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Liu H, Zou M, Li P, Wang H, Lin X, Ye J. Oxymatrine‑mediated maturation of dendritic cells leads to activation of FOXP3+/CD4+ Treg cells and reversal of cisplatin‑resistance in lung cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4081-4090. [PMID: 30896871 PMCID: PMC6471056 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dendritic cell (DC)‑regulatory T (Treg) system serves a leading role in the immunosuppression of the tumor microenvironment, which is not conducive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment for lung cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on the DC‑Treg system in the tumor microenvironment in vitro and to examine its mechanism. The expressions of CD83 antigen, T‑lymphocyte activation antigen CD86, CD11 antigen‑like family member C and major histocompatibility complex II in DCs were increased upon treatment with 1 mg/ml OMT, as detected by flow cytometry. Following pretreatment with OMT, the DCs mediated the forkhead box protein P3 overexpression in primitive cluster of differentiation 4+ T cells at the protein and mRNA expression levels. The expression levels of anti‑inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)‑10, tumor growth factor‑β, IL‑35, and pro‑inflammatory cytokines, including interferon‑γ, IL‑12 and IL‑2, in the co‑culture supernatant were increased as measured by ELISA. When DCs and DC‑Tregs were co‑cultured with cisplatin‑resistant A549 cells, the proportion of apoptosis in the co‑culture groups was increased under treatment with cisplatin, which was detected by Annexin V/propidium Iodide staining and western blotting. The present results suggested that OMT may promote the maturation of DCs, mediate the differentiation of T cells into Treg cells, and reverse the resistance of tumor cells to cisplatin in vitro. It was suggested that OMT is an important adjunct to chemotherapy through the regulation of antitumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 501630, P.R. China
| | - Manman Zou
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 501630, P.R. China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 501630, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 501630, P.R. China
| | - Xijun Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 501630, P.R. China
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 501630, P.R. China
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52
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Natural modulators of the hallmarks of immunogenic cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 162:55-70. [PMID: 30615863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds act as immunoadjuvants as their therapeutic effects trigger cancer stress response and release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). These reactions occur through an increase in the immunogenicity of cancer cells that undergo stress followed by immunogenic cell death (ICD). These processes result in a chemotherapeutic response with a potent immune-mediating reaction. Natural compounds that induce ICD may function as an interesting approach in converting cancer into its own vaccine. However, multiple parameters determine whether a compound can act as an ICD inducer, including the nature of the inducer, the premortem stress pathways, the cell death pathways, the intrinsic antigenicity of the cell, and the potency and availability of an immune cell response. Thus, the identification of hallmarks of ICD is important in determining the prognostic biomarkers for new therapeutic approaches and combination treatments.
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53
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Qin J, Kunda NM, Qiao G, Tulla K, Prabhakar BS, Maker AV. Vaccination With Mitoxantrone-Treated Primary Colon Cancer Cells Enhances Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Clinical Responses in Colorectal Liver Metastases. J Surg Res 2019; 233:57-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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54
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Grabosch S, Bulatovic M, Zeng F, Ma T, Zhang L, Ross M, Brozick J, Fang Y, Tseng G, Kim E, Gambotto A, Elishaev E, P Edwards R, Vlad AM. Cisplatin-induced immune modulation in ovarian cancer mouse models with distinct inflammation profiles. Oncogene 2018; 38:2380-2393. [PMID: 30518877 PMCID: PMC6440870 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The backbone of ovarian cancer treatment is platinum-based chemotherapy and aggressive surgical debulking. New therapeutic approaches using immunotherapy via immune checkpoint blockade, which have demonstrated clinical efficacy in other tumor types, have been less promising in ovarian cancer. To increase their clinical efficacy, checkpoint inhibitors are now being tested in clinical trials in combination with chemotherapy. Here, we evaluated the impact of cisplatin on tumor immunogenicity and its in vivo roles when used alone or in combination with anti-PD-L1, in two novel murine ovarian cancer cell models. The 2F8 and its platinum-resistant derivative 2F8cis model, display distinct inflammatory profiles and chemotherapy sensitivities, and mirror the primary and recurrent human disease, respectively. Acute and chronic exposure to cisplatin enhances tumor immunogenicity by increasing calreticulin, MHC class I, antigen presentation and T-cell infiltration. Cisplatin also upregulates PD-L1 expression in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating a dual, paradoxical immune modulatory effect and supporting the rationale for combination with immune checkpoint blockade. One of the pathways activated by cisplatin treatment is the cGAS/STING pathway. Chronic cisplatin treatment led to upregulation of cGAS and STING proteins in 2F8cis compared to parental 2F8 cells, while acute exposure to cisplatin further increases cGAS and STING levels in both 2F8 and 2F8cis cells. Overexpression of cGAS/STING modifies tumor immunogenicity by upregulating PD-L1, MHC I and calreticulin in tumor cells. Anti-PD-L1 alone in a platinum-sensitive model or with cisplatin in a platinum-resistant model increases survival. These studies have high translational potential in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Grabosch
