-thienyl and the common p-tolyl groups in the starting compounds remained intact due to their stronger aromaticity. Hence, the thieno derivative underwent oxygenation only at the open-chain part of the molecule, and the rates of its reactions were much lower than those of the furyl analogue. The less stable furan ring was easily oxygenated, its products with highest ratios were 2-furanon derivatives. Epoxide formation occurred at the open-chain parts of both substrates preferably by the anionic catalyst. Nevertheless, the conversion rates of the substrates were higher with the cationic porphyrin, according to electrophilic attacks by photogenerated Mn(V)=O species. Additionally, the reactions were significantly faster in microflow reactors due to the more favorable circumstances of mass transfer, diffusion, and light penetration.
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54
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Kleoff M, Schwan J, Christmann M, Heretsch P. A Modular, Argon-Driven Flow Platform for Natural Product Synthesis and Late-Stage Transformations. Org Lett 2021; 23:2370-2374. [PMID: 33689372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A modular flow platform for natural product synthesis was designed. To access different reaction setups with a maximum of flexibility, interchangeable 3D-printed components serve as backbone. By switching from liquid- to gas-driven flow, reagent and solvent waste is minimized, which translates into an advantageous sustainability profile. To enable inert conditions, "Schlenk-in-flow" techniques for the safe handling of oxygen- and moisture sensitive reagents were developed. Adopting these techniques, reproducible transformations in natural product synthesis were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Kleoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Schwan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Christmann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Heretsch
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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55
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Jiao J, Nie W, Yu T, Yang F, Zhang Q, Aihemaiti F, Yang T, Liu X, Wang J, Li P. Multi-Step Continuous-Flow Organic Synthesis: Opportunities and Challenges. Chemistry 2021; 27:4817-4838. [PMID: 33034923 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Continuous-flow multi-step synthesis takes the advantages of microchannel flow chemistry and may transform the conventional multi-step organic synthesis by using integrated synthetic systems. To realize the goal, however, innovative chemical methods and techniques are urgently required to meet the significant remaining challenges. In the past few years, by using green reactions, telescoped chemical design, and/or novel in-line separation techniques, major and rapid advancement has been made in this direction. This minireview summarizes the most recent reports (2017-2020) on continuous-flow synthesis of functional molecules. Notably, several complex active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have been prepared by the continuous-flow approach. Key technologies to the successes and remaining challenges are discussed. These results exemplified the feasibility of using modern continuous-flow chemistry for complex synthetic targets, and bode well for the future development of integrated, automated artificial synthetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Jiao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China.,Xian Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wenzheng Nie
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China.,Xian Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, P. R. China
| | - Feierdaiweisi Aihemaiti
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China.,Xian Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Tingjun Yang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China.,Xian Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xuanyu Liu
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China.,Xian Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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56
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Domokos A, Nagy B, Szilágyi B, Marosi G, Nagy ZK. Integrated Continuous Pharmaceutical Technologies—A Review. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- András Domokos
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Organic Chemistry and Technology Department, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Nagy
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Organic Chemistry and Technology Department, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Botond Szilágyi
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Marosi
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Organic Chemistry and Technology Department, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Kristóf Nagy
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Organic Chemistry and Technology Department, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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57
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Sagmeister P, Lebl R, Castillo I, Rehrl J, Kruisz J, Sipek M, Horn M, Sacher S, Cantillo D, Williams JD, Kappe CO. Advanced Real‐Time Process Analytics for Multistep Synthesis in Continuous Flow**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sagmeister
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - René Lebl
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Ismael Castillo
- Institute of Automation and Control Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 21b 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Jakob Rehrl
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Julia Kruisz
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Martin Sipek
- Evon GmbH Wollsdorf 154 8181 St. Ruprecht a. d. Raab Austria
| | - Martin Horn
- Institute of Automation and Control Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 21b 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Stephan Sacher
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
| | - David Cantillo
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Jason D. Williams
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Inffeldgasse 13 8010 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz, NAWI Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
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58
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Kimmig J, Zechel S, Schubert US. Digital Transformation in Materials Science: A Paradigm Change in Material's Development. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2004940. [PMID: 33410218 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing digitalization is rapidly changing and will further revolutionize all parts of life. This statement is currently omnipresent in the media as well as in the scientific community; however, the exact consequences of the proceeding digitalization for the field of materials science in general and the way research will be performed in the future are still unclear. There are first promising examples featuring the potential to change discovery and development approaches toward new materials. Nevertheless, a wide range of open questions have to be solved in order to enable the so-called digital-supported material research. The current state-of-the-art, the present and future challenges, as well as the resulting perspectives for materials science are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kimmig
