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Frugier T, Mitchell NL, Tammen I, Houweling PJ, Arthur DG, Kay GW, van Diggelen OP, Jolly RD, Palmer DN. A new large animal model of CLN5 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in Borderdale sheep is caused by a nucleotide substitution at a consensus splice site (c.571+1G>A) leading to excision of exon 3. Neurobiol Dis 2007; 29:306-15. [PMID: 17988881 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2007.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Revised: 09/06/2007] [Accepted: 09/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Batten disease (neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, NCLs) are a group of inherited childhood diseases that result in severe brain atrophy, blindness and seizures, leading to premature death. To date, eight different genes have been identified, each associated with a different form. Linkage analysis indicated a CLN5 form in a colony of affected New Zealand Borderdale sheep. Sequencing studies established the disease-causing mutation to be a substitution at a consensus splice site (c.571+1G>A), leading to the excision of exon 3 and a truncated putative protein. A molecular diagnostic test has been developed based on the excision of exon 3. Sequence alignments support the gene product being a soluble lysosomal protein. Western blotting of isolated storage bodies indicates the specific storage of subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase. This flock is being expanded as a large animal model for mechanistic studies and trial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Frugier
- Lincoln University, Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, Cell Biology Group, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand
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52
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Sleat DE, Jadot M, Lobel P. Lysosomal proteomics and disease. Proteomics Clin Appl 2007; 1:1134-46. [PMID: 21136763 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A recent trend in proteomic studies has been to analyze macromolecular complexes such as subcellular organelles instead of complete cells or tissues. This "divide and conquer" approach circumvents some of the formidable problems associated with whole proteome analyses and allows focus on a subset of proteins that may be involved in a particular process or disease of interest. One organelle that has been the focus of considerable attention in proteomic studies is the lysosome, an acidic, membrane-delimited compartment that plays an essential role in the degradation and recycling of biological macromolecules. Lysosomal proteomics have been driven in part by the well-established involvement of this organelle in numerous human diseases, but also by the availability of approaches to selectively visualize and/or isolate subsets of lysosomal proteins. In terms of clinical application, proteomic studies of the lysosome have led to the identification of gene defects in three human hereditary diseases. This review summarizes past progress, current limitations and future directions in the field of lysosomal proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Sleat
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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53
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Birrell GW, Earl STH, Wallis TP, Masci PP, de Jersey J, Gorman JJ, Lavin MF. The Diversity of Bioactive Proteins in Australian Snake Venoms. Mol Cell Proteomics 2007; 6:973-86. [PMID: 17317661 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m600419-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Australian elapid snakes are among the most venomous in the world. Their venoms contain multiple components that target blood hemostasis, neuromuscular signaling, and the cardiovascular system. We describe here a comprehensive approach to separation and identification of the venom proteins from 18 of these snake species, representing nine genera. The venom protein components were separated by two-dimensional PAGE and identified using mass spectrometry and de novo peptide sequencing. The venoms are complex mixtures showing up to 200 protein spots varying in size from <7 to over 150 kDa and in pI from 3 to >10. These include many proteins identified previously in Australian snake venoms, homologs identified in other snake species, and some novel proteins. In many cases multiple trains of spots were typically observed in the higher molecular mass range (>20 kDa) (indicative of post-translational modification). Venom proteins and their post-translational modifications were characterized using specific antibodies, phosphoprotein- and glycoprotein-specific stains, enzymatic digestion, lectin binding, and antivenom reactivity. In the lower molecular weight range, several proteins were identified, but the predominant species were phospholipase A2 and alpha-neurotoxins, both represented by different sequence variants. The higher molecular weight range contained proteases, nucleotidases, oxidases, and homologs of mammalian coagulation factors. This information together with the identification of several novel proteins (metalloproteinases, vespryns, phospholipase A2 inhibitors, protein-disulfide isomerase, 5'-nucleotidases, cysteine-rich secreted proteins, C-type lectins, and acetylcholinesterases) aids in understanding the lethal mechanisms of elapid snake venoms and represents a valuable resource for future development of novel human therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoff W Birrell
- The Queensland Institute of Medical Research, P. O. Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
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Zito E, Buono M, Pepe S, Settembre C, Annunziata I, Surace EM, Dierks T, Monti M, Cozzolino M, Pucci P, Ballabio A, Cosma MP. Sulfatase modifying factor 1 trafficking through the cells: from endoplasmic reticulum to the endoplasmic reticulum. EMBO J 2007; 26:2443-53. [PMID: 17446859 PMCID: PMC1868907 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfatase modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) is the gene mutated in multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) that encodes the formylglycine-generating enzyme, an essential activator of all the sulfatases. SUMF1 is a glycosylated enzyme that is resident in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), although it is also secreted. Here, we demonstrate that upon secretion, SUMF1 can be taken up from the medium by several cell lines. Furthermore, the in vivo engineering of mice liver to produce SUMF1 shows its secretion into the blood serum and its uptake into different tissues. Additionally, we show that non-glycosylated forms of SUMF1 can still be secreted, while only the glycosylated SUMF1 enters cells, via a receptor-mediated mechanism. Surprisingly, following its uptake, SUMF1 shuttles from the plasma membrane to the ER, a route that has to date only been well characterized for some of the toxins. Remarkably, once taken up and relocalized into the ER, SUMF1 is still active, enhancing the sulfatase activities in both cultured cells and mice tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Zito