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Magee Womens Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mirna Bulatovic
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Feitianzhi Zeng
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhou Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Pittsburgh, MD, USA
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Malcolm Ross
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Magee Womens Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joan Brozick
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - YuSi Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eun Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrea Gambotto
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Esther Elishaev
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert P Edwards
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Magee Womens Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anda M Vlad
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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55
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Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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56
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Krombach J, Hennel R, Brix N, Orth M, Schoetz U, Ernst A, Schuster J, Zuchtriegel G, Reichel CA, Bierschenk S, Sperandio M, Vogl T, Unkel S, Belka C, Lauber K. Priming anti-tumor immunity by radiotherapy: Dying tumor cell-derived DAMPs trigger endothelial cell activation and recruitment of myeloid cells. Oncoimmunology 2018; 8:e1523097. [PMID: 30546963 PMCID: PMC6287777 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1523097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The major goal of radiotherapy is the induction of tumor cell death. Additionally, radiotherapy can function as in situ cancer vaccination by exposing tumor antigens and providing adjuvants for anti-tumor immune priming. In this regard, the mode of tumor cell death and the repertoire of released damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are crucial. However, optimal dosing and fractionation of radiotherapy remain controversial. Here, we examined the initial steps of anti-tumor immune priming by different radiation regimens (20 Gy, 4 × 2 Gy, 2 Gy, 0 Gy) with cell lines of triple-negative breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Previously, we have shown that especially high single doses (20 Gy) induce a delayed type of primary necrosis with characteristics of mitotic catastrophe and plasma membrane disintegration. Now, we provide evidence that protein DAMPs released by these dying cells stimulate sequential recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes in vivo. Key players in this regard appear to be endothelial cells revealing a distinct state of activation upon exposure to supernatants of irradiated tumor cells as characterized by high surface expression of adhesion molecules and production of a discrete cytokine/chemokine pattern. Furthermore, irradiated tumor cell-derived protein DAMPs enforced differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells as hallmarked by upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules and improved T cell-priming. Consistently, a recurring pattern was observed: The strongest effects were detected with 20 Gy-irradiated cells. Obviously, the initial steps of radiotherapy-induced anti-tumor immune priming are preferentially triggered by high single doses – at least in models of triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krombach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Hennel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikko Brix
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Orth
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schoetz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Philipps-University Marburg, University Hospital Gießen and Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anne Ernst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jessica Schuster
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Zuchtriegel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,Translational research in haematology/oncology, Institute of Experimental Infectious Diseases and Cancer Research, Division of the University Children's Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph A Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Bierschenk
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of Immunology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Steffen Unkel
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kirsten Lauber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Group 'Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer' Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
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57
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Sarhan M, Land WG, Tonnus W, Hugo CP, Linkermann A. Origin and Consequences of Necroinflammation. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:727-780. [PMID: 29465288 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
