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Hwang SH, Kim JH, Wang Z, Lee JY, Lim SS. Analytical Method for the Validation of Three Polyphenols as a Marker Compound for the Standardization of Solidago virgaurea subsp. gigantea Extracts and Antiadipogenesis of Harvesting Time and Location. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2017; 2017:3047408. [PMID: 28819580 PMCID: PMC5551537 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3047408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid (PC), chlorogenic acid (CA), and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (K-O-R), isolated from the Solidago virgaurea subsp. gigantea (SV) extract, were quickly and efficiently separated using HPLC. Our chromatographic method was found to effectively separate PC, CA, and K-O-R at retention times of 5.36, 8.22, and 17.04 min, respectively. Linearity of PC, CA, and K-O-R was found to be in the range of 4.85-485.00, 47.5-1900.00, and 8.50-850.00 μg/ml. Recoveries ranged between 101.32 and 103.30%, 95.82 and 100.25%, and 96.18 and 99.37%, for PC, CA, and K-O-R, respectively. The antiadipogenesis activity of SV extracts collected from five different months and from seven different regions was evaluated using an Oil Red O staining assay in 3T3-L1 cells. Extract from SV collected in April from the Ulleung Island produced over 106.89% inhibition of adipogenesis without cytotoxicity at 50 μg/ml. This extract had a high amount of PC and K-O-R. The developed HPLC method was found to be fast, accurate, precise, and reproducible and could be applied to qualitative and quantitative analysis of three bioactive compounds in SV extracts. The SV extract collected in April from Ulleung Island can be used as a functional food ingredient preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hwan Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Lee
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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Zheng X, Renslow RS, Makola MM, Webb IK, Deng L, Thomas DG, Govind N, Ibrahim YM, Kabanda MM, Dubery IA, Heyman HM, Smith RD, Madala NE, Baker ES. Structural Elucidation of cis/trans Dicaffeoylquinic Acid Photoisomerization Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:1381-1388. [PMID: 28267339 PMCID: PMC5627994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b03015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the recently uncovered health benefits and anti-HIV activities of dicaffeoylquinic acids (diCQAs), understanding their structures and functions is of great interest for drug discovery efforts. DiCQAs are analytically challenging to identify and quantify since they commonly exist as a diverse mixture of positional and geometric (cis/trans) isomers. In this work, we utilized ion mobility spectrometry coupled with mass spectrometry to separate the various isomers before and after UV irradiation. The experimental collision cross sections were then compared with theoretical structures to differentiate and identify the diCQA isomers. Our analyses found that naturally the diCQAs existed predominantly as trans/trans isomers, but after 3 h of UV irradiation, cis/cis, cis/trans, trans/cis, and trans/trans isomers were all present in the mixture. This is the first report of successful differentiation of cis/trans diCQA isomers individually, which shows the great promise of IMS coupled with theoretical calculations for determining the structure and activity relationships of different isomers in drug discovery studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Zheng
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ryan S. Renslow
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mpho M. Makola
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Ian K. Webb
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Liulin Deng
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Dennis G. Thomas
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yehia M. Ibrahim
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mwadham M. Kabanda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Science and Technology, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, School of Mathematical and Physical Science, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X 2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Ian A. Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Heino M. Heyman
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Richard D. Smith
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ntakadzeni E. Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
- Corresponding Authors: (E.S.B) Address: 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-98 Richland, WA 99352. Phone: 509-371-6219; . (N.E.M.) Address: P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa. Phone: +27115594573;
| | - Erin S. Baker
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
- Corresponding Authors: (E.S.B) Address: 902 Battelle Blvd., P.O. Box 999, MSIN K8-98 Richland, WA 99352. Phone: 509-371-6219; . (N.E.M.) Address: P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa. Phone: +27115594573;
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