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Figurová M, Ledecký V, Karasová M, Hluchý M, Trbolová A, Capík I, Horňák S, Reichel P, Bjordal JM, Gál P. Histological Assessment of a Combined Low-Level Laser/Light-Emitting Diode Therapy (685 nm/470 nm) for Sutured Skin Incisions in a Porcine Model: A Short Report. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 34:53-5. [PMID: 26741109 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to evaluate, from a histological point of view, the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) with combined low-level laser therapy (LLLT)/light- emitting diode (LED) on porcine skin wound healing. BACKGROUND DATA Most LLLT/LED wound healing studies have been performed on various types of rat models, with their inherent limitations. Minipigs are evolutionary and physiologically closer to humans than rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS With the animals under general anesthesia, one full-thickness skin incision was performed on the back of each minipig (n = 10) and immediately closed using simple interrupted percutaneous sutures. The minipigs were randomly allocated into two groups: a PBM-treated group (LLLT λ = 685 nm, LED λ = 470 nm, both light sources producing power densities at 0.008 W/cm2; each light source delivering total daily doses of 3.36 J/cm2) and a sham-irradiated control group. Half of the animals in each group were killed on postoperative day 3, and the other half were killed on the postoperative day 7, and samples were removed for histological examination. RESULTS Combined red and blue PBM accelerated the process of re-epithelization and formation of cross-linked collagen fibers compared with sham irradiated control wounds. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the current dose of combined red and blue PBM improves the healing of sutured skin incisions in minipigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mária Figurová
- 1 Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, Radiology, and Reproduction; Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Valent Ledecký
- 1 Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, Radiology, and Reproduction; Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Karasová
- 1 Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, Radiology, and Reproduction; Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Marián Hluchý
- 1 Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, Radiology, and Reproduction; Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Alexandra Trbolová
- 1 Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, Radiology, and Reproduction; Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Igor Capík
- 1 Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, Radiology, and Reproduction; Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Slavomír Horňák
- 1 Department of Surgery, Orthopedics, Radiology, and Reproduction; Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Reichel
- 2 Clinic for Swine, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy , Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Jan M Bjordal
- 3 IGS, Physiotherapy Research Group, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Peter Gál
- 4 Department for Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inc. , Košice, Slovak Republic.,5 Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague, Czech Republic .,6 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University , Košice, Slovak Republic.,7 Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University , Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Oh PS, Hwang H, Jeong HS, Kwon J, Kim HS, Kim M, Lim S, Sohn MH, Jeong HJ. Blue light emitting diode induces apoptosis in lymphoid cells by stimulating autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 70:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Arısan V, Karabuda ZC, Arıcı SV, Topçuoğlu N, Külekçi G. A randomized clinical trial of an adjunct diode laser application for the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:547-54. [PMID: 26382562 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this radiographic and microbiologic split-mouth clinical trial, efficacy of a diode laser as an adjunct to conventional scaling in the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis was investigated. BACKGROUND DATA Eradication of pathogenic bacteria and infected sulcular epithelium presents a significant challenge in the nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients (mean age, 55.1 years; SD, 11.4) with 48 two piece, rough-surface implants and diagnosed with peri-implantitis were recruited (NCT02362854). In addition to conventional scaling and debridement (control group), crevicular sulci and the corresponding surfaces of 24 random implants were lased by a diode laser running at 1.0 W power at the pulsed mode (λ, 810 nm; energy density, 3 J/cm(2); time, 1 min; power density, 400 mW/cm2; energy, 1.5 J; and spot diameter, 1 mm); (laser group). Healing was assessed via periodontal indexes (baseline and after 1 and 6 months after the intervention), microbiologic specimens (baseline and after 1 month), and radiographs (baseline and after 6 months). RESULTS Baseline mean pocket depths (4.71, SD, 0.67; and 4.38, SD 0.42 mm) and marginal bone loss (2.71, SD 0.11; and 2.88, SD 0.18 mm) were similar (p = 0.09 and p = 0.12) between the control and laser groups, respectively. After 6 months, the laser group revealed higher marginal bone loss (2.79, SD 0.48) than the control groups (2.63, SD 0.53) (p < 0.0001). However, in both groups, the microbiota of the implants was found unchanged after 1 month. CONCLUSIONS In this clinical trial, adjunct use of diode laser did not yield any additional positive influence on the peri-implant healing compared with conventional scaling alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Arısan
- 1 Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University , Capa- Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zihni Cüneyt Karabuda
- 1 Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University , Capa- Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selahattin Volkan Arıcı
- 1 Department of Oral Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University , Capa- Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nursen Topçuoğlu
- 2 Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University , Capa- Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Güven Külekçi
- 2 Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University , Capa- Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