When cells undergo necrotic cell death in either physiological or pathophysiological settings in vivo, they release highly immunogenic intracellular molecules and organelles into the interstitium and thereby represent the strongest known trigger of the immune system. With our increasing understanding of necrosis as a regulated and genetically determined process (RN, regulated necrosis), necrosis and necroinflammation can be pharmacologically prevented. This review discusses our current knowledge about signaling pathways of necrotic cell death as the origin of necroinflammation. Multiple pathways of RN such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis have been evolutionary conserved most likely because of their differences in immunogenicity. As the consequence of necrosis, however, all necrotic cells release damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that have been extensively investigated over the last two decades. Analysis of necroinflammation allows characterizing specific signatures for each particular pathway of cell death. While all RN-pathways share the release of DAMPs in general, most of them actively regulate the immune system by the additional expression and/or maturation of either pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. In addition, DAMPs have been demonstrated to modulate the process of regeneration. For the purpose of better understanding of necroinflammation, we introduce a novel classification of DAMPs in this review to help detect the relative contribution of each RN-pathway to certain physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Sarhan
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Walter G Land
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Wulf Tonnus
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Christian P Hugo
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine III, Medical University Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; INSERM UMR_S 1109, Laboratory of Excellence Transplantex, University of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France ; German Academy of Transplantation Medicine, Munich , Germany ; and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
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58
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Pol JG, Lévesque S, Workenhe ST, Gujar S, Le Boeuf F, Clements DR, Fahrner JE, Fend L, Bell JC, Mossman KL, Fucikova J, Spisek R, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial Watch: Oncolytic viro-immunotherapy of hematologic and solid tumors. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1503032. [PMID: 30524901 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1503032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses selectively target and kill cancer cells in an immunogenic fashion, thus supporting the establishment of therapeutically relevant tumor-specific immune responses. In 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the oncolytic herpes simplex virus T-VEC for use in advanced melanoma patients. Since then, a plethora of trials has been initiated to assess the safety and efficacy of multiple oncolytic viruses in patients affected with various malignancies. Here, we summarize recent preclinical and clinical progress in the field of oncolytic virotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Pol
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Lévesque
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
| | - Samuel T Workenhe
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, NS, Canada.,Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, NS, Canada.,Centre for Innovative and Collaborative Health Sciences Research, Quality and System Performance, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Fabrice Le Boeuf
- Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Derek R Clements
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean-Eudes Fahrner
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, Villejuif, France.,Transgene S.A., Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | | | - John C Bell
- Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Karen L Mossman
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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59
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Collin M, Bigley V. Human dendritic cell subsets: an update. Immunology 2018; 154:3-20. [PMID: 29313948 PMCID: PMC5904714 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 771] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are a class of bone-marrow-derived cells arising from lympho-myeloid haematopoiesis that form an essential interface between the innate sensing of pathogens and the activation of adaptive immunity. This task requires a wide range of mechanisms and responses, which are divided between three major DC subsets: plasmacytoid DC (pDC), myeloid/conventional DC1 (cDC1) and myeloid/conventional DC2 (cDC2). Each DC subset develops under the control of a specific repertoire of transcription factors involving differential levels of IRF8 and IRF4 in collaboration with PU.1, ID2, E2-2, ZEB2, KLF4, IKZF1 and BATF3. DC haematopoiesis is conserved between mammalian species and is distinct from monocyte development. Although monocytes can differentiate into DC, especially during inflammation, most quiescent tissues contain significant resident populations of DC lineage cells. An extended range of surface markers facilitates the identification of specific DC subsets although it remains difficult to dissociate cDC2 from monocyte-derived DC in some settings. Recent studies based on an increasing level of resolution of phenotype and gene expression have identified pre-DC in human blood and heterogeneity among cDC2. These advances facilitate the integration of mouse and human immunology, support efforts to unravel human DC function in vivo and continue to present new translational opportunities to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Collin
- Human Dendritic Cell LabInstitute of Cellular Medicine and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Venetia Bigley
- Human Dendritic Cell LabInstitute of Cellular Medicine and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
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60
