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Biasutto L, Azzolini M, Szabò I, Zoratti M. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore in AD 2016: An update. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2016; 1863:2515-30. [PMID: 26902508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 30years the mitochondrial permeability transition - the permeabilization of the inner mitochondrial membrane due to the opening of a wide pore - has progressed from being considered a curious artifact induced in isolated mitochondria by Ca(2+) and phosphate to a key cell-death-inducing process in several major pathologies. Its relevance is by now universally acknowledged and a pharmacology targeting the phenomenon is being developed. The molecular nature of the pore remains to this day uncertain, but progress has recently been made with the identification of the FOF1 ATP synthase as the probable proteic substrate. Researchers sharing this conviction are however divided into two camps: these believing that only the ATP synthase dimers or oligomers can form the pore, presumably in the contact region between monomers, and those who consider that the ring-forming c subunits in the FO sector actually constitute the walls of the pore. The latest development is the emergence of a new candidate: Spastic Paraplegia 7 (SPG7), a mitochondrial AAA-type membrane protease which forms a 6-stave barrel. This review summarizes recent developments of research on the pathophysiological relevance and on the molecular nature of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Channels edited by Pierre Sonveaux, Pierre Maechler and Jean-Claude Martinou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Biasutto
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele Azzolini
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biology, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy; University of Padova, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
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Krishnamoorthy L, Cotruvo JA, Chan J, Kaluarachchi H, Muchenditsi A, Pendyala VS, Jia S, Aron AT, Ackerman CM, Vander Wal MN, Guan T, Smaga LP, Farhi SL, New EJ, Lutsenko S, Chang CJ. Copper regulates cyclic-AMP-dependent lipolysis. Nat Chem Biol 2016; 12:586-92. [PMID: 27272565 PMCID: PMC4955676 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling relies extensively on dynamic pools of redox-inactive metal ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium and zinc, but their redox-active transition metal counterparts such as copper and iron have been studied primarily as static enzyme cofactors. Here we report that copper is an endogenous regulator of lipolysis, the breakdown of fat, which is an essential process in maintaining body weight and energy stores. Using a mouse model of genetic copper misregulation, in combination with pharmacological alterations in copper status and imaging studies in a 3T3-L1 white adipocyte model, we found that copper regulates lipolysis at the level of the second messenger, cyclic AMP (cAMP), by altering the activity of the cAMP-degrading phosphodiesterase PDE3B. Biochemical studies of the copper-PDE3B interaction establish copper-dependent inhibition of enzyme activity and identify a key conserved cysteine residue in a PDE3-specific loop that is essential for the observed copper-dependent lipolytic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Joseph A. Cotruvo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jefferson Chan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Abigael Muchenditsi
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Shang Jia
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Allegra T. Aron
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Cheri M. Ackerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mark N. Vander Wal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Timothy Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Lukas P. Smaga
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Samouil L. Farhi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. New
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christopher J. Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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53
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Therapeutic synergy and complementarity for ischemia/reperfusion injury: β1-adrenergic blockade and phosphodiesterase-3 inhibition. Int J Cardiol 2016; 214:374-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.03.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Esseltine JL, Laird DW. Next-Generation Connexin and Pannexin Cell Biology. Trends Cell Biol 2016; 26:944-955. [PMID: 27339936 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Connexins and pannexins are two families of large-pore channel forming proteins that are capable of passing small signaling molecules. While connexins serve the seminal task of direct gap junctional intercellular communication, pannexins are far less understood but function primarily as single membrane channels in autocrine and paracrine signaling. Advancements in connexin and pannexin biology in recent years has revealed that in addition to well-described classical functions at the plasma membrane, exciting new evidence suggests that connexins and pannexins participate in alternative pathways involving multiple intracellular compartments. Here we briefly highlight classical functions of connexins and pannexins but focus our attention mostly on the transformative findings that suggest that these channel-forming proteins may serve roles far beyond our current understandings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Esseltine
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Dale W Laird
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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55
