51
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Scholz I, van Beek JD, Ernst M. Operator-based Floquet theory in solid-state NMR. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2010; 37:39-59. [PMID: 20573488 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2010.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the application of operator-based Floquet theory in solid-state NMR. Basic expressions for calculating effective Hamiltonians based on van Vleck perturbation theory are reviewed for problems with a single frequency or multiple incommensurate frequencies. Such a treatment allows calculation of effective Hamiltonians for resonant and non-resonant problems. Examples from literature are given for single-mode to triple-mode Floquet problems, covering a wide range of applications in solid-state NMR under magic-angle spinning and radio-frequency irradiation of a single nucleus or multiple nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Scholz
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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52
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Edén M. Two-dimensional MAS NMR correlation protocols involving double-quantum filtering of quadrupolar spin-pairs. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2010; 204:99-110. [PMID: 20202872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2009] [Revised: 02/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Three two-dimensional (2D) NMR homonuclear correlation techniques invoking double-quantum (2Q) filtration of the central transitions of half-integer spins are evaluated numerically and experimentally. They correlate directly detected single-quantum (1Q) coherences in the t(2) domain with either of 1Q, two-spin 2Q or single-spin multiple-quantum coherence-evolutions in the indirect (t(1)) dimension. We employ experimental (23)Na and (27)Al NMR on sodium sulfite and the natural mineral sillimanite (SiAl(2)O(5)), in conjunction with simulated 2D spectra from pairs of dipolar-recoupled spins-3/2 and 5/2 at different external magnetic fields, to compare the correlation strategies from the viewpoints of 2D spectral resolution, signal sensitivity, implementational aspects and their relative merits for establishing internuclear proximities and quadrupolar tensor orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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53
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Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Review of Modern Techniques and Applications for Inorganic Polymers. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-010-9358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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54
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Wang Q, Hu B, Lafon O, Trébosc J, Deng F, Amoureux JP. Homonuclear dipolar recoupling under ultra-fast magic-angle spinning: probing 19F-19F proximities by solid-state NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2010; 203:113-128. [PMID: 20044288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We describe dipolar recoupling methods that accomplish, at high magic-angle spinning (MAS) frequencies, the excitation of double-quantum (DQ) coherences between spin-1/2 nuclei. We employ rotor-synchronized symmetry-based pulse sequences which are either gamma-encoded or non-gamma-encoded. The sensitivity and the robustness to both chemical-shift anisotropy and offset are examined. We also compare different techniques to avoid signal folding in the indirect dimension of two-dimensional double-quantum<-->single-quantum (DQ-SQ) spectra. This comprehensive analysis results in the identification of satisfactory conditions for dipolar (19)F-(19)F recoupling at high magnetic fields and high MAS frequencies. The utility of these recoupling methods is demonstrated with high-resolution DQ-SQ NMR spectra, which allow probing (19)F-(19)F proximities in powered fluoroaluminates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- UCCS, CNRS-8181, Lille-University, 59652, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France; State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, WIPM, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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55
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Ladizhansky V. Homonuclear dipolar recoupling techniques for structure determination in uniformly 13C-labeled proteins. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2009; 36:119-128. [PMID: 19729285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In solid-state NMR magic angle spinning is often used to remove line broadening associated with anisotropic interactions, such as chemical shift anisotropy and dipolar couplings. Dipolar recoupling refers to sequences of pulses designed to reintroduce dipolar interactions that are otherwise averaged by magic angle spinning. One of the key applications of homonuclear (and heteronuclear) dipolar recoupling is for the purpose of protein structure determination. Recoupling experiments, originally designed for applications in spin-pair labeled samples, have been revised in recent years for applications in samples with extensive or uniform incorporation of isotopic labels. In these samples multiple internuclear distances can in principle be probed simultaneously, but the dipolar truncation effects (i.e. attenuation of the effects of weak couplings by strong ones) circumvent such measurements. In this article we review some of the recent developments in homonuclear recoupling methods that allow overcoming this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Ladizhansky
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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56
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Hu B, Delevoye L, Lafon O, Trébosc J, Amoureux JP. Double-quantum NMR spectroscopy of 31P species submitted to very large CSAs. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 200:178-188. [PMID: 19616980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2009] [Revised: 06/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We introduce an original pulse sequence, BR2(2)(1)(taupitau), which is a block super-cycled R2(2)(1) sequence employing as basic element a pi pulse sandwiched by 'window' intervals. This homonuclear dipolar recoupling method allows the efficient excitation of double-quantum coherences between spin-1/2 nuclei submitted to very large chemical shift anisotropy. We demonstrate that this technique can be employed in double-quantum<-->single-quantum (31)P homonuclear correlation experiment at high magnetic field (B(0)>or=14 T) and high MAS frequencies (nu(R)>or=30 kHz). The performances of BR2(2)(1)(taupitau) are compared to those of the double-quantum recoupling methods, such as BABA and bracketed fp-RFDR, which were already employed at fast MAS rates. The BR2(2)(1)(taupitau) sequence displays a higher robustness to CSA and offset than the other existing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hu
- UCCS, CNRS-8181, Lille-University, Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
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57
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Edén M, Lo AYH. Supercycled symmetry-based double-quantum dipolar recoupling of quadrupolar spins in MAS NMR: I. Theory. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 200:267-279. [PMID: 19648039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Revised: 07/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Using average Hamiltonian (AH) theory, we analyze recently introduced homonuclear dipolar recoupling pulse sequences for exciting central-transition double-quantum coherences (2QC) between half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei undergoing magic-angle-spinning. Several previously observed differences among the recoupling schemes concerning their compensation to resonance offsets and radio-frequency (rf) inhomogeneity may qualitatively be rationalized by an AH analysis up to third perturbation order, despite its omission of first-order quadrupolar interactions. General aspects of the engineering of 2Q-recoupling pulse sequences applicable to half-integer spins are discussed, emphasizing the improvements offered from a diversity of supercycles providing enhanced suppression of undesirable AH cross-terms between resonance offsets and rf amplitude errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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58