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Kopecka J, Salaroglio IC, Righi L, Libener R, Orecchia S, Grosso F, Milosevic V, Ananthanarayanan P, Ricci L, Capelletto E, Pradotto M, Napoli F, Di Maio M, Novello S, Rubinstein M, Scagliotti GV, Riganti C. Loss of C/EBP-β LIP drives cisplatin resistance in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Lung Cancer 2018; 120:34-45. [PMID: 29748013 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is moderately active in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) due to intrinsic drug resistance and to low immunogenicity of MPM cells. CAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)-β LIP is a pro-apoptotic and chemosensitizing transcription factor activated in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS We investigated if LIP levels can predict the clinical response to cisplatin and survival of MPM patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy. We studied the LIP-dependent mechanisms determining cisplatin-resistance and we identified pharmacological approaches targeting LIP, able to restore cisplatin sensitiveness, in patient-derived MPM cells and animal models. Results were analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance test. RESULTS We found that LIP was degraded by constitutive ubiquitination in primary MPM cells derived from patients poorly responsive to cisplatin. LIP ubiquitination was directly correlated with cisplatin chemosensitivity and was associated with patients' survival after chemotherapy. Overexpression of LIP restored cisplatin's pro-apoptotic effect by activating CHOP/TRB3/caspase 3 axis and up-regulating calreticulin, that triggered MPM cell phagocytosis by dendritic cells and expanded autologous anti-tumor CD8+CD107+T-cytotoxic lymphocytes. Proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib and lysosome inhibitor chloroquine prevented LIP degradation. The triple combination of carfilzomib, chloroquine and cisplatin increased ER stress-triggered apoptosis and immunogenic cell death in patients' samples, and reduced tumor growth in cisplatin-resistant MPM preclinical models. CONCLUSION The loss of LIP mediates cisplatin resistance, rendering LIP a possible predictor of cisplatin response in MPM patients. The association of proteasome and lysosome inhibitors reverses cisplatin resistance by restoring LIP levels and may represent a new adjuvant strategy in MPM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Iris C Salaroglio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Luisella Righi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Roberta Libener
- Pathology Division, S. Antonio and Biagio Hospital, Spalto Marengo, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Sara Orecchia
- Pathology Division, S. Antonio and Biagio Hospital, Spalto Marengo, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Federica Grosso
- Oncology Division, S. Antonio and Biagio Hospital, Spalto Marengo, 15121, Alessandria, Italy.
| | - Vladan Milosevic
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Luisa Ricci
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
| | - Enrica Capelletto
- Thoracic Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Monica Pradotto
- Thoracic Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Francesca Napoli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Massimo Di Maio
- Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at Mauriziano Hospital, Largo Filippo Turati 62, 10128, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Silvia Novello
- Thoracic Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Menachem Rubinstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl Street 234, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Giorgio V Scagliotti
- Thoracic Unit and Medical Oncology Division, Department of Oncology at San Luigi Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, University of Torino, Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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61
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Montico B, Nigro A, Casolaro V, Dal Col J. Immunogenic Apoptosis as a Novel Tool for Anticancer Vaccine Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020594. [PMID: 29462947 PMCID: PMC5855816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic apoptosis, or more appropriately called immunogenic cell death (ICD), is a recently described form of apoptosis induced by a specific set of chemotherapeutic drugs or by physical therapeutic modalities, such as ionizing irradiation and photodynamic therapy. The peculiar characteristic of ICD is the ability to favor recognition and elimination of dying tumor cells by phagocytes in association with the release of pro-inflammatory molecules (such as cytokines and high-mobility group box-1). While in vitro and animal models pointed to ICD as one of the molecular mechanisms mediating the clinical efficacy of some anticancer agents, it is hard to clearly demonstrate its contribution in cancer patients. Clinical evidence suggests that the induction of ICD alone is possibly not sufficient to fully subvert the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, interesting results from recent studies contemplate the exploitation of ICD for improving the immunogenicity of cancer cells to use them as an antigen cargo in the development of dendritic cell (DC) vaccines. Herein, we discuss the effects of danger signals expressed or released by cancer cells undergoing ICD on the maturation and activation of immature and mature DC, highlighting the potential added value of ICD in adoptive immunotherapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Montico
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Department of Translational Research, Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy.
| | - Annunziata Nigro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy.
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy.