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Bobin P, Belacel-Ouari M, Bedioune I, Zhang L, Leroy J, Leblais V, Fischmeister R, Vandecasteele G. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in heart and vessels: A therapeutic perspective. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 109:431-43. [PMID: 27184830 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) degrade the second messengers cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), thereby regulating multiple aspects of cardiac and vascular muscle functions. This highly diverse class of enzymes encoded by 21 genes encompasses 11 families that are not only responsible for the termination of cyclic nucleotide signalling, but are also involved in the generation of dynamic microdomains of cAMP and cGMP, controlling specific cell functions in response to various neurohormonal stimuli. In the myocardium and vascular smooth muscle, the PDE3 and PDE4 families predominate, degrading cAMP and thereby regulating cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and smooth muscle contractile tone. PDE3 inhibitors are positive inotropes and vasodilators in humans, but their use is limited to acute heart failure and intermittent claudication. PDE5 is particularly important for the degradation of cGMP in vascular smooth muscle, and PDE5 inhibitors are used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. There is experimental evidence that these PDEs, as well as other PDE families, including PDE1, PDE2 and PDE9, may play important roles in cardiac diseases, such as hypertrophy and heart failure, as well as several vascular diseases. After a brief presentation of the cyclic nucleotide pathways in cardiac and vascular cells, and the major characteristics of the PDE superfamily, this review will focus on the current use of PDE inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases, and the recent research developments that could lead to better exploitation of the therapeutic potential of these enzymes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bobin
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Milia Belacel-Ouari
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ibrahim Bedioune
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Liang Zhang
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jérôme Leroy
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Véronique Leblais
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rodolphe Fischmeister
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Grégoire Vandecasteele
- UMR-S 1180, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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56
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Movsesian M. Novel approaches to targeting PDE3 in cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 163:74-81. [PMID: 27108947 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of PDE3, a family of dual-specificity cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, are used clinically to increase cardiac contractility by raising intracellular cAMP content in cardiac myocytes and to reduce vascular resistance by increasing intracellular cGMP content in vascular smooth muscle myocytes. When used in the treatment of patients with heart failure, PDE3 inhibitors are effective in the acute setting but increase sudden cardiac death with long-term administration, possibly reflecting pro-apoptotic and pro-hypertrophic consequences of increased cAMP-mediated signaling in cardiac myocytes. cAMP-mediated signaling in cardiac myocytes is highly compartmentalized, and different phosphodiesterases, by controlling cAMP content in functionally discrete intracellular microcompartments, regulate different cAMP-mediated pathways. Four variants/isoforms of PDE3 (PDE3A1, PDE3A2, PDE3A3, and PDE3B) are expressed in cardiac myocytes, and new experimental results have demonstrated that these isoforms, which are differentially localized intracellularly through unique protein-protein interactions, control different physiologic responses. While the catalytic regions of these isoforms may be too similar to allow the catalytic activity of each isoform to be selectively inhibited, targeting their unique protein-protein interactions may allow desired responses to be elicited without the adverse consequences that limit the usefulness of existing PDE3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Movsesian
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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57
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Datta NS, Chukkapalli S, Vengalil N, Zhan E, Przyklenk K, Lasley R. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-induced cell death: First evidence of a novel endocrine-cardiovascular interaction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 468:202-7. [PMID: 26518653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although there is a growing interest in the molecular cross-talk between the endocrine and cardiovascular systems, the cardiac effects of calcium-regulating hormones (i.e., parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP)) have not been explored. In this study, we examined the effect of PTHrP on the viability of isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes subjected to oxidative stress. Myocytes from 19 to 22 week old male 129J/C57BL6 mice were exposed to oxidative insult in the form of H2O2 which led to more than 70% loss of cell viability. Herein we demonstrate, for the first time, that pretreatment with 100 nM PTHrP prior to 100 μM H2O2 incubation prevents H2O2 -induced cell death by more than 50%. Immunoblot analysis revealed H2O2 induction of MKP-1 protein expression while PTHrP decreased MKP-1 expression. Moreover, myocytes derived from MKP1 KO mice were resistant to oxidative injury. No added benefit of PTHrP treatment was noted in MKP-1 null cardiomyocytes. Using specific pharmacological inhibitors we demonstrated that P-p38, P-ERK and P-AKT mediated PTHrP's cardioprotective action. These data provide novel evidence that: i) down-regulation of MKP1 affords profound protection against oxidative stress; and ii) PTHrP is cardioprotective, possibly via down-regulation of MKP-1 and activation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabanita S Datta
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Sahiti Chukkapalli
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Nathan Vengalil
- Department of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Enbo Zhan
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Karin Przyklenk
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Robert Lasley
- Department of Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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58
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Soler F, Fernández-Belda F, Pérez-Schindler J, Hernández-Cascales J. Single inhibition of either PDE3 or PDE4 unmasks β2-adrenoceptor-mediated inotropic and lusitropic effects in the left but not right ventricular myocardium of rat. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:429-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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59
