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Zhang C, George SK, Wu R, Thakker PU, Abolbashari M, Kim TH, Ko IK, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Jackson J, Lee SJ, Yoo JJ, Atala A. Reno-protection of Urine-derived Stem Cells in A Chronic Kidney Disease Rat Model Induced by Renal Ischemia and Nephrotoxicity. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:435-446. [PMID: 32015680 PMCID: PMC6990904 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.37550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Drug-induced nephrotoxicity can occur in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction or renal ischemia, potentially leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Prompt treatment of CKD and the related side effects is critical in preventing progression to ESRD. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of urine-derived stem cells (USC) to treat chronic kidney disease-induced by nephrotoxic drugs and renal ischemia. Materials and methods: Human USC were collected, expanded and characterized by flow cytometry. A CKD model was induced by creating an ischemia-reperfusion injury and gentamicin administration. Twenty-eight adult immunodeficient rats were divided into three groups: PBS-treated group (n=9), USC-treated group (n=9), and sham group with age-matched control animals (n=10). Cell suspension of USC (5 x 106 / 100µl / kidney) or PBS was injected bilaterally into the renal parenchyma 9 weeks after CKD model creation. Renal function was evaluated by collection blood and urine samples to measure serum creatinine and glomerulus filtration rate. The kidneys were harvested 12 weeks after cell injection. Histologically, the extent of glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy, the amount of collagen deposition, interstitial fibrosis, inflammatory monocyte infiltration, and expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) were examined. Results: USC expressed renal parietal epithelial cells (CD24, CD29 and CD44). Renal function, measured by GFR and serum Cr in USC-treated group were significantly improved compared to PBS-treated animals (p<0.05). The degree of glomerular sclerosis and atrophic renal tubules, the amount of fibrosis, and monocyte infiltration significantly decreased in USC-treated group compared to the PBS group (p<0.05). The level of TGF-ß1 expression in renal tissues was also significantly lower in the PBS group, while the level of SOD-1 expression was significantly elevated in the USC group, compared to PBS group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the nephron-protective effect of USC on renal function via anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-fibrotic activity in a dual-injury CKD rat model. This provides an alternative treatment for CKD in certain clinical situations, such as instances where CKD is due to drug-induced nephrotoxicity and renal ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sunil K George
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Rongpei Wu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, People's Republic of China
| | - Parth Udayan Thakker
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mehran Abolbashari
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tae-Hyoung Kim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - In Kap Ko
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yinghao Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - John Jackson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Xing F, Li L, Sun J, Liu G, Duan X, Chen J, Liu M, Long Y, Xiang Z. Surface mineralized biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics loaded with urine-derived stem cells are effective in bone regeneration. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:419. [PMID: 31818319 PMCID: PMC6902489 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Segmental bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, or infection are a serious challenge for orthopedists in the world. Recent developments in tissue engineering have provided a new treatment for segmental bone defects. Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) can be obtained noninvasively and might be a new kind of seed cells used in bone tissue regeneration. Therefore, the first aim of the present study was to investigate the biological characteristics of USCs. The second aim of the present study was to study the osteogenic effect of surface mineralized biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics (BCPs) loaded with USCs in vitro and in vivo. METHODS We isolated USCs from the urine of healthy adult donors and evaluated the biological characteristics of USCs in vitro. We mineralized the surface of BCPs by simulated body fluid (SBF). Cell adhesion and proliferation of USCs on the surface mineralized BCPs were evaluated. Osteogenic proteins and genes of USCs on the surface mineralized BCPs were texted by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Critical-sized segmental bone defects model in New Zealand white rabbits were established and randomly divided into 4 groups (surface mineralized BCPs loaded with USCs, BCPs loaded with USCs, surface mineralized BCPs, and BCPs) based on the implant they received. The therapeutic efficacy of the scaffolds in a large bone defect at post-implantation was evaluated by imaging and histological examination. RESULTS USCs isolated in our study expressed stem cell-specific phenotypes and had a stable proliferative capacity and multipotential differentiation capability. Surface mineralized BCPs promoted osteogenic proteins and genes expression of USCs without affecting the proliferation of USCs. After 10 weeks, the amount of new bone formation was the highest in the group of surface mineralized BCPs loaded with USCs. CONCLUSION USCs, from non-invasive sources, have good application prospects in the field of bone tissue engineering. Surface mineralized BCPs can significantly enhance osteogenic potential of USCs without changing biological characteristics of BCPs. Surface mineralized BCPs loaded with USCs are effective in repairing of critical-sized segmental bone defects in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xing
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Lang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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Sato M, Takizawa H, Nakamura A, Turner BJ, Shabanpoor F, Aoki Y. Application of Urine-Derived Stem Cells to Cellular Modeling in Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:297. [PMID: 31920531 PMCID: PMC6915080 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases are mostly modeled using genetically modified animals such as mice. However, animal models do not recapitulate all the phenotypes that are specific to human disease. This is mainly due to the genetic, anatomical and physiological difference in the neuromuscular systems of animals and humans. The emergence of direct and indirect human somatic cell reprogramming technologies may overcome this limitation because they enable the use of disease and patient-specific cellular models as enhanced platforms for drug discovery and autologous cell-based therapy. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are increasingly employed to recapitulate the pathophysiology of various human diseases. Recent cell-based modeling approaches utilize highly complex differentiation systems that faithfully mimic human tissue- and organ-level dysfunctions. In this review, we discuss promising cellular models, such as USC- and iPSC-based approaches, that are currently being used to model human neuromuscular and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuto Sato
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.,Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hotake Takizawa
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Akinori Nakamura
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Matsumoto Medical Center, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Bradley J Turner
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Fazel Shabanpoor
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yoshitsugu Aoki
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
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Lin W, Xu L, Li G. A novel protocol for isolation and culture of multipotent progenitor cells from human urine. J Orthop Translat 2019; 19:12-17. [PMID: 31844609 PMCID: PMC6896728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy holds promise for treating a variety of diseases. Seeking available source of adult stem cells remains a great challenge in cell therapy. Urine is considered as an ideal source of adult stem cells which can be easily acquired by noninvasive methods. However, specific cell types in urine have not been well documented. Here, the aim of our study is to identify cell types in urine, and isolate and expand progenitor/stem cells from human urine and further evaluate their multipotency. Urine samples were collected from healthy donors. The cell suspension was seeded and selected because of plastic adherence. Colonies with two different morphologies appeared 7 days later. One type of colony was spindle-shaped and fibroblast-like; the other cell type displayed rounder shape. Cells that displayed fibroblast-like shape were selectively enriched using a cloning cylinder. Then multidifferentiation induction assays and immunophenotyping assays were applied. Characterization assays indicated that adherent cells possessed potent trilineage differentiation capacity and expressed CXCR4 and Nanog, as well as some mesenchymal stem cell surface antigens (including CD90 and CD44). Taken together, at least two cell populations exist in human urine. A stem cell subpopulation with trilineage differentiation capacity from human urine can be selectively enriched using the cloning cylinder method. Urine may become an ideal source of adult stem cells for cell therapy and further clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR China
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR China
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, PR China
- The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre on Health Maintenance of Musculoskeletal System, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China
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Identification and characterization of two morphologically distinct stem cell subpopulations from human urine samples. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 63:712-723. [PMID: 31515730 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) have shown potentials for the treatment of skeletal and urological disorders. Based on published literature and our own data, USCs consist of heterogeneous populations of cells. In this paper, we identify and characterize two morphologically distinct subpopulations of USCs from human urine samples, named as spindle-shaped USCs (SS-USCs) and rice-shaped USCs (RS-USCs) respectively. The two subpopulations showed similar clone-forming efficiency, while SS-USCs featured faster proliferation, higher motility, and greater potential for osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, RS-USCs showed greater potential for chondrogenic differentiation. POU5F1 was strongly expressed in both subpopulations, but MYC was weakly expressed. Both subpopulations showed similar patterns of CD24, CD29, CD34, CD44, CD73, CD90 and CD105 expression, while a higher percentage of RS-USCs were positive for CD133. SS-USCs were positive for VIM, weakly positive for SLC12A1 and UMOD, and negative for KRT18, NPHS1, AQP1 and AQP2, indicating a renal mesenchyme origin; while RS-USCs are positive for VIM, partially positive for KRT18, NPHS1, AQP1, SLC12A1 and UMOD, and negative for AQP2, indicating a nephron tubule origin. The above results can facilitate understanding of the biological characteristics of subpopulations of USCs, and provide a basis for further research and applications of such cells.