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62
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Kiss M, Van Gassen S, Movahedi K, Saeys Y, Laoui D. Myeloid cell heterogeneity in cancer: not a single cell alike. Cell Immunol 2018; 330:188-201. [PMID: 29482836 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumors of various histological origins show abundant infiltration of myeloid cells from early stages of disease progression. These cells have a profound impact on antitumor immunity and influence fundamental processes that underlie malignancy, including neoangiogenesis, sustained cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and therapy resistance. For these reasons, development of therapeutic approaches to deplete or reprogram myeloid cells in cancer is an emerging field of interest. However, knowledge about the heterogeneity of myeloid cells in tumors and their variability between patients and disease stages is still limited. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in our understanding about how the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and dendritic cells is dictated by their ontogeny, activation status and localization. We also outline major open questions that will only be resolved by applying high-dimensional single-cell technologies and systems biology approaches in the analysis of the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mate Kiss
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sofie Van Gassen
- IDLab, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University - IMEC, Ghent, Belgium; Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kiavash Movahedi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modeling for Biomedicine, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Damya Laoui
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Brussels, Belgium.
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63
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Garg AD, More S, Rufo N, Mece O, Sassano ML, Agostinis P, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Immunogenic cell death induction by anticancer chemotherapeutics. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1386829. [PMID: 29209573 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1386829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression "immunogenic cell death" (ICD) refers to a functionally unique form of cell death that facilitates (instead of suppressing) a T cell-dependent immune response specific for dead cell-derived antigens. ICD critically relies on the activation of adaptive responses in dying cells, culminating with the exposure or secretion of immunostimulatory molecules commonly referred to as "damage-associated molecular patterns". Only a few agents can elicit bona fide ICD, including some clinically established chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone, bleomycin, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and oxaliplatin. In this Trial Watch, we discuss recent progress on the development of ICD-inducing chemotherapeutic regimens, focusing on studies that evaluate clinical efficacy in conjunction with immunological biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sanket More
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Rufo
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Odeta Mece
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Livia Sassano
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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64
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Sakakibara K, Sato T, Kufe DW, VonHoff DD, Kawabe T. CBP501 induces immunogenic tumor cell death and CD8 T cell infiltration into tumors in combination with platinum, and increases the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors against tumors in mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:78277-78288. [PMID: 29108228 PMCID: PMC5663279 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CBP501, a calmodulin-binding peptide, is an anti-cancer drug candidate and functions as an enhancer of platinum uptake into cancer cells. Here we show that CBP501 promotes immunogenic cell death (ICD) in combination with platinum agents. CBP501 enhanced a clinically relevant low dose of cisplatin (CDDP) in vitro as evidenced by upregulation of ICD markers, including cell surface calreticulin exposure and release of high-mobility group protein box-1. Synergistic induction of ICD by CDDP plus CBP501 as compared to CDDP alone was confirmed in the well-established vaccination assay. Furthermore, cotreatment of CDDP plus CBP501 significantly reduced the tumor growth and upregulated the percentage of tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cell in vivo. Importantly, the antitumor effect of CDDP plus CBP501 was significantly reduced by anti-CD8 antibody treatment. Based on this novel effect of CBP501, we analyzed the combination treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors in vivo. Mice treated with CBP501 in combination with CDDP and anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 showed an additive antitumor effect. These results support the conclusion that CBP501 enhances CDDP-induced ICD in vitro and in vivo. The findings also support the further clinical development of the CBP501 for enhancing the antitumor activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel D VonHoff
- Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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65
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Vanpouille-Box C, Lhuillier C, Bezu L, Aranda F, Yamazaki T, Kepp O, Fucikova J, Spisek R, Demaria S, Formenti SC, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Immune checkpoint blockers for cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1373237. [PMID: 29147629 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1373237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) are literally revolutionizing the clinical management of an ever more diversified panel of oncological indications. Although considerable attention persists around the inhibition of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) and programmed cell death 1 (PDCD1, best known as PD-1) signaling, several other co-inhibitory T-cell receptors are being evaluated as potential targets for the development of novel ICBs. Moreover, substantial efforts are being devoted to the identification of biomarkers that reliably predict the likelihood of each patient to obtain clinical benefits from ICBs in the absence of severe toxicity. Tailoring the delivery of specific ICBs or combinations thereof to selected patient populations in the context of precision medicine programs constitutes indeed a major objective of the future of ICB-based immunotherapy. Here, we discuss recent preclinical and clinical advances on the development of ICBs for oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claire Lhuillier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lucillia Bezu