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Nielsen AB, Bjerring M, Nielsen JT, Nielsen NC. Symmetry-based dipolar recoupling by optimal control: Band-selective experiments for assignment of solid-state NMR spectra of proteins. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:025101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3157737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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59
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Lewandowski JR, De Paëpe G, Eddy MT, Struppe J, Maas W, Griffin RG. Proton assisted recoupling at high spinning frequencies. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:9062-9. [PMID: 19489532 PMCID: PMC2738631 DOI: 10.1021/jp810280t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the successful application of (13)C-(13)C proton assisted recoupling (PAR) on [U-(13)C,(15)N] N-f-MLF-OH and [U-(13)C,(15)N] protein GB1 at high magic angle spinning (MAS) frequencies (omega(r)/2pi = 65 kHz). Specifically, by combining PAR mixing with low power heteronuclear decoupling (omega(1H)/2pi approximately 16 kHz) and high spinning frequencies, we obtain high resolution 2D spectra displaying long-range (13)C-(13)C contacts from which distance estimates can be extracted. These experiments therefore demonstrate the possibility of performing high resolution structural studies in the limit of high spinning frequency and low power (1)H decoupling, a regime which optimizes the resolution of protein samples and preserves their integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Józef R. Lewandowski
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Matthew T. Eddy
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jochem Struppe
- Bruker BioSpin Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821
| | - Werner Maas
- Bruker BioSpin Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821
| | - Robert G. Griffin
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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60
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Bayro MJ, Huber M, Ramachandran R, Davenport TC, Meier BH, Ernst M, Griffin RG. Dipolar truncation in magic-angle spinning NMR recoupling experiments. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:114506. [PMID: 19317544 DOI: 10.1063/1.3089370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative solid-state NMR distance measurements in strongly coupled spin systems are often complicated due to the simultaneous presence of multiple noncommuting spin interactions. In the case of zeroth-order homonuclear dipolar recoupling experiments, the recoupled dipolar interaction between distant spins is attenuated by the presence of stronger couplings to nearby spins, an effect known as dipolar truncation. In this article, we quantitatively investigate the effect of dipolar truncation on the polarization-transfer efficiency of various homonuclear recoupling experiments with analytical theory, numerical simulations, and experiments. In particular, using selectively (13)C-labeled tripeptides, we compare the extent of dipolar truncation in model three-spin systems encountered in protein samples produced with uniform and alternating labeling. Our observations indicate that while the extent of dipolar truncation decreases in the absence of directly bonded nuclei, two-bond dipolar couplings can generate significant dipolar truncation of small, long-range couplings. Therefore, while alternating labeling alleviates the effects of dipolar truncation, and thus facilitates the application of recoupling experiments to large spin systems, it does not represent a complete solution to this outstanding problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin J Bayro
- Department of Chemistry, Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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61
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Paul S, Thakur RS, Goswami M, Sauerwein AC, Mamone S, Concistrè M, Förster H, Levitt MH, Madhu PK. Supercycled homonuclear dipolar decoupling sequences in solid-state NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 197:14-19. [PMID: 19091609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Revised: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We compare the performance of the windowed phase-modulated Lee-Goldburg (wPMLG) and the windowed decoupling using mind boggling optimisation (wDUMBO) sequences at various magic-angle spinning rates and nutation frequencies of the pulses. Additionally, we introduce a supercycled version of wDUMBO and compare its efficiency with that of the non-supercycled implementation of wDUMBO. The efficiency of the supercycled version of wPMLG, denoted wPMLG-S2, is compared with a new supercycled version of wPMLG that we notate as wPMLG-S3. The interaction between the supercycled homonuclear dipolar decoupling sequences and the sample rotation is analysed using symmetry-based selection rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhradip Paul
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400 005, India
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62
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Edén M. Determination of absolute quadrupolar tensor orientations by double-quantum NMR on powders. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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63
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Brinkmann A, Kentgens APM, Anupõld T, Samoson A. Symmetry-based recoupling in double-rotation NMR spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2009; 129:174507. [PMID: 19045358 DOI: 10.1063/1.3005395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we extend the theory of symmetry-based pulse sequences of types CN(n) (nu) and RN(n) (nu) in magic-angle-spinning nuclear resonance spectroscopy [M. H. Levitt, in Encyclopedia of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, edited by D. M. Grant and R. K. Harris (Wiley, Chichester, 2002), Vol. 9]. to the case of rotating the sample simultaneously around two different angles with respect to the external magnetic field (double-rotation). We consider the case of spin-1/2 nuclei in general and the case of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei that are subjected to weak radio frequency pulses operating selectively on the central-transition polarizations. The transformation properties of the homonuclear dipolar interactions and J-couplings under central-transition-selective spin rotations are presented. We show that the pulse sequence R2(2) (1)R2(2) (-1) originally developed for homonuclear dipolar recoupling of half-integer quadrupolar nuclei under magic-angle-spinning conditions [M. Eden, D. Zhou, and J. Yu, Chem. Phys. Lett. 431, 397 (2006)] may be used for the same purpose in the case of double rotation, if the radio frequency pulses are synchronized with the outer rotation of the sample. We apply this sequence, sandwiched by central-transition selective 90 degrees pulses, to excite double-quantum coherences in homonuclear spin systems consisting of (23)Na and (27)Al nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Physical Chemistry/Solid State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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64
