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Taratula OR, Taratula O, Han X, Jahangiri Y, Tomozawa Y, Horikawa M, Uchida B, Albarqi HA, Schumann C, Bracha S, Korzun T, Farsad K. Transarterial Delivery of a Biodegradable Single-Agent Theranostic Nanoprobe for Liver Tumor Imaging and Combinatorial Phototherapy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019; 30:1480-1486.e2. [PMID: 31202675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess selective accumulation of biodegradable nanoparticles within hepatic tumors after transarterial delivery for in vivo localization and combinatorial phototherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A VX2 hepatic tumor model was used in New Zealand white rabbits. Transarterial delivery of silicon naphthalocyanine biodegradable nanoparticles was performed using a microcatheter via the proper hepatic artery. Tumors were exposed via laparotomy, and nanoparticles were observed by near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging. For phototherapy, a handheld NIR laser (785 nm) at 0.6 W/cm2 was used to expose tumor or background liver, and tissue temperatures were assessed with a fiberoptic temperature probe. Intratumoral reactive oxygen species formation was assessed using a fluorophore (2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate). RESULTS Nanoparticles selectively accumulated within viable tumor by NIR fluorescence. Necrotic portions of tumor did not accumulate nanoparticles, consistent with a vascular distribution. NIR-dependent heat generation was observed with nanoparticle-containing tumors, but not in background liver. No heat was generated in the absence of NIR laser light. Reactive oxygen species were formed in nanoparticle-containing tumors exposed to NIR laser light, but not in background liver treated with NIR laser or in tumors in the absence of NIR light. CONCLUSIONS Biodegradable nanoparticle delivery to liver tumors from a transarterial approach enabled selective in vivo tumor imaging and combinatorial phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena R Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Xiangjun Han
- Charles T. Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-605, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Younes Jahangiri
- Charles T. Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-605, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Yuki Tomozawa
- Charles T. Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-605, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Masahiro Horikawa
- Charles T. Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-605, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Barry Uchida
- Charles T. Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-605, Portland, OR 97239
| | - Hassan A Albarqi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Canan Schumann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Shay Bracha
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Tetiana Korzun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Khashayar Farsad
- Charles T. Dotter Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, L-605, Portland, OR 97239.
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Fei J, Dai L, Gao F, Zhao J, Li J. Assembled Vitamin B2 Nanocrystals with Optical Waveguiding and Photosensitizing Properties for Potential Biomedical Application. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7254-7258. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201900124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Luru Dai
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Fuping Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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Poiroux G, Barre A, Rougé P, Benoist H. Targeting Glycosylation Aberrations to Improve the Efficiency of Cancer Phototherapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 19:349-359. [DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180628101059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The use of photodynamic therapy in cancer still remains limited, partly because of the lack of photosensitizer (PS) specificity for the cancerous tissues. Various molecular tools are available to increase PS efficiency by targeting the cancer cell molecular alterations. Most strategies use the protein-protein interactions, e.g. monoclonal antibodies directed toward tumor antigens, such as HER2 or EGFR. An alternative could be the targeting of the tumor glycosylation aberrations, e.g. T/Tn antigens that are truncated O-glycans over-expressed in numerous tumors. Thus, to achieve an effective targeting, PS can be conjugated to molecules that specifically recognize the Oglycosylation aberrations at the cancer cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Poiroux
- Universite de Toulouse, CRCT, INSERM UMR 1037, 2 Avenue Hubert Curien, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Annick Barre
- Universite de Toulouse, Pharma-Dev, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) UMR 152, Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Pierre Rougé
- Universite de Toulouse, Pharma-Dev, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) UMR 152, Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Hervé Benoist
- Universite de Toulouse, Pharma-Dev, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) UMR 152, Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, F-31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
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54
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Fei J, Dai L, Gao F, Zhao J, Li J. Assembled Vitamin B2 Nanocrystals with Optical Waveguiding and Photosensitizing Properties for Potential Biomedical Application. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201900124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Luru Dai
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing 100190 China
| | - Fuping Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)CAS Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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Spring BQ, Lang RT, Kercher EM, Rizvi I, Wenham RM, Conejo-Garcia JR, Hasan T, Gatenby RA, Enderling H. Illuminating the Numbers: Integrating Mathematical Models to Optimize Photomedicine Dosimetry and Combination Therapies. FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS 2019; 7:46. [PMID: 31123672 PMCID: PMC6529192 DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2019.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer photomedicine offers unique mechanisms for inducing local tumor damage with the potential to stimulate local and systemic anti-tumor immunity. Optically-active nanomedicine offers these features as well as spatiotemporal control of tumor-focused drug release to realize synergistic combination therapies. Achieving quantitative dosimetry is a major challenge, and dosimetry is fundamental to photomedicine for personalizing and tailoring therapeutic regimens to specific patients and anatomical locations. The challenge of dosimetry is perhaps greater for photomedicine than many standard therapies given the complexity of light delivery and light-tissue interactions as well as the resulting photochemistry responsible for tumor damage and drug-release, in addition to the usual intricacies of therapeutic agent delivery. An emerging multidisciplinary approach in oncology utilizes mathematical and computational models to iteratively and quantitively analyze complex dosimetry, and biological response parameters. These models are parameterized by preclinical and clinical observations and then tested against previously unseen data. Such calibrated and validated models can be deployed to simulate treatment doses, protocols, and combinations that have not yet been experimentally or clinically evaluated and can provide testable optimal treatment outcomes in a practical workflow. Here, we foresee the utility of these computational approaches to guide adaptive therapy, and how mathematical models might be further developed and integrated as a novel methodology to guide precision photomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Q. Spring
- Translational Biophotonics Cluster, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ryan T. Lang
- Translational Biophotonics Cluster, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Eric M. Kercher
- Translational Biophotonics Cluster, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Robert M. Wenham
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - José R. Conejo-Garcia
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Robert A. Gatenby
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Heiko Enderling
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
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Gorka AP, Nani RR, Schnermann MJ. Harnessing Cyanine Reactivity for Optical Imaging and Drug Delivery. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:3226-3235. [PMID: 30418020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical approaches that visualize and manipulate biological processes have transformed modern biomedical research. An enduring challenge is to translate these powerful methods into increasingly complex physiological settings. Longer wavelengths, typically in the near-infrared (NIR) range (∼650-900 nm), can enable advances in both fundamental and clinical settings; however, suitable probe molecules are needed. The pentamethine and heptamethine cyanines, led by prototypes Cy5 and Cy7, are among the most useful compounds for fluorescence-based applications, finding broad use in a range of contexts. The defining chemical feature of these molecules, and the key chromophoric element, is an odd-numbered polymethine that links two nitrogen atoms. Not only a light-harvesting functional group, the cyanine chromophore is subject to thermal and photochemical reactions that dramatically alter many properties of these molecules. This Account describes our recent studies to define and use intrinsic cyanine chromophore reactivity. The hypothesis driving this research is that novel chemistries that manipulate the cyanine chromophore can be used to address challenging problems in the areas of imaging and drug delivery. We first review reaction discovery efforts that seek to address two limitations of long-wavelength fluorophores: undesired thiol reactivity and modest fluorescence quantum yield. Heptamethine cyanines with an O-alkyl substituent at the central C4' carbon were prepared through a novel N- to O-transposition reaction. Unlike commonly used C4'-phenol variants, this new class of fluorophores is resistant to thiol modification and exhibits improved in vivo imaging properties when used as antibody tags. We have also developed a chemical strategy to enhance the quantum yield of far-red pentamethine cyanines. Using a synthetic strategy involving a cross metathesis/tetracyclization sequence, this approach conformationally restrains the pentamethine cyanine scaffold. The resulting molecules exhibit enhanced quantum yield (ΦF = 0.69 vs ΦF = 0.15). Furthermore, conformational restraint improves interconversion between reduced hydrocyanine and intact cyanine forms, which enables super resolution microscopy. This Account then highlights efforts to use cyanine photochemical reactivity for NIR photocaging. Our approach involves the deliberate use of cyanine photooxidation, a reaction previously only associated with photodegradation. The uncaging reaction sequence is initiated by photooxidative chromophore cleavage (using wavelengths of up to 780 nm), which prompts a C-N bond hydrolysis/cyclization sequence resulting in phenol liberation. This approach has been applied to generate the first NIR-activated antibody-drug conjugates. Tumor uptake can be monitored in vivo using NIR fluorescence, prior to uncaging with an external irradiation source. This NIR uncaging strategy can slow tumor progression and increase survival in a MDA-MB-468- luc mouse model. Broadly, the vantage point of cyanine reactivity is providing novel probe molecules with auspicious features for use in complex imaging and drug delivery settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Gorka
