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Cohanim AB, Amsalem E, Saad R, Shoemaker D, Privman E. Evolution of Olfactory Functions on the Fire Ant Social Chromosome. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:2947-2960. [PMID: 30239696 PMCID: PMC6279166 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular evolutionary basis of social behavior is a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Social insects evolved a complex language of chemical signals to coordinate thousands of individuals. In the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, chemical signals are involved in the determination of a polymorphic social organization. Single-queen (monogyne) or multiqueen (polygyne) social structure is determined by the "social chromosome," a nonrecombining region containing ∼504 genes with two distinct haplotypes, SB and Sb. Monogyne queens are always SBB, while polygyne queens are always SBb. Workers discriminate monogyne from polygyne queens based on olfactory cues. Here, we took an evolutionary genomics approach to search for candidate genes in the social chromosome that could be responsible for this discrimination. We compared the SB and Sb haplotypes and analyzed the evolutionary rates since their divergence. Notably, we identified a cluster of 23 odorant receptors in the nonrecombining region of the social chromosome that stands out in terms of nonsynonymous changes in both haplotypes. The cluster includes twelve genes formed by recent Solenopsis-specific duplications. We found evidence for positive selection on several tree branches and significant differences between the SB and Sb haplotypes of these genes. The most dramatic difference is the complete deletion of two of these genes in Sb. These results suggest that the evolution of polygyne social organization involved adaptations in olfactory genes and opens the way for functional studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir B Cohanim
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Etya Amsalem
- Department of Entomology, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Rana Saad
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Israel
| | - DeWayne Shoemaker
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee
| | - Eyal Privman
- Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Israel
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52
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Chen G, Wang ZW, Wen P, Wei W, Chen Y, Ai H, Sun WB. Hydrocarbons mediate seed dispersal: a new mechanism of vespicochory. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 220:714-725. [PMID: 29677396 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Vespicochory, seed dispersal by hornets, is an uncommon seed dispersal pattern in angiosperms. To date, this phenomenon has been recorded in only four families. Because of its rarity, the causes and consequences of vespicochory remain unclear. Hence, this seed dispersal syndrome is often regarded as anecdotal. Through field investigations, chemical analyses, electrophysiological tests, identification of chemosensory proteins from the antennae of hornets, and behavioral assays, we investigated whether olfactory and/or visual cues of the diaspores of Stemona tuberosa mediate the behavior of the social hornets and maintain their mutualism. This study demonstrated that the elaiosome of S. tuberosa emits hydrocarbons, which are attractive to hornets. However, these compounds, which induce responses in the antennae of naive hornets, are ubiquitous substances on insect cuticle surfaces. Innate preference and experienced foraging behavior of hornets can increase their seed dispersal efficiency. This is the first example in which hydrocarbons have been identified as a diaspore odour involved in the attraction of hornets. Given that the ubiquity of hornets, and the communication function of hydrocarbons in insects, we predict that this rare seed dispersal mechanism may be an overlooked mechanism of insect-plant mutualism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrative Conservation for Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations, Kunming, 650204, China
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Wang
- Chemical Ecology Group of Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Chemical Ecology Group of Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Hui Ai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Wei-Bang Sun
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrative Conservation for Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations, Kunming, 650204, China
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
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Robertson HM, Waterhouse RM, Walden KKO, Ruzzante L, Reijnders MJMF, Coates BS, Legeai F, Gress JC, Biyiklioglu S, Weaver DK, Wanner KW, Budak H. Genome Sequence of the Wheat Stem Sawfly, Cephus cinctus, Representing an Early-Branching Lineage of the Hymenoptera, Illuminates Evolution of Hymenopteran Chemoreceptors. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:2997-3011. [PMID: 30335145 PMCID: PMC6250288 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus, is a major pest of wheat and key ecological player in the grasslands of western North America. It also represents the distinctive Cephoidea superfamily of sawflies (Symphyta) that appeared early during the hymenopteran radiation, but after three early-branching eusymphytan superfamilies that form the base of the order Hymenoptera. We present a high-quality draft genome assembly of 162 Mb in 1,976 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 622 kb. Automated gene annotation identified 11,210 protein-coding gene models and 1,307 noncoding RNA models. Thirteen percent of the assembly consists of ∼58,000 transposable elements partitioned equally between Class-I and Class-II elements. Orthology analysis reveals that 86% of Cephus proteins have identifiable orthologs in other insects. Phylogenomic analysis of conserved subsets of these proteins supports the placement of the Cephoidea between the Eusymphyta and the parasitic woodwasp superfamily Orussoidea. Manual annotation and phylogenetic analysis of families of odorant, gustatory, and ionotropic receptors, plus odorant-binding proteins, shows that Cephus has representatives for most conserved and expanded gene lineages in the Apocrita (wasps, ants, and bees). Cephus has also maintained several insect gene lineages that have been lost from the Apocrita, most prominently the carbon dioxide receptor subfamily. Furthermore, Cephus encodes a few small lineage-specific chemoreceptor gene family expansions that might be involved in adaptations to new grasses including wheat. These comparative analyses identify gene family members likely to have been present in the hymenopteran ancestor and provide a new perspective on the evolution of the chemosensory gene repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh M Robertson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Livio Ruzzante