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Zhou M, Shen L, Qiao Y, Sun Z. Inducing differentiation of human urine-derived stem cells into hepatocyte-like cells by coculturing with human hepatocyte L02 cells. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:566-573. [PMID: 31407401 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the possibility of inducing differentiation of human urine-derived stem cells (hUSCs) into hepatocyte-like cells by coculturing with human hepatocyte L02 cells in vitro. METHODS HUSCs were isolated from fresh urine samples collected from healthy adult volunteers by centrifugation. Cells were observed under an inverted phase contrast microscope, and proliferative activity was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Stem cell surface markers were detected by flow cytometry. HUSCs were induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells by coculturing with human hepatocyte L02 cells, which were confirmed by cellular morphology, messenger RNA expression of albumin (ALB), α-fetoprotein (AFP) and hepatocyte cytochrome P450 (CYP450) analyzed with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and the expression of glycogen detected by glycogen staining kits at 5, 10, and 15 days after coculturing. RESULTS HUSCs from urine were successfully isolated and cultured in vitro. At passages 3, the growth curve of hUSCs was S-shaped with good proliferation activity. Mesenchymal stem cell surface markers CD44 and CD90 were detected positive by flow cytometry. CD31 for endothelial cells and CD34 for hematopoietic stem cell markers were not detected. HUSCs gained the cellular morphology and function of hepatocyte cells including higher expression of several hepatocyte-specific genes such as ALB and some CYP450, lower expression of AFP and positive glycogen expression (P < .05) in coculturing with human hepatocyte L02 cells for 10-15d. CONCLUSIONS HUSCs can be induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells by coculturing with human hepatocyte L02 cells for a certain number of days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yinggu Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenxiao Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Chamorro CI, Asghar M, Ekblad Å, Färnert A, Götherström C, Fossum M. Urothelial cell senescence is not linked with telomere shortening. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1518-1527. [PMID: 31117156 DOI: 10.1002/term.2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The success of regenerative medicine relies in part on the quality of the cells implanted. Cell cultures from cells isolated from bladder washes have been successfully established, but molecular changes and cell characteristics have not been explored in detail. In this work, we analysed the role of telomere shortening in relation to the regenerative potential and senescence of cells isolated from bladder washes and expanded in culture. We also analysed whether bladder washes would be a potential source for attaining stem cells or promoting stem cell proliferation by using two different substrates to support their growth: a feeder layer of growth-arrested murine fibroblasts J2 3T3 cells and a xeno-free human recombinant laminin-coated surface. We found no association between telomere shortening and senescence in urothelial cells in vitro. Urothelial cells had a stable telomere length and expressed mesenchymal stem cells markers but failed to differentiate into bone or adipocytes. Feeder layer showed an advantage to laminin-coated surfaces in respect to proliferative capacity with the expense of risking that feeder layer cells could persist in later passages. This emphasizes the importance of using carefully controlled culture conditions and molecular quality controls before autotransplantation in future clinical settings. In conclusion, urothelial cells isolated by bladder washes show regenerative potential that need further understanding. Senescence in vitro might be due to cellular stress, and if so, further improvements in culture conditions may lead to longer cell life and higher proliferative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Ibel Chamorro
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Highly Specialized Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Medicine, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Muhammad Asghar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Ekblad
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Färnert
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Götherström
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Fossum
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Highly Specialized Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Medicine, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Matz EL, Terlecki R, Zhang Y, Jackson J, Atala A. Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med Rev 2019; 7:321-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Takizawa H, Hara Y, Mizobe Y, Ohno T, Suzuki S, Inoue K, Takeshita E, Shimizu-Motohashi Y, Ishiyama A, Hoshino M, Komaki H, Takeda S, Aoki Y. Modelling Duchenne muscular dystrophy in MYOD1-converted urine-derived cells treated with 3-deazaneplanocin A hydrochloride. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3807. [PMID: 30846748 PMCID: PMC6405839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe muscle disorder characterised by mutations in the DMD gene. Recently, we have completed a phase I study in Japan based on systemic administration of the morpholino antisense that is amenable to exon-53 skipping, successfully. However, to achieve the effective treatment of DMD, in vitro assays on patient muscle cells to screen drugs and patient eligibility before clinical trials are indispensable. Here, we report a novel MYOD1-converted, urine-derived cells (UDCs) as a novel DMD muscle cell model. We discovered that 3-deazaneplanocin A hydrochloride, a histone methyltransferase inhibitor, could significantly promote MYOGENIN expression and myotube differentiation. We also demonstrated that our system, based on UDCs from DMD patients, could be used successfully to evaluate exon-skipping drugs targeting DMD exons including 44, 50, 51, and 55. This new autologous UDC-based disease modelling could lead to the application of precision medicine for various muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hotake Takizawa
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of NCNP Brain Physiology and Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Hara
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Mizobe
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Ohno
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sadafumi Suzuki
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Inoue
- Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Takeshita
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Shimizu-Motohashi
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishiyama
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikio Hoshino
- Department of Biochemistry & Cellular Biology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of NCNP Brain Physiology and Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Komaki
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Aoki
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of NCNP Brain Physiology and Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Gallo F, Ninotta G, Schenone M, Cortese P, Giberti C. Advances in stem cell therapy for male stress urinary incontinence. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 19:293-300. [PMID: 30709326 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1578343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among the several options that have been proposed in recent years for the management of male stress urinary incontinence (SUI), stem cell therapy represents a new frontier in treatment. The aim of this paper is to update the current status of stem cell therapy in animal and human studies for the management of iatrogenic male SUI. AREAS COVERED A literature review was conducted based on MEDLINE/PubMed searches for English articles using a combination of the following keywords: stem cell therapy, urinary incontinence, prostatectomy, regenerative medicine, mesenchymal stem cells. EXPERT OPINION The few studies reported in the literature have demonstrated short-term safety and promising results of stem cell therapy in treating male SUI. However, many aspects need to be clarified before stem cell therapy can be introduced into daily urologic practice. In fact, important issues such as the limitations of these studies in terms of small sample sizes and short follow-ups, the incomplete knowledge of the mechanism of action of stem cells, the technical details regarding the delivery method and the best sources of stem cells, the safety risks regarding genomic or epigenetic changes and potential immune reactions in the longer term need to be identified in more stringent clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Gallo
- a Department of Surgery, Division of Urology , San Paolo Hospital , Savona , Italy
| | - Gaetano Ninotta
- a Department of Surgery, Division of Urology , San Paolo Hospital , Savona , Italy
| | - Maurizio Schenone
- a Department of Surgery, Division of Urology , San Paolo Hospital , Savona , Italy
| | - Pierluigi Cortese
- a Department of Surgery, Division of Urology , San Paolo Hospital , Savona , Italy
| | - Claudio Giberti
- a Department of Surgery, Division of Urology , San Paolo Hospital , Savona , Italy
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Hwang Y, Cha SH, Hong Y, Jung AR, Jun HS. Direct differentiation of insulin-producing cells from human urine-derived stem cells. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:1668-1676. [PMID: 31839754 PMCID: PMC6909801 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.36011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of pancreatic β-cells is a cause of diabetes. Therefore, replacement of pancreatic β-cells is a logical strategy for the treatment of diabetes, and the generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from stem cells has been widely investigated as an alternative source for pancreatic β-cells. Here, we isolated stem cells from human urine and investigated their differentiation potential into IPCs. We checked the expression of surface stem cell markers and stem cell transcription factors, and found that the isolated human urine-derived stem cells (hUDSCs) expressed the stem cell markers CD44, CD90, CD105 and stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4. In addition, these cells expressed octamer binding transcription factor (Oct)4 and vimentin. hUDSCs could differentiate into adipocytes and osteocytes, as evidenced by Oil-red O staining and Alizarin Red S-staining of differentiated cells, respectively. When we directly differentiated hUDSCs into IPCs, the differentiated cells expressed mRNA for pancreatic transcription factors such as neurogenin (Ngn)3 and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox (Pdx)1. Differentiated IPCs expressed insulin and glucagon mRNA and protein, and these IPCs also secreted insulin in response to glucose stimulation. In conclusion, we found that hUDSCs can be directly differentiated into IPCs, which secrete insulin in response to glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongha Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Heui Cha
- Department of Marine Bioindustry, Hanseo University, Chungcheongman-do, 31962, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhee Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ryang Jung
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea.,Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, 21936, Republic of Korea.,Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
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62