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Stefan Zechel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany
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59
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Jin Q, Lu B, Pan Y, Tao X, Himmelhaver C, Shen Y, Gu S, Zeng Y, Li X. Novel porous ceramic sheet supported metal reactors for continuous-flow catalysis. Catal Today 2021; 358:324-332. [PMID: 33424117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel porous ceramic sheet supported nickel particles reactor was obtained by an in-situ preparation method. This reactor was then used to investigate continuous-flow catalysis of nitroaromatic compounds and methyl orange. The details of the structure and morphology were characterized by XRD, SEM, XPS, Raman, element mapping, mercury intrusion method and Archimedes principle. The porous ceramic sheet supported Ni particles reactor exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol and methyl orange by sodium borohydride at room temperature. Both the conversion of p-nitrophenol (5 mM) and methyl orange (0.3 mM) reached nearly 100% at the injection speed of 2.67 mL·min-1. In addition, it maintained conversions of 100% after 10 recycling time since the porous ceramic sheet could reduce the aggregation for Ni particles. Furthermore, the chemisorbed oxygen, and the strong interaction between Ni and porous ceramic sheet resulted in a highly efficient, recoverable, and cost-effective multifunctional reactor. All of these advantages present new opportunities to be implemented in the field of waste water treatment and environmental toxicology. Ultimately, the porous ceramic sheet could also support other metal nanomaterial, and used in other fields of environmental catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijie Jin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Environmental Science & Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Bingxu Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Youchun Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xingjun Tao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cindy Himmelhaver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Environmental Science & Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Yuesong Shen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sasa Gu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanwei Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - XiuJun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Environmental Science & Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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60
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Das A, Chatani N. Rh(i)- and Rh(ii)-catalyzed C-H alkylation of benzylamines with alkenes and its application in flow chemistry. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3202-3209. [PMID: 34164088 PMCID: PMC8179371 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05813k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rh-catalyzed C–H alkylation of benzylamines with alkenes using a picolinamide derivative as a directing group is reported. Both Rh(i) and Rh(ii) complexes can be used as active catalysts for this transformation. In addition, a flow set up was designed to successfully mimic this process under flow conditions. Several examples are presented under flow conditions and it was confirmed that a flow process is advantageous over a batch process. Deuterium labelling experiments were performed to elucidate the mechanism of the reaction, and the results indicated a possible carbene mechanism for this C–H alkylation process. Rh(i)- and Rh(ii)-catalyzed C–H alkylation of benzylamines with alkenes using a picolinamide derivative as a directing group is reported under both batch and flow.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Das
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Naoto Chatani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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61
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Naramittanakul A, Buttranon S, Petchsuk A, Chaiyen P, Weeranoppanant N. Development of a continuous-flow system with immobilized biocatalysts towards sustainable bioprocessing. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00189b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Implementing immobilized biocatalysts in continuous-flow systems can enable a sustainable process through enhanced enzyme stability, better transport and process continuity as well as simplified recycle and downstream processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apisit Naramittanakul
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Supacha Buttranon
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Atitsa Petchsuk
- National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Nopphon Weeranoppanant
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering (BSE), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
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62
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Li J, Šimek H, Ilioae D, Jung N, Bräse S, Zappe H, Dittmeyer R, Ladewig BP. In situ sensors for flow reactors – a review. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1re00038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive review on integrating microfluidic reactors with in situ sensors for reaction probing of chemical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Institute for Micro Process Engineering (IMVT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Helena Šimek
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - David Ilioae
- Gisela and Erwin Sick Laboratory for Micro-optics, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Hans Zappe
- Gisela and Erwin Sick Laboratory for Micro-optics, Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Dittmeyer
- Institute for Micro Process Engineering (IMVT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Bradley P. Ladewig
- Institute for Micro Process Engineering (IMVT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
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63
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schwarze
- Technische Universität Berlin Department of Chemistry, TC8 Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Germany
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64
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Kataoka S, Inagaki S. Microreactor Coated with Mesoporous Organosilica Thin Film as a Support for Metal Complex Catalysts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kataoka
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305‐8565 Ibaraki Japan
| | - Shinji Inagaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1‐1‐1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305‐8565 Ibaraki Japan
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65