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Amoureux JP, Hu B, Trébosc J, Wang Q, Lafon O, Deng F. Homonuclear dipolar decoupling schemes for fast MAS. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2009; 35:19-24. [PMID: 19101127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2008.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Revised: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 10/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present two one-dimensional methods that allow direct observation of highly resolved (1)H spectra in solid-state NMR. The methods, which work mainly at 30-35kHz MAS speeds, are very robust and efficient. In addition, they present very few false resonances. The windowed smooth amplitude-modulated (wSAM) version has a potential to work at ultra-fast MAS provided the electronics is capable to define the pulse-shape in a smooth way, without any pulse transients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Amoureux
- UCCS (CNRS-8181), University of Lille-1, Fr-59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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65
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Lafon O, Wang Q, Hu B, Trébosc J, Deng F, Amoureux JP. Proton-proton homonuclear dipolar decoupling in solid-state NMR using rotor-synchronized z-rotation pulse sequences. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:014504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3046479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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66
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Martineau C, Legein C, Buzaré JY, Fayon F. On the assignment of19F MAS NMR spectra of fluoroaluminates using through-space spectral edition of19F–27Al and19F–19F connectivities. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:950-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b812091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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67
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Mafra L, Gomes JRB, Trébosc J, Rocha J, Amoureux JP. 1H-1H double-quantum CRAMPS NMR at very-fast MAS (nuR=35 kHz): a resolution enhancement method to probe 1H-1H proximities in solids. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 196:88-91. [PMID: 18977161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Revised: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A High-resolution two-dimensional (2D) (1)H double-quantum (DQ) homonuclear recoupling experiments, combined with smooth amplitude-modulation (SAM) homonuclear decoupling is presented. The experiment affords highly resolved and clean (1)H DQ-SQ 2D spectra at very-fast MAS rates (nu(R)=35 kHz). The method is well suited to probe (1)H-(1)H distances in powdered solids and demonstrations are applied on a NaH(2)PO(4) powdered sample, an inorganic compound having hydrogen bonding networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Mafra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, CICECO, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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68
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De Paëpe G, Lewandowski JR, Loquet A, Böckmann A, Griffin RG. Proton assisted recoupling and protein structure determination. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:245101. [PMID: 19123534 PMCID: PMC2755343 DOI: 10.1063/1.3036928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a homonuclear version of third spin assisted recoupling, a second-order mechanism that can be used for polarization transfer between (13)C or (15)N spins in magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR experiments, particularly at high spinning frequencies employed in contemporary high field MAS experiments. The resulting sequence, which we refer to as proton assisted recoupling (PAR), relies on a cross-term between (1)H-(13)C (or (1)H-(15)N) couplings to mediate zero quantum (13)C-(13)C (or (15)N-(15)N recoupling). In particular, using average Hamiltonian theory we derive an effective Hamiltonian for PAR and show that the transfer is mediated by trilinear terms of the form C(1) (+/-)C(2) (-/+)H(Z) for (13)C-(13)C recoupling experiments (or N(1) (+/-)N(2) (-/+)H(Z) for (15)N-(15)N). We use analytical and numerical simulations to explain the structure of the PAR optimization maps and to delineate the PAR matching conditions. We also detail the PAR polarization transfer dependence with respect to the local molecular geometry and explain the observed reduction in dipolar truncation. Finally, we demonstrate the utility of PAR in structural studies of proteins with (13)C-(13)C spectra of uniformly (13)C, (15)N labeled microcrystalline Crh, a 85 amino acid model protein that forms a domain swapped dimer (MW=2 x 10.4 kDa). The spectra, which were acquired at high MAS frequencies (omega(r)2pi>20 kHz) and magnetic fields (750-900 MHz (1)H frequencies) using moderate rf fields, exhibit numerous cross peaks corresponding to long (up to 6-7 A) (13)C-(13)C distances which are particularly useful in protein structure determination. Using results from PAR spectra we calculate the structure of the Crh protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël De Paëpe
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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69
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Duma L, Abergel D, Ferrage F, Pelupessy P, Tekely P, Bodenhausen G. Broadband dipolar recoupling for magnetization transfer in solid-state NMR correlation spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2008; 9:1104-6. [PMID: 18425737 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200800053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luminita Duma
- Département de Chimie, Associé au CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France
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70
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Amoureux JP, Hu B, Trébosc J. Enhanced resolution in proton solid-state NMR with very-fast MAS experiments. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2008; 193:305-307. [PMID: 18502160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present a new smooth amplitude-modulated (SAM) method that allows to observe highly resolved 1H spectra in solid-state NMR. The method, which works mainly at fast or ultra-fast MAS speed (nu(R)>25 kHz) is complementary to previous methods, such as DUMBO, FSLG/PMLG or symmetry-based sequences. The method is very robust and efficient and does not present line-shape distortions or fake peaks. The main limitation of the method is that it requires a modern console with fast electronics that must be able to define the cosine line-shape in a smooth way, without any transient. However, this limitation mainly occurs at ultra-fast MAS where the rotation period is very short.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Paul Amoureux
- UCCS (CNRS-8181), University of Lille-1, Fr-59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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71
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Mali G, Kaučič V, Taulelle F. Measuring distances between half-integer quadrupolar nuclei and detecting relative orientations of quadrupolar and dipolar tensors by double-quantum homonuclear dipolar recoupling nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:204503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2928809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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72