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Xing F, Liu G, Duan X, Xiang Z. [The application of urine derived stem cells in regeneration of musculoskeletal system]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:1477-1482. [PMID: 30417628 PMCID: PMC8414118 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201804024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective To review the application of urine derived stem cells (USCs) in regeneration of musculoskeletal system. Methods The original literature about USCs in the regeneration of musculoskeletal system was extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results The source of USCs is noninvasive and extensive. USCs express MSCs surface markers with stable proliferative and multi-directional differentiation capabilities, and are widely used in bone, skin, nerve, and other skeletal and muscle system regeneration fields and show a certain repair capacity. Conclusion USCs from non-invasive sources have a wide application prospect in the regeneration of musculoskeletal system, but the definite biological mechanism of its repair needs further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Guoming Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Xin Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Zhou Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041,
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63
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Wan Q, Xiong G, Liu G, Shupe TD, Wei G, Zhang D, Liang D, Lu X, Atala A, Zhang Y. Urothelium with barrier function differentiated from human urine-derived stem cells for potential use in urinary tract reconstruction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:304. [PMID: 30409188 PMCID: PMC6225683 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous urothelial cells are often obtained via bladder biopsy to generate the bio-engineered urethra or bladder, while urine-derived stem cells (USC) can be obtained by a non-invasive approach. The objective of this study is to develop an optimal strategy for urothelium with permeability barrier properties using human USC which could be used for tissue repair in the urinary tract system. Methods USC were harvested from six healthy adult individuals. To optimize urothelial differentiation, five different differentiation methods were studied. The induced cells were assessed for gene and protein expression markers of urothelial cells via RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescent staining. Barrier function and ultrastructure of the tight junction were assessed with permeability assays and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Induced cells were both cultured on trans-well membranes and small intestinal submucosa, then investigated under histology analysis. Results Differentiated USC expressed significantly higher levels of urothelial-specific transcripts and proteins (Uroplakin III and Ia), epithelial cell markers (CK20 and AE1/AE3), and tight junction markers (ZO-1, ZO-2, E-cadherin, and Cingulin) in a time-dependent manner, compared to non-induced USC. In vitro assays using fluorescent dye demonstrated a significant reduction in permeability of differentiated USC. In addition, transmission electron microscopy confirmed appropriate ultrastructure of urothelium differentiated from USC, including tight junction formation between neighboring cells, which was similar to positive controls. Furthermore, multilayered urothelial tissues formed 2 weeks after USC were differentiated on intestine submucosal matrix. Conclusion The present study illustrates an optimal strategy for the generation of differentiated urothelium from stem cells isolated from the urine. The induced urothelium is phenotypically and functionally like native urothelium and has proposed uses in in vivo urological tissue repair or in vitro urethra or bladder modeling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1035-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wan
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Geng Xiong
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Thomas D Shupe
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Deying Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongbing Lu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital at Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Characterization of rabbit urine-derived stem cells for potential application in lower urinary tract tissue regeneration. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:303-315. [PMID: 30066105 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2885-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered urethra with autologous cells seeded on biodegradable scaffolds offers an alternative for lower urinary tract reconstruction. Rabbit is most commonly used as an animal model in urethra and bladder tissue repair. The goal of this study is to characterize rabbit urine-derived stem cells (rUSC) and induce these cells to differentiate into urothelial and smooth muscle cells as an autologous cell source for potential use in lower urinary tract tissue regeneration in a rabbit model. We successfully cultured rUSC from 12 urine samples and 13 bladder wash samples of six rabbits. rUSC colonies appeared more in the bladder wash solution (2-4/15 ml) than those in the urine samples (1-2 clones/15 ml urine). The cells displayed rice grain-like in morphology. Mean population doubling of rUSC was 48.5 ± 6.2 and average doubling time was 25.7 ± 8.4 h, indicating that a single of rUSC clone generated about 4 × 1014 cells in 50 days. The rUSC were positive for CD29, CD90 and CD105 but negative for CD31, CD34 and CD45 in flow cytometry. When exposed to PDGF-BB and TGF-β1, these cells could differentiate into spindle-like cells, expressing smooth muscle-specific proteins, including α-smooth muscle action, desmin and myosin. Urothelially differentiated rUSC expressed urothelial-specific proteins, i.e., AE1/AE3 and E-cadherin when exposed to epidermal growth factor (EGF). Osteogenic-differentiated rUSC expressed osteogenic marker, i.e., alkaline phosphatase when exposed to serum containing DMEM low-glucose medium with osteogenic supplements. In conclusion, rUSC can be isolated from bladder wash or urine samples and cultured in vitro. There stem cells possess strong proliferative ability and are capable of differentiating in urothelial, myogenic and osteogenic lineages. Thus, rUSC are a potential alternative autologous cell source for lower urinary tract repair with tissue engineering technology in a rabbit model.
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65
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Liu G, Wu R, Yang B, Deng C, Lu X, Walker SJ, Ma PX, Mou S, Atala A, Zhang Y. Human Urine-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation to Endothelial Cells with Barrier Function and Nitric Oxide Production. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7:686-698. [PMID: 30011128 PMCID: PMC6127250 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) play a key role in revascularization within regenerating tissue. Stem cells are often used as an alternative cell source when ECs are not available. Several cell types have been used to give rise to ECs, such as umbilical cord vessels, or differentiated from somatic stem cells, embryonic, or induced pluripotent stem cells. However, the latter carry the potential risk of chronic immune rejection and oncogenesis. Autologous endothelial precursors are an ideal resource, but currently require an invasive procedure to obtain them from the patient's own blood vessels or bone marrow. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine whether urine-derived stem cells (USCs) could differentiate into functional ECs in vitro. Urine-derived cells were then differentiated into cells of the endothelial lineage using endothelial differentiation medium for 14 days. Changes in morphology and ultrastructure, and functional endothelial marker expression were assessed in the induced USCs in vitro. Grafts of the differentiated USCs were then subcutaneously injected into nude mice. Induced USCs expressed significantly higher levels of specific markers of ECs (CD31, vWF, eNOS) in vitro and in vivo, compared to nondifferentiated USCs. In addition, the differentiated USC formed intricate tubular networks and presented similar tight junctions, and migration and invasion ability, as well as ability to produce nitric oxide (NO) compared to controls. Using USCs as autologous EC sources for vessel, tissue engineering strategies can yield a sufficient number of cells via a noninvasive, simple, and low-cost method suitable for rapid clinical translation. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018 Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:686-698.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Liu
- Reproductive Centre, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, People's Republic of China.,Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine
| | - Rongpei Wu
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine.,Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongbing Lu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Peter X Ma
- School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steve Mou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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66
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Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph N, Al-Hawaas M, Bobrovskaya L, Coates PT, Zhou XF. Urine-derived cells for human cell therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:189. [PMID: 29996911 PMCID: PMC6042455 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Desirable cells for human cell therapy would be ones that can be generated by simple isolation and culture techniques using a donor sample obtained by non-invasive methods. To date, the different donor-specific cells that can be isolated from blood, skin, and hair require invasive methods for sample isolation and incorporate complex and costly reagents to culture. These cells also take considerable time for their in-vitro isolation and expansion. Previous studies suggest that donor-derived cells, namely urine stem cells and renal cells, may be isolated from human urine samples using a cost-effective and simple method of isolation, incorporating not such complex reagents. Moreover, the isolated cells, particularly urine stem cells, are superior to conventional stem cell sources in terms of favourable gene profile and inherent multipotent potential. Transdifferentiation or differentiation of human urine-derived cells can generate desirable cells for regenerative therapy. In this review, we intended to discuss the characteristics and therapeutic applications of urine-derived cells for human cell therapy. Conclusively, with detailed study and optimisation, urine-derived cells have a prospective future to generate functional lineage-specific cells for patients from a clinical translation point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimshitha Pavathuparambil Abdul Manaph
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawaas
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Patrick T. Coates
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000 South Australia
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Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells: Potential for Cell-Based Therapy of Cartilage Defects. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4686259. [PMID: 29765413 PMCID: PMC5932456 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4686259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is considered an optimistic approach to replace current treatments for cartilage defects. Recently, human urine-derived stem cells (hUSCs), which are isolated from the urine, are studied as a promising candidate for many tissue engineering therapies due to their multipotency and sufficient proliferation activities. However, it has not yet been reported whether hUSCs can be employed in cartilage defects. In this study, we revealed that induced hUSCs expressed chondrogenic-related proteins, including aggrecan and collagen II, and their gene expression levels were upregulated in vitro. Moreover, we combined hUSCs with hyaluronic acid (HA) and injected hUSCs-HA into a rabbit knee joint with cartilage defect. Twelve weeks after the injection, the histologic analyses (HE, toluidine blue, and Masson trichrome staining), immunohistochemistry (aggrecan and collagen II), and histologic grade of the sample indicated that hUSCs-HA could stimulate much more neocartilage formation compared with hUSCs alone, pure HA, and saline, which only induced the modest cartilage regeneration. In this study, we demonstrated that hUSCs could be a potential cell source for stem cell therapies to treat cartilage-related defects in the future.
