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Zhao D, Zhuang N, Ding Y, Kang Y, Shi L. MiR-221 activates the NF-κB pathway by targeting A20. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 472:11-8. [PMID: 26549234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs play an important role in regulating the inflammatory response, and are critically involved in the development of inflammatory disorders, including those affecting the lungs. While the microRNA miR-221 is involved in embryonic lung branching morphogenesis and epithelial cell development, its importance in lung inflammation has not been previously explored. In our current study, expression of miR-221 was selectively decreased by exposure to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) both in vitro and in vivo. Enforced expression of miR-221 significantly increased the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and enhanced the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs upon LPS stimulation. Accordingly, intratracheal stimulation of miR-221 was shown to aggravate endotoxin-induced acute lung injuries and inflammation in mice. Mechanistic studies showed that miR-221 directly targets A20, a master regulator of NF-κB and MAPK signaling, and thus represses inflammatory signaling. Restoration of A20 in macrophages abolished the stimulatory effect of miR-221 on production of proinflammatory cytokines. Together, these results indicate the presence of a novel miRNA-mediated feed-back mechanism that controls inflammation, and suggest involvement of aberrant miR-221 expression in the development of inflammatory lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjiu Zhao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China.
| | - Ningtong Zhuang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China.
| | - Yina Ding
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China.
| | - Yanhua Kang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China.
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Key Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310036, China.
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Mahmood S, Bhatti A, Syed NA, John P. The microRNA regulatory network: a far-reaching approach to the regulate the Wnt signaling pathway in number of diseases. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:310-8. [PMID: 26523375 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1080273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in cell renewal, tumorigenesis, organogenesis, bone formation and bone resorption. Wnt signaling pathway is divided into two outlets: Wnt-β-catenin pathway (canonical pathway) and Wnt-calcium pathway (non-canonical pathway). miRNAs play a key role in the regulation of Wnt signaling pathway. In this review, we highlight the basic indulgent of miRNAs-mediated regulation of Wnt signaling pathway. We focus on the role of miRNAs at different levels of Wnt signaling: signaling molecules, their associated signaling proteins, regulatory proteins, transcription factors and related cytokines. Finally, we concluded that these multiple levels of targeting may have diagnostic potential as well as therapeutic prospective in future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Mahmood
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Attya Bhatti
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Nida Ali Syed
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Peter John
- a Immunogenetic Lab, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST) , Islamabad , Pakistan
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Li MC, Yu JH, Yu SS, Chi YY, Xiang YB. MicroRNA-873 Inhibits Morphine-Induced Macrophage Apoptosis by Elevating A20 Expression. PAIN MEDICINE 2015; 16:1993-9. [DOI: 10.1111/pme.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Sun J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang X, Dong H, Qian Y. IL-17A is implicated in lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in aged rats via microglial activation. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12:165. [PMID: 26373740 PMCID: PMC4572693 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-015-0394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is considered a risk factor for impairments in neuronal function and cognition that arise with trauma, infection, and/or disease. IL-17A has been determined to be involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Recently, IL-17A has been shown to be upregulated in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced systemic inflammation. This study aims to explore the role of IL-17A in LPS-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were injected intraperitoneally with LPS (500 μg/kg), and IL-17A expression in serum and in the hippocampus was examined 6, 12, 24, and 48 h later. Then, we investigated whether IL-17A-neutralizing antibodies (IL-17A Abs, 1 mg/kg) prevented neuroinflammation and memory dysfunction in aged rats that received LPS (500 μg/kg) injection. In addition, the effect of IL-17A on microglial activation in vitro was determined using ELISA and immunofluorescence. RESULTS LPS injection increased the expression of IL-17A in serum and in the hippocampus. IL-17A Abs improved LPS-induced memory impairment. In addition, IL-17A Abs prevented the LPS-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and inflammatory proteins, and of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as well as the activation of microglia in the brain. IL-17A Abs also inhibited the expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and BACE1 and increased the expression of the synaptic marker PSD95 in the aged rats treated with LPS. In an in vitro study, we found that recombinant IL-17A could simulate microglial activation and increase production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggest that IL-17A was involved in LPS-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in aged rats via microglial activation. Anti-IL-17A may represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of endotoxemia-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Susu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaobao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongquan Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanning Qian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China.