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Wylie BJ, Rienstra CM. Multidimensional solid state NMR of anisotropic interactions in peptides and proteins. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:052207. [PMID: 18266412 DOI: 10.1063/1.2834735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate determinations of chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) tensors are valuable for NMR of biological systems. In this review we describe recent developments in CSA measurement techniques and applications, particularly in the context of peptides and proteins. These techniques include goniometeric measurements of single crystals, slow magic-angle spinning studies of powder samples, and CSA recoupling under moderate to fast MAS. Experimental CSA data can be analyzed by comparison with ab initio calculations for structure determination and refinement. This approach has particularly high potential for aliphatic (13)C analysis, especially Calpha tensors which are directly related to structure. Carbonyl and (15)N CSA tensors demonstrate a more complex dependence upon hydrogen bonding and electrostatics, in addition to conformational dependence. The improved understanding of these tensors and the ability to measure them quantitatively provide additional opportunities for structure determination, as well as insights into dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Wylie
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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73
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Bayro MJ, Ramachandran R, Caporini MA, Eddy MT, Griffin RG. Radio frequency-driven recoupling at high magic-angle spinning frequencies: homonuclear recoupling sans heteronuclear decoupling. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:052321. [PMID: 18266438 DOI: 10.1063/1.2834736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe solid-state NMR homonuclear recoupling experiments at high magic-angle spinning (MAS) frequencies using the radio frequency-driven recoupling (RFDR) scheme. The effect of heteronuclear decoupling interference during RFDR recoupling at high spinning frequencies is investigated experimentally and via numerical simulations, resulting in the identification of optimal decoupling conditions. The effects of MAS frequency, RF field amplitude, bandwidth, and chemical shift offsets are examined. Most significantly, it is shown that broadband homonuclear correlation spectra can be efficiently obtained using RFDR without decoupling during the mixing period in fully protonated samples, thus considerably reducing the rf power requirements for acquisition of (13)C-(13)C correlation spectra. The utility of RFDR sans decoupling is demonstrated with broadband correlation spectra of a peptide and a model protein at high MAS frequencies and high magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin J Bayro
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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74
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De Paëpe G, Lewandowski JR, Griffin RG. Spin dynamics in the modulation frame: Application to homonuclear recoupling in magic angle spinning solid-state NMR. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:124503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2834732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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75
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76
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Zheng Z, Qiang W, Weliky DP. Investigation of finite-pulse radiofrequency-driven recoupling methods for measurement of intercarbonyl distances in polycrystalline and membrane-associated HIV fusion peptide samples. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2007; 45 Suppl 1:S247-S260. [PMID: 18157840 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two finite-pulse radiofrequency-driven recoupling (RFDR) methods were compared and applied to the measurement of 3-6 Å (13)CO-(13)CO distances in polycrystalline and membrane-associated HIV fusion peptide (HFP) samples. The RFDR methods were based on π pulses and were relatively straightforward to implement and insensitive to pulse imperfections. The two tested methods were: (i) constant-time double-quantum buildup with finite pulses (fpCTDQBU) for which the pulse sequence maintained a constant transverse relaxation period while allowing a variable period of dipolar dephasing; and (ii) constant-time finite-pulse rf-driven recoupling (fpRFDR-CT) for which the duration of transverse relaxation increased with increasing dephasing period. The fpRFDR-CT method yielded higher signal-to-noise and an accurate determination of a ~5 Å intercarbonyl distance was made in a crystalline peptide which had T(2) ≈ 55 ms. In some contrast, the HFP samples had T(2) ≈ 15 ms and the fpRFDR-CT data were dominated by transverse relaxation. Examination of the fpCTDQBU sequence showed: (i) the most rapid signal buildup was obtained with application of one (13) C π pulse per rotor period rather than one (13)C π pulse per multiple rotor periods and (ii) the data were insensitive to ~15 ppm transmitter offset and to ~5° variation of π pulse nutation angle. For HFP samples which were (13)CO labeled at a single residue, analyses of the fpCTDQBU data were interpreted with a model of mixed parallel and antiparallel β-strand arrangements in the N-terminal region of HFP and loss of parallel β-sheet structure in the C-terminal region of HFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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77
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Brinkmann A, Litvinov VM, Kentgens APM. Environmentally friendly flame retardants. A detailed solid-state NMR study of melamine orthophosphate. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2007; 45 Suppl 1:S231-S246. [PMID: 18157843 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We used solid-state NMR spectroscopy to gain detailed information about the proton positions, proximities and the hydrogen-bonding network in the environmentally friendly flame retardant melamine orthophosphate (MP). High-resolution proton one- and two-dimensional solid-state NMR spectra were obtained at high external magnetic field in combination with fast magic angle spinning of the sample. Furthermore, we recorded homo- and heteronuclear correlation spectra of types (15)N–(15)N, (1)H–(13)C, (1)H–(15)N and (1)H–(31)P. In addition, we determined the geometry of the NH and NH(2) groups in MP by (15)N–(1)H heteronuclear recoupling experiments.We were able to completely assign the different isotropic chemical shifts in MP. Furthermore, we could identify the protonation of the melamine and orthophosphate moieties. The experimental results are discussed in connection with the structural model obtained by powder X-ray diffraction together with a combined molecular modeling-Rietveld refinement approach (De Ridder et al. Helv. Chim. Acta 2004; 87: 1894). We show that the geometry of the NH2 groups can only be successfully estimated by solid-state NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Physical Chemistry/Solid State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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78
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Pileio G, Concistrè M, McLean N, Gansmüller A, Brown RCD, Levitt MH. Analytical theory of gamma-encoded double-quantum recoupling sequences in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2007; 186:65-74. [PMID: 17303455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2007.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Many important double-quantum recoupling techniques in solid-state NMR are classified as being gamma-encoded. This means that the phase of the double-quantum effective Hamiltonian, but not its amplitude, depends on the third Euler angle defining the orientation of the molecular spin system in the frame of the magic-angle-spinning rotor. In this paper, we provide closed analytical solutions for the dependence of the powder-average double-quantum-filtered signal on the recoupling times, within the average Hamiltonian approximation for gamma-encoded pulse sequences. The validity of the analytical solutions is tested by numerical simulations. The internuclear distance in a (13)C(2)-labelled retinal is estimated by fitting the analytical curves to experimental double-quantum data.