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Roger R. Nani
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Martin J. Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 20850, United States
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Mao C, Zhao Y, Li F, Li Z, Tian S, Debinski W, Ming X. P-glycoprotein targeted and near-infrared light-guided depletion of chemoresistant tumors. J Control Release 2018; 286:289-300. [PMID: 30081143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a formidable challenge to cancer therapy. P-glycoprotein (Pgp) contributes to multidrug resistance in numerous cancers by preventing accumulation of anticancer drugs in cancer cells. Strategies to overcome this resistance have been vigorously sought for over 3 decades, yet clinical solutions do not exist. The main reason for the failure is lack of cancer specificity of small-molecule Pgp inhibitors, thus causing severe toxicity in normal tissues. In this study, Pgp-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) was developed to achieve superior cancer specificity through antibody targeting plus locoregional light activation. Thus, a Pgp monoclonal antibody was chemically modified with IR700, a porphyrin photosensitizer. In vitro studies showed that the antibody-photosensitizer conjugates specifically bind to Pgp-expressing drug resistant cancer cells, and caused dramatic cytotoxicity upon irradiation with a near infrared light. We then tested our Pgp-targeted approach in mouse xenograft models of chemoresistant ovarian cancer and head and neck cancer. In both models, targeted PDT produced rapid tumor shrinkage, and significantly prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. We conclude that our targeted PDT approach produces molecularly targeted and spatially selective ablation of chemoresistant tumors, and thereby provides an effective approach to overcome Pgp-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer, where conventional approaches have failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqiong Mao
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Fang Li
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Waldemar Debinski
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Thomas K Hearn Brain Tumor Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Xin Ming
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Huang HC, Pigula M, Fang Y, Hasan T. Immobilization of Photo-Immunoconjugates on Nanoparticles Leads to Enhanced Light-Activated Biological Effects. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800236. [PMID: 29962083 PMCID: PMC6312758 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The past three decades have witnessed notable advances in establishing photosensitizer-antibody photo-immunoconjugates for photo-immunotherapy and imaging of tumors. Photo-immunotherapy minimizes damage to surrounding healthy tissue when using a cancer-selective photo-immunoconjugate, but requires a threshold intracellular photosensitizer concentration to be effective. Delivery of immunoconjugates to the target cells is often hindered by I) the low photosensitizer-to-antibody ratio of photo-immunoconjugates and II) the limited amount of target molecule presented on the cell surface. Here, a nanoengineering approach is introduced to overcome these obstacles and improve the effectiveness of photo-immunotherapy and imaging. Click chemistry coupling of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD)-Cetuximab photo-immunoconjugates onto FKR560 dye-containing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles markedly enhances intracellular photo-immunoconjugate accumulation and potentiates light-activated photo-immunotoxicity in ovarian cancer and glioblastoma. It is further demonstrated that co-delivery and light activation of BPD and FKR560 allow longitudinal fluorescence tracking of photoimmunoconjugate and nanoparticle in cells. Using xenograft mouse models of epithelial ovarian cancer, intravenous injection of photo-immunoconjugated nanoparticles doubles intratumoral accumulation of photo-immunoconjugates, resulting in an enhanced photoimmunotherapy-mediated tumor volume reduction, compared to "standard" immunoconjugates. This generalizable "carrier effect" phenomenon is attributed to the successful incorporation of photo-immunoconjugates onto a nanoplatform, which modulates immunoconjugate delivery and improves treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang-Chiao Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael Pigula
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yanyan Fang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Erdem SS, Obeidin VA, Yigitbasi T, Tumer SS, Yigit P. Verteporfin mediated sequence dependent combination therapy against ovarian cancer cell line. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 183:266-274. [PMID: 29747146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian Cancer is one of the deadliest gynecological cancer showing high resistance to chemotherapy. Non-overlapping and synergistic combination therapies are the best option to overcome this multi-pathological silent disease. Cationic peptides (CPs) with high targeting feature and ability to pass through cell membrane induce apoptosis via disruption of cancer cell membrane. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive clinically approved treatment modality combining light activated photosensitizer, light and oxygen. In this study we present, combination therapy composed of 9-mer +4 charge bearing CP and Benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid, (BPD-MA, Verteporfin) mediated PDT. In order to evaluate the effect of sequence on the outcome of the therapy, CP and BPD-MA mediated PDT was applied in two different sequence: 'CP first' 'BPD-MA first'. Treatment efficacy of combination therapy in SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell line has been evaluated based on cell inhibition, cell death pathway, Combination index (CI), and Dose Reduction Index (DRI) values. When SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell line treated with BPD-MA mediated PDT (5 J/cm2) and CP individually, IC30 values for each drug were determined as 1.1 μM and 240 μM respectively and apoptosis was the major death cell pathway for both of the drugs. In the case of combination therapy, SKOV-3 cell line treated with drugs in constant ratio yet on different sequence. Drugs were used in constant ratio so that one of them would not de-emphasize the effect of other in any concentration point. Our theoretical and experimental results were in agreement and showed that the treatment outcome significantly depends on the order of the treatment. For instance, while BPD-MA mediated PDT was applied prior to CP, cell inhibition at IC30 value of BPD-MA was roughly 28% with CI =3.3 suggesting antagonistic interaction between each therapy. When the sequence of treatment was changed to CP first, cell inhibition at IC30 concentration of CP was determined as 98% with CI = 0.3 creating substantial synergism between the drugs. Moreover, synergistic interactions were observed at all concentration points at CP first scenario. DRI value for CP first treatment option was much higher compared to BPD-MA first treatment making the former treatment sequence more attractive option for clinically relevant combination therapies. Based on our results, we strongly believe that 9-mer CP and BPD-MA-PDT based combination therapy, offering synergistic therapeutic outcome, may increase chances of treatment of ovarian cancer in comparison to 9-mer CP and/or BPD-MA alone case.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sibel Erdem
- İstanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey; Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Vildan Akgul Obeidin
- İstanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turkan Yigitbasi
- İstanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Serranur Tumer
- İstanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pakize Yigit
- İstanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chitgupi U, Lovell JF, Rajendiran V. Assessing Photosensitizer Targeting Using Meso-Tetra(Carboxyphenyl) Porphyrin. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040892. [PMID: 29649139 PMCID: PMC6017280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesotetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (mTCPP) is a commercially available small molecule fluorophore and photosensitizer with four free carboxylic acid groups. mTCPP can readily be conjugated with amines for facile attachment of functional groups. In this work, we synthesized and assessed tetravalent, lysine-conjugated mTCPP, for its potential applications in targeted imaging and photodynamic therapy. Fmoc-protected d-lysine or l-lysine was conjugated to mTCPP via amide coupling with the epsilon amine group of lysine, followed by Fmoc deprotection. The resulting compounds did not dissolve well in aqueous solvent, but could be solubilized with the assistance of surfactants, including cholic acid. The l-amino acid transporter (LAT1) can uptake diverse neutral l-amino acids. In vitro studies with U87 cells revealed a non-specific uptake of the hydrophobic Fmoc-protected lysine-conjugated mTCPP precursors, but not d- or l-lysine mTCPP. Likewise, only the Fmoc-protected compounds induced substantial phototoxicty in cells following incubation and irradiation with blue light. These experimental results do not provide evidence to suggest that lysine-mTCPP is able to specifically target cancer cells. However, they do highlight mTCPP as a convenient and accessible framework for assessing molecular targeting of photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Chitgupi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, NY 14260, USA.
| | - Venugopal Rajendiran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, NY 14260, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, India.