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CHEN XIONG, ZHANG YINGYING, SHI YINGYING, LIAN HAIWEI, TU HUILIN, HAN SONG, PENG BIWEN, LIU WANHONG, HE XIAOHUA. miR-873 acts as a novel sensitizer of glioma cells to cisplatin by targeting Bcl-2. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1603-11. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Garg AV, Amatya N, Chen K, Cruz JA, Grover P, Whibley N, Conti HR, Hernandez Mir G, Sirakova T, Childs EC, Smithgall TE, Biswas PS, Kolls JK, McGeachy MJ, Kolattukudy PE, Gaffen SL. MCPIP1 Endoribonuclease Activity Negatively Regulates Interleukin-17-Mediated Signaling and Inflammation. Immunity 2015; 43:475-87. [PMID: 26320658 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) induces pathology in autoimmunity and infections; therefore, constraint of this pathway is an essential component of its regulation. We demonstrate that the signaling intermediate MCPIP1 (also termed Regnase-1, encoded by Zc3h12a) is a feedback inhibitor of IL-17 receptor signal transduction. MCPIP1 knockdown enhanced IL-17-mediated signaling, requiring MCPIP1's endoribonuclease but not deubiquitinase domain. MCPIP1 haploinsufficient mice showed enhanced resistance to disseminated Candida albicans infection, which was reversed in an Il17ra(-/-) background. Conversely, IL-17-dependent pathology in Zc3h12a(+/-) mice was exacerbated in both EAE and pulmonary inflammation. MCPIP1 degraded Il6 mRNA directly but only modestly downregulated the IL-6 promoter. However, MCPIP1 strongly inhibited the Lcn2 promoter by regulating the mRNA stability of Nfkbiz, encoding the IκBζ transcription factor. Unexpectedly, MCPIP1 degraded Il17ra and Il17rc mRNA, independently of the 3' UTR. The cumulative impact of MCPIP1 on IL-6, IκBζ, and possibly IL-17R subunits results in a biologically relevant inhibition of IL-17 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek V Garg
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nilesh Amatya
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Kong Chen
- Department of Pediatrics & Immunology, Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - J Agustin Cruz
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Prerna Grover
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Natasha Whibley
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Heather R Conti
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Gerard Hernandez Mir
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tatiana Sirakova
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Erin C Childs
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Thomas E Smithgall
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Partha S Biswas
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jay K Kolls
- Department of Pediatrics & Immunology, Richard King Mellon Institute for Pediatric Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Mandy J McGeachy
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Pappachan E Kolattukudy
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sarah L Gaffen
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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Khan D, Ansar Ahmed S. Regulation of IL-17 in autoimmune diseases by transcriptional factors and microRNAs. Front Genet 2015; 6:236. [PMID: 26236331 PMCID: PMC4500956 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, IL-17A (IL-17), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has received intense attention of researchers and clinicians alike with documented effects in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. IL-17 mobilizes, recruits and activates different cells to increase inflammation. Although protective in infections, overproduction of IL-17 promotes inflammation in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, among others. Regulating IL-17 levels or action by using IL-17-blocking antibodies or IL-17R antagonist has shown to attenuate experimental autoimmune diseases. It is now known that in addition to IL-17-specific transcription factor, RORγt, several other transcription factors and select microRNAs (miRNA) regulate IL-17. Given that miRNAs are dysregulated in autoimmune diseases, a better understanding of transcriptional factors and miRNA regulation of IL-17 expression and function will be essential for devising potential new therapies. In this review, we will overview IL-17 induction and function in relation to autoimmune diseases. In addition, current findings on transcriptional regulation of IL-17 induction and plausible interplay between IL-17 and miRNA in autoimmune diseases are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - S Ansar Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Naghavian