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68
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Smolar J, Horst M, Sulser T, Eberli D. Bladder regeneration through stem cell therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 18:525-544. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1439013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Smolar
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Maya Horst
- Department of Urology, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tulio Sulser
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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69
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Yang Q, Chen X, Zheng T, Han D, Zhang H, Shi Y, Bian J, Sun X, Xia K, Liang X, Liu G, Zhang Y, Deng C. Transplantation of Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells Transfected with Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor to Protect Erectile Function in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury. Cell Transplant 2018; 25:1987-2001. [PMID: 27075964 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x691448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether intracavernous injection of urine-derived stem cells (USCs) or USCs genetically modified with pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) could protect the erectile function and cavernous structure in a bilateral cavernous nerve injury-induced erectile dysfunction (CNIED) rat model. USCs were cultured from the urine of six healthy male donors. Seventy-five rats were randomly divided into five groups ( n = 15 per group): sham, bilateral cavernous nerve (CN) crush injury (BCNI), USC, USCGFP+, and USCGFP/PEDF+ groups. The sham group received only laparotomy without CN crush injury and intracavernous injection with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). All of the other groups were subjected to BCNI and intracavernous injection with PBS, USCs, USCsGFP+, or USCsGFP/PEDF+, respectively. The total intracavernous pressure (ICP) and the ratio of ICP to mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP) were recorded. The penile dorsal nerves, the endothelium, and the smooth muscle were assessed within the penile tissue. The USC and USCGFP/PEDF+ groups displayed more significantly enhanced ICP and ICP/MAP ratio ( p < 0.05) 28 days after cell transplantation. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the protection of erectile function and the cavernous structure by USCsGFP/PEDF+ was associated with an increased number of nNOS-positive fibers within the penile dorsal nerves, improved expression of endothelial markers (CD31 and eNOS) and a smooth muscle marker (smoothelin), an enhanced smooth muscle to collagen ratio, decreased expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and decreased cell apoptosis in the cavernous tissue. The paracrine effect of USCs and USCsGFP/PEDF+ prevented the destruction of erectile function and the cavernous structure in the CNIED rat model by nerve protection, thereby improving endothelial cell function, increasing the smooth muscle content, and decreasing fibrosis and cell apoptosis in the cavernous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Yang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dayu Han
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun Bian
- Department of Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiangzhou Sun
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kai Xia
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Renal Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded on Nanofibrous Scaffolds Improved by Human Renal Tubular Cell Lines-Conditioned Medium. ASAIO J 2018; 63:356-363. [PMID: 27832002 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000000470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney injuries and renal dysfunctions are one of the most important clinical problems, and tissue engineering could be a valuable method for solving it. The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of renal cell line-conditioned medium and Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers on renal differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In the current study, after stem cells isolation and characterization, PCL nanofibrous scaffold was fabricated using electrospinning methods and characterized morphologically, mechanically, and for biocompatibility. The renal differentiation of seeded MSCs on the surface of PCL nanofibers with and without human renal tubular cell lines-conditioned medium was investigated by evaluation of eight important renal-related genes expression by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry. Fabricated nanofibrous scaffolds were good in all characterized items. Almost highest expression of all genes was detected in stem cells seeded on PCL under conditioned media in comparison with the stem cells seeded on PCL, tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) under renal induction medium, and TCPS under conditioned medium. According to the results, PCL nanofibers in contribution with conditioned medium can provide the optimal conditions for renal differentiation of MSCs and could be a promising candidate for renal tissue engineering application.
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71
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Kim JY, Chun SY, Park JS, Chung JW, Ha YS, Lee JN, Kwon TG. Laminin and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB Promote Neuronal Differentiation of Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 15:195-209. [PMID: 30603547 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are considered as a promising cell source capable of neuronal differentiation. In addition, specific growth factors and extracellular matrix are essential for enhancing their neuronal differentiation efficiency. In this study, we investigated the possibility of neuronal differentiation of USCs and the role of laminin and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) as promoting factors. USCs were isolated from fresh urine of healthy donors. Cultured USCs were adherent to the plate and their morphology was similar to the cobblestone. In addition, they showed chromosome stability, rapid proliferation rate, colony forming capacity, and mesenchymal stem cell characteristics. For inducing the neuronal differentiation, USCs were cultured for 14 days in neuronal differentiation media supplemented with/without laminin and/or PDGF-BB. To identify the expression of neuronal markers, RT-PCR, flow cytometry analysis and immunocytochemistry were used. After neuronal induction, the cells showed neuron-like morphological change and high expression level of neuronal markers. In addition, laminin and PDGF-BB respectively promoted the neuronal differentiation of USCs and the combination of laminin and PDGF-BB showed a synergistic effect for the neuronal differentiation of USCs. In conclusion, USCs are noteworthy cell source in the field of neuronal regeneration and laminin and PDGF-BB promote their neuronal differentiation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yeon Kim
- 1Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 135 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940 Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- 1Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 135 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940 Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- 2Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Chung
- 3Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- 3Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- 3Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- 1Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 135 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41940 Korea.,3Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hoguk-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41404 Korea
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Pokrywczyńska M, Kloskowski T, Balcerczyk D, Buhl M, Jundziłł A, Nowacki M, Męcińska‐Jundziłł K, Drewa T. Stem cells and differentiated cells differ in their sensitivity to urine in vitro. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2307-2319. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pokrywczyńska
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in TorunBydgoszczPoland
| | - Tomasz Kloskowski
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in TorunBydgoszczPoland
| | - Daria Balcerczyk
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in TorunBydgoszczPoland
| | - Monika Buhl
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in TorunBydgoszczPoland
| | - Arkadiusz Jundziłł
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in TorunBydgoszczPoland
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Collegium MedicumNicolaus Copernicus UniversityBydgoszczPoland
| | - Maciej Nowacki
- Chair and Department of Surgical Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in TorunFranciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial HospitalBydgoszczPoland
| | - Kaja Męcińska‐Jundziłł
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in TorunBydgoszczPoland
| | - Tomasz Drewa
- Chair of Urology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell and Tissue Bank, Ludwik Rydygier's Collegium Medicum in BydgoszczNicolaus Copernicus University in TorunBydgoszczPoland
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Urinary Tissue Engineering: Challenges and Opportunities. Sex Med Rev 2017; 6:35-44. [PMID: 29066225 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this review, we discuss major advancements and common challenges in constructing and regenerating a neo-urinary conduit (NUC). First, we focus on the need for regenerating the urothelium, the hallmark the urine barrier, unique to urinary tissues. Second, we focus on clinically feasible scaffolds based on decellularized matrices and molded collagen that are currently of great research interest. AIM To discuss the major advancements in constructing a tissue-engineered NUC (TE-NUC) and the challenges involved in their successful clinical translation. METHODS A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed literature from PubMed and Google Scholar on subjects related to urothelium regeneration, decellularized tissue matrices, and collagen scaffolds was conducted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE We evaluated the main biological and mechanical functions of urinary tissues, the need for TE implants to create a urinary diversion, the reasons for their failures in clinical settings, and the applications of decellularized tissue matrices and collagen-based molded scaffolds in their regeneration. RESULTS It is necessary to create a urine barrier that prevents urine leakage into the stroma that can cause failure of the graft. Despite the regeneration potential of the urothelium, the limited supply of healthy urothelial cells in patients with bladder cancer remains a major challenge. In this context, alternative strategies, such as transdifferentiation of cells into urothelium or engineered scaffolds based on decellularized tissues and molded collagen with robust urine barrier properties, are active areas of research. CONCLUSION There is an immediate need for developing a functional TE-NUC that can improve the quality of life of patients with bladder cancer. It is possible to achieve a TE-NUC by bioengineering an implant that has appropriate biological and mechanical properties to store and transport urine. We anticipate that future advancements in urothelium regeneration and material design will lead us closer to successful neo-urinary tissue constructs. Singh A, Bivalacqua TJ, Sopko N. Urinary Tissue Engineering: Challenges and Opportunities. Sex Med Rev 2018;6:35-44.