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Buendia MB, Kegnæs S, Kramer S. A Nickel‐Bisdiamine Porous Organic Polymer as Heterogeneous Chiral Catalyst for Asymmetric Michael Addition to Aliphatic Nitroalkenes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel B. Buendia
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Søren Kegnæs
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Søren Kramer
- Department of Chemistry Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
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66
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Forni JA, Micic N, Connell TU, Weragoda G, Polyzos A. Tandem Photoredox Catalysis: Enabling Carbonylative Amidation of Aryl and Alkylhalides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18646-18654. [PMID: 32621297 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report a new visible-light-mediated carbonylative amidation of aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl halides. A tandem catalytic cycle of [Ir(ppy)2 (dtb-bpy)]+ generates a potent iridium photoreductant through a second catalytic cycle in the presence of DIPEA, which productively engages aryl bromides, iodides, and even chlorides as well as primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl iodides. The versatile in situ generated catalyst is compatible with aliphatic and aromatic amines, shows high functional-group tolerance, and enables the late-stage amidation of complex natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Forni
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Nenad Micic
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Timothy U Connell
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Geethika Weragoda
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Anastasios Polyzos
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
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67
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Kuijpers KPL, Weggemans WMA, Verwijlen CJA, Noël T. Flow chemistry experiments in the undergraduate teaching laboratory: synthesis of diazo dyes and disulfides. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-020-00118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBy embedding flow technology in the early phases of academic education, students are exposed to both the theoretical and practical aspects of this modern and widely-used technology. Herein, two laboratory flow experiments are described which have been carried out by first year undergraduate students at Eindhoven University of Technology. The experiments are designed to be relatively risk-free and they exploit widely available equipment and cheap capillary flow reactors. The experiments allow students to develop a hands-on understanding of continuous processing and gives them insights in both organic chemistry and chemical engineering. Furthermore, they learn about the benefits of microreactors, continuous processing, multistep reaction sequences and multiphase chemistry. Undoubtedly, such skills are highly valued in both academia and the chemical industry.
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68
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary P. Gates
- p53 Lab, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Nina Hartrampf
- Department of Chemistry University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
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69
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Schnoor J, Schulte LD, Liauw MA. Heat on – Calibration of IR Spectroscopy at Process Conditions for Continuous Esterification. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann‐Kilian Schnoor
- RWTH Aachen University Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC) Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Lennard D. Schulte
- RWTH Aachen University Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC) Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Marcel A. Liauw
- RWTH Aachen University Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie (ITMC) Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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70
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Catalán M, Castro-Castillo V, Gajardo-de la Fuente J, Aguilera J, Ferreira J, Ramires-Fernandez R, Olmedo I, Molina-Berríos A, Palominos C, Valencia M, Domínguez M, Souto JA, Jara JA. Continuous flow synthesis of lipophilic cations derived from benzoic acid as new cytotoxic chemical entities in human head and neck carcinoma cell lines. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:1210-1225. [PMID: 33479625 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00153h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Continuous flow chemistry was used for the synthesis of a series of delocalized lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cations (DLCs) linked by means of an ester functional group to several hydroxylated benzoic acid derivatives and evaluated in terms of both reaction time and selectivity. The synthesized compounds showed cytotoxic activity and selectivity in head and neck tumor cell lines. The mechanism of action of the molecules involved a mitochondrial uncoupling effect and a decrease in both intracellular ATP production and apoptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Catalán
- Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program , Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM) , Faculty of Medicine , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , 8380453 , Chile
| | - Vicente Castro-Castillo
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry , Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Universidad de Chile , Santos Dumont 964 , Santiago 8380494 , Chile
| | - Javier Gajardo-de la Fuente
- Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry , Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Universidad de Chile , Santos Dumont 964 , Santiago 8380494 , Chile
| | - Jocelyn Aguilera
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD) , Faculty of Dentistry , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , 8380492 , Chile . ; Tel: +56 2 29781730
| | - Jorge Ferreira
- Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program , Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM) , Faculty of Medicine , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , 8380453 , Chile
| | | | - Ivonne Olmedo
- Physiopathology Program , Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM) , Faculty of Medicine , Universidad de Chile , Santiago 8380453 , Chile
| | - Alfredo Molina-Berríos
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD) , Faculty of Dentistry , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , 8380492 , Chile . ; Tel: +56 2 29781730
| | - Charlotte Palominos
- Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program , Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM) , Faculty of Medicine , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , 8380453 , Chile
| | - Marcelo Valencia
- Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program , Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM) , Faculty of Medicine , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , 8380453 , Chile
| | - Marta Domínguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Química , CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur , Universidade de Vigo , E-36310 , Vigo , Spain .
