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Knockdown of ELMO3 Suppresses Growth, Invasion and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122119. [PMID: 27999268 PMCID: PMC5187919 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The engulfment and cell motility (ELMOs) family of proteins plays a crucial role in tumor cell migration and invasion. However, the function of ELMO3 is poorly defined. To elucidate its role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), we examined the expression of ELMO3 in 45 cases of paired CRC tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of the knockdown of ELMO3 on cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion and F-actin polymerization in HCT116 cells. The result shows that the expression of ELMO3 in CRC tissues was significantly increased in comparison to the adjacent normal colorectal tissues. Moreover, this overexpression was associated with tumor size (p = 0.007), tumor differentiation (p = 0.001), depth of invasion (p = 0.009), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.003), distant metastasis (p = 0.013) and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM)-based classification (p = 0.000). In in vitro experiments, the silencing of ELMO3 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and F-actin polymerization, and induced Gap 1 (G1) phase cell cycle arrest. Our study demonstrates that ELMO3 is involved in the processes of growth, invasion and metastasis of CRC, and could be used a potential molecular diagnostic tool or therapy target of CRC.
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Fajol A, Honisch S, Zhang B, Schmidt S, Alkahtani S, Alarifi S, Lang F, Stournaras C, Föller M. Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) 23 gene transcription depends on actin cytoskeleton reorganization. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:705-15. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abul Fajol
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Germany
| | - Sabina Honisch
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Germany
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Germany
| | | | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology; Science College; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology; Science College; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Germany
| | - Christos Stournaras
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Germany
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Crete Medical School; Heraklion Greece
| | - Michael Föller
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences; Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle (Saale) Germany
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Xu C, Liu Y, Xiao L, Guo C, Deng S, Zheng S, Zeng E. The involvement of anterior gradient 2 in the stromal cell-derived factor 1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of glioblastoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6091-7. [PMID: 26608373 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4481-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has been widely identified that the stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) were implicated in the development of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of cancers. However, the involvement of SDF-1-AGR2 pathway in the EMT of glioblastoma has not been investigated. In the present study, the in vitro assays were used to investigate the role of AGR2 in cell cycle, migration, and invasion. We found that the expressions of AGR2 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) were obviously upregulated in glioblastoma cells T98G, A172, U87, and U251 than those in normal human astrocytes (NHA) (all p < 0.01), among which both U87 and U251 cells presented the highest expression (p > 0.05). Western blot revealed that SDF-1 induced the expression of p-AKT, AGR2, and EMT markers (N-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), and Slug) in a dose-dependent manner in U87 and U251 cells. However, the depletion of AGR2 reversed SDF-1-induced upregulation of EMT markers rather than p-AKT. Furthermore, functional analysis identified that knockdown of AGR2 induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and suppressed the migration and invasion of U87 and U251 cells. Taken together, SDF-1-CXCR4 pathway induced the expression of AGR2 to control the progression of EMT likely via AKT pathway in the development of glioblastoma. Our findings lay a promising foundation for the SDF-1-AGR2 axis-targeting therapy in patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Limin Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Changgui Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Shengze Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Suyue Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Erming Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Kast RE. Erlotinib augmentation with dapsone for rash mitigation and increased anti-cancer effectiveness. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:638. [PMID: 26543772 PMCID: PMC4628020 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib has failed in many ways to be as potent in the anti-cancer role as pre-clinical studies would have suggested. This paper traces some aspects of this failure to a compensatory erlotinib-mediated increase in interleukin-8. Many other-but not all- cancer chemotherapeutic cytotoxic drugs also provoke a compensatory increase in a malignant clone's interleukin-8 synthesis. Untreated glioblastoma and other cancer cells themselves natively synthesize interleukin-8. Interleukin-8 has tumor growth promoting, mobility and metastasis formation enhancing, effects as well as pro-angiogenesis effects. FINDINGS The old sulfone antibiotic dapsone- one of the very first antibiotics in clinical use- has demonstrated several interleukin-8 system inhibiting actions. Review of these indicates dapsone has potential to augment erlotinib effectiveness. Erlotinib typically gives a rash that has recently been proven to come about via an erlotinib triggered up-regulated keratinocyte interleukin-8 synthesis. The erlotinib rash shares histological features reminiscent of typical neutrophilic dermatoses. Dapsone has an established therapeutic role in current treatment of other neutrophilic dermatoses. CONCLUSION Thus, dapsone has potential to both improve the quality of life in erlotinib treated patients by amelioration of rash as well as to short-circuit a growth-enhancing aspect of erlotinib when used in the anti-cancer role.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Kast
- IIAIGC Study Center, 22 Church Street, Burlington, VT 05401 USA
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