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Vinarov A, Atala A, Yoo J, Slusarenco R, Zhumataev M, Zhito A, Butnaru D. Cell therapy for stress urinary incontinence: Present-day frontiers. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1108-e1121. [PMID: 28482121 DOI: 10.1002/term.2444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) significantly diminishes the quality of patients' lives. Currently available surgical and nonsurgical therapies remain far from ideal. At present, advances in cellular technologies have stirred growing interest in the use of autologous cell treatments aimed to regain urinary control. The objective was to conduct a review of the literature and analyse preclinical and clinical studies dedicated to various cell therapies for SUI, assessing their effectiveness, safety, and future prospects. A systematic literature search in PubMed was conducted using the following key terms: "stem," "cell," "stress," "urinary," and "incontinence." A total of 32 preclinical studies and 15 clinical studies published between 1946 and December 2014 were included in the review. Most preclinical trials have used muscle-derived stem cells and adipose-derived stem cells. However, at present, the application of other types of cells, such as human amniotic fluid stem muscle-derived progenitor cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, is becoming more extensive. While the evidence shows that these therapies are effective and safe, further work is required to standardize surgical techniques, as well as to identify indications for their use, doses and number of doses. Future research will have to focus on clinical applications of cell therapies; namely, it will have to determine indications for their use, doses of cells, optimal surgical techniques and methods, attractive cell sources, as well as to develop clinically relevant animal models and make inroads into understanding the mechanisms of SUI improvement by cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Vinarov
- Research Institute for Uronephrology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - James Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roman Slusarenco
- Research Institute for Uronephrology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marat Zhumataev
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Zhito
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis Butnaru
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Li J, Luo H, Dong X, Liu Q, Wu C, Zhang T, Hu X, Zhang Y, Song B, Li L. Therapeutic effect of urine-derived stem cells for protamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced interstitial cystitis in a rat model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:107. [PMID: 28482861 PMCID: PMC5422864 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0547-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic inflammation disorder mainly within the submucosal and muscular layers of the bladder. As the cause of IC remains unknown, no effective treatments are currently available. Administration of stem cell provides a potential for treatment of IC. Methods This study was conducted using urine-derived stem cells (USCs) for protamine/lipopolysaccharide (PS/LPS)-induced interstitial cystitis in a rodent model. In total, 60 female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized into three experimental groups (n = 5/group): sham controls; IC model alone; and IC animals intravenously treated with USCs (1.2 × 106 suspended in 0.2 ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Results Our data showed that the bladder micturition function was significantly improved in IC animals intravenously treated with USCs compared to those in the IC model alone group. The amount of antioxidants and antiapoptotic protein biomarkers heme oxygenase (HO)-1, NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase (NQO)-1, and Bcl-2 within the bladder tissues were significantly higher in IC animals intravenously treated with USCs and lower in the sham controls group as assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescent staining. In addition, the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3A was significantly higher in the IC model alone group than that in IC animals intravenously treated with USCs. Inflammatory biomarkers and apoptotic biomarkers (interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, caspase 3, and Bax) and the downstream inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers (endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy-related protein (GRP78, LC3, Beclin1)) in the bladder tissue revealed statistically different results between groups. Conclusions USCs restored the bladder function and histological construction via suppressing oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, and apoptotic processes in a PS/LPS-induced IC rodent model, which provides potential for treatment of patients with IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Physical examination, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, 40037, China
| | - Xingyou Dong
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Third Military University, Chongqing, 40037, China.
| | - Longkun Li
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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He W, Zhu W, Cao Q, Shen Y, Zhou Q, Yu P, Liu X, Ma J, Li Y, Hong K. Generation of Mesenchymal-Like Stem Cells From Urine in Pediatric Patients. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:2181-5. [PMID: 27569968 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used for regenerative medicine. Traditionally, the procedures of MSC isolation are usually invasive and time-consuming. Urine is merely a body waste, and recent studies have suggested that urine represents an alternative source of stem cells. We, therefore, determined whether the possibility of isolating mesenchymal-like stem cells was practical from human urine. METHODS A total of 16 urine samples were collected from pediatric patients. Urine-derived cells were isolated, expanded, and identified for specific cell surface markers using flow cytometry. Cell morphology was observed by microscopy. Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential were determinded by culturing cells in specific induction medium, and assessed by alkaline phosphatase and oil red O stainings, respectively. RESULTS Clones were established and passaged successfully from primary cultures of urine cells. Cultured urine-derived cells at passage 3 were fusiform and arranged with certain directionality. Urine-derived cells at passage 5 displayed expressions of cell surface markers (CD29, CD105, CD166, CD90, and CD13). There was no expression of the general hematopoietic cell markers (CD45, CD34, and HLA-DR). Under in vitro induction conditions, urine-derived cells at passage 5 were able to differentiate into osteoblasts, but not adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS Urine may be a noninvasive source for mesenchymal-like stem cells. These cells could potentially provide a new source of autologous stem cells for regenerative medicine and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- W He
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jiangxi, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - W Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Q Cao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jiangxi, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Q Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - P Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - J Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Institute of Cardiovascular Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - K Hong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Jiangxi, China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
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Gao P, Han P, Jiang D, Yang S, Cui Q, Li Z. Effects of the donor age on proliferation, senescence and osteogenic capacity of human urine-derived stem cells. Cytotechnology 2017; 69:751-763. [PMID: 28409292 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the effects of the donor age on the application potential of human urine-derived stem cells (hUSCs) in bone tissue engineering, by comparing proliferation, senescence and osteogenic differentiation of hUSCs originated from volunteers with different ages. The urine samples were collected from 19 healthy volunteers (6 cases from children group aged from 5 to 14, 5 cases from middle-aged group aged from 30 to 40, and 8 cases from the elder group aged from 65 to 75), and hUSCs were isolated and cultured. The cell morphology was observed by microscope and the cell surface markers were identified by flow cytometry. Their abilities to undergo osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation were determined in vitro, and cell proliferation analyses were performed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) Assay. The senescence of hUSCs among three groups was assessed by senescence-associated β galactosidase staining. After osteogenic differentiation, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of hUSCs was measured and expression of osteogenic-related runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteocalcin (OCN) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The hUSCs isolated from urine samples were adherent cells displayed "rice gain"-like and "spindle-shaped" morphology, expressing surface markers of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (CD73, CD90, CD105) and the peripheral cell marker (CD146), but not hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD34, CD45) or the embryonic stem cell marker (OCT3/4). The obtained hUSCs could be induced into osteogenic, adipogenic or chondrogenic differentiation. The hUSCs from the children group showed higher proliferation and lower tendency to senescence than those from the middle-aged and elder groups. After osteogenic induction, the ALP activity and RUNX2 and OCN expression of hUSCs from the children group were higher than those from the elder group. While no significant differences were observed when comparing the middle-aged group with the children group or the elder group. Donor age could influence the potency of hUSCs on proliferation, senescence and capacity of osteogenic differentiation. hUSCs from children group have shown higher proliferation, lower tendency to senescence, and stronger osteogenic capacity, which means to be more suitable for basic research and have better clinical application. Furthermore, hUSCs from all groups suggest the application potential in bone tissue engineering as seed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Harbin Children's Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Peilin Han
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dapeng Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulong Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingbo Cui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaozhu Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Kajbafzadeh AM, Abbasioun R, Sabetkish N, Sabetkish S, Habibi AA, Tavakkolitabassi K. In vivo human corpus cavernosum regeneration: fabrication of tissue-engineered corpus cavernosum in rat using the body as a natural bioreactor. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 49:1193-1199. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liu Y, Ma W, Liu B, Wang Y, Chu J, Xiong G, Shen L, Long C, Lin T, He D, Butnaru D, Alexey L, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Wei G. Urethral reconstruction with autologous urine-derived stem cells seeded in three-dimensional porous small intestinal submucosa in a rabbit model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:63. [PMID: 28279224 PMCID: PMC5345143 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urethral reconstruction is one of the great surgical challenges for urologists. A cell-based tissue-engineered urethra may be an alternative for patients who have complicated long strictures and need urethral reconstruction. Here, we demonstrated the feasibility of using autologous urine-derived stem cells (USCs) seeded on small intestinal submucosa (SIS) to repair a urethral defect in a rabbit model. METHODS Autologous USCs were obtained and characterized, and their capacity to differentiate into urothelial cells (UCs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) was tested. Then, USCs were labeled with PKH67, seeded on SIS, and transplanted to repair a urethral defect. The urethral defect model was surgically established in New Zealand white male rabbits. A ventral urethral gap was created, and the urethral mucosa was completely removed, with a mean rabbit penile urethra length of 2 cm. The urethral mucosal defect was repaired with a SIS scaffold (control group: SIS with no USCs; experimental group: autologous USC-seeded SIS; n = 12 for each group). A series of tests, including a retrograde urethrogram, histological analysis, and immunofluorescence, was undertaken 2, 3, 4, and 12 weeks after the operation to evaluate the effect of the autologous USCs on urethral reconstruction. RESULTS Autologous USCs could be easily collected and induced to differentiate into UCs and SMCs. In addition, the urethral caliber, speed of urothelial regeneration, content of smooth muscle, and vessel density were significantly improved in the group with autologous USC-seeded SIS. Moreover, inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis were found in the control group with only SIS, but not in the experimental autologous USC-seeded SIS group. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the transplanted USCs differentiated into UCs and SMCs in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Autologous USCs can be used as an alternative cell source for cell-based tissue engineering for urethral reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Yangcai Wang