| | - José A Souto
- Departamento de Química Orgánica , Facultad de Química , CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur , Universidade de Vigo , E-36310 , Vigo , Spain .
| | - José A Jara
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD) , Faculty of Dentistry , Universidad de Chile , Santiago , 8380492 , Chile . ; Tel: +56 2 29781730
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71
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Saito Y, Kobayashi S. Development of Robust Heterogeneous Chiral Rhodium Catalysts Utilizing Acid-Base and Electrostatic Interactions for Efficient Continuous-Flow Asymmetric Hydrogenations. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16546-16551. [PMID: 32902272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous chiral Rh catalysts based on acid-base and electrostatic interactions have been developed. The robust catalysts demonstrate high activity and selectivity in the continuous-flow asymmetric hydrogenation of a wide variety of enamides and dehydroamino acids, providing optically active amides without leaching of metal species. The chiral environments can be easily tuned by changing the chiral ligands, demonstrating the high versatility of the heterogeneous catalysts. By applying these efficient catalysts, continuous synthesis of several active pharmaceutical ingredient intermediates was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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72
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Forni JA, Micic N, Connell TU, Weragoda G, Polyzos A. Tandem Photoredox Catalysis: Enabling Carbonylative Amidation of Aryl and Alkylhalides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Forni
- School of Chemistry The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Nenad Micic
- School of Chemistry The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
| | | | | | - Anastasios Polyzos
- School of Chemistry The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing Research Way Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia
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73
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Tang XF, Zhao JN, Wu YF, Zheng ZH, Ma CF, Yu ZY, Yun L, Liu GZ, Meng QW. Asymmetric α-hydroxylation of β-dicarbonyl compounds by C-2′ modified cinchonine-derived phase-transfer catalysts in batch and flow microreactors. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1781183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
- Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Hao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Cun-Fei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Zong-Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Wei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, P.R. China
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74
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Gérardy R, Debecker DP, Estager J, Luis P, Monbaliu JCM. Continuous Flow Upgrading of Selected C 2-C 6 Platform Chemicals Derived from Biomass. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7219-7347. [PMID: 32667196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The ever increasing industrial production of commodity and specialty chemicals inexorably depletes the finite primary fossil resources available on Earth. The forecast of population growth over the next 3 decades is a very strong incentive for the identification of alternative primary resources other than petro-based ones. In contrast with fossil resources, renewable biomass is a virtually inexhaustible reservoir of chemical building blocks. Shifting the current industrial paradigm from almost exclusively petro-based resources to alternative bio-based raw materials requires more than vibrant political messages; it requires a profound revision of the concepts and technologies on which industrial chemical processes rely. Only a small fraction of molecules extracted from biomass bears significant chemical and commercial potentials to be considered as ubiquitous chemical platforms upon which a new, bio-based industry can thrive. Owing to its inherent assets in terms of unique process experience, scalability, and reduced environmental footprint, flow chemistry arguably has a major role to play in this context. This review covers a selection of C2 to C6 bio-based chemical platforms with existing commercial markets including polyols (ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, glycerol, 1,4-butanediol, xylitol, and sorbitol), furanoids (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural) and carboxylic acids (lactic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, itaconic acid, and levulinic acid). The aim of this review is to illustrate the various aspects of upgrading bio-based platform molecules toward commodity or specialty chemicals using new process concepts that fall under the umbrella of continuous flow technology and that could change the future perspectives of biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romaric Gérardy
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B-4000 Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Damien P Debecker
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Research & Innovation Centre for Process Engineering (ReCIPE), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Julien Estager
- Certech, Rue Jules Bordet 45, Zone Industrielle C, B-7180 Seneffe, Belgium
| | - Patricia Luis
- Research & Innovation Centre for Process Engineering (ReCIPE), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Materials & Process Engineering (iMMC-IMAP), UCLouvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, B-4000 Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium
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75
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Maier MC, Valotta A, Hiebler K, Soritz S, Gavric K, Grabner B, Gruber-Woelfler H. 3D Printed Reactors for Synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Continuous Flow. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel C. Maier
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Alessia Valotta
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Katharina Hiebler
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Sebastian Soritz
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Kristian Gavric
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Bianca Grabner