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Buono
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Pepe
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Ida Annunziata
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Thomas Dierks
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry I, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Maria Monti
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology and Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marianna Cozzolino
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology and Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - Piero Pucci
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology and Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Federico II University, Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Cosma
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), via P Castellino 111, Naples 80131, Italy. Tel.: +39 081 6132226; Fax: +39 081 5609877; E-mail:
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Jensen A, Chemali M, Chapel A, Kieffer-Jaquinod S, Jadot M, Garin J, Journet A. Biochemical characterization and lysosomal localization of the mannose-6-phosphate protein p76 (hypothetical protein LOC196463). Biochem J 2007; 402:449-58. [PMID: 17105447 PMCID: PMC1863569 DOI: 10.1042/bj20061205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Most soluble lysosomal proteins carry Man6P (mannose 6-phosphate), a specific carbohydrate marker that enables their binding to cellular MPRs (Man6P receptors) and their subsequent targeting towards the lysosome. This characteristic was exploited to identify novel soluble lysosomal proteins by proteomic analysis of Man6P proteins purified from a human cell line. Among the proteins identified during the course of the latter study [Journet, Chapel, Kieffer, Roux and Garin (2002) Proteomics, 2, 1026-1040], some had not been previously described as lysosomal proteins. We focused on a protein detected at 76 kDa by SDS/PAGE. We named this protein 'p76' and it appeared later in the NCBI protein database as the 'hypothetical protein LOC196463'. In the present paper, we describe the identification of p76 by MS and we analyse several of its biochemical characteristics. The presence of Man6P sugars was confirmed by an MPR overlay experiment, which showed the direct and Man6P-dependent interaction between p76 and the MPR. The presence of six N-glycosylation sites was validated by progressive peptide-N-glycosidase F deglycosylation. Experiments using N- and C-termini directed anti-p76 antibodies provided insights into p76 maturation. Most importantly, we were able to demonstrate the lysosomal localization of this protein, which was initially suggested by its Man6P tags, by both immunofluorescence and sub-cellular fractionation of mouse liver homogenates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs G. Jensen
- *Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Département Dynamique et Réponse Cellulaire, Laboratoire de Chimie des Protéines, Grenoble F-38054, France; INSERM, ERM 0201, Grenoble F-38054, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - Magali Chemali
- *Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Département Dynamique et Réponse Cellulaire, Laboratoire de Chimie des Protéines, Grenoble F-38054, France; INSERM, ERM 0201, Grenoble F-38054, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - Agnès Chapel
- *Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Département Dynamique et Réponse Cellulaire, Laboratoire de Chimie des Protéines, Grenoble F-38054, France; INSERM, ERM 0201, Grenoble F-38054, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - Sylvie Kieffer-Jaquinod
- *Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Département Dynamique et Réponse Cellulaire, Laboratoire de Chimie des Protéines, Grenoble F-38054, France; INSERM, ERM 0201, Grenoble F-38054, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - Michel Jadot
- †Unité de Recherche en Physiologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire de Chimie Physiologique, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Garin
- *Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Département Dynamique et Réponse Cellulaire, Laboratoire de Chimie des Protéines, Grenoble F-38054, France; INSERM, ERM 0201, Grenoble F-38054, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - Agnès Journet
- *Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Département Dynamique et Réponse Cellulaire, Laboratoire de Chimie des Protéines, Grenoble F-38054, France; INSERM, ERM 0201, Grenoble F-38054, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble F-38054, France
- To whom correspondence should be addressed (email )
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Sleat DE, Zheng H, Lobel P. The human urine mannose 6-phosphate glycoproteome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2006; 1774:368-72. [PMID: 17258946 PMCID: PMC1859868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Revised: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glycoproteins containing the mannose 6-phosphate (Man-6-P) modification represent a class of proteins of considerable biomedical importance. They include over sixty different soluble lysosomal hydrolases and accessory proteins, deficiencies of which result in over forty different known human genetic diseases. In addition, there are patients with lysosomal storage diseases of unknown etiology and lysosomal proteins have been implicated in pathophysiological processes associated with Alzheimer disease, arthritis, and cancer. The aim of this study was to explore urine as a source for the proteomic investigation of lysosomal storage disorders as well as for biomarker studies on the role of Man-6-P containing proteins in other human diseases. To this end, urinary proteins were affinity purified on immobilized Man-6-P receptors, digested with trypsin, and analyzed using nanospray LC/MS/MS. This resulted in identification of 67 proteins, including 48 known lysosomal proteins and 9 proteins that may be lysosomal. The identification of a large proportion of the known set of soluble lysosomal proteins with relatively few contaminants suggests that urine represents a promising substrate for the development of comparative proteomic methods for the investigation of lysosomal disorders and other diseases involving Man-6-P glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Sleat
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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