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Jiaqiang Chu
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Geng Xiong
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
| | - Lianju Shen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Chunlan Long
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Dawei He
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Denis Butnaru
- Research Institute for Uronephrology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Lyundup Alexey
- Biomedical Research Department of Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 USA
| | - Deying Zhang
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014 China
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014 China
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Chan YY, Sandlin SK, Kurzrock EA, Osborn SL. The Current Use of Stem Cells in Bladder Tissue Regeneration and Bioengineering. Biomedicines 2017; 5:biomedicines5010004. [PMID: 28536347 PMCID: PMC5423492 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many pathological processes including neurogenic bladder and malignancy necessitate bladder reconstruction, which is currently performed using intestinal tissue. The use of intestinal tissue, however, subjects patients to metabolic abnormalities, bladder stones, and other long-term sequelae, raising the need for a source of safe and reliable bladder tissue. Advancements in stem cell biology have catapulted stem cells to the center of many current tissue regeneration and bioengineering strategies. This review presents the recent advancements in the use of stem cells in bladder tissue bioengineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Y Chan
- Department of Urology, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Samantha K Sandlin
- Department of Urology, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Stem Cell Program, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Eric A Kurzrock
- Department of Urology, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Stem Cell Program, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Stephanie L Osborn
- Department of Urology, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Stem Cell Program, Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Rothdiener M, Hegemann M, Uynuk-Ool T, Walters B, Papugy P, Nguyen P, Claus V, Seeger T, Stoeckle U, Boehme KA, Aicher WK, Stegemann JP, Hart ML, Kurz B, Klein G, Rolauffs B. Stretching human mesenchymal stromal cells on stiffness-customized collagen type I generates a smooth muscle marker profile without growth factor addition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35840. [PMID: 27775041 PMCID: PMC5075785 DOI: 10.1038/srep35840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using matrix elasticity and cyclic stretch have been investigated for inducing mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) differentiation towards the smooth muscle cell (SMC) lineage but not in combination. We hypothesized that combining lineage-specific stiffness with cyclic stretch would result in a significantly increased expression of SMC markers, compared to non-stretched controls. First, we generated dense collagen type I sheets by mechanically compressing collagen hydrogels. Atomic force microscopy revealed a nanoscale stiffness range known to support myogenic differentiation. Further characterization revealed viscoelasticity and stable biomechanical properties under cyclic stretch with >99% viable adherent human MSC. MSCs on collagen sheets demonstrated a significantly increased mRNA but not protein expression of SMC markers, compared to on culture flasks. However, cyclic stretch of MSCs on collagen sheets significantly increased both mRNA and protein expression of α-smooth muscle actin, transgelin, and calponin versus plastic and non-stretched sheets. Thus, lineage-specific stiffness and cyclic stretch can be applied together for inducing MSC differentiation towards SMCs without the addition of recombinant growth factors or other soluble factors. This represents a novel stimulation method for modulating the phenotype of MSCs towards SMCs that could easily be incorporated into currently available methodologies to obtain a more targeted control of MSC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Rothdiener
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Tatiana Uynuk-Ool
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Brandan Walters
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Piruntha Papugy
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Phong Nguyen
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Valentin Claus
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Seeger
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University Clinic II, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Stoeckle
- Clinic for Trauma and Restorative Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karen A. Boehme
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Jan P. Stegemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Melanie L. Hart
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bodo Kurz
- Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gerd Klein
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University Clinic II, University of Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
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Brun J, Abruzzese T, Rolauffs B, Aicher WK, Hart ML. Choice of xenogenic-free expansion media significantly influences the myogenic differentiation potential of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:344-59. [PMID: 26857228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have great potential for use in cell-based therapies for restoration of structure and function of many tissue types including smooth muscle. METHODS We compared proliferation, immunophenotype, differentiation capability and gene expression of bone marrow-derived MSCs expanded in different media containing human serum, plasma and platelet lysate in combination with commonly used protocols for myogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Moreover, we developed a xenogenic-free protocol for myogenic differentiation of MSCs. RESULTS Expansion of MSCs in media complemented with serum, serum + platelet lysate or plasma + platelet lysate were multipotent because they differentiated toward four mesenchymal (myogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic) lineages. Addition of platelet lysate to expansion media increased the proliferation of MSCs and their expression of CD146. Incubation of MSCs in medium containing human serum or plasma plus 5% human platelet lysate in combination with smooth muscle cell (SMC)-inducing growth factors TGFβ1, PDGF and ascorbic acid induced high expression of ACTA2, TAGLN, CNN1 and/or MYH11 contractile SMC markers. Osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiations served as controls. DISCUSSION Our study provides novel data on the myogenic differentiation potential of human MSCs toward the SMC lineage using different xenogenic-free cell culture expansion media in combination with distinct differentiation medium compositions. We show that the choice of expansion medium significantly influences the differentiation potential of human MSCs toward the smooth muscle cell, as well as osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages. These results can aid in designing studies using MSCs for tissue-specific therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Brun
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Abruzzese
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm K Aicher
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie L Hart
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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83
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Kim EY, Page P, Dellefave-Castillo LM, McNally EM, Wyatt EJ. Direct reprogramming of urine-derived cells with inducible MyoD for modeling human muscle disease. Skelet Muscle 2016; 6:32. [PMID: 27651888 PMCID: PMC5025576 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-016-0103-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular models of muscle disease are taking on increasing importance with the large number of genes and mutations implicated in causing myopathies and the concomitant need to test personalized therapies. Developing cell models relies on having an easily obtained source of cells, and if the cells are not derived from muscle itself, a robust reprogramming process is needed. Fibroblasts are a human cell source that works well for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells, which can then be differentiated into cardiomyocyte lineages, and with less efficiency, skeletal muscle-like lineages. Alternatively, direct reprogramming with the transcription factor MyoD has been used to generate myotubes from cultured human fibroblasts. Although useful, fibroblasts require a skin biopsy to obtain and this can limit their access, especially from pediatric populations. RESULTS We now demonstrate that direct reprogramming of urine-derived cells is a highly efficient and reproducible process that can be used to establish human myogenic cells. We show that this method can be applied to urine cells derived from normal individuals as well as those with muscle diseases. Furthermore, we show that urine-derived cells can be edited using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. CONCLUSIONS With progress in understanding the molecular etiology of human muscle diseases, having a readily available, noninvasive source of cells from which to generate muscle-like cells is highly useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellis Y Kim
- Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Patrick Page
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Lisa M Dellefave-Castillo
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Elizabeth M McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Eugene J Wyatt
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E. Superior St., Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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84
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Chun SY, Kim HT, Kwon SY, Kim J, Kim BS, Yoo ES, Kwon TG. The efficacy and safety of Collagen-I and hypoxic conditions in urine-derived stem cell ex vivo culture. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2016; 13:403-415. [PMID: 30603422 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-016-9073-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Upper urinary tract-derived urine stem cells (USCs) are considered a valuable mesenchymal stem cell source for autologous cell therapy. However, the reported culture condition for USCs is not appropriate for large-quantity production, because cells can show limited replicativity, senescence, and undesirable differentiation during cultivation. These drawbacks led us to reconstitute a culture condition that mimics the natural stem cell niche. We selected extracellular matrix protein and oxygen tension to optimize the ex vivo expansion of USCs, and compared cell adhesion, proliferation, gene expression, chromosomal stability, differentiation capacity, immunity and safety. Culture on collagen type I (ColI) supported highly enhanced USC proliferation and retention of stem cell properties. In the oxygen tension analysis (with ColI), 5% O2 hypoxia showed a higher cell proliferation rate, a greater proportion of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle, and normal stem cell properties compared to those observed in cells cultured under 20% O2 normoxia. The established reconstituted condition (ColI/hypoxia, USCsrecon) was compared to the control condition. The expanded USCsrecon showed highly increased cell proliferation and colony forming ability, maintained transcription factors, chromosomal stability, and multi-lineage differentiation capacity (neuron, osteoblast, and adipocyte) compared to the control. In addition, USCsrecon retained their immune-privileged potential and non-tumorigenicity with in vivo testing at week 8. Therefore, reconstituted condition allows for expanded uUSC cell preparations that are safe and useful for application in stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Chun
- 1Bio Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Se Yun Kwon