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, 8010, Austria
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76
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77
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Railian S, Haven JJ, Maes L, De Sloovere D, Trouillet V, Welle A, Adriaensens P, Van Bael MK, Hardy A, Deferme W, Junkers T. Photo-induced copper-mediated (meth)acrylate polymerization towards graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide modification. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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78
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Hartrampf N, Saebi A, Poskus M, Gates ZP, Callahan AJ, Cowfer AE, Hanna S, Antilla S, Schissel CK, Quartararo AJ, Ye X, Mijalis AJ, Simon MD, Loas A, Liu S, Jessen C, Nielsen TE, Pentelute BL. Synthesis of proteins by automated flow chemistry. Science 2020; 368:980-987. [PMID: 32467387 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomes can produce proteins in minutes and are largely constrained to proteinogenic amino acids. Here, we report highly efficient chemistry matched with an automated fast-flow instrument for the direct manufacturing of peptide chains up to 164 amino acids long over 327 consecutive reactions. The machine is rapid: Peptide chain elongation is complete in hours. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by the chemical synthesis of nine different protein chains that represent enzymes, structural units, and regulatory factors. After purification and folding, the synthetic materials display biophysical and enzymatic properties comparable to the biologically expressed proteins. High-fidelity automated flow chemistry is an alternative for producing single-domain proteins without the ribosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hartrampf
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A Saebi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - M Poskus
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Z P Gates
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Callahan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A E Cowfer
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Hanna
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Antilla
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - C K Schissel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Quartararo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - X Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A J Mijalis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - M D Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - A Loas
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - S Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - C Jessen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - T E Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark
| | - B L Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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79
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Van De Walle M, De Bruycker K, Blinco JP, Barner‐Kowollik C. Two Colour Photoflow Chemistry for Macromolecular Design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14143-14147. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van De Walle
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Kevin De Bruycker
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - James P. Blinco
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
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80
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Van De Walle M, De Bruycker K, Blinco JP, Barner‐Kowollik C. Zweifarbiges Licht in der Durchflusssynthese für makromolekulares Design. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Van De Walle
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
| | - Kevin De Bruycker
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
| | - James P. Blinco
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George St. Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
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81
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Wang Y, Duan H, Tan Z, Meng X, Xiao FS. Illuminating solvent-free synthesis of zeolites. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6939-6944. [PMID: 32307488 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00142b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the merits of the accelerated crystallization process, high volume yields, and reduced waste production, solvent-free syntheses give new opportunities for the fabrication of zeolites. In this Frontier, a background overview is provided, consisting of a brief introduction of challenges in traditional zeolite syntheses and how solvent-free syntheses provide the right combination of properties for achieving a more sustainable route. Next, recent advancements in zeolites synthesized under solvent-free conditions are exemplified along with discussions about the strategies and principles involved. Finally, the remaining challenges and opportunities for this synthetic route are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Wang
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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82
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Trunina D, Liauw MA. Inline Spectroscopy‐Based Optimization of Chemical Reactions Considering Dynamic Process Conditions. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201900145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Trunina
- RWTH Aachen University Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Marcel A. Liauw
- RWTH Aachen University Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
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83
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Colella M, Tota A, Takahashi Y, Higuma R, Ishikawa S, Degennaro L, Luisi R, Nagaki A. Fluoro‐Substituted Methyllithium Chemistry: External Quenching Method Using Flow Microreactors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Colella
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Arianna Tota
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Higuma
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Susumu Ishikawa
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Leonardo Degennaro
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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84