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maarten J M F Reijnders
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brad S Coates
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), Corn Insects & Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, Iowa
| | - Fabrice Legeai
- Ecology and Genetics of Insects, INRA, UMR IGEPP 1349, Rennes, France
| | - Joanna C Gress
- Department of Science and Mathematics, Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College, Tifton, Georgia
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
| | - Sezgi Biyiklioglu
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
| | - David K Weaver
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University
| | - Kevin W Wanner
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University
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54
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Takeichi Y, Uebi T, Miyazaki N, Murata K, Yasuyama K, Inoue K, Suzaki T, Kubo H, Kajimura N, Takano J, Omori T, Yoshimura R, Endo Y, Hojo MK, Takaya E, Kurihara S, Tatsuta K, Ozaki K, Ozaki M. Putative Neural Network Within an Olfactory Sensory Unit for Nestmate and Non-nestmate Discrimination in the Japanese Carpenter Ant: The Ultra-structures and Mathematical Simulation. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:310. [PMID: 30283303 PMCID: PMC6157317 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ants are known to use a colony-specific blend of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) as a pheromone to discriminate between nestmates and non-nestmates and the CHCs were sensed in the basiconic type of antennal sensilla (S. basiconica). To investigate the functional design of this type of antennal sensilla, we observed the ultra-structures at 2D and 3D in the Japanese carpenter ant, Camponotus japonicus, using a serial block-face scanning electron microscope (SBF-SEM), and conventional and high-voltage transmission electron microscopes. Based on the serial images of 352 cross sections of SBF-SEM, we reconstructed a 3D model of the sensillum revealing that each S. basiconica houses > 100 unbranched dendritic processes, which extend from the same number of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). The dendritic processes had characteristic beaded-structures and formed a twisted bundle within the sensillum. At the "beads," the cell membranes of the processes were closely adjacent in the interdigitated profiles, suggesting functional interactions via gap junctions (GJs). Immunohistochemistry with anti-innexin (invertebrate GJ protein) antisera revealed positive labeling in the antennae of C. japonicus. Innexin 3, one of the five antennal innexin subtypes, was detected as a dotted signal within the S. basiconica as a sensory organ for nestmate recognition. These morphological results suggest that ORNs form an electrical network via GJs between dendritic processes. We were unable to functionally certify the electric connections in an olfactory sensory unit comprising such multiple ORNs; however, with the aid of simulation of a mathematical model, we examined the putative function of this novel chemosensory information network, which possibly contributes to the distinct discrimination of colony-specific blends of CHCs or other odor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takeichi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Uebi
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | - Kouji Yasuyama
- Division of Biology, Department of Natural Sciences, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Kanako Inoue
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toshinobu Suzaki
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideo Kubo
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoko Kajimura
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Jo Takano
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Omori
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Endo
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaru K Hojo
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Eichi Takaya
- Graduate School of Information Systems, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurihara
- Graduate School of Information Systems, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Japan
| | - Kenta Tatsuta
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Koichi Ozaki
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Mamiko Ozaki
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
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55
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Opachaloemphan C, Yan H, Leibholz A, Desplan C, Reinberg D. Recent Advances in Behavioral (Epi)Genetics in Eusocial Insects. Annu Rev Genet 2018; 52:489-510. [PMID: 30208294 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120116-024456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Eusocial insects live in societies in which distinct family members serve specific roles in maintaining the colony and advancing the reproductive ability of a few select individuals. Given the genetic similarity of all colony members, the diversity of morphologies and behaviors is surprising. Social communication relies on pheromones and olfaction, as shown by mutants of orco, the universal odorant receptor coreceptor, and through electrophysiological analysis of neuronal responses to pheromones. Additionally, neurohormonal factors and epigenetic regulators play a key role in caste-specific behavior, such as foraging and caste switching. These studies start to allow an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying social behavior and provide a technological foundation for future studies of eusocial insects. In this review, we highlight recent findings in eusocial insects that advance our understanding of genetic and epigenetic regulations of social behavior and provide perspectives on future studies using cutting-edge technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Comzit Opachaloemphan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; ,
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; , .,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA; .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Claude Desplan
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; ,
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; , .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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56