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Lins de Sousa D, Araújo Lima R, Zanin IC, Klein MI, Janal MN, Duarte S. Effect of Twice-Daily Blue Light Treatment on Matrix-Rich Biofilm Development. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131941. [PMID: 26230333 PMCID: PMC4521953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of blue light has been proposed as a direct means of affecting local bacterial infections, however the use of blue light without a photosensitizer to prevent the biofilm development has not yet been explored. The aim of this study was to determine how the twice-daily treatment with blue light affects the development and composition of a matrix-rich biofilm. Methodology/Principal Findings Biofilms of Streptococcus mutans UA159 were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs for 5 days. The biofilms were exposed twice-daily to non-coherent blue light (LumaCare; 420 nm) without a photosensitizer. The distance between the light and the sample was 1.0 cm; energy density of 72 J cm-2; and exposure time of 12 min 56 s. Positive and negative controls were twice-daily 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) and 0.89% NaCl, respectively. Biofilms were analyzed for bacterial viability, dry-weight, and extra (EPS-insoluble and soluble) and intracellular (IPS) polysaccharides. Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy were used to check biofilm morphology and bacterial viability, respectively. When biofilms were exposed to twice-daily blue light, EPS-insoluble was reduced significantly more than in either control group (CHX and 0.89% NaCl). Bacterial viability and dry weight were also reduced relative to the negative control (0.89% NaCl) when the biofilms were treated with twice-daily blue light. Different morphology was also visible when the biofilms were treated with blue light. Conclusions Twice-daily treatment with blue light without a photosensitizer is a promising mechanism for the inhibition of matrix-rich biofilm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Lins de Sousa
- Department of Dental Clinics, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Ramille Araújo Lima
- Department of Dental Clinics, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Iriana Carla Zanin
- Department of Dental Clinics, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Marlise I. Klein
- Department of Biomaterials, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malvin N. Janal
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, College of Dentistry, New York University, NYU, New York, United States of America
| | - Simone Duarte
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fontana CR, Song X, Polymeri A, Goodson JM, Wang X, Soukos NS. The effect of blue light on periodontal biofilm growth in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2077-86. [PMID: 25759232 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that blue light eliminates the black-pigmented oral bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, and Prevotella melaninogenica. In the present study, the in vitro photosensitivity of the above black-pigmented microorganisms and four Fusobacteria species (Fusobacterium nucleatum ss. nucleatum, F. nucleatum ss. vincentii, F. nucleatum ss. polymorphum, Fusobacterium periodonticum) was investigated in pure cultures and human dental plaque suspensions. We also tested the hypothesis that phototargeting the above eight key periodontopathogens in plaque-derived biofilms in vitro would control growth within the dental biofilm environment. Cultures of the eight bacteria were exposed to blue light at 455 nm with power density of 80 mW/cm2 and energy fluence of 4.8 J/cm2. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of bacteria was performed to demonstrate the presence and amounts of porphyrin molecules within microorganisms. Suspensions of human dental plaque bacteria were also exposed once to blue light at 455 nm with power density of 50 mW/cm2 and energy fluence of 12 J/cm2. Microbial biofilms developed from the same plaque were exposed to 455 nm blue light at 50 mW/cm2 once daily for 4 min (12 J/cm2) over a period of 3 days (4 exposures) in order to investigate the cumulative action of phototherapy on the eight photosensitive pathogens as well as on biofilm growth. Bacterial growth was evaluated using the colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. The selective phototargeting of pathogens was studied using whole genomic probes in the checkerboard DNA-DNA format. In cultures, all eight species showed significant growth reduction (p < 0.05). HPLC demonstrated various porphyrin patterns and amounts of porphyrins in bacteria. Following phototherapy, the mean survival fractions were reduced by 28.5 and 48.2% in plaque suspensions and biofilms, respectively, (p < 0.05). DNA probe analysis showed significant reduction in relative abundances of the eight bacteria as a group in plaque suspensions and biofilms. The cumulative blue light treatment suppressed biofilm growth in vitro. This may introduce a new avenue of prophylactic treatment for periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla R Fontana
- Applied Molecular Photomedicine Laboratory, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA. .,Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), 1621 Expedicionarios do Brasil Street, Araraquara, SP, 14801-960, Brazil.
| | - Xiaoqing Song
- Applied Molecular Photomedicine Laboratory, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Angeliki Polymeri
- Applied Molecular Photomedicine Laboratory, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - J Max Goodson
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Xiaoshan Wang
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Core, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
| | - Nikolaos S Soukos
- Applied Molecular Photomedicine Laboratory, Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, 245 First Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
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Oh PS, Na KS, Hwang H, Jeong HS, Lim S, Sohn MH, Jeong HJ. Effect of blue light emitting diodes on melanoma cells: Involvement of apoptotic signaling. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 142:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kim J, Kim S, Lim W, Choi H, Kim O. Effects of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (LL-37) on immortalized gingival fibroblasts infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis and irradiated with 625-nm LED light. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:2049-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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