R, Ghaedi K, Kiani-Esfahani A, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, Etemadifar M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. miR-141 and miR-200a, Revelation of New Possible Players in Modulation of Th17/Treg Differentiation and Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124555. [PMID: 25938517 PMCID: PMC4418573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background One of the main issues in pathogenesis of MS is Th17/Treg imbalance. There are growing interests in nominating miRNAs involved in Th17 cell differentiation, suggesting them as new therapeutic agents that may reduce progression of different autoimmune diseases specially MS. Objectives We assessed transcript levels of miR-141 and miR-200a in MS patients, during relapsing and remitting phases. We also investigated possible role of miR-141, miR-200a in inducing differentiation to Th17 cells. Materials and Methods Forty RR-MS patient samples including relapsing (n=20) and remitting (n=20) phases were chosen. Expression level of miR-141 and miR-200a were measured by RT-q PCR and compared to healthy control group (n=10). In-silico analyses on miR-141 and miR-200a targetome showed involvement of both miRNAs in T helper cell differentiation pathways including TGF-β, mTOR and JAK/STAT. Results We observed that percentage of RORγt+ CD4+ T cells increase in relapsing phase while FOXP3+ CD4+ increase in remitting phase of MS patients. Furthermore, both miR-141 and miR-200a show up-regulation in relapsing phase of MS patients compared to remitting and control groups. Interestingly, expression level of target genes of miR-141 and miR-200a, which were assessed through in-silico methods, show down-regulation in relapsing phase of MS patients. Conclusions According to our results, miR-141 and miR-200a may be key miRNAs in progression of symptoms of MS through inducing differentiation of Th17 cells and inhibiting differentiation to Treg cells. Our data suggest that these miRNAs may probably inhibit negative regulators of Th17 cell differentiation, thus promoting its differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Naghavian
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- * E-mail: (KG); (MHNE)
| | - Abbas Kiani-Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud Etemadifar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Research Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- * E-mail: (KG); (MHNE)
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The role of IL-17 in CNS diseases. Acta Neuropathol 2015; 129:625-37. [PMID: 25716179 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines of the IL-17 family are uniquely placed on the border between immune cells and tissue. Although IL-17 was originally found to induce the activation and mobilization of neutrophils to sites of inflammation, its tissue-specific function is not yet fully understood. The best-studied IL-17 family members, IL-17A and IL-17F, are both typically produced by immune cells such as Th17, γδ T cells and innate lymphoid cells group 3. However, the cells that respond to these cytokines are mostly found in inflamed tissue. As seen in psoriatic skin lesions or in joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients, high levels of IL-17 have been detected in the central nervous system (CNS) during inflammatory responses. Here, we provide a general review of the molecular function of IL-17 and its role in the CNS in particular. Of the different inflammatory conditions of the CNS, we found multiple sclerosis (MS) to be the one most associated with the presence of Th17 cells and IL-17. In particular, many studies using the murine model for MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, found a clear association of Th17 and IL-17 with disease severity and progression. We summarize the recent advances made in correlating the presence of IL-17 with impaired blood-brain barrier integrity as well as the activation of astrocytes and microglia and the consequences for disease progression. There is also evidence that IL-17 plays a pathogenic role in the post-ischemic phase of stroke as well as its experimental model. We review the limited but promising data on the sources of post-stroke IL-17 production and its effects on CNS-resident target cells. In addition to MS and stroke, there is also evidence linking high levels of IL-17 to depression, as a frequent comorbidity of several inflammatory diseases, as well as to different types of infections of the CNS. The evidence we supply here suggests that inhibiting the function of the IL-17 cytokine family could have a beneficial effect on pathogenic conditions in the CNS.
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