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Colella M, Tota A, Takahashi Y, Higuma R, Ishikawa S, Degennaro L, Luisi R, Nagaki A. Fluoro‐Substituted Methyllithium Chemistry: External Quenching Method Using Flow Microreactors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10924-10928. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Colella
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Arianna Tota
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Ryosuke Higuma
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Susumu Ishikawa
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Leonardo Degennaro
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug SciencesFlow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology FLAME-LabUniversity of Bari “A. Moro” Via E. Orabona 4 70125 Bari Italy
| | - Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic and Biological ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
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85
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Ishitani H, Furiya Y, Kobayashi S. Enantioselective Sequential-Flow Synthesis of Baclofen Precursor via Asymmetric 1,4-Addition and Chemoselective Hydrogenation on Platinum/Carbon/Calcium Phosphate Composites. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1688-1691. [PMID: 32027466 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Continuous-flow synthesis of baclofen precursor (2) was achieved using achiral and chiral heterogeneous catalysts in high yield with high enantioselectivity. The key steps are chiral calcium-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of a malonate to a nitroalkene and chemoselective reduction of a nitro compound to the corresponding amino compound by using molecular hydrogen. A dimethylpolysilane (DMPS)-modified platinum catalyst supported on activated carbon (AC) and calcium phosphate (CP) has been developed that has remarkable activity for the selective hydrogenation of nitro compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yuichi Furiya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shu Kobayashi
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Cooperation Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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86
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Trojanowicz M. Flow Chemistry in Contemporary Chemical Sciences: A Real Variety of Its Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E1434. [PMID: 32245225 PMCID: PMC7146634 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow chemistry is an area of contemporary chemistry exploiting the hydrodynamic conditions of flowing liquids to provide particular environments for chemical reactions. These particular conditions of enhanced and strictly regulated transport of reagents, improved interface contacts, intensification of heat transfer, and safe operation with hazardous chemicals can be utilized in chemical synthesis, both for mechanization and automation of analytical procedures, and for the investigation of the kinetics of ultrafast reactions. Such methods are developed for more than half a century. In the field of chemical synthesis, they are used mostly in pharmaceutical chemistry for efficient syntheses of small amounts of active substances. In analytical chemistry, flow measuring systems are designed for environmental applications and industrial monitoring, as well as medical and pharmaceutical analysis, providing essential enhancement of the yield of analyses and precision of analytical determinations. The main concept of this review is to show the overlapping of development trends in the design of instrumentation and various ways of the utilization of specificity of chemical operations under flow conditions, especially for synthetic and analytical purposes, with a simultaneous presentation of the still rather limited correspondence between these two main areas of flow chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03–195 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02–093 Warsaw, Poland
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87
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Heredia AA, Soria-Castro SM, Castro-Godoy WD, Lemir ID, López-Vidal M, Bisogno FR, Argüello JE, Oksdath-Mansilla G. Multistep Synthesis of Organic Selenides under Visible Light Irradiation: A Continuous-Flow Approach. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián A. Heredia
- Dpto. de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Silvia M. Soria-Castro
- Dpto. de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Willber D. Castro-Godoy
- Departamento de Quı́mica, Fı́sica y Matemática, Facultad de Quı́mica y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador
| | - Ignacio D. Lemir
- Dpto. de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Martín López-Vidal
- Dpto. de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Fabricio R. Bisogno
- Dpto. de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Juan E. Argüello
- Dpto. de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Oksdath-Mansilla
- Dpto. de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Quı́micas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, INFIQC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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88
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Self-optimising reactive extractions: towards the efficient development of multi-step continuous flow processes. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-020-00086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDownstream purification of products and intermediates is essential for the development of continuous flow processes. Described herein, is a study on the use of a modular and reconfigurable continuous flow platform for the self-optimisation of reactive extractions and multi-step reaction-extraction processes. The selective extraction of one amine from a mixture of two similar amines was achieved with an optimum separation of 90%, and in this case, the black-box optimisation approach was superior to global polynomial modelling. Furthermore, this methodology was utilised to simultaneously optimise the continuous flow synthesis and work-up of N-benzyl-α-methylbenzylamine with respect to four variables, resulting in a significantly improved purity.