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79
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Mali G. Spin-locking and recoupling of homonuclear dipolar interaction between spin-3/2 nuclei under magic-angle sample spinning. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2007; 185:318-25. [PMID: 17258483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Numerical simulations and experiments were used to examine the possibility of employing strong spin-lock fields for recoupling of homonuclear dipolar interactions between spin-3/2 quadrupolar nuclei and to compare it to the rotary-resonance recoupling at weak spin-lock fields. It was shown that strong spin-lock pulses under MAS conditions can lead to recoupling, provided that the electric-field gradient principal axes systems of the coupled nuclei are aligned and that their quadrupolar coupling constants are approximately the same. The phenomenon is based on the fact that strong spin-lock pulses induce adiabatic transfer of magnetization between the central-transition coherence and the triple-quantum coherence with equal periodicity as is the periodicity of the time-dependent dipolar coupling. Because of the synchronous variation of the state of the spin system and of the dipolar interaction, the effect of the latter on the central-transition coherence and on the triple-quantum coherence is not averaged out by sample rotation. The approach is, however, very sensitive to the relative orientation of the electric-field gradient principal axes systems and therefore less robust than the approach based on weak spin-lock pulses that satisfy rotary-resonance condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Mali
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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80
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Verel R, Manolikas T, Siemer AB, Meier BH. Improved resolution in (13)C solid-state spectra through spin-state-selection. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2007; 184:322-9. [PMID: 17088090 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2006.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2006] [Revised: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The application of a spin-state-selective coherence transfer experiment (INADEQUATE-SSS) to solid-state NMR spectroscopy is described. Two-dimensional (13)C double-quantum/single-quantum spectra without J splittings in both dimensions lead to enhanced spectral resolution. The method is demonstrated to significantly improve the spectral resolution of the crowded C'-C(alpha) region of two proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Verel
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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81
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Brouwer DH, Alavi S, Ripmeester JA. A double quantum (129)Xe NMR experiment for probing xenon in multiply-occupied cavities of solid-state inclusion compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:1093-8. [PMID: 17311152 DOI: 10.1039/b616434j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A method is presented for detecting multiple xenon atoms in cavities of solid-state inclusion compounds using (129)Xe double quantum NMR spectroscopy. Double quantum filtered (129)Xe NMR spectra, performed on the xenon clathrate of Dianin's compound were obtained under high-resolution Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS) conditions, by recoupling the weak (129)Xe-(129)Xe dipole-dipole couplings that exist between xenon atoms in close spatial proximity. Because the (129)Xe-(129)Xe dipole-dipole couplings are generally weak due to dynamics of the atoms and to large internuclear separations, and since the (129)Xe Chemical Shift Anisotropy (CSA) tends to be relatively large, a very robust dipolar recoupling sequence was necessary, with the symmetry-based SR26 dipolar recoupling sequence proving appropriate. We have also attempted to measure the (129)Xe-(129)Xe dipole-dipole coupling constant between xenon atoms in the cavities of the xenon-Dianin's compound clathrate and have found that the dynamics of the xenon atoms (as investigated with molecular dynamics simulations) as well as (129)Xe multiple spin effects complicate the analysis. The double quantum NMR method is useful for peak assignment in (129)Xe NMR spectra because peaks arising from different types of absorption/inclusion sites or from different levels of occupancy of single sites can be distinguished. The method can also help resolve ambiguities in diffraction experiments concerning the order/disorder in a material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren H Brouwer
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa ON, Canada K1A 0R6.
