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Chen JN, Wei CW, Liu HC, Chen SY, Chen C, Juang YM, Lai CC, Yiang GT. Extracts containing CLPs of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JN68 isolated from chicken intestines exert antimicrobial effects, particularly on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5155-5163. [PMID: 27840979 PMCID: PMC5355721 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens JN68, which has been discussed with regards to its antimicrobial activities, was successfully isolated from healthy chicken intestines in the present study. Using the spot-on-the-lawn antagonism method, the preliminary study indicated that a suspension culture of the B. amyloliquefaciens JN68 strain can inhibit the growth of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium pinophilum. Furthermore, the cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) produced by the B. amyloliquefaciens JN68 strain were further purified through acid precipitation and Bond Elut®C18 chromatography, and their structures were identified using the liquid chromatography‑electrospray ionization‑mass spectrometry (MS)/MS method. Purified CLPs exerted broad spectrum antimicrobial activities on various pathogenic and foodborne bacteria and fungi, as determined using the agar well diffusion method. Listeria monocytogenes can induce listeriosis, which is associated with a high mortality rate. Methicillin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogenic bacteria that causes nosocomial infections. Therefore, L. monocytogenes and MRSA are currently of great concern. The present study aimed to determine whether B. amyloliquefaciens JN68 extracts could inhibit L. monocytogenes and MRSA. The results indicated that extracts of B. amyloliquefaciens JN68 have CLP components, and can successfully inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes and MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Ni Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Master Program of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chyou-Wei Wei
- Department of Nutrition, Master Program of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsiao-Chun Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Master Program of Biomedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Ying Chen
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chinshuh Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Min Juang
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Chen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Giou-Teng Yiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan, R.O.C
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52
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Bertrand S, Ceyssens PJ, Yde M, Dierick K, Boyen F, Vanderpas J, Vanhoof R, Mattheus W. Diversity of Listeria monocytogenes Strains of Clinical and Food Chain Origins in Belgium between 1985 and 2014. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164283. [PMID: 27723768 PMCID: PMC5056710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeriosis is a rare but severe disease, mainly caused by Listeria monocytogenes. This study shows the results of the laboratory-based surveillance of Listeriosis in Belgium over the period 1985-2014. Besides the incidence and some demographic data we present also more detailed microbiological and molecular characteristics of human strains isolated since 2000. The strains from the latter period were compared to food and animal strains from the same period. Our study shows that different food matrices were commonly contaminated with L. monocytogenes presenting the same PFGE profile as in patient's isolates. Since 1985, we observed a significant decrease in incidence of the Materno-Neonatal cases (from 0.15 to 0.04 cases /100,000 inhabitants-year), which is probably to be attributed to active prevention campaigns targeting pregnant women. Despite the strengthening of different control measures by the food industry, the incidence of non-Materno-Neonatal listeriosis increased in Belgium (from 0.3 to 0.7 cases /100,000 inhabitants-year), probably due to the rise of highly susceptible patients in an aging population. This significant increase found in non-Materno-Neonatal cases (slope coefficient 7.42%/year, P<0.0001) can be attributed to significant increase in incidence of isolates belonging to serovars 1/2a (n = 393, slope coefficient 6.62%/year, P<0.0001). Although resistance to antimicrobials is rare among L. monocytogenes isolates, a trend to increasing MIC values is evident with chloramphenicol, amoxicillin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. We show that fluoroquinolone resistance is not linked to chromosomal mutations, but caused by a variety of efflux pumps. Our study also shows that huge majority of known underlying pathologies (426 out of 785 cases) were cancers (185/426, 43.1%) and haematological malignancies (75/185, 40.5%). Moreover the risk population is susceptible to low levels of contamination in food stressing the need of prevention campaigns specifically targeting these persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bertrand
- Section of Bacterial Diseases, NRC Listeria, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - P. J. Ceyssens
- Section of Bacterial Diseases, NRC Listeria, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Yde
- Section of Bacterial Diseases, NRC Listeria, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - K. Dierick