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Wade F, Quijada P, Al-Haffar KMA, Awad SM, Kunhi M, Toko H, Marashly Q, Belhaj K, Zahid I, Al-Mohanna F, Stanford SM, Alvarez R, Liu Y, Colak D, Jordan MC, Roos KP, Assiri A, Al-Habeeb W, Sussman M, Bottini N, Poizat C. Deletion of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (Acp1) protects against stress-induced cardiomyopathy. J Pathol 2015. [PMID: 26213100 PMCID: PMC5049627 DOI: 10.1002/path.4594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMPTP), encoded by the ACP1 gene, is a ubiquitously expressed phosphatase whose in vivo function in the heart and in cardiac diseases remains unknown. To investigate the in vivo role of LMPTP in cardiac function, we generated mice with genetic inactivation of the Acp1 locus and studied their response to long‐term pressure overload. Acp1−/− mice develop normally and ageing mice do not show pathology in major tissues under basal conditions. However, Acp1−/− mice are strikingly resistant to pressure overload hypertrophy and heart failure. Lmptp expression is high in the embryonic mouse heart, decreased in the postnatal stage, and increased in the adult mouse failing heart. We also show that LMPTP expression increases in end‐stage heart failure in humans. Consistent with their protected phenotype, Acp1−/− mice subjected to pressure overload hypertrophy have attenuated fibrosis and decreased expression of fibrotic genes. Transcriptional profiling and analysis of molecular signalling show that the resistance of Acp1−/− mice to pathological cardiac stress correlates with marginal re‐expression of fetal cardiac genes, increased insulin receptor beta phosphorylation, as well as PKA and ephrin receptor expression, and inactivation of the CaMKIIδ pathway. Our data show that ablation of Lmptp inhibits pathological cardiac remodelling and suggest that inhibition of LMPTP may be of therapeutic relevance for the treatment of human heart failure. © 2015 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fallou Wade
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pearl Quijada
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Salma Mahmoud Awad
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Kunhi
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haruhiro Toko
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Qussay Marashly
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karim Belhaj
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Israa Zahid
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah Al-Mohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Stephanie M Stanford
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Roberto Alvarez
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yingge Liu
- USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dilek Colak
- Department of Biostatistics and Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maria C Jordan
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth P Roos
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah Assiri
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mark Sussman
- San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nunzio Bottini
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA, USA.,USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Coralie Poizat
- Cardiovascular Research Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,San Diego State University, Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
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Martins-Marques T, Anjo SI, Pereira P, Manadas B, Girão H. Interacting Network of the Gap Junction (GJ) Protein Connexin43 (Cx43) is Modulated by Ischemia and Reperfusion in the Heart. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:3040-55. [PMID: 26316108 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.052894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordinated and synchronized cardiac muscle contraction relies on an efficient gap junction-mediated intercellular communication (GJIC) between cardiomyocytes, which involves the rapid anisotropic impulse propagation through connexin (Cx)-containing channels, namely of Cx43, the most abundant Cx in the heart. Expectedly, disturbing mechanisms that affect channel activity, localization and turnover of Cx43 have been implicated in several cardiomyopathies, such as myocardial ischemia. Besides gap junction-mediated intercellular communication, Cx43 has been associated with channel-independent functions, including modulation of cell adhesion, differentiation, proliferation and gene transcription. It has been suggested that the role played by Cx43 is dictated by the nature of the proteins that interact with Cx43. Therefore, the characterization of the Cx43-interacting network and its dynamics is vital to understand not only the molecular mechanisms underlying pathological malfunction of gap junction-mediated intercellular communication, but also to unveil novel and unanticipated biological functions of Cx43. In the present report, we applied a quantitative SWATH-MS approach to characterize the Cx43 interactome in rat hearts subjected to ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion. Our results demonstrate that, in the heart, Cx43 interacts with proteins related with various biological processes such as metabolism, signaling and trafficking. The interaction of Cx43 with proteins involved in gene transcription strengthens the emerging concept that Cx43 has a role in gene expression regulation. Importantly, our data shows that the interactome of Cx43 (Connexome) is differentially modulated in diseased hearts. Overall, the characterization of Cx43-interacting network may contribute to the establishment of new therapeutic targets to modulate cardiac function in physiological and pathological conditions. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002331.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Martins-Marques
- From the ‡Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Isabel Anjo
- §CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; ¶Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Pereira
- From the ‡Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- §CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; ‖Biocant - Biotechnology Innovation Center, 3060-197, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- From the ‡Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Sta Comba, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal;
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