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82
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Khaneja N. Sensitivity enhanced recoupling experiments in solid-state NMR by gamma preparation. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 183:242-51. [PMID: 16997586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2006.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2006] [Revised: 08/25/2006] [Accepted: 08/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a class of dipolar recoupling experiments under magic angle spinning (MAS), which use gamma dependent antiphase polarization during the t1 evolution period. We show that this helps us to design dipolar recoupling experiments that transfer both components of the transverse magnetization of spin S to a coupled spin I in the mixing step of a 2D NMR experiment. We show that it is possible to design such transfer schemes and make them insensitive to the orientation dependency of the couplings in powders. This helps us to develop sensitivity enhanced 2D NMR experiments of powder samples under MAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin Khaneja
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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83
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Brinkmann A, Kentgens APM. Sensitivity Enhancement and Heteronuclear Distance Measurements in Biological 17O Solid-State NMR. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:16089-101. [PMID: 16898766 DOI: 10.1021/jp062809p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution we present a comprehensive approach to study hydrogen bonding in biological and biomimetic systems through 17O and 17O-1H solid-state NMR combined with density functional theory calculations of 17O and 1H NMR parameters. We explore the signal enhancement of 17O in L-tyrosine.HCl using repetitive double-frequency swept radio frequency pulses in solid-state NMR. The technique is compatible with high magnetic fields and fast magic-angle spinning of the sample. A maximum enhancement by a factor of 4.3 is obtained in the signal-to-noise ratio of the selectively excited 17O central transition in a powdered sample of 17Oeta-L-tyrosine.HCl at an external field of 14.1 T and a spinning frequency of 25 kHz. As little as 128 transients lead to meaningful 17O spectra of the same sample at an external field of 18.8 T and a spinning frequency of 50 kHz. Furthermore we employed supercycled symmetry-based pulse sequences on the protons to achieve heteronuclear longitudinal two-spin-order (IzSz) recoupling to determine 17O-1H distances. These sequences recouple the heteronuclear dipolar 17O-1H couplings, where dipolar truncation is absent, while decoupling the homonuclear proton dipolar interactions. They can be applied at fast magic-angle-spinning frequencies up and beyond 50 kHz and are very robust with respect to 17O quadrupolar couplings and both 17O and 1H chemical shift anisotropies, which makes them suitable for the use at high external magnetic fields. The method is demonstrated by determining the 17Oeta-1H distance in L-tyrosine.HCl at a spinning frequency of 50 kHz and an external field of 18.8 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brinkmann
- Physical Chemistry/Solid State NMR, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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84
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Kristiansen PE, Carravetta M, van Beek JD, Lai WC, Levitt MH. Theory and applications of supercycled symmetry-based recoupling sequences in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:234510. [PMID: 16821932 DOI: 10.1063/1.2205857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the theoretical principles of supercycled symmetry-based recoupling sequences in solid-state magic-angle-spinning NMR. We discuss the construction procedure of the SR26 pulse sequence, which is a particularly robust sequence for double-quantum homonuclear dipole-dipole recoupling. The supercycle removes destructive higher-order average Hamiltonian terms and renders the sequence robust over long time intervals. We demonstrate applications of the SR26 sequence to double-quantum spectroscopy, homonuclear spin counting, and determination of the relative orientations of chemical shift anisotropy tensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Eugen Kristiansen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1041-Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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85
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Alam TM, Holland GP. (1)H-(13)C INEPT MAS NMR correlation experiments with (1)H-(1)H mediated magnetization exchange to probe organization in lipid biomembranes. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 180:210-21. [PMID: 16563820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2006.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Revised: 02/18/2006] [Accepted: 02/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (1)H-(13)C INEPT MAS NMR experiments utilizing a (1)H-(1)H magnetization exchange mixing period are presented for characterization of lipid systems. The introduction of the exchange period allows for structural information to be obtained via (1)H-(1)H dipolar couplings but with (13)C chemical shift resolution. It is shown that utilizing a RFDR recoupling sequence with short mixing times in place of the more standard NOE cross-relaxation for magnetization exchange during the mixing period allowed for the identification and separation of close (1)H-(1)H dipolar contacts versus longer-range inter-molecular (1)H-(1)H dipolar cross-relaxation. These 2D INEPT experiments were used to address both intra- and inter-molecular contacts in lipid and lipid/cholesterol mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Alam
- Department of Electronic and Nanostructured Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.
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86
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Schmedt auf der Günne J. Effective dipolar couplings determined by dipolar dephasing of double-quantum coherences. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 180:186-96. [PMID: 16524751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2006.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2005] [Revised: 02/14/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
It is shown how homonuclear distances and homonuclear dipolar lattice sums between spin-1/2 nuclei can be measured by a pulsed solid-state NMR experiment under magic-angle spinning conditions. The presented technique is based on double-quantum coherence filtering. Instead of measuring a build-up of double-quantum coherence the pulse sequence is designed to dephase double-quantum coherence. This is achieved by exciting double-quantum coherence either with the help of the through-space dipolar coupling or the through-bond dipolar coupling while the dephasing relies on the through-space dipolar coupling as selected by a gamma-encoded pulse sequence from the C/R symmetry class. Since dephasing curves can be normalized on zero dephasing, it is possible to analyze the initial dephasing regime and hence determine dipolar lattice sums (effective dipolar couplings) in multiple-spin systems. A formula for the effective dipolar coupling is derived theoretically and validated by numerical calculations and experiments on crystalline model compounds for (13)C and (31)P spin systems. The double-quantum dephasing experiment can be combined with constant-time data sampling to compensate for relaxation effects, consequently only two experimental data points are necessary for a single distance measurement. The phase cycling overhead for the constant-time experiment is minimal because a short cogwheel phase cycle exists. A 2D implementation is demonstrated on [(13)C(3)]alanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Schmedt auf der Günne
- Munich University (LMU), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Butenandtstr. 5-13 (house D), 81377 Munich, Germany.