- Section of Foodborne Pathogens, NRL Listeria monocytogenes, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F. Boyen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - J. Vanderpas
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R. Vanhoof
- Section of Bacterial Diseases, NRC Listeria, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - W. Mattheus
- Section of Bacterial Diseases, NRC Listeria, Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium
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53
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Gelbíčová T, Pantůček R, Karpíšková R. Virulence factors and resistance to antimicrobials in Listeria monocytogenes
serotype 1/2c isolated from food. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 121:569-76. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Gelbíčová
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno Czech Republic
| | - R. Pantůček
- Department of Experimental Biology; Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
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54
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Awofisayo-Okuyelu A, Verlander NQ, Amar C, Elson R, Grant K, Harris J. Factors influencing the time between onset of illness and specimen collection in the diagnosis of non-pregnancy associated listeriosis in England and Wales. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:311. [PMID: 27341796 PMCID: PMC4919868 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1638-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Listeriosis is an opportunistic bacterial infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes and predominantly affects people who are immunocompromised. Due to its severity and the population at risk, prompt clinical diagnosis and treatment of listeriosis is essential. A major step to making a clinical diagnosis is the collection of the appropriate specimen(s) for testing. This study explores factors that may influence the time between onset of illness and collection of specimen in order to inform clinical policy and develop necessary interventions. Methods Enhanced surveillance data on non-pregnancy associated listeriosis in England and Wales between 2004 and 2013 were collected and analysed. The difference in days between onset of symptoms and collection of specimen was calculated and factors influencing the time difference were identified using a gamma regression model. Results The median number of days between onset of symptoms and collection of specimen was two days with 27.1 % of cases reporting one day between onset of symptoms and collection of specimen and 18.8 % of cases reporting more than seven days before collection of specimen. The median number of days between onset of symptoms and collection of specimen was shorter for cases infected with Listeria monocytogenes serogroup 1/2b (one day) and cases with an underlying condition (one day) compared with cases infected with serotype 4 (two days) and cases without underlying conditions (two days). Conclusions Our study has shown that Listeria monocytogenes serotype and the presence of an underlying condition may influence the time between onset of symptoms and collection of specimen. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1638-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedoyin Awofisayo-Okuyelu
- Gastrointestinal Infections Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK. .,National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Colindale, London, UK.
| | - Neville Q Verlander
- Department of Statistics, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Corinne Amar
- Gastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Richard Elson
- Gastrointestinal Infections Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Kathie Grant
- Gastrointestinal Bacterial Reference Unit, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - John Harris
- Gastrointestinal Infections Department, National Infection Service, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.,National Institute for Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Gastrointestinal Infections, Colindale, London, UK
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55
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Fagerlund A, Langsrud S, Schirmer BCT, Møretrø T, Heir E. Genome Analysis of Listeria monocytogenes Sequence Type 8 Strains Persisting in Salmon and Poultry Processing Environments and Comparison with Related Strains. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151117. [PMID: 26953695 PMCID: PMC4783014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen responsible for the disease listeriosis, and can be found throughout the environment, in many foods and in food processing facilities. The main cause of listeriosis is consumption of food contaminated from sources in food processing environments. Persistence in food processing facilities has previously been shown for the L. monocytogenes sequence type (ST) 8 subtype. In the current study, five ST8 strains were subjected to whole-genome sequencing and compared with five additionally available ST8 genomes, allowing comparison of strains from salmon, poultry and cheese industry, in addition to a human clinical isolate. Genome-wide analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) confirmed that almost identical strains were detected in a Danish salmon processing plant in 1996 and in a Norwegian salmon processing plant in 2001 and 2011. Furthermore, we show that L. monocytogenes ST8 was likely to have been transferred between two poultry processing plants as a result of relocation of processing