- 3Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Jeongshik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Central Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Bum Soo Kim
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Sang Yoo
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- 2Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,5Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944 Korea
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85
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Dong X, Zhang T, Liu Q, Zhu J, Zhao J, Li J, Sun B, Ding G, Hu X, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Li L. Beneficial effects of urine-derived stem cells on fibrosis and apoptosis of myocardial, glomerular and bladder cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 427:21-32. [PMID: 26952874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are isolated from voided urine and display high proliferative activity and multiple differentiation potentials. The applicability of USCs in the treatment of bladder dysfunction and in cell-based urological tissue engineering has been demonstrated. Whether they could serve as a potential stem cell source for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications has not been investigated. Here, we report the repairing and protective effects of USCs on pancreatic islets, the myocardium, the renal glomerulus and the bladder detrusor in diabetic rat models. Type 2 diabetic rat models were induced by means of a high fat diet and intraperitoneal injection with streptozotocin. USCs isolated from voided urine were administered via tail veins. The functional changes of pancreatic islets, left ventricle, glomerulus and bladder micturition were assessed by means of insulin tolerance tests, echocardiography, urine biochemical indexes and cystometry. The histologic changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining and TUNEL staining. Treatment with USCs significantly alleviated the histological destruction and functional decline. Although the USC treatment did not decrease fasting blood glucose to a significantly different level, the fibrosis and apoptosis of the myocardium, glomerulus and detrusor were significantly inhibited. This study indicates that administration of USCs may be useful for the treatment of the complications of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyou Dong
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingzhen Zhu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bishao Sun
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guolin Ding
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenxing Yang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Longkun Li
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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86
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Sloff M, Simaioforidis V, Tiemessen DM, Janke HP, Kortmann BBM, Roelofs LAJ, Geutjes PJ, Oosterwijk E, Feitz WFJ. Tubular Constructs as Artificial Urinary Conduits. J Urol 2016; 196:1279-86. [PMID: 27185613 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A readily available artificial urinary conduit might be substituted for autologous bowel in standard urinary diversions and minimize bowel associated complications. However, the use of large constructs remains challenging as host cellular ingrowth and/or vascularization is limited. We investigated large, reinforced, collagen based tubular constructs in a urinary diversion porcine model and compared subcutaneously pre-implanted constructs to cell seeded and basic constructs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Reinforced tubular constructs were prepared from type I collagen and biodegradable Vicryl® meshes through standard freezing, lyophilization and cross-linking techniques. Artificial urinary conduits were created in 17 female Landrace pigs, including 7 with a basic untreated construct, 5 with a construct seeded with autologous urothelial and smooth muscle cells, and 5 with a free graft formed by subcutaneous pre-implantation of a basic construct. All pigs were evaluated after 1 month. RESULTS The survival rate was 94%. At evaluation 1 basic and 1 cell seeded conduit were occluded. Urinary flow was maintained in all conduits created with pre-implanted constructs. Pre-implantation of the basic construct resulted in a vascularized tissue tube, which could be used as a free graft to create an artificial conduit. The outcome was favorable compared to that of the other conduits. Urinary drainage was better, hydroureteronephrosis was limited and tissue regeneration was improved. CONCLUSIONS Subcutaneous pre-implantation of a basic reinforced tubular construct resulted in a vascularized autologous tube, which may potentially replace bowel in standard urinary diversions. To our knowledge we introduce a straightforward 2-step procedure to create artificial urinary conduits in a large animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije Sloff
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Vasileios Simaioforidis
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien M Tiemessen
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heinz P Janke
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara B M Kortmann
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc A J Roelofs
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul J Geutjes
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert Oosterwijk
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wout F J Feitz
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Amalia's Children Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Ramsay S, Ringuette-Goulet C, Langlois A, Bolduc S. Clinical challenges in tissue-engineered urethral reconstruction. Transl Androl Urol 2016; 5:267-70. [PMID: 27141456 PMCID: PMC4837313 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2016.01.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Ramsay
- 1 Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center/FRQS, Québec City, QC, Canada ; 2 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Cassandra Ringuette-Goulet
- 1 Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center/FRQS, Québec City, QC, Canada ; 2 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Langlois
- 1 Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center/FRQS, Québec City, QC, Canada ; 2 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bolduc
- 1 Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Division of Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Québec Research Center/FRQS, Québec City, QC, Canada ; 2 Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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88
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Peak TC, Anaissie J, Hellstrom WJG. Current Perspectives on Stem Cell Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction. Sex Med Rev 2016; 4:247-256. [PMID: 27871958 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common sexual disorder that affects the lives of millions of male patients and their partners. Various medical and surgical therapies exist, with the most common being oral intake of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors. One therapeutic strategy in preclinical development to treat ED is stem cell transplantation. AIM To examine the studies that have investigated stem cells for the treatment of ED. METHODS A literature review was performed through PubMed focusing on stem cells and ED. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES An assessment of different types of stem cells and how they may be applied therapeutically in the treatment of ED. RESULTS The stem cell types that have been investigated for the treatment of ED include bone marrow-derived mesenchymal, adipose-derived, muscle-derived, testes, urine-derived, neural crest, and endothelial progenitor. Depending on the cell type, research has demonstrated that with transplantation, stem cells exert a paracrine effect on penile tissue, and can differentiate into smooth muscle, endothelium, and neurons. CONCLUSION Multiple stem cell lines are currently being studied for their potential to treat ED. To date, stem cells have proven safe and effective in both animal and human models of ED. More research is needed to understand their full therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor C Peak
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - James Anaissie
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Wayne J G Hellstrom
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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89
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Arcolino FO, Zia S, Held K, Papadimitriou E, Theunis K, Bussolati B, Raaijmakers A, Allegaert K, Voet T, Deprest J, Vriens J, Toelen J, van den Heuvel L, Levtchenko E. Urine of Preterm Neonates as a Novel Source of Kidney Progenitor Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 27:2762-70. [PMID: 26940093 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015060664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, nephrogenesis is completed prenatally, with nephrons formed until 34 weeks of gestational age. We hypothesized that urine of preterm neonates born before the completion of nephrogenesis is a noninvasive source of highly potent stem/progenitor cells. To test this hypothesis, we collected freshly voided urine at day 1 after birth from neonates born at 31-36 weeks of gestational age and characterized isolated cells using a single-cell RT-PCR strategy for gene expression analysis and flow cytometry and immunofluorescence for protein expression analysis. Neonatal stem/progenitor cells expressed markers of nephron progenitors but also, stromal progenitors, with many single cells coexpressing these markers. Furthermore, these cells presented mesenchymal stem cell features and protected cocultured tubule cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Podocytes differentiated from the neonatal stem/progenitor cells showed upregulation of podocyte-specific genes and proteins, albumin endocytosis, and calcium influx via podocyte-specific transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6. Differentiated proximal tubule cells showed upregulation of specific genes and significantly elevated p-glycoprotein activity. We conclude that urine of preterm neonates is a novel noninvasive source of kidney progenitors that are capable of differentiation into mature kidney cells and have high potential for regenerative kidney repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Oliveira Arcolino
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Silvia Zia
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Katharina Held
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Elli Papadimitriou
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Koen Theunis
- Department of Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Anke Raaijmakers
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Karel Allegaert
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Thierry Voet
- Department of Human Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Deprest
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Joris Vriens
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and
| | - Jaan Toelen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Lambertus van den Heuvel
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Levtchenko
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ System Cluster, Group of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Pediatrics and
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Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells Differentiation from Dental Pulp Stem Cells: Future Potential for Bladder Tissue Engineering. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6979368. [PMID: 26880982 PMCID: PMC4736571 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6979368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into multiple cell lines, thus providing an alternative source of cell for tissue engineering. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) regeneration is a crucial step in tissue engineering of the urinary bladder. It is known that DPSCs have the potential to differentiate into a smooth muscle phenotype in vitro with differentiation agents. However, most of these studies are focused on the vascular SMCs. The optimal approaches to induce human DPSCs to differentiate into bladder SMCs are still under investigation. We demonstrate in this study the ability of human DPSCs to differentiate into bladder SMCs in a growth environment containing bladder SMCs-conditioned medium with the addition of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). After 14 days of exposure to this medium, the gene and protein expression of SMC-specific marker (α-SMA, desmin, and calponin) increased over time. In particular, myosin was present in differentiated cells after 11 days of induction, which indicated that the cells differentiated into the mature SMCs. These data suggested that human DPSCs could be used as an alternative and less invasive source of stem cells for smooth muscle regeneration, a technology that has applications for bladder tissue engineering.