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87
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Paravastu AK, Tycko R. Frequency-selective homonuclear dipolar recoupling in solid state NMR. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:194303. [PMID: 16729810 PMCID: PMC1851697 DOI: 10.1063/1.2192516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We introduce a new approach to frequency-selective homonuclear dipolar recoupling in solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with magic-angle spinning (MAS). This approach, to which we give the acronym SEASHORE, employs alternating periods of double-quantum recoupling and chemical shift evolution to produce phase modulations of the recoupled dipole-dipole interactions that average out undesired couplings, leaving only dipole-dipole couplings between nuclear spins with a selected pair of NMR frequencies. In principle, SEASHORE is applicable to systems with arbitrary coupling strengths and arbitrary sets of NMR frequencies. Arbitrary MAS frequencies are also possible, subject only to restrictions imposed by the pulse sequence chosen for double-quantum recoupling. We demonstrate the efficacy of SEASHORE in experimental (13)C NMR measurements of frequency-selective polarization transfer in uniformly (15)N, (13)C-labeled L-valine powder and frequency-selective intermolecular polarization transfer in amyloid fibrils formed by a synthetic decapeptide containing uniformly (15)N, (13)C-labeled residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anant K. Paravastu
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0520
| | - Robert Tycko
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0520
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88
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De Paëpe G, Bayro MJ, Lewandowski J, Griffin RG. Broadband homonuclear correlation spectroscopy at high magnetic fields and MAS frequencies. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:1776-7. [PMID: 16464061 DOI: 10.1021/ja0550430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a new homonuclear recoupling sequence, CMAR, that allows observation of 2D 13C-13C correlation spectra at high magnetic fields and MAS frequencies (10-30 kHz). The main advantages of the sequence are that it provides efficient, broadband dipolar recoupling and concurrently decouples the 1H spins from the 13C's. Thus, no additional 1H decoupling is required during the mixing period, thereby significantly reducing the radio frequency power requirements for the experiment. Thus, CMAR significantly extends the range of applicability of the usual homonuclear recoupling techniques and should be of major interest for structure determinations of biomolecules at high magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël De Paëpe
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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89
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Saalwächter K, Heuer A. Chain Dynamics in Elastomers As Investigated by Proton Multiple-Quantum NMR. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma052567b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kay Saalwächter
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 31, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstr. 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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90
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91
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Fayon F, Roiland C, Emsley L, Massiot D. Triple-quantum correlation NMR experiments in solids using J-couplings. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2006; 179:49-57. [PMID: 16307897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2005] [Revised: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 11/03/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We show that triple-quantum-single-quantum (TQ-SQ) correlation spectra of crystalline and disordered solids can be obtained under MAS using pulse sequences based on through-bond J-couplings. The feasibility of the experiments in coupled spin-1/2 systems is demonstrated for fully 13C-labelled L-alanine and Pb3P4O13 crystalline compounds, considered as model three-spin and four-spin systems, respectively. In the case of phosphate glasses, we show that the obtained TQ-SQ correlation spectra provide an improved description of the glass forming network connectivities and of the chain length distribution in the disordered network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Fayon
- Centre de Recherches sur les Matériaux à Haute Température, CNRS, 45071 Orléans cedex 2, France.
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92
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Siemer AB, Ritter C, Steinmetz MO, Ernst M, Riek R, Meier BH. 13C, 15N resonance assignment of parts of the HET-s prion protein in its amyloid form. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2006; 34:75-87. [PMID: 16518695 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-005-5582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The partial 15N and 13C solid-state NMR resonance assignment of the HET-s prion protein fragment 218-289 in its amyloid form is presented. It is based on experiments measured at MAS frequencies in the range of 20-40 kHz using exclusively adiabatic polarization-transfer schemes. The resonance assignment within each residue is based on two-dimensional 13C-13C correlation spectra utilizing the DREAM mixing scheme. The sequential linking of the assigned residues used a set of two- and three-dimensional 15N-13C correlation experiments. Almost all cross peaks visible in the spectra are assigned, but only resonances from 43 of the 78 amino-acid residues could be detected. The missing residues are thought to be highly disordered and/or highly dynamic giving rise to broad resonance lines that escaped detection in the experiments applied. The line widths of the observed resonances are narrow and comparable to line widths observed in micro-crystalline samples. The 43 assigned residues are located in two fragments of about 20 residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar B Siemer
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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93
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94
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Marin-Montesinos I, Brouwer DH, Antonioli G, Lai WC, Brinkmann A, Levitt MH. Heteronuclear decoupling interference during symmetry-based homonuclear recoupling in solid-state NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2005; 177:307-17. [PMID: 16169757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2005.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2005] [Revised: 07/13/2005] [Accepted: 07/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We examine the influence of continuous-wave heteronuclear decoupling on symmetry-based double-quantum homonuclear dipolar recoupling, using experimental measurements, numerical simulations, and average Hamiltonian theory. There are two distinct regimes in which the heteronuclear interference effects are minimized. The first regime utilizes a moderate homonuclear recoupling field and a strong heteronuclear decoupling field; the second regime utilizes a strong homonuclear recoupling field and a weak or absent heteronuclear decoupling field. The second regime is experimentally accessible at moderate or high magic-angle-spinning frequencies and is particularly relevant for many realistic applications of solid-state NMR recoupling experiments to organic or biological materials.