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Broekgaarden M, Rizvi I, Bulin AL, Petrovic L, Goldschmidt R, Massodi I, Celli JP, Hasan T. Neoadjuvant photodynamic therapy augments immediate and prolonged oxaliplatin efficacy in metastatic pancreatic cancer organoids. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13009-13022. [PMID: 29560127 PMCID: PMC5849191 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective treatment of advanced metastatic disease remains the primary challenge in the management of inoperable pancreatic cancer. Current therapies such as oxaliplatin (OxPt)-based chemotherapy regimens (FOLFIRINOX) provide modest short-term survival improvements, yet with significant toxicity. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a light-activated cancer therapy, demonstrated clinical promise for pancreatic cancer treatment and enhances conventional chemotherapies with non-overlapping toxicities. This study investigates the capacity of neoadjuvant PDT using a clinically-approved photosensitizer, benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD, verteporfin), to enhance OxPt efficacy in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Treatment effects were evaluated in organotypic three-dimensional (3D) cultures, clinically representative models that bridge the gap between conventional cell cultures and in vivo models. The temporally-spaced, multiparametric analyses demonstrated a superior efficacy for combined PDT+OxPt compared to each monotherapy alone, which was recapitulated on different organotypic pancreatic cancer cultures. The therapeutic benefit of neoadjuvant PDT to OxPt chemotherapy materialized in a time-dependent manner, reducing residual viable tissue and tumor viability in a manner not achievable with OxPt or PDT alone. These findings emphasize the need for intelligent combination therapies and relevant models to evaluate the temporal kinetics of interactions between mechanistically-distinct treatments and highlight the promise of PDT as a neoadjuvant treatment for disseminated pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mans Broekgaarden
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anne-Laure Bulin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ljubica Petrovic
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Ruth Goldschmidt
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Iqbal Massodi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Amoury M, Bauerschlag D, Zeppernick F, von Felbert V, Berges N, Di Fiore S, Mintert I, Bleilevens A, Maass N, Bräutigam K, Meinhold-Heerlein I, Stickeler E, Barth S, Fischer R, Hussain AF. Photoimmunotheranostic agents for triple-negative breast cancer diagnosis and therapy that can be activated on demand. Oncotarget 2018; 7:54925-54936. [PMID: 27448975 PMCID: PMC5342391 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease in which the tumors do not express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR) or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Classical receptor-targeted therapies such as tamoxifen or trastuzumab are therefore unsuitable and combinations of surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy are required. Photoimmunotheranostics is a minimally invasive approach in which antibodies deliver nontoxic photosensitizers that emit light to facilitate diagnosis and produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species to induce apoptosis and/or necrosis in cancer cells. We developed a panel of photoimmunotheranostic agents against three TNBC-associated cell surface antigens. Antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) were conjugated to the highly potent near-infrared imaging agent/photosensitizer IRDye®700DX phthalocyanine using SNAP-tag technology achieving clear imaging in both breast cancer cell lines and human biopsies and highly potent phototherapeutic activity with IC50values of 62–165 nM against five different cell lines expressing different levels of EGFR, EpCAM and CSPG4. A combination of all three reagents increased the therapeutic activity against TNBC cells by up to 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Amoury
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dirk Bauerschlag
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Felix Zeppernick
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Verena von Felbert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nina Berges
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefano Di Fiore
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Isabell Mintert
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Bleilevens
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Maass
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Karen Bräutigam
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Elmar Stickeler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Barth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Product Development, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Current address: Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Rainer Fischer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ahmad Fawzi Hussain
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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63
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A dual-channel endoscope for quantitative imaging, monitoring, and triggering of doxorubicin release from liposomes in living mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15578. [PMID: 29138489 PMCID: PMC5686102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15790-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is approved for use in liposomal form for the treatment of ovarian cancer. We previously developed a long-circulating Dox formulation in liposomes containing small amounts of porphyrin-phospholipid, which enables on-demand drug release with near-infrared irradiation. In this study, we present and evaluate a dual-modal, dual-channel light endoscope that allows quantitative reflectance and fluorescence imaging for monitoring of local Dox concentrations in target areas. The endoscope consists of two flexible imaging fibers; one to transmit diagnostic and therapeutic light to the target, and the other to detect fluorescent and reflected light. Thus, the endoscope serves for imaging, for light delivery to trigger drug release, and for monitoring drug concentration kinetics during drug release. We characterized the performance of this endoscope in tissue phantoms and in an in vivo model of ovarian cancer. This study demonstrates the feasibility of non-invasive, quantitative mapping of Dox distribution in vivo via endoscopic imaging.
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Almerie MQ, Gossedge G, Wright KE, Jayne DG. Treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis with photodynamic therapy: Systematic review of current evidence. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 20:276-286. [PMID: 29111390 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal carcinomatosis results when tumour cells implant and grow within the peritoneal cavity. Treatment and prognosis vary based on the primary cancer. Although therapy with intention-to-cure is offered to selective patients using cytoreductive surgery with chemotherapy, the prognosis remains poor for most of the patients. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer-therapeutic modality where a photosensitiser is administered to patients and exerts a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells when excited by light of a specific wavelength. It has potential application in the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. METHODS We systematically reviewed the evidence of using PDT to treat peritoneal carcinomatosis in both animals and humans (Medline/EMBASE searched in June 2017). RESULTS Three human and 25 animal studies were included. Phase I and II human trials using first-generation photosensitisers showed that applying PDT after surgical debulking in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis is feasible with some clinical benefits. The low tumour-selectivity of the photosensitisers led to significant toxicities mainly capillary leak syndrome and bowel perforation. In animal studies, PDT improved survival by 15-300%, compared to control groups. PDT led to higher tumour necrosis values (categorical values 0-4 [4=highest]: PDT 3.4±1.0 vs. control 0.4±0.6, p<0.05) and reduced tumour size (residual tumour size is 10% of untreated controls, p<0.001). CONCLUSION PDT has potential in treating peritoneal carcinomatosis, but is limited by its narrow therapeutic window and possible serious side effects. Recent improvement in tumour-selectivity and light delivery systems is promising, but further development is needed before PDT can be routinely applied for peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Qutayba Almerie
- Section of Translational Anaesthesia and Surgical Sciences, Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (LIBACS), St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Gemma Gossedge
- Section of Translational Anaesthesia and Surgical Sciences, Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (LIBACS), St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - Kathleen E Wright
- Section of Translational Anaesthesia and Surgical Sciences, Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (LIBACS), St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
| | - David G Jayne
- Section of Translational Anaesthesia and Surgical Sciences, Leeds Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Sciences (LIBACS), St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
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Klein OJ, Yuan H, Nowell NH, Kaittanis C, Josephson L, Evans CL. An Integrin-Targeted, Highly Diffusive Construct for Photodynamic Therapy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13375. [PMID: 29042620 PMCID: PMC5645319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted antineoplastic agents show great promise in the treatment of cancer, having the ability to impart cytotoxicity only to specific tumor types. However, these therapies do not experience uniform uptake throughout tumors, leading to sub-lethal cell killing that can impart treatment resistance, and cause problematic off-target effects. Here we demonstrate a photodynamic therapy construct that integrates both a cyclic RGD moiety for integrin-targeting, as well as a 5 kDa PEG chain that passivates the construct and enables its rapid diffusion throughout tumors. PEGylation of the photosensitizer construct was found to prevent photosensitizer aggregation, boost the generation of cytotoxic reactive radical species, and enable the rapid uptake of the construct into cells throughout large (>500 µm diameter) 3D tumor spheroids. Replacing the cyclic RGD with the generic RAD peptide led to the loss of cellular uptake in 3D culture, demonstrating the specificity of the construct. Photodynamic therapy with the construct was successful in inducing cytotoxicity, which could be competitively blocked by a tenfold concentration of free cyclic RGD. This construct is a first-of-its kind theranostic that may serve as a new approach in our growing therapeutic toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Klein
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13th St, CNY149, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Hushan Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13th St, CNY149, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Nicholas H Nowell
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13th St, CNY149, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Charalambos Kaittanis
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13th St, CNY149, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13th St, CNY149, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Conor L Evans