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Ghaninia M, Berger SL, Reinberg D, Zwiebel LJ, Ray A, Liebig J. Antennal Olfactory Physiology and Behavior of Males of the Ponerine Ant Harpegnathos saltator. J Chem Ecol 2018; 44:999-1007. [PMID: 30191433 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-018-1013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In comparison to the large amount of study on the communication abilities of females in ant societies and their associated chemical ecology and sensory physiology, such study of male ants has been largely ignored; accordingly, little is known about their olfactory sensory capabilities. To address this, we explored peripheral odor sensitivities in male Harpegnathos saltator by measuring the electrophysiological activity of olfactory sensory neurons within antennal trichoid and coeloconic sensilla using an extracellular recording technique. In an initial trial of 46 compounds, sensilla trichodea responded strongly to two alarm pheromone components, while a limited number of non-hydrocarbon odorants elicited strong responses in sensilla coeloconica. Both sensillar types responded indifferently to 31 cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) and synthetic long-chain hydrocarbons (HCs) typically found on insect cuticle. In a search for sensilla responding to CHCs and other compounds, we found some sensilla that responded to synthetic HCs and CHCs from virgin queen postpharyngeal glands that are potentially used in close range mate recognition. Olfactometer bioassays of male ants to 15 non-HCs correlated sensory responsiveness to the respective behavioral responses. Comparing olfactory responses between H. saltator males and females, we found that sensilla coeloconica and basiconica of workers showed greater responses and broader selectivity to all compounds. The rarity of CHC-responding trichoid sensilla in Harpegnathos males suggests a more specific role in sexual communication compared to that in females, which use CHCs in a broader communication context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ghaninia
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85283, USA.
- Division of Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Grogan, Iran.
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, Genetics and Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes, Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Laurence J Zwiebel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anandasankar Ray
- Department of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jürgen Liebig
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85283, USA
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57
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Yohe LR, Brand P. Evolutionary ecology of chemosensation and its role in sensory drive. Curr Zool 2018; 64:525-533. [PMID: 30108633 PMCID: PMC6084603 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoy048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
All behaviors of an organism are rooted in sensory processing of signals from its environment, and natural selection shapes sensory adaptations to ensure successful detection of cues that maximize fitness. Sensory drive, or divergent selection for efficient signal transmission among heterogeneous environments, has been a useful hypothesis for describing sensory adaptations, but its current scope has primarily focused on visual and acoustic sensory modalities. Chemosensation, the most widespread sensory modality in animals that includes the senses of smell and taste, is characterized by rapid evolution and has been linked to sensory adaptations to new environments in numerous lineages. Yet, olfaction and gustation have been largely underappreciated in light of the sensory drive hypothesis. Here, we examine why chemosensory systems have been overlooked and discuss the potential of chemosensation to shed new insight on the sensory drive hypothesis and vice versa. We provide suggestions for developing a framework to better incorporate studies of chemosensory adaptation that have the potential to shape a more complete, coherent, and holistic interpretation of the sensory drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel R Yohe
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Geology & Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Philipp Brand
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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58
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Brand P, Ramírez SR. The Evolutionary Dynamics of the Odorant Receptor Gene Family in Corbiculate Bees. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 9:2023-2036. [PMID: 28854688 PMCID: PMC5597890 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects rely on chemical information to locate food, choose mates, and detect potential predators. It has been hypothesized that adaptive changes in the olfactory system facilitated the diversification of numerous insect lineages. For instance, evolutionary changes of Odorant Receptor (OR) genes often occur in parallel with modifications in life history strategies. Corbiculate bees display a diverse array of behaviors that are controlled through olfaction, including varying degrees of social organization, and manifold associations with floral resources. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms driving the evolution of the OR gene family in corbiculate bees in comparison to other chemosensory gene families. Our results indicate that the genomic organization of the OR gene family has remained highly conserved for ∼80 Myr, despite exhibiting major changes in repertoire size among bee lineages. Moreover, the evolution of OR genes appears to be driven mostly by lineage-specific gene duplications in few genomic regions that harbor large numbers of OR genes. A selection analysis revealed that OR genes evolve under positive selection, with the strongest signals detected in recently duplicated copies. Our results indicate that chromosomal translocations had a minimal impact on OR evolution, and instead local molecular mechanisms appear to be main drivers of OR repertoire size. Our results provide empirical support to the longstanding hypothesis that positive selection shaped the diversification of the OR gene family. Together, our results shed new light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the evolution of olfaction in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Brand
- Department for Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis.,Population Biology Graduate Group, Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis
| | - Santiago R Ramírez
- Department for Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis
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59