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95
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Kehlet C, Vosegaard T, Khaneja N, Glaser SJ, Nielsen NC. Low-power homonuclear dipolar recoupling in solid-state NMR developed using optimal control theory. Chem Phys Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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96
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Tseng YH, Mou Y, Mou CY, Chan JCC. Double-quantum NMR spectroscopy based on finite pulse RFDR. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2005; 27:266-270. [PMID: 15799885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2005.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2004] [Revised: 01/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the finite pulse RFDR sequence (J. Chem. Phys. 114 (2001) 8473) can be used effectively for 31P double-quantum NMR spectroscopy at a spinning frequency of 10 kHz. The 31P NMR data measured for hydroxyapatite and octacalcium phosphate show that sizable double-quantum excitation efficiency can be obtained with the ratio of the recoupling field to spinning frequency set equal to 1.67.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Hung Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, College of Science, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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97
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Edén M, Brinkmann A. Triple-quantum dynamics in multiple-spin systems undergoing magic-angle spinning: application to 13C homonuclear correlation spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2005; 173:259-279. [PMID: 15780918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2004] [Revised: 12/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the multiple-quantum dynamics governed by a new homonuclear recoupling strategy effecting an average dipolar Hamiltonian comprising three-spin triple-quantum operators (e.g., S(p)+S(q)+S(r)+) under magic-angle spinning conditions. Analytical expressions are presented for polarization transfer processes in systems of three and four coupled spins-1/2 subject to triple-quantum filtration (3QF), and high-order multiple-quantum excitation is investigated numerically in moderately large clusters, comprising up to seven spins. This recoupling approach gives highly efficient excitation of triple-quantum coherences: ideally, up to 67% of the initial polarization may be recovered by 3QF in three-spin systems in polycrystalline powders. Two homonuclear 2D correlation strategies are demonstrated experimentally on powders of uniformly 13C-labeled alanine and tyrosine: the first correlates the single-quantum spectrum in the first dimension with the corresponding 3QF spectrum along the other. The second protocol correlates triple-quantum coherences with their corresponding single-quantum coherences within triplets of coupled spins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Edén
- Physical Chemistry Division, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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98
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Stringer JA, Bronnimann CE, Mullen CG, Zhou DH, Stellfox SA, Li Y, Williams EH, Rienstra CM. Reduction of RF-induced sample heating with a scroll coil resonator structure for solid-state NMR probes. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2005; 173:40-8. [PMID: 15705511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2004] [Revised: 11/04/2004] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Heating due to high power 1H decoupling limits the experimental lifetime of protein samples for solid-state NMR (SSNMR). Sample deterioration can be minimized by lowering the experimental salt concentration, temperature or decoupling fields; however, these approaches may compromise biological relevance and/or spectroscopic resolution and sensitivity. The desire to apply sophisticated multiple pulse experiments to proteins therefore motivates the development of probes that utilize the RF power more efficiently to generate a high ratio of magnetic to electric field in the sample. Here a novel scroll coil resonator structure is presented and compared to a traditional solenoid. The scroll coil is demonstrated to be more tolerant of high sample salt concentrations and cause less RF-induced sample heating. With it, the viable experimental lifetime of a microcrystalline ubiquitin sample has been extended by more than an order of magnitude. The higher B1 homogeneity and permissible decoupling fields enhance polarization transfer efficiency in 15N-13C correlation experiments employed for protein chemical shift assignments and structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Stringer
- Varian, Inc., 2607 Midpoint Drive, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
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99
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Heise H, Seidel K, Etzkorn M, Becker S, Baldus M. 3D NMR spectroscopy for resonance assignment and structure elucidation of proteins under MAS: novel pulse schemes and sensitivity considerations. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2005; 173:64-74. [PMID: 15705514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2004] [Revised: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two types of 3D MAS NMR experiments are introduced, which combine standard (NC,CC) transfer schemes with (1H,1H) mixing to simultaneously detect connectivities and structural constraints of uniformly 15N,13C-labeled proteins with high spectral resolution. The homonuclear CCHHC and CCC experiments are recorded with one double-quantum evolution dimension in order to avoid a cubic diagonal in the spectrum. Depending on the second transfer step, spin systems or proton-proton contacts can be determined with reduced spectral overlap. The heteronuclear NHHCC experiment encodes NH-HC proton-proton interactions, which are indicative for the backbone conformation of the protein. The third dimension facilitates the identification of the amino acid spin system. Experimental results on U-[15N,13C]valine and U-[15N,13C]ubiquitin demonstrate their usefulness for resonance assignments and for the determination of structural constraints. Furthermore, we give a detailed analysis of alternative multidimensional sampling schemes and their effect on sensitivity and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Heise
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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100
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Havlin RH, Walls JD, Pines A. Isotropic proton-detected local-field nuclear magnetic resonance in solids. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:074507. [PMID: 15743254 DOI: 10.1063/1.1844296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A nuclear magnetic resonance method is presented which produces linear, isotropic proton-detected local-field spectra for INS spin systems in powdered samples. The method, heteronuclear isotropic evolution (HETIE), refocuses the anisotropic portion of the heteronuclear dipolar coupling frequencies by evolving the system under a series of specially designed Hamiltonians and evolution pathways. The theory behind HETIE is presented along with experimental studies conducted on a powdered sample of ferrocene, demonstrating the methodology outlined in this paper. Applications of HETIE for use in structure determination in the solid state are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Havlin
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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