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91
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Brun J, Lutz KA, Neumayer KMH, Klein G, Seeger T, Uynuk-Ool T, Wörgötter K, Schmid S, Kraushaar U, Guenther E, Rolauffs B, Aicher WK, Hart ML. Smooth Muscle-Like Cells Generated from Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Display Marker Gene Expression and Electrophysiological Competence Comparable to Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145153. [PMID: 26673782 PMCID: PMC4684225 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) differentiated toward a smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotype may provide an alternative for investigators interested in regenerating urinary tract organs such as the bladder where autologous smooth muscle cells cannot be used or are unavailable. In this study we measured the effects of good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compliant expansion followed by myogenic differentiation of human MSCs on the expression of a range of contractile (from early to late) myogenic markers in relation to the electrophysiological parameters to assess the functional role of the differentiated MSCs and found that differentiation of MSCs associated with electrophysiological competence comparable to bladder SMCs. Within 1-2 weeks of myogenic differentiation, differentiating MSCs significantly expressed alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA; ACTA2), transgelin (TAGLN), calponin (CNN1), and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC; MYH11) according to qRT-PCR and/or immunofluorescence and Western blot. Voltage-gated Na+ current levels also increased within the same time period following myogenic differentiation. In contrast to undifferentiated MSCs, differentiated MSCs and bladder SMCs exhibited elevated cytosolic Ca2+ transients in response to K+-induced depolarization and contracted in response to K+ indicating functional maturation of differentiated MSCs. Depolarization was suppressed by Cd2+, an inhibitor of voltage-gated Ca2+-channels. The expression of Na+-channels was pharmacologically identified as the Nav1.4 subtype, while the K+ and Ca2+ ion channels were identified by gene expression of KCNMA1, CACNA1C and CACNA1H which encode for the large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel BKCa channels, Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channels and Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels, respectively. This protocol may be used to differentiate adult MSCs into smooth muscle-like cells with an intermediate-to-late SMC contractile phenotype exhibiting voltage-gated ion channel activity comparable to bladder SMCs which may be important for urological regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Brun
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin A. Lutz
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina M. H. Neumayer
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerd Klein
- Center for Medical Research, University Medical Clinic, Department II, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tanja Seeger
- Center for Medical Research, University Medical Clinic, Department II, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tatiana Uynuk-Ool
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Laboratory for Molecular Biomechanics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Wörgötter
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Laboratory for Molecular Biomechanics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Schmid
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Department of Electrophysiology, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Udo Kraushaar
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Department of Electrophysiology, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Elke Guenther
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, Department of Electrophysiology, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Rolauffs
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Laboratory for Molecular Biomechanics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wilhelm K. Aicher
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie L. Hart
- Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Siegfried Weller Institute for Trauma Research, Laboratory for Molecular Biomechanics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Schosserer M, Reynoso R, Wally V, Jug B, Kantner V, Weilner S, Buric I, Grillari J, Bauer JW, Grillari-Voglauer R. Urine is a novel source of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for patients with epidermolysis bullosa. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:767. [PMID: 26654529 PMCID: PMC4676112 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1686-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regenerative medicine is strictly dependent on stem cells as a source for a high diversity of somatic cells. However, the isolation of such from individuals suffering from severe genetic skin blistering diseases like epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is often associated with further organ damage. Methods Stem cells were isolated from 112 urine samples from 21 different healthy donors, as well as from 33 urine samples from 25 donors with EB. The cultivation of these cells was optimized by testing different media formulations and pre-coating of culture vessels with collagen. The identity of cells was confirmed by testing marker expression, differentiation potential and immune-modulatory properties. Results We provide here an optimized protocol for the reproducible isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from urine, even from small volumes as obtained from patients with EB. Furthermore, we offer a basic characterization of those urine-derived stem cells (USCs) from healthy donors, as well as from patients with EB, and demonstrate their potential to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts and adipocytes, as well as their immune-modulatory properties. Conclusions Thus, USCs provide a novel and non-invasive source of stem cells, which might be applied for gene-therapeutic approaches to improve medical conditions of patients with EB. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1686-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schosserer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Rita Reynoso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Verena Wally
- Division of Experimental Dermatology, EB House Austria, Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Bogdan Jug
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Viktoria Kantner
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sylvia Weilner
- Evercyte GmbH, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ivana Buric
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Evercyte GmbH, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Christian Doppler-Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Johann W Bauer
- Division of Experimental Dermatology, EB House Austria, Department of Dermatology, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Regina Grillari-Voglauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Evercyte GmbH, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria. .,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
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93
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Atala A, Danilevskiy M, Lyundup A, Glybochko P, Butnaru D, Vinarov A, Yoo JJ. The potential role of tissue-engineered urethral substitution: clinical and preclinical studies. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:3-19. [PMID: 26631921 DOI: 10.1002/term.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Urethral strictures and anomalies remain among the difficult problems in urology, with urethroplasty procedures being the most effective treatment options. The two major types of urethroplasty are anastomotic urethroplasty and widening the urethral lumen using flaps or grafts (i.e. substitution urethroplasty). However, no ideal material for the latter has been found so far. Designing and selecting such a material is a necessary and challenging endeavour, driving the need for further bioengineered urethral tissue research. This article reviews currently available studies on the potentialities of tissue engineering in urethral reconstruction, in particular those describing the use of both acellular and recellularized tissue-engineered constructs in animal and human models. Possible future developments in this field are also discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mikhail Danilevskiy
- Research Institute of Uronephrology and Reproductive Health, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Lyundup
- Research Institute of Molecular Medicine, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Petr Glybochko
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Denis Butnaru
- Research Institute of Uronephrology and Reproductive Health, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Vinarov
- Research Institute of Uronephrology and Reproductive Health, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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95
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Abstract
As bladder reconstruction strategies evolve, a feasible and safe source of transplantable urothelium becomes a major consideration for patients with advanced bladder disease, particularly cancer. Pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are attractive candidates from which to derive urothelium as they renew and proliferate indefinitely in vitro and fulfill the non-autologous and/or non-urologic criteria, respectively, that is required for many patients. This review presents the latest advancements in differentiating urothelium from pluripotent stem cells in vitro in the context of current bladder tissue engineering strategies.
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96
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Human Urine as a Noninvasive Source of Kidney Cells. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:362562. [PMID: 26089913 PMCID: PMC4451513 DOI: 10.1155/2015/362562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine represents an unlimited source of patient-specific kidney cells that can be harvested noninvasively. Urine derived podocytes and proximal tubule cells have been used to study disease mechanisms and to screen for novel drug therapies in a variety of human kidney disorders. The urinary kidney stem/progenitor cells and extracellular vesicles, instead, might be promising for therapeutic treatments of kidney injury. The greatest advantages of urine as a source of viable cells are the easy collection and less complicated ethical issues. However, extensive characterization and in vivo studies still have to be performed before the clinical use of urine-derived kidney progenitors.
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97
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Hart ML, Izeta A, Herrera-Imbroda B, Amend B, Brinchmann JE. Cell Therapy for Stress Urinary Incontinence. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:365-76. [PMID: 25789845 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary loss of urine and is a common condition in middle-aged and elderly women and men. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is caused by leakage of urine when coughing, sneezing, laughing, lifting, and exercise, even standing leads to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Other types of UI also exist such as urge incontinence (also called overactive bladder), which is a strong and unexpected sudden urge to urinate, mixed forms of UI that result in symptoms of both urge and stress incontinence, and functional incontinence caused by reduced mobility, cognitive impairment, or neuromuscular limitations that impair mobility or dexterity. However, for many SUI patients, there is significant loss of urethral sphincter muscle due to degeneration of tissue, the strain and trauma of pregnancy and childbirth, or