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89
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Lignos I, Ow H, Lopez JP, McCollum D, Zhang H, Imbrogno J, Shen Y, Chang S, Wang W, Jensen KF. Continuous Multistage Synthesis and Functionalization of Sub-100 nm Silica Nanoparticles in 3D-Printed Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor Cascades. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6699-6706. [PMID: 31922389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The controlled and continuous production of nanoparticles (NPs) with functionalized surfaces remains a technological challenge. We present a multistage synthetic platform, consisting of 3D-printed miniature continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) cascades, for the continuous synthesis and functionalization of SiO2 NPs. The use of the CSTR platform provides ideal and rapid mixing of precursor solutions, precise injection of additional reagents for multistep reactions, and facile operation when using viscous solutions and handling of syntheses with longer reaction times. To exemplify the use of such custom-designed CSTR cascades, amine- and carbohydrate-functionalized SiO2 NPs are chosen as model reaction systems. In particular, the intensified flow reactor units allowed for the reproducible formation of SiO2 NPs with diameters less than 100 nm and narrow size distributions (3-8%). Most importantly, by assembling various 3D-printed CSTR cascades, we synthesized gluconolactone-capped polyethylenimine-modified silica NPs in a fully continuous manner. The inherent control over NP surface charge, reactor scalability, and the significant shortening of processing times (less than 10 min) compared to batch methodologies (several days) strongly indicate the ability of the reactor technology to accelerate continuous nanomanufacturing. In general, it provides a simple route for the reproducible preparation of functionalized NPs, thus expanding the gamut of flow reactors for material synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Lignos
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Hooisweng Ow
- Aramco Research Center-Boston , 400 Technology Square , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Jeniffer Perea Lopez
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - D'Ante McCollum
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Haomiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Joseph Imbrogno
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Sehoon Chang
- Aramco Research Center-Boston , 400 Technology Square , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Aramco Research Center-Boston , 400 Technology Square , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Klavs F Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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90
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Synthesis of Biaryls Having a Piperidylmethyl Group Based on Space Integration of Lithiation, Borylation, and Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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91
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Reis MH, Leibfarth FA, Pitet LM. Polymerizations in Continuous Flow: Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Diverse Polymeric Materials. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:123-133. [PMID: 35638663 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The number of reports using continuous flow technology in tubular reactors to perform precision polymerizations has grown enormously in recent years. Flow polymerizations allow highly efficient preparation of polymers exhibiting well-defined molecular characteristics, and has been applied to a slew of monomers and various polymerization mechanisms, including anionic, cationic, radical, and ring-opening. Polymerization conducted in continuous flow offers several distinct advantages, including improved efficiency, reproducibility, and enhanced safety for exothermic polymerizations using highly toxic components, high pressures, and high temperatures. The further development of this technology is thus of relevance for many industrial polymerization processes. While much progress has been demonstrated in recent years, opportunities remain for increasing the compositional and architectural complexity of polymeric materials synthesized in a continuous fashion. Extending the reactor processing principles that have heretofore been focused on optimizing homopolymerization to include multisegment block copolymers, particularly from monomers that propagate via incompatible mechanisms, represents a major challenge and coveted target for continuous flow polymerization. Likewise, the spatial and temporal control of reactivity afforded by flow chemistry has and will continue to enable the production of complex polymeric architectures. This Viewpoint offers a brief background of continuous flow polymerization focused primarily on tubular (micro)reactors and includes selected examples that are relevant to these specific developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus H. Reis
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Frank A. Leibfarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Louis M. Pitet
- Advanced Polymer Functionalization Group, Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
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92
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Grabner B, Schweiger AK, Gavric K, Kourist R, Gruber-Woelfler H. A chemo-enzymatic tandem reaction in a mixture of deep eutectic solvent and water in continuous flow. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00467j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvent (DES) enables drastic increase in substrate solubility and solvent compatibility of a chemo-enzymatic two-step flow process combining enzymatic decarboxylation and Pd-catalyzed Heck coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Grabner