equipment. The SNP data were used to infer the phylogeny of the ST8 strains, separating them into two main genetic groups. Within each group, the plasmid and prophage content was almost entirely conserved, but between groups, these sequences showed strong divergence. The accessory genome of the ST8 strains harbored genetic elements which could be involved in rendering the ST8 strains resilient to incoming mobile genetic elements. These included two restriction-modification loci, one of which was predicted to show phase variable recognition sequence specificity through site-specific domain shuffling. Analysis indicated that the ST8 strains harbor all important known L. monocytogenes virulence factors, and ST8 strains are commonly identified as the causative agents of invasive listeriosis. Therefore, the persistence of this L. monocytogenes subtype in food processing facilities poses a significant concern for food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Fagerlund
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Solveig Langsrud
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørn C. T. Schirmer
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Trond Møretrø
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Even Heir
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Ås, Norway
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56
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Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from tonsils of slaughtered fattening pigs in Switzerland. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-015-0974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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57
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Tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes to Quaternary Ammonium Sanitizers Is Mediated by a Novel Efflux Pump Encoded by emrE. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 82:939-53. [PMID: 26590290 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03741-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel genomic island (LGI1) was discovered in Listeria monocytogenes isolates responsible for the deadliest listeriosis outbreak in Canada, in 2008. To investigate the functional role of LGI1, the outbreak strain 08-5578 was exposed to food chain-relevant stresses, and the expression of 16 LGI1 genes was measured. LGI1 genes with putative efflux (L. monocytogenes emrE [emrELm]), regulatory (lmo1851), and adhesion (sel1) functions were deleted, and the mutants were exposed to acid (HCl), cold (4°C), salt (10 to 20% NaCl), and quaternary ammonium-based sanitizers (QACs). Deletion of lmo1851 had no effect on the L. monocytogenes stress response, and deletion of sel1 did not influence Caco-2 and HeLa cell adherence/invasion, whereas deletion of emrE resulted in increased susceptibility to QACs (P < 0.05) but had no effect on the MICs of gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, acriflavine, and triclosan. In the presence of the QAC benzalkonium chloride (BAC; 5 μg/ml), 14/16 LGI1 genes were induced, and lmo1861 (putative repressor gene) was constitutively expressed at 4 °C, 37 °C, and 52 °C and in the presence of UV exposure (0 to 30 min). Following 1 h of exposure to BAC (10 μg/ml), upregulation of emrE (49.6-fold), lmo1851 (2.3-fold), lmo1861 (82.4-fold), and sigB (4.1-fold) occurred. Reserpine visibly suppressed the growth of the ΔemrELm strain, indicating that QAC tolerance is due at least partially to efflux activity. These data suggest that a minimal function of LGI1 is to increase the tolerance of L. monocytogenes to QACs via emrELm. Since QACs are commonly used in the food industry, there is a concern that L. monocytogenes strains possessing emrE will have an increased ability to survive this stress and thus to persist in food processing environments.
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58
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Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated during 2011–2014 from different food matrices in Switzerland. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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59
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Foodborne transmission of Listeria monocytogenes via ready-to-eat salad: A nationwide outbreak in Switzerland, 2013–2014. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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60
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Ariza-Miguel J, Fernández-Natal MI, Soriano F, Hernández M, Stessl B, Rodríguez-Lázaro D. Molecular Epidemiology of Invasive Listeriosis due to Listeria monocytogenes in a Spanish Hospital over a Nine-Year Study Period, 2006-2014. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:191409. [PMID: 26539467 PMCID: PMC4619764 DOI: 10.1155/2015/191409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the pathogenicity, invasiveness, and genetic relatedness of 17 clinical Listeria monocytogenes stains isolated over a period of nine years (2006-2014). All isolates were phenotypically characterised and growth patterns were determined. The antimicrobial susceptibility of L. monocytogenes isolates was determined in E-tests. Invasion assays were performed with epithelial HeLa cells. Finally, L. monocytogenes isolates were subtyped by PFGE and MLST. All isolates had similar phenotypic characteristics (β-haemolysis and lecithinase activity), and three types of growth curve were observed. Bacterial recovery rates after invasion assays ranged from 0.09% to 7.26% (1.62 ± 0.46). MLST identified 11 sequence types (STs), and 14 PFGE profiles were obtained, indicating a high degree of genetic diversity. Genetic studies unequivocally revealed the occurrence of one outbreak of listeriosis in humans that had not previously been reported. This outbreak occurred in October 2009 and affected three patients from neighbouring towns. In conclusion, the molecular epidemiological analysis clearly revealed a cluster (three human cases, all ST1) of not previously reported listeriosis cases in northwestern Spain. Our findings indicate that molecular subtyping, in combination with epidemiological case analysis, is essential and should be implemented in routine diagnosis, to improve the tracing of the sources of outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Isabel Fernández-Natal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, León, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | | | - Marta Hernández
- Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Beatrix Stessl
- Institute of Milk Hygiene, Milk Technology and Food Science, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Rodríguez-Lázaro
- Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
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61
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Chen M, Wu Q, Zhang J, Wu S, Guo W. Prevalence, enumeration, and pheno- and genotypic characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from raw foods in South China. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1026. [PMID: 26483765 PMCID: PMC4586447 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen that can cause serious illness in immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, the elderly, and newborns. The aim of this study was to: (i) evaluate the prevalence and contamination level [most probable number (MPN)] of L. monocytogenes in 567 retail raw foods (fishery products, n = 154; raw/fresh meat, n = 123; frozen foods, n = 110; edible fungi, n = 108; vegetables, n = 72) collected from South China and (ii) to gain further knowledge on the phenotype and genotype distributions of this important foodborne pathogen. Approximately 22% of the samples were positive for L. monocytogenes. The contamination levels were between 0.3 and 10 MPN/g in 75.0%, between 10 and 100 MPN/g in 11.0% and less than 100 MPN/g in 14.0% of the countable samples. Five serogroups were identified among the 177 foodborne L. monocytogenes isolates, with 1/2a-3a (42.4%) and 1/2b-3b (26.0%) serogroups being the most dominant. Serogroups I.1 and II.2 were only found in the edible mushrooms, while serogroup III was dominant in the fishery products, suggesting that specific serogroups of L. monocytogenes may have distinct ecological niches. Ten (5.6%) L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. Genetic relatedness analysis revealed the absence of distinct associations between specific food types, antibiotic resistance, serogroups, and genetic diversity. The present study provided the first baseline data on the prevalence, contamination level, and characteristics of L. monocytogenes isolated from raw foods in South China. Some multidrug resistant strains belonged to the epidemiologically important serogroups (I.1 and II.1), implying a potential public health risk. In addition, these findings also provide basic information for the Chinese food safety associated authorities to draft appropriate standards to control L. monocytogenes contamination and improve microbiological safety of raw foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China ; School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China ; School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Guo
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Guangzhou, China
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62
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Schmitz-Esser S, Müller A, Stessl B, Wagner M. Genomes of sequence type 121 Listeria monocytogenes strains harbor highly conserved plasmids and prophages. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:380. [PMID: 25972859 PMCID: PMC4412001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The food-borne pathogen Listeria (L.) monocytogenes is often found in food production environments. Thus, controlling the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in food production is a great challenge for food safety. Among a great diversity of L. monocytogenes strains from food production, particularly strains belonging to sequence type (ST)121 are prevalent. The molecular reasons for the abundance of ST121 strains are however currently unknown. We therefore determined the genome sequences of three L. monocytogenes ST121 strains: 6179 and 4423, which persisted for up to 8 years in food production plants in Ireland and Austria, and of the strain 3253 and compared them with available L. monocytogenes ST121 genomes. Our results show that the ST121 genomes are highly similar to each other and show a tremendously high degree of conservation among some of their prophages and particularly among their plasmids. This remarkably high level of conservation among prophages and plasmids suggests that strong selective pressure is acting on them. We thus hypothesize that plasmids and prophages are providing important adaptations for survival in food production environments. In addition, the ST121 genomes share common adaptations which might be related to their persistence in food production environments such as the presence of Tn6188, a transposon responsible for increased tolerance against quaternary ammonium compounds, a yet undescribed insertion harboring recombination hotspot (RHS) repeat proteins, which are most likely involved in competition against other bacteria, and presence of homologs of the L. innocua genes lin0464 and lin0465.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Schmitz-Esser