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Holman
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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60
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Jia X, Zhang X, Liu H, Wang R, Zhang T. Identification of chemosensory genes from the antennal transcriptome of Indian meal moth Plodia interpunctella. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0189889. [PMID: 29304134 PMCID: PMC5755773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction plays an indispensable role in mediating insect behavior, such as locating host plants, mating partners, and avoidance of toxins and predators. Olfactory-related proteins are required for olfactory perception of insects. However, very few olfactory-related genes have been reported in Plodia interpunctella up to now. In the present study, we sequenced the antennae transcriptome of P. interpunctella using the next-generation sequencing technology, and identified 117 candidate olfactory-related genes, including 29 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 15 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), three sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), 47 odorant receptors (ORs), 14 ionotropic receptors (IRs) and nine gustatory receptors (GRs). Further analysis of qRT-PCR revealed that nine OBPs, three CSPs, two SNMPs, nine ORs and two GRs were specifically expressed in the male antennae, whereas eight OBPs, six CSPs, one SNMP, 16 ORs, two GRs and seven IRs significantly expressed in the female antennae. Taken together, our results provided useful information for further functional studies on insect genes related to recognition of pheromone and odorant, which might be meaningful targets for pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Jia
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Liu
- College of Agronomy, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, P. R. China
| | - Rongyan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Integrated Pest Management Center of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Baoding, P. R. China
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61
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Computational genome-wide survey of odorant receptors from two solitary bees Dufourea novaeangliae (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) and Habropoda laboriosa (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Sci Rep 2017; 7:10823. [PMID: 28883425 PMCID: PMC5589748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11098-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory/odorant receptors (ORs) probably govern eusocial behaviour in honey bees through detection of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) and queen mandibular gland pheromones (QMP). CHCs are involved in nest-mate recognition whereas QMP acts as sex pheromone for drones and as retinue pheromone for female workers. Further studies on the effect of eusociality on the evolution of ORs are hindered by the non-availability of comprehensive OR sets of solitary species. We report complete OR repertoires from two solitary bees Dufourea novaeangliae (112 ORs) and Habropoda laboriosa (151 ORs). We classify these ORs into 34 phylogenetic clades/subfamilies. Differences in the OR sets of solitary and eusocial bees are observed in individual subfamilies like subfamily 9-exon (putative CHC receptors) and L (contains putative QMP receptor group). A subfamily (H) including putative floral scent receptors is expanded in the generalist honey bees only, but not in the specialists. On the contrary, subfamily J is expanded in all bees irrespective of their degree of social complexity or food preferences. Finally, we show species-lineage specific and OR-subfamily specific differences in the putative cis-regulatory DNA motifs of the ORs from six hymenopteran species. Out of these, [A/G]CGCAAGCG[C/T] is a candidate master transcription factor binding site for multiple olfactory genes.
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62
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Decoding ants' olfactory system sheds light on the evolution of social communication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:8911-8913. [PMID: 28811370 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1711075114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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63
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Ghaninia M, Haight K, Berger SL, Reinberg D, Zwiebel LJ, Ray A, Liebig J. Chemosensory sensitivity reflects reproductive status in the ant Harpegnathos saltator. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3732. [PMID: 28623371 PMCID: PMC5473913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03964-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects communicate with pheromones using sensitive antennal sensilla. Although trace amounts of pheromones can be detected by many insects, context-dependent increased costs of high sensitivity might lead to plasticity in sensillum responsiveness. We have functionally characterized basiconic sensilla of the ant Harpegnathos saltator for responses to general odors in comparison to cuticular hydrocarbons which can act as fertility signals emitted by the principal reproductive(s) of a colony to inhibit reproduction by worker colony members. When released from inhibition workers may become reproductive gamergates. We observed plasticity in olfactory sensitivity after transition to reproductive status with significant reductions in electrophysiological responses to several long-chained cuticular hydrocarbons. Although gamergates lived on average five times longer than non-reproductive workers, the shift to reproductive status rather than age differences matched the pattern of changes in olfactory sensitivity. Decreasing sensillum responsiveness to cuticular hydrocarbons could potentially reduce mutually inhibitory or self-inhibitory effects on gamergate reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Ghaninia
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
- Division of Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Kevin Haight
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Departments of Cell and Developmental Biology, Genetics and Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Danny Reinberg
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biochemistry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Laurence J Zwiebel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37235, USA
| | - Anandasankar Ray
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Jürgen Liebig
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
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