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Anna K. Schweiger
- Institute for Molecular Biotechnology
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Kristian Gavric
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
| | - Robert Kourist
- Institute for Molecular Biotechnology
- Graz University of Technology
- 8010 Graz
- Austria
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93
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Kim HW, Byun S, Kim SM, Kim HJ, Lei C, Kang DY, Cho A, Kim BM, Park JK. Simple reversible fixation of a magnetic catalyst in a continuous flow system: ultrafast reduction of nitroarenes and subsequent reductive amination using ammonia borane. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02021g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Continuous reductive amination was performed using NH3BH3 through reversible magnetic bimetallic fixation at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Won Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Korea
| | - Sangmoon Byun
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Seong Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Korea
| | - Ha Joon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Korea
| | - Cao Lei
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Korea
| | - Dong Yun Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Korea
| | - Ahra Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - B. Moon Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Korea
| | - Jin Kyoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials
- Pusan National University
- Busan 46241
- Korea
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94
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Bloemendal VRLJ, Janssen MACH, van Hest JCM, Rutjes FPJT. Continuous one-flow multi-step synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00087f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights a selection of multistep continuous flow (one-flow) processes leading to the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jan C. M. van Hest
- Bio-organic chemistry
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
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95
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Jin Q, Shen Y, Li X, Zeng Y. Resource utilization of waste deNOx catalyst for continuous-flow catalysis by supported metal reactors. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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96
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Ramanjaneyulu BT, Vidyacharan S, Ahn GN, Kim DP. Ultrafast synthesis of 2-(benzhydrylthio)benzo[ d]oxazole, an antimalarial drug, via an unstable lithium thiolate intermediate in a capillary microreactor. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00038h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We present an ultrafast approach for the synthesis of 2-(benzhydrylthio)benzo[d]oxazole, an antimalarial drug, in 75% yield from benzo[d]oxazole-2-thiol and benzhydryl bromide via an unstable lithium thiolate intermediate in the presence of n-BuLi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandaru T. Ramanjaneyulu
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
| | - Shinde Vidyacharan
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
| | - Gwang-Noh Ahn
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- 37673 Korea
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97
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Dhakshinamoorthy A, Navalon S, Asiri AM, Garcia H. Metal organic frameworks as solid catalysts for liquid-phase continuous flow reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:26-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc07953j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This Feature Article describes the recent developments in the use of MOFs as catalysts under continuous flow conditions illustrating that these materials can meet the required stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Navalon
- Departamento de Quimica
- Universitat Politecnica de Valencia
- 46022 Valencia
- Spain
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Hermenegildo Garcia
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research
- King Abdulaziz University
- Jeddah
- Saudi Arabia
- Departamento de Quimica and Instituto Universitario de Tecnologia Quimica (CSIC-UPV)
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98
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Brill ZG, Ritts CB, Mansoor UF, Sciammetta N. Continuous Flow Enables Metallaphotoredox Catalysis in a Medicinal Chemistry Setting: Accelerated Optimization and Library Execution of a Reductive Coupling between Benzylic Chlorides and Aryl Bromides. Org Lett 2019; 22:410-416. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary G. Brill
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Casey B. Ritts
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Umar Faruk Mansoor
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Nunzio Sciammetta
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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99
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Wang FJ, Huang JP, Xu JH. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of the Azo Pigment Yellow 14 Using a Three-Stream Micromixing Process. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Jun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jin-Pei Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian-Hong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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100
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