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 13th St, CNY149, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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66
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Ding H, Zhang F, Zhao C, Lv Y, Ma G, Wei W, Tian Z. Beyond a Carrier: Graphene Quantum Dots as a Probe for Programmatically Monitoring Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery, Release, and Response. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:27396-27401. [PMID: 28782357 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the unique physicochemical properties of graphene quantum dots (GQDs), we developed a novel type of theranostic agent by loading anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) to GQD's surface and conjugating Cy5.5 (Cy) dye to GQD though a cathepsin D-responsive (P) peptide. Such type of agents demonstrated superior therapeutic performance both in vitro and in vivo because of the improved tissue penetration and cellular uptake. More importantly, they are capable of functioning as probes for programmed tracking the delivery and release of anticancer drug as well as drug-induced cancer cell apoptosis through GQD's, DOX's, and Cy's charateristic fluorescence, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Life Science and Technology Institute, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology , Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Chaochao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of ProcessEngineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of ProcessEngineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of ProcessEngineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Obaid G, Spring BQ, Bano S, Hasan T. Activatable clinical fluorophore-quencher antibody pairs as dual molecular probes for the enhanced specificity of image-guided surgery. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:1-6. [PMID: 28853247 PMCID: PMC5574035 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.12.121607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of fluorescently labeled therapeutic antibodies has given rise to molecular probes for image-guided surgery. However, the extraneous interstitial presence of an unbound and nonspecifically accumulated probe gives rise to false-positive detection of tumor tissue and margins. Thus, the concept of tumor-cell activation of smart probes provides a potentially superior mechanism of delineating tumor margins as well as small tumor deposits. The combination of molecular targeting with intracellular activation circumvents the presence of extracellular, nonspecific signals of targeted probe accumulation. Here, we present a demonstration of the clinical antibodies cetuximab (cet, anti-EGFR mAb) and trastuzumab (trast, anti-HER-2 mAb) conjugated to Alexa Fluor molecules and IRDye QC-1 quencher optimized at the ratio of 1∶2∶6 to provide the greatest degree of proteolytic fluorescence activation, synonymous with intracellular lysosomal degradation. The cet-AF-Q-C1 conjugate (1∶2∶6) provides up to 9.8-fold proteolytic fluorescence activation. By preparing a spectrally distinct, irrelevant sham IgG-AF-QC-1 conjugate, a dual-activatable probe approach is shown to enhance the specificity of imaging within an orthotopic AsPC-1 pancreatic cancer xenograft model. The dual-activatable approach warrants expedited clinical translation to improve the specificity of image-guided surgery by spectrally decomposing specific from nonspecific probe accumulation, binding, and internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girgis Obaid
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bryan Q. Spring
- Northeastern University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shazia Bano
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Address all correspondence to: Tayyaba Hasan, E-mail:
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68
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Pogue BW, Paulsen KD, Samkoe KS, Elliott JT, Hasan T, Strong TV, Draney DR, Feldwisch J. Vision 20/20: Molecular-guided surgical oncology based upon tumor metabolism or immunologic phenotype: Technological pathways for point of care imaging and intervention. Med Phys 2017; 43:3143-3156. [PMID: 27277060 DOI: 10.1118/1.4951732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical guidance with fluorescence has been demonstrated in individual clinical trials for decades, but the scientific and commercial conditions exist today for a dramatic increase in clinical value. In the past decade, increased use of indocyanine green based visualization of vascular flow, biliary function, and tissue perfusion has spawned a robust growth in commercial systems that have near-infrared emission imaging and video display capabilities. This recent history combined with major preclinical innovations in fluorescent-labeled molecular probes, has the potential for a shift in surgical practice toward resection guidance based upon molecular information in addition to conventional visual and palpable cues. Most surgical subspecialties already have treatment management decisions partially based upon the immunohistochemical phenotype of the cancer, as assessed from molecular pathology of the biopsy tissue. This phenotyping can inform the surgical resection process by spatial mapping of these features. Further integration of the diagnostic and therapeutic value of tumor metabolism sensing molecules or immune binding agents directly into the surgical process can help this field mature. Maximal value to the patient would come from identifying the spatial patterns of molecular expression in vivo that are well known to exist. However, as each molecular agent is advanced into trials, the performance of the imaging system can have a critical impact on the success. For example, use of pre-existing commercial imaging systems are not well suited to image receptor targeted fluorophores because of the lower concentrations expected, requiring orders of magnitude more sensitivity. Additionally the imaging system needs the appropriate dynamic range and image processing features to view molecular probes or therapeutics that may have nonspecific uptake or pharmacokinetic issues which lead to limitations in contrast. Imaging systems need to be chosen based upon objective performance criteria, and issues around calibration, validation, and interpretation need to be established before a clinical trial starts. Finally, as early phase trials become more established, the costs associated with failures can be crippling to the field, and so judicious use of phase 0 trials with microdose levels of agents is one viable paradigm to help the field advance, but this places high sensitivity requirements on the imaging systems used. Molecular-guided surgery has truly transformative potential, and several key challenges are outlined here with the goal of seeing efficient advancement with ideal choices. The focus of this vision 20/20 paper is on the technological aspects that are needed to be paired with these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 and Department of Surgery, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Keith D Paulsen
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755; Department of Surgery, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755; and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Kimberley S Samkoe
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 and Department of Surgery, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Jonathan T Elliott
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114 and Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Theresa V Strong
- Vector Production Facility, Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
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Mak CSL, Yung MMH, Hui LMN, Leung LL, Liang R, Chen K, Liu SS, Qin Y, Leung THY, Lee KF, Chan KKL, Ngan HYS, Chan DW. MicroRNA-141 enhances anoikis resistance in metastatic progression of ovarian cancer through targeting KLF12/Sp1/survivin axis. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:11. [PMID: 28095864 PMCID: PMC5240442 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer metastasis is determined by the formation of the metastatic niche and the ability of cancer cells to adapt to microenvironmental stresses. Anoikis resistance is a fundamental feature of metastatic cancer cell survival during metastatic cancer progression. However, the mechanisms underlying anoikis resistance in ovarian cancer are still unclear. METHODS Expressions of miRNA-141 and its downstream targets were evaluated by qPCR, Western blotting, Immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays. The luciferase assays were used to prove KLF12 as the downstream target of miR-141. The cDNA microarray and apoptotic protein arrays were used to identify the targets of miR-141 and KLF12. The competition of KLF12 and Sp1 on survivin promoter was examined by ChIP assay. IHC analysis on ovarian cancer tissue array was used to evaluate the expressions of KLF12 and miR-141 and to show the clinical relevance. The functional studies were performed by in vitro and in vivo tumorigenic assays. RESULTS Enforced expression of miR-141 promotes, while knockdown of miR-141 expression inhibits, cell proliferation, anchorage-independent capacity, anoikis resistance, tumor growth and peritoneal metastases of ovarian cancer cells. Bioinformatics and functional analysis identified that Kruppel-related zinc finger protein AP-2rep (KLF12) is directly targeted by miR-141. Consistent with this finding, knockdown of KLF12 phenocopied the effects of miR-141 overexpression in ovarian cancer cells. In contrast, restoration of KLF12 in miR-141-expressing cells significantly attenuated anoikis resistance in ovarian cancer cells via interfering with Sp1-mediated survivin transcription, which inhibits the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and is crucial for ovarian cancer cell survival, anoikis resistance and peritoneal metastases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays confirmed that miRNA-141 expression is inversely correlated with KLF12 expression and significantly associated with advanced ovarian cancers accompanied with distal metastases, underscoring the clinical relevance of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify a novel signaling axis of miR-141/KLF12/Sp1/survivin in enhancing anoikis resistance and likely serves as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia S L Mak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingo M H Yung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lynn M N Hui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Leanne L Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangmei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephanie S Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Qin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas H Y Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Karen K L Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hextan Y S Ngan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - David W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
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70