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Immunoreceptors of the Innate and Adaptive System Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Takahiro Yamazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic.,Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic.,Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia C Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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66
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Garg AD, Vara Perez M, Schaaf M, Agostinis P, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Dendritic cell-based anticancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1328341. [PMID: 28811970 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1328341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines against cancer have been extensively developed over the past two decades. Typically DC-based cancer immunotherapy entails loading patient-derived DCs with an appropriate source of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and efficient DC stimulation through a so-called "maturation cocktail" (typically a combination of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptor agonists), followed by DC reintroduction into patients. DC vaccines have been documented to (re)activate tumor-specific T cells in both preclinical and clinical settings. There is considerable clinical interest in combining DC-based anticancer vaccines with T cell-targeting immunotherapies. This reflects the established capacity of DC-based vaccines to generate a pool of TAA-specific effector T cells and facilitate their infiltration into the tumor bed. In this Trial Watch, we survey the latest trends in the preclinical and clinical development of DC-based anticancer therapeutics. We also highlight how the emergence of immune checkpoint blockers and adoptive T-cell transfer-based approaches has modified the clinical niche for DC-based vaccines within the wide cancer immunotherapy landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Monica Vara Perez
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marco Schaaf
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Lab, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France.,Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM, U1138, Paris, France.,Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pôle de Biologie, Hopitâl Européen George Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Paris, France.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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67
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3D Microfluidic model for evaluating immunotherapy efficacy by tracking dendritic cell behaviour toward tumor cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1093. [PMID: 28439087 PMCID: PMC5430848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy efficacy relies on the crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment between cancer and dendritic cells (DCs) resulting in the induction of a potent and effective antitumor response. DCs have the specific role of recognizing cancer cells, taking up tumor antigens (Ags) and then migrating to lymph nodes for Ag (cross)-presentation to naïve T cells. Interferon-α-conditioned DCs (IFN-DCs) exhibit marked phagocytic activity and the special ability of inducing Ag-specific T-cell response. Here, we have developed a novel microfluidic platform recreating tightly interconnected cancer and immune systems with specific 3D environmental properties, for tracking human DC behaviour toward tumor cells. By combining our microfluidic platform with advanced microscopy and a revised cell tracking analysis algorithm, it was possible to evaluate the guided efficient motion of IFN-DCs toward drug-treated cancer cells and the succeeding phagocytosis events. Overall, this platform allowed the dissection of IFN-DC-cancer cell interactions within 3D tumor spaces, with the discovery of major underlying factors such as CXCR4 involvement and underscored its potential as an innovative tool to assess the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches.
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68
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Saavedra D, Crombet T. CIMAvax-EGF: A New Therapeutic Vaccine for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Front Immunol 2017; 8:269. [PMID: 28348561 PMCID: PMC5346887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the common fatal illness with the highest incidence and mortality globally. Epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression by tumor cells is associated with uncontrolled proliferation, angiogenesis, anti-apoptotic signals, metastization, and invasiveness. CIMAvax-EGF vaccine consists of a chemical conjugate of the EGF with the P64 protein derived from the Meningitis B bacteria and Montanide ISA 51, as adjuvant. The vaccine is projected to induce antibodies against EGF that results in EGF withdrawal. CIMAvax-EGF demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The efficacy study was an open-label, multicentric Phase III clinical trial, which enrolled 405 advanced NSCLC patients. Patients with proven stage IIIB/IV NSCLC, who had completed four to six cycles of chemotherapy (CTP) were randomized to receive CIMAvax-EGF or best supportive care. CIMAvax-EGF resulted in a significantly larger overall survival in patients receiving at least four doses. High EGF concentration at baseline was a good predictive biomarker of the vaccine activity and a poor prognostic biomarker for the non-treated population. The proportion of CD8+CD28- cells, CD4 cells, and the CD4/CD8 ratio after first-line CTP was also associated with CIMAvax-EGF clinical benefit. After completing the Phase III, a Phase IV trial was done where the vaccine was administered in primary care units. Administering the vaccine at primary care institutions granted better access and treatment compliance. Safety was confirmed. Several clinical trials are currently ongoing to validate EGF as a predictive biomarker of CIMAvax-EGF efficacy.
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