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Golden-Mason L, Palmer BE, Kassam N, Townshend-Bulson L, Livingston S, McMahon BJ, Castelblanco N, Kuchroo V, Gretch DR, Rosen HR. Negative immune regulator Tim-3 is overexpressed on T cells in hepatitis C virus infection and its blockade rescues dysfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. J Virol 2009; 83:9122-30. [PMID: 19587053 PMCID: PMC2738247 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00639-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 371] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of emerging molecules and pathways have been implicated in mediating the T-cell exhaustion characteristic of chronic viral infection. Not all dysfunctional T cells express PD-1, nor are they all rescued by blockade of the PD-1/PD-1 ligand pathway. In this study, we characterize the expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) in chronic hepatitis C infection. For the first time, we found that Tim-3 expression is increased on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The proportion of dually PD-1/Tim-3-expressing cells is greatest in liver-resident T cells, significantly more so in HCV-specific than in cytomegalovirus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Tim-3 expression correlates with a dysfunctional and senescent phenotype (CD127(low) CD57(high)), a central rather than effector memory profile (CD45RA(negative) CCR7(high)), and reduced Th1/Tc1 cytokine production. We also demonstrate the ability to enhance T-cell proliferation and gamma interferon production in response to HCV-specific antigens by blocking the Tim-3-Tim-3 ligand interaction. These findings have implications for the development of novel immunotherapeutic approaches to this common viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Golden-Mason
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brent E. Palmer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nasim Kassam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lisa Townshend-Bulson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen Livingston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Brian J. McMahon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Nicole Castelblanco
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Vijay Kuchroo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - David R. Gretch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Hugo R. Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, and Denver VA Center, Denver, Colorado, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and National Jewish Hospital, Denver, Colorado, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium; Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, Arctic Investigations Program, Division of Emerging Infections and Surveillance Services, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, Division of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Corresponding author. Mailing address: GI and Hepatology Division, B-158, Academic Office Building 1, 12631 East 17th Avenue, Room 7614, P.O. Box 6511, Aurora, CO 80045. Phone: (303) 724-1858. Fax: (303) 724-1891. E-mail:
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