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Bauerschlag D, Meinhold-Heerlein I, Maass N, Bleilevens A, Bräutigam K, Al Rawashdeh W, Di Fiore S, Haugg AM, Gremse F, Steitz J, Fischer R, Stickeler E, Barth S, Hussain AF. Detection and Specific Elimination of EGFR + Ovarian Cancer Cells Using a Near Infrared Photoimmunotheranostic Approach. Pharm Res 2017; 34:696-703. [PMID: 28074431 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeted theranostics is an alternative strategy in cancer management that aims to improve cancer detection and treatment simultaneously. This approach combines potent therapeutic and diagnostic agents with the specificity of different cell receptor ligands in one product. The success of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) in clinical practice has encouraged the development of antibody theranostics conjugates (ATCs). However, the generation of homogeneous and pharmaceutically-acceptable ATCs remains a major challenge. The aim of this study is to detect and eliminate ovarian cancer cells on-demand using an ATC directed to EGFR. METHODS An ATC with a defined drug-to-antibody ratio was generated by the site-directed conjugation of IRDye®700 to a self-labeling protein (SNAP-tag) fused to an EGFR-specific antibody fragment (scFv-425). RESULTS In vitro and ex vivo imaging showed that the ATC based on scFv-425 is suitable for the highly specific detection of EGFR+ ovarian cancer cell, human tissues and ascites samples. The construct was also able to eliminate EGFR+ cells and human ascites cells with IC50 values of 45-66 nM and 40-90 nM, respectively. CONCLUSION Our experiments provide a framework to create a versatile technology platform for the development of ATCs for precise detection and treatment of ovarian cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Bauerschlag
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolai Maass
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Strasse 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Andreas Bleilevens
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Karen Bräutigam
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Wa'el Al Rawashdeh
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefano Di Fiore
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anke Maria Haugg
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Gremse
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Steitz
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rainer Fischer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elmar Stickeler
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Barth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Product Development, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,South African Research Chair in Cancer Biotechnology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, 7925, South Africa
| | - Ahmad Fawzi Hussain
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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Chitgupi U, Qin Y, Lovell JF. Targeted Nanomaterials for Phototherapy. Nanotheranostics 2017; 1:38-58. [PMID: 29071178 PMCID: PMC5646723 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.17694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phototherapies involve the irradiation of target tissues with light. To further enhance selectivity and potency, numerous molecularly targeted photosensitizers and photoactive nanoparticles have been developed. Active targeting typically involves harnessing the affinity between a ligand and a cell surface receptor for improved accumulation in the targeted tissue. Targeting ligands including peptides, proteins, aptamers and small molecules have been explored for phototherapy. In this review, recent examples of targeted nanomaterials used in phototherapy are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonathan F. Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
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72
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Mallidi S, Anbil S, Bulin AL, Obaid G, Ichikawa M, Hasan T. Beyond the Barriers of Light Penetration: Strategies, Perspectives and Possibilities for Photodynamic Therapy. Theranostics 2016; 6:2458-2487. [PMID: 27877247 PMCID: PMC5118607 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry based treatment modality that involves the generation of cytotoxic species through the interactions of a photosensitizer molecule with light irradiation of an appropriate wavelength. PDT is an approved therapeutic modality for several cancers globally and in several cases has proved to be effective where traditional treatments have failed. The key parameters that determine PDT efficacy are 1. the photosensitizer (nature of the molecules, selectivity, and macroscopic and microscopic localization etc.), 2. light application (wavelength, fluence, fluence rate, irradiation regimes etc.) and 3. the microenvironment (vascularity, hypoxic regions, stromal tissue density, molecular heterogeneity etc.). Over the years, several groups aimed to monitor and manipulate the components of these critical parameters to improve the effectiveness of PDT treatments. However, PDT is still misconstrued to be a surface treatment primarily due to the limited depths of light penetration. In this review, we present the recent advances, strategies and perspectives in PDT approaches, particularly in cancer treatment, that focus on increasing the 'damage zone' beyond the reach of light in the body. This is enabled by a spectrum of approaches that range from innovative photosensitizer excitation strategies, increased specificity of phototoxicity, and biomodulatory approaches that amplify the biotherapeutic effects induced by photodynamic action. Along with the increasing depth of understanding of the underlying physical, chemical and physiological mechanisms, it is anticipated that with the convergence of these strategies, the clinical utility of PDT will be expanded to a powerful modality in the armamentarium for the management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Sriram Anbil
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815
- The University of Texas School of Medicine at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Anne-Laure Bulin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Girgis Obaid
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Megumi Ichikawa
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
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73
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Obaid G, Broekgaarden M, Bulin AL, Huang HC, Kuriakose J, Liu J, Hasan T. Photonanomedicine: a convergence of photodynamic therapy and nanotechnology. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12471-503. [PMID: 27328309 PMCID: PMC4956486 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As clinical nanomedicine has emerged over the past two decades, phototherapeutic advancements using nanotechnology have also evolved and impacted disease management. Because of unique features attributable to the light activation process of molecules, photonanomedicine (PNM) holds significant promise as a personalized, image-guided therapeutic approach for cancer and non-cancer pathologies. The convergence of advanced photochemical therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and imaging modalities with sophisticated nanotechnologies is enabling the ongoing evolution of fundamental PNM formulations, such as Visudyne®, into progressive forward-looking platforms that integrate theranostics (therapeutics and diagnostics), molecular selectivity, the spatiotemporally controlled release of synergistic therapeutics, along with regulated, sustained drug dosing. Considering that the envisioned goal of these integrated platforms is proving to be realistic, this review will discuss how PNM has evolved over the years as a preclinical and clinical amalgamation of nanotechnology with PDT. The encouraging investigations that emphasize the potent synergy between photochemistry and nanotherapeutics, in addition to the growing realization of the value of these multi-faceted theranostic nanoplatforms, will assist in driving PNM formulations into mainstream oncological clinical practice as a necessary tool in the medical armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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74
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Butzbach K, Rasse-Suriani FA, Gonzalez MM, Cabrerizo FM, Epe B. Albumin-Folate Conjugates for Drug-targeting in Photodynamic Therapy. Photochem Photobiol 2016; 92:611-9. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Butzbach
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; University of Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - Federico A.O. Rasse-Suriani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH); Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Chascomús Argentina
| | - M. Micaela Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH); Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Chascomús Argentina
| | - Franco M. Cabrerizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH); Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET); Chascomús Argentina
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry; University of Mainz; Mainz Germany
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75
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Beaudoin S, Leyton JV. Development of a Novel Covalent Folate-Albumin-Photosensitizer Conjugate. Photochem Photobiol 2016; 92:512-4. [PMID: 27221219 DOI: 10.1111/php.12603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the development of novel and more efficient delivery systems for improving the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The authors in this highlighted issue describe the synthesis and the photobiological characterizations of two photosensitizer (PS) conjugates based on β-carboline derivatives covalently conjugated to folic acid (FA) coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a carrier system specifically targeting cancer cells overexpressing FA receptor alpha (FRα). Accordingly, only the FA-BSA-β-carboline conjugates are internalized specifically in FRα-positive cells and are proved to be phototoxic. On the other hand, albumin-β-carboline conjugates without FA or β-carboline derivatives alone are not internalized and nontoxic. This conjugate is among the first to produce a conjugate composed of a PS and FA molecules that are directly conjugated to BSA. In addition, the in vitro studies are the first evidence that directly conjugated FA-BSA can be used as carriers to selectively enhance cytotoxicity by PDT relative to unmodified PS or nontargeted BSA-PS. This strategy is a positive step forward for the covalent design and construction of a photodynamic nanomedicine for FR-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Beaudoin
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jeffrey V Leyton
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Centre d'Imagerie Moléculaire de Sherbrooke (CIMS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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76
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Spring BQ, Sears RB, Zheng LZ, Mai Z, Watanabe R, Sherwood ME, Schoenfeld DA, Pogue BW, Pereira SP, Villa E, Hasan T. A photoactivable multi-inhibitor nanoliposome for tumour control and simultaneous inhibition of treatment escape pathways. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 11:378-87. [PMID: 26780659 PMCID: PMC4821671 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale drug delivery vehicles can facilitate multimodal therapies of cancer by promoting tumour-selective drug release. However, few are effective because cancer cells develop ways to resist and evade treatment. Here, we introduce a photoactivable multi-inhibitor nanoliposome (PMIL) that imparts light-induced cytotoxicity in synchrony with a photoinitiated and sustained release of inhibitors that suppress tumour regrowth and treatment escape signalling pathways. The PMIL consists of a nanoliposome doped with a photoactivable chromophore (benzoporphyrin derivative, BPD) in the lipid bilayer, and a nanoparticle containing cabozantinib (XL184)--a multikinase inhibitor--encapsulated inside. Near-infrared tumour irradiation, following intravenous PMIL administration, triggers photodynamic damage of tumour cells and microvessels, and simultaneously initiates release of XL184 inside the tumour. A single PMIL treatment achieves prolonged tumour reduction in two mouse models and suppresses metastatic escape in an orthotopic pancreatic tumour model. The PMIL offers new prospects for cancer therapy by enabling spatiotemporal control of drug release while reducing systemic drug exposure and associated toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Q. Spring