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Anneliese Müller
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Beatrix Stessl
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Institute for Milk Hygiene, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna Vienna, Austria
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63
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Obaidat MM, Bani Salman AE, Lafi SQ, Al-Abboodi AR. Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes from three countries and antibiotic resistance differences among countries and Listeria monocytogenes serogroups. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 60:609-14. [PMID: 25808878 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A total of 104 Listeria monocytogenes isolates from 330 fish samples from three countries were characterized by multiplex PCR for serogrouping and virulence markers determination and tested for antibiotics resistance. A 53·8% of the isolates belonged to serogroup 1/2a, 3a; 32% belonged to 1/2b, 3b, 7; 14·4% belonged to 4b, 4d, 4e and 1% belonged to 1/2c, 3c. All isolates exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic but the resistance rates varied among countries. The isolates exhibited high resistance to penicillin, rifampicin, clindamycin, erythromycin and tetracycline, but low resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, gentamicin, chloramphenicol and kanamycin. When comparing countries, the resistance rate for rifampicin, clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid varied among countries. When comparing serogroup, 1/2a, 3a exhibited the highest resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline and vancomycin while serogroup 4b, 4d, 4e exhibited the highest resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. All isolates carried inlA, inlC, inlJ and lmo2672. Listeriolysin S was carried by 42 and 30% of 4b and 1/2b isolates respectively. Significance and impact of the study: This is one of few studies to correlate antibiotic resistance with Listeria monocytogenes serogroups. The study also compared the antibiotic resistance and serogroups of L. monocytogenes isolates from three countries in one single study. The findings of this study will be helpful in improving data on the antibiotics resistance of L. monocytogenes in developing countries and enriches the epidemiological and public health studies of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Obaidat
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - A E Bani Salman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - S Q Lafi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - A R Al-Abboodi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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64
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Dreyer M, Thomann A, Böttcher S, Frey J, Oevermann A. Outbreak investigation identifies a single Listeria monocytogenes strain in sheep with different clinical manifestations, soil and water. Vet Microbiol 2015; 179:69-75. [PMID: 25726302 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Listeria (L.) monocytogenes causes orally acquired infections and is of major importance in ruminants. Little is known about L. monocytogenes transmission between farm environment and ruminants. In order to determine potential sources of infection, we investigated the distribution of L. monocytogenes genetic subtypes in a sheep farm during a listeriosis outbreak by applying four subtyping methods (MALDI-TOF-MS, MLST, MLVA and PFGE). L. monocytogenes was isolated from a lamb with septicemia and from the brainstem of three sheep with encephalitis. Samples from the farm environment were screened for the presence of L. monocytogenes during the listeriosis outbreak, four weeks and eight months after. L. monocytogenes was found only in soil and water tank swabs during the outbreak. Four weeks later, following thorough cleaning of the barn, as well as eight months later, L. monocytogenes was absent in environmental samples. All environmental and clinical L. monocytogenes isolates were found to be the same strain. Our results show that the outbreak involving two different clinical syndromes was caused by a single L. monocytogenes strain and that soil and water tanks were potential infection sources during this outbreak. However, silage cannot be completely ruled out as the bales fed prior to the outbreak were not available for analysis. Faeces samples were negative, suggesting that sheep did not act as amplification hosts contributing to environmental contamination. In conclusion, farm management appears to be a crucial factor for the limitation of a listeriosis outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dreyer
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3001, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - A Thomann
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3001, Switzerland
| | - S Böttcher
- Labor-Zentral, Geuensee, CH-6232, Switzerland
| | - J Frey
- Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3001, Switzerland
| | - A Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3001, Switzerland.
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