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115
| | - R. Bryan Sears
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
- Department of Chemistry, Emmanuel College, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Lei Zak Zheng
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Zhiming Mai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Reika Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093
| | - Margaret E. Sherwood
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
| | - David A. Schoenfeld
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University, Biostatistics Unit, Boston MA 02114
| | - Brian W. Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Stephen P. Pereira
- UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Hospital Campus, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Elizabeth Villa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to T.H.,
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77
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Broekgaarden M, van Vught R, Oliveira S, Roovers RC, van Bergen en Henegouwen PMP, Pieters RJ, Van Gulik TM, Breukink E, Heger M. Site-specific conjugation of single domain antibodies to liposomes enhances photosensitizer uptake and photodynamic therapy efficacy. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:6490-6494. [PMID: 26954515 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00014b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy for therapy-resistant cancers will greatly benefit from targeted delivery of tumor photosensitizing agents. In this study, a strategy for the site-specific conjugation of single domain antibodies onto liposomes containing the photosensitizer zinc phthalocyanine was developed and tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Broekgaarden
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R van Vught
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Oliveira
- Division of Cell Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R C Roovers
- Division of Cell Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - R J Pieters
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, NL-3508 TB, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T M Van Gulik
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - E Breukink
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Heger
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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78
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Freise AC, Wu AM. In vivo imaging with antibodies and engineered fragments. Mol Immunol 2015; 67:142-52. [PMID: 25934435 PMCID: PMC4529772 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies have clearly demonstrated their utility as therapeutics, providing highly selective and effective drugs to treat diseases in oncology, hematology, cardiology, immunology and autoimmunity, and infectious diseases. More recently, a pressing need for equally specific and targeted imaging agents for assessing disease in vivo, in preclinical models and patients, has emerged. This review summarizes strategies for developing and optimizing antibodies as targeted probes for use in non-invasive imaging using radioactive, optical, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound approaches. Recent advances in engineered antibody fragments and scaffolds, conjugation and labeling methods, and multimodality probes are highlighted. Importantly, antibody-based imaging probes are seeing new applications in detection and quantitation of cell surface biomarkers, imaging specific responses to targeted therapies, and monitoring immune responses in oncology and other diseases. Antibody-based imaging will provide essential tools to facilitate the transition to truly precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C Freise
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Anna M Wu
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA.
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79
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Simultaneous delivery of cytotoxic and biologic therapeutics using nanophotoactivatable liposomes enhances treatment efficacy in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 12:223-34. [PMID: 26390832 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A lack of intracellular delivery systems has limited the use of biologics such as monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that abrogate molecular signaling pathways activated to promote escape from cancer treatment. We hypothesized that intracellular co-delivery of the photocytotoxic chromophore benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid A (BPD) and the anti-VEGF mAb bevacizumab in a nanophotoactivatable liposome (nanoPAL) might enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with suppression of VEGF-mediated signaling pathways. As a proof-of-concept we found that nanoPAL-PDT induced enhanced extra- and intracellular bevacizumab delivery and enhanced acute cytotoxicity in vitro. In an in vivo subcutaneous mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, nanoPAL-PDT achieved significantly enhanced tumor reduction. We attribute this to the optimal incorporation of insoluble BPD into the lipid bilayer, enhancing photocytotoxicity, and the simultaneous spatiotemporal delivery of bevacizumab, ensuring efficient neutralization of the rapid but transient burst of VEGF following PDT. From the Clinical Editor: Most patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) by the time present the disease it is very advanced, which unavoidably translates to poor survival. For these patients, use of traditional chemotherapy often becomes ineffective due to tumor resistance to drugs. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be an effective modality against chemo-resistant cancers. In this article, the authors investigated the co-delivery of a photocytotoxic agent and anti-VEGF mAb using liposomes. This combination was shown to results in enhanced tumor killing. This method should be applicable to other combination of treatments.
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80
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Nani RR, Gorka AP, Nagaya T, Kobayashi H, Schnermann MJ. Near-IR Light-Mediated Cleavage of Antibody-Drug Conjugates Using Cyanine Photocages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13635-8. [PMID: 26403799 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in the clinical application of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), novel cleavage strategies that provide improved selectivity are still needed. Herein is reported the first approach that uses near-IR light to cleave a small molecule from a biomacromolecule, and its application to the problem of ADC linkage. The preparation of cyanine antibody conjugates, drug cleavage mediated by 690 nm light, and initial in vitro and in vivo evaluation is described. These studies provide the critical chemical underpinning from which to develop this near-IR light cleavable linker strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger R Nani
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD (USA)
| | - Alexander P Gorka
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD (USA)
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (USA)
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD (USA)
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD (USA).
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81
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Nani RR, Gorka AP, Nagaya T, Kobayashi H, Schnermann MJ. Near-IR Light-Mediated Cleavage of Antibody-Drug Conjugates Using Cyanine Photocages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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82
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Spring BQ, Rizvi I, Xu N, Hasan T. The role of photodynamic therapy in overcoming cancer drug resistance. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:1476-91. [PMID: 25856800 PMCID: PMC4520758 DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00495g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many modalities of cancer therapy induce mechanisms of treatment resistance and escape pathways during chronic treatments, including photodynamic therapy (PDT). It is conceivable that resistance induced by one treatment might be overcome by another treatment. Emerging evidence suggests that the unique mechanisms of tumor cell and microenvironment damage produced by PDT could be utilized to overcome cancer drug resistance, to mitigate the compensatory induction of survival pathways and even to re-sensitize resistant cells to standard therapies. Approaches that capture the unique features of PDT, therefore, offer promising factors for increasing the efficacy of a broad range of therapeutic modalities. Here, we highlight key preclinical findings utilizing PDT to overcome classical drug resistance or escape pathways and thus enhance the efficacy of many pharmaceuticals, possibly explaining the clinical observations of the PDT response to otherwise treatment-resistant diseases. With the development of nanotechnology, it is possible that light activation may be used not only to damage and sensitize tumors but also to enable controlled drug release to inhibit escape pathways that may lead to resistance or cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Q Spring
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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83
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Kishimoto S, Bernardo M, Saito K, Koyasu S, Mitchell JB, Choyke PL, Krishna MC. Evaluation of oxygen dependence on in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of photoimmunotherapy using IR-700-antibody conjugates. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 85:24-32. [PMID: 25862414 PMCID: PMC4508222 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) using the near-infrared-absorbing photosensitizing phthalocyanine dye, IRDye 700DX (IR-700), conjugated with a tumor-targeting antibody such as panitumumab (Pan) has shown efficacy in in vitro studies and several preclinical models in mice with promise for clinical translation. PIT results in rapid necrotic cell death in vitro and tumor shrinkage in vivo. Photochemical studies with the Pan-IR-700 conjugate showed that this agent can support generation of singlet oxygen and also generate reactive oxygen species after exposure to near-infrared (NIR) light. Moreover, in vitro studies using A431 cells, singlet oxygen scavengers abrogated the efficacy of PIT with Pan-IR-700, while oxygen depletion to undetectable levels in the exposure chamber almost completely inhibited the cellular cytotoxicity of PIT. Survival of tumor bearing mice was prolonged in PIT-treated animals but mice whose tumors were made transiently hypoxic prior to PIT had no benefit from the treatment. The results from this study support a central role for molecular oxygen-derived species in cell death caused by PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kishimoto
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marcelino Bernardo
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Keita Saito
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sho Koyasu
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - James B Mitchell
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Murali C Krishna
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 10, Room B3B69, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1002, USA.
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84
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Gallagher-Colombo SM, Miller J, Cengel KA, Putt ME, Vinogradov SA, Busch TM. Erlotinib Pretreatment Improves Photodynamic Therapy of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Xenografts via Multiple Mechanisms. Cancer Res 2015; 75:3118-26. [PMID: 26054596 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-3304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a common characteristic of many cancers, including non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer. Although EGFR is currently a favorite molecular target for the treatment of these cancers, inhibition of the receptor with small-molecule inhibitors (i.e., erlotinib) or monoclonal antibodies (i.e., cetuximab) does not provide long-term therapeutic benefit as standalone treatment. Interestingly, we have found that addition of erlotinib to photodynamic therapy (PDT) can improve treatment response in typically erlotinib-resistant NSCLC tumor xenografts. Ninety-day complete response rates of 63% are achieved when erlotinib is administered in three doses before PDT of H460 human tumor xenografts, compared with 16% after PDT-alone. Similar benefit is found when erlotinib is added to PDT of A549 NCSLC xenografts. Improved response is accompanied by increased vascular shutdown, and erlotinib increases the in vitro cytotoxicity of PDT to endothelial cells. Tumor uptake of the photosensitizer (benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A; BPD) is increased by the in vivo administration of erlotinib; nevertheless, this elevation of BPD levels only partially accounts for the benefit of erlotinib to PDT. Thus, pretreatment with erlotinib augments multiple mechanisms of PDT effect that collectively lead to large improvements in therapeutic efficacy. These data demonstrate that short-duration administration of erlotinib before PDT can greatly improve the responsiveness of even erlotinib-resistant tumors to treatment. Results will inform clinical investigation of EGFR-targeting therapeutics in conjunction with PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Gallagher-Colombo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joann Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Keith A Cengel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary E Putt
- Department of Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sergei A Vinogradov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Theresa M Busch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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85
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Kojima R, Aubel D, Fussenegger M. Novel theranostic agents for next-generation personalized medicine: small molecules, nanoparticles, and engineered mammalian cells. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2015; 28:29-38. [PMID: 26056952 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Modern medicine is currently undergoing a paradigm shift from conventional disease treatments based on the diagnosis of a generalized disease state to a more personalized, customized treatment model based on molecular-level diagnosis. This uses novel biosensors that can precisely extract disease-related information from complex biological systems. Moreover, with the recent progress in chemical biology, materials science, and synthetic biology, it has become possible to simultaneously conduct diagnosis and targeted therapy (theranostics/theragnosis) by directly connecting the readout of a biosensor to a therapeutic output. These advances pave the way for more advanced and better personalized treatment for intractable diseases with fewer side effects. In this review, we describe recent advances in the development of cutting-edge theranostic agents that contain both diagnostic and therapeutic functions in a single integrated system. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each modality, we discuss the future challenges and prospects of developing ideal theranostic agents for the next generation of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kojima
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Aubel
- IUTA Département Génie Biologique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; Faculty of Life Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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86
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Mallidi S, Spring BQ, Hasan T. Optical Imaging, Photodynamic Therapy and Optically Triggered Combination Treatments. Cancer J 2015; 21:194-205. [PMID: 26049699 PMCID: PMC4459538 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Optical imaging is becoming increasingly promising for real-time image-guided resections, and combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT), a photochemistry-based treatment modality, optical approaches can be intrinsically "theranostic." Challenges in PDT include precise light delivery, dosimetry, and photosensitizer tumor localization to establish tumor selectivity, and like all other modalities, incomplete treatment and subsequent activation of molecular escape pathways are often attributable to tumor heterogeneity. Key advances in molecular imaging, target-activatable photosensitizers, and optically active nanoparticles that provide both cytotoxicity and a drug release mechanism have opened exciting avenues to meet these challenges. The focus of the review is optical imaging in the context of PDT, but the general principles presented are applicable to many of the conventional approaches to cancer management. We highlight the role of optical imaging in providing structural, functional, and molecular information regarding photodynamic mechanisms of action, thereby advancing PDT and PDT-based combination therapies of cancer. These advances represent a PDT renaissance with increasing applications of clinical PDT as a frontline cancer therapy working in concert with fluorescence-guided surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srivalleesha Mallidi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Bryan Q. Spring
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
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87
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Kim YR, Kim S, Choi JW, Choi SY, Lee SH, Kim H, Hahn SK, Koh GY, Yun SH. Bioluminescence-activated deep-tissue photodynamic therapy of cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:805-17. [PMID: 26000054 PMCID: PMC4440439 DOI: 10.7150/thno.11520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical energy can trigger a variety of photochemical processes useful for therapies. Owing to the shallow penetration of light in tissues, however, the clinical applications of light-activated therapies have been limited. Bioluminescence resonant energy transfer (BRET) may provide a new way of inducing photochemical activation. Here, we show that efficient bioluminescence energy-induced photodynamic therapy (PDT) of macroscopic tumors and metastases in deep tissue. For monolayer cell culture in vitro incubated with Chlorin e6, BRET energy of about 1 nJ per cell generated as strong cytotoxicity as red laser light irradiation at 2.2 mW/cm2 for 180 s. Regional delivery of bioluminescence agents via draining lymphatic vessels killed tumor cells spread to the sentinel and secondary lymph nodes, reduced distant metastases in the lung and improved animal survival. Our results show the promising potential of novel bioluminescence-activated PDT.
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88
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Kotagiri N, Sudlow GP, Akers WJ, Achilefu S. Breaking the depth dependency of phototherapy with Cerenkov radiation and low-radiance-responsive nanophotosensitizers. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 10:370-9. [PMID: 25751304 PMCID: PMC4393353 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The combination of light and photosensitizers for phototherapeutic interventions, such as photodynamic therapy, has transformed medicine and biology. However, the shallow penetration of light into tissues and the reliance on tissue oxygenation to generate cytotoxic radicals have limited the method to superficial or endoscope-accessible lesions. Here we report a way to overcome these limitations by using Cerenkov radiation from radionuclides to activate an oxygen-independent nanophotosensitizer, titanium dioxide (TiO2). We show that the administration of transferrin-coated TiO2 nanoparticles and clinically used radionuclides in mice and colocalization in tumours results in either complete tumour remission or an increase in their median survival. Histological analysis of tumour sections showed the selective destruction of cancerous cells and high numbers of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, which suggests that both free radicals and the activation of the immune system mediated the destruction. Our results offer a way to harness low-radiance-sensitive nanophotosensitizers to achieve depth-independent Cerenkov-radiation-mediated therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Samuel Achilefu
- Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to SA.
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89
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Vacchelli E, Pol J, Bloy N, Eggermont A, Cremer I, Fridman WH, Galon J, Marabelle A, Kohrt H, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies for oncological indications. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e985940. [PMID: 25949870 DOI: 10.4161/2162402x.2014.985940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An expanding panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically target malignant cells or intercept trophic factors delivered by the tumor stroma is now available for cancer therapy. These mAbs can exert direct antiproliferative/cytotoxic effects as they inhibit pro-survival signal transduction cascades or activate lethal receptors at the plasma membrane of cancer cells, they can opsonize neoplastic cells to initiate a tumor-targeting immune response, or they can be harnessed to specifically deliver toxins or radionuclides to transformed cells. As an indication of the success of this immunotherapeutic paradigm, international regulatory agencies approve new tumor-targeting mAbs for use in cancer patients every year. Moreover, the list of indications for previously licensed molecules is frequently expanded to other neoplastic disorders as the results of large, randomized clinical trials become available. Here, we discuss recent advances in the preclinical and clinical development of tumor-targeting mAbs for oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Vacchelli
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Pol
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 13; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI ; Paris, France
| | - Wolf Hervé Fridman
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 13; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI ; Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI ; Paris, France ; Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité ; Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Marabelle
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM ; U1015 , Villejuif, France
| | - Holbrook Kohrt
- Department of Medicine; Division of Oncology; Stanford University ; Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM ; U1015 , Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité ; Paris, France ; Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou ; AP-HP ; Paris, France ; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité ; Paris, France
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90
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Obaid G, Chambrier I, Cook MJ, Russell DA. Cancer targeting with biomolecules: a comparative study of photodynamic therapy efficacy using antibody or lectin conjugated phthalocyanine-PEG gold nanoparticles. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:737-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00312h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The functionalisation of therapeutic nanoparticle constructs with cancer-specific biomolecules can enable selective tumour accumulation and targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girgis Obaid
- School of Chemistry
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich
- UK
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91
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Sato K, Hanaoka H, Watanabe R, Nakajima T, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy in the treatment of disseminated peritoneal ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 14:141-50. [PMID: 25416790 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new cancer treatment that combines the specificity of intravenously injected antibodies for targeting tumors with the toxicity induced by photosensitizers after exposure to near infrared (NIR) light. Herein, we evaluate the efficacy of NIR-PIT in a mouse model of disseminated peritoneal ovarian cancer. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted with a HER2-expressing, luciferase-expressing, ovarian cancer cell line (SKOV-luc). An antibody-photosensitizer conjugate (APC) consisting of trastuzumab and a phthalocyanine dye, IRDye-700DX, was synthesized (tra-IR700) and cells or tumors were exposed to NIR light. In vitro PIT cytotoxicity was assessed with dead staining and luciferase activity in freely growing cells and in a three-dimensional (3D) spheroid model. In vivo NIR-PIT was performed in mice with tumors implanted in the peritoneum and in the flank and these were assessed by tumor volume and/or bioluminescence. In vitro NIR-PIT-induced cytotoxicity was light dose dependent. Repeated light exposures induced complete tumor cell killing in the 3D spheroid model. In vivo the antitumor effects of NIR-PIT were confirmed by significant reductions in both tumor volume and luciferase activity in the flank model (NIR-PIT vs. control in tumor volume changes at day 10, P = 0.0001; NIR-PIT vs. control in luciferase activity at day 4, P = 0.0237), and the peritoneal model (NIR-PIT vs. control in luciferase activity at day 7, P = 0.0037). NIR-PIT provided effective cell killing in this HER2-positive model of disseminated peritoneal ovarian cancer. Thus, NIR-PIT is a promising new therapy for the treatment of disseminated peritoneal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Sato
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hirofumi Hanaoka
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rira Watanabe
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Takahito Nakajima
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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92
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Photoimmunotherapy of gastric cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis in a mouse model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113276. [PMID: 25401794 PMCID: PMC4234664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a new cancer treatment that combines the specificity of antibodies for targeting tumors with the toxicity induced by photosensitizers after exposure to near infrared (NIR) light. We performed PIT in a model of disseminated gastric cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis and monitored efficacy with in vivo GFP fluorescence imaging. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted with a HER2-expressing, GFP-expressing, gastric cancer cell line (N87-GFP). A conjugate comprised of a photosensitizer, IR-700, conjugated to trastuzumab (tra-IR700), followed by NIR light was used for PIT. In vitro PIT was evaluated by measuring cytotoxicity with dead staining and a decrease in GFP fluorescence. In vivo PIT was evaluated in a disseminated peritoneal carcinomatosis model and a flank xenograft using tumor volume measurements and GFP fluorescence intensity. In vivo anti-tumor effects of PIT were confirmed by significant reductions in tumor volume (at day 15, p<0.0001 vs. control) and GFP fluorescence intensity (flank model: at day 3, PIT treated vs. control p<0.01 and peritoneal disseminated model: at day 3 PIT treated vs. control, p<0.05). Cytotoxic effects in vitro were shown to be dependent on the light dose and caused necrotic cell rupture leading to GFP release and a decrease in fluorescence intensity in vitro. Thus, loss of GFP fluorescence served as a useful biomarker of cell necrosis after PIT.
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93
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Spring BQ, Palanisami A, Hasan T. Microscale receiver operating characteristic analysis of micrometastasis recognition using activatable fluorescent probes indicates leukocyte imaging as a critical factor to enhance accuracy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2014; 19:066006. [PMID: 24919449 PMCID: PMC4053439 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.19.6.066006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular-targeted probes are emerging with applications for optical biopsy of cancer. An underexplored potential clinical use of these probes is to monitor residual cancer micrometastases that escape cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. Here, we show that leukocytes, or white blood cells, residing in nontumor tissues--as well as those infiltrating micrometastatic lesions--uptake cancer cell-targeted, activatable immunoconjugates nonspecifically, which limits the accuracy and resolution of micrometastasis recognition using these probes. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of freshly excised tissues from a mouse model of peritoneal carcinomatosis suggests that dual-color imaging, adding an immunostain for leukocytes, offers promise for enabling accurate recognition of single cancer cells. Our results indicate that leukocyte identification improves micrometastasis recognition sensitivity and specificity from 92 to 93%--for multicellular metastases >20 to 30 μm in size--to 98 to 99.9% for resolving metastases as small as a single cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Q. Spring
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Akilan Palanisami
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
- Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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94
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Huang HC, Hasan T. The " Nano" World in Photodynamic Therapy. AUSTIN JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE & NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 2:1020. [PMID: 34350362 PMCID: PMC8329842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is an externally activated, photochemistry-based approach that generates cytotoxic reactive molecular species (RMS), which kill or modulate biological targets. PDT provides unique opportunities for applications of nanotechnology where light activation can trigger both direct RMS-mediated cytotoxic activity and the release of contents within the nanoconstructs (Figure 1). This process allows several species, working via different mechanisms and molecular targets to be activated or released in the right place and time, thus providing a distinctive approach to combination therapy. With advances in the development of miniaturized, even biodegradable, light sources and delivery systems, exciting possibilities of anatomical reach with PDT are being made possible. This brief article introduces aspects of interfaces of PDT and nanotechnology but, due to space constraints, makes no attempt to be a comprehensive review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-MIT, USA
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95
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Terekhov SS, Smirnov IV, Shamborant OG, Zenkova MA, Chernolovskaya EL, Gladkikh DV, Murashev AN, Dyachenko IA, Knorre VD, Belogurov AA, Ponomarenko NA, Deyev SM, Vlasov VV, Gabibov AG. Excessive Labeling Technique Provides a Highly Sensitive Fluorescent Probe for Real-time Monitoring of Biodegradation of Biopolymer Pharmaceuticals in vivo. Acta Naturae 2014; 6:54-9. [PMID: 25558395 PMCID: PMC4273092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant proteins represent a large sector of the biopharma market. Determination of the main elimination pathways raises the opportunities to significantly increase their half-lives in vivo. However, evaluation of biodegradation of pharmaceutical biopolymers performed in the course of pre-clinical studies is frequently complicated. Noninvasive pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in living organism are possible using proteins conjugated with near-infrared dyes. In the present study we designed a highly efficient probe based on fluorescent dye self-quenching for monitoring of in vivo biodegradation of recombinant human butyrylcholinesterase. The maximum enhancement of integral fluorescence in response to degradation of an intravenously administered enzyme was observed 6 h after injection. Importantly, excessive butyrylcholinesterase labeling with fluorescent dye results in significant changes in the pharmacokinetic properties of the obtained conjugate. This fact must be taken into consideration during future pharmacokinetic studies using in vivo bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Terekhov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| | - I. V. Smirnov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997,Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 18, 420008, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
| | - O. G. Shamborant
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| | - M. A. Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 8, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E. L. Chernolovskaya
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 8, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - D. V. Gladkikh
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 8, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A. N. Murashev
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russia
| | - I. A. Dyachenko
- Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290, Moscow region, Russia
| | - V. D. Knorre
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| | - A. A. Belogurov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997,Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 18, 420008, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia,Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 34/5, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. A. Ponomarenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| | - S. M. Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997
| | - V. V. Vlasov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentiev Ave., 8, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A. G. Gabibov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, GSP-7, Moscow, Russia, 117997,Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str. 18, 420008, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia,Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Str., 34/5, 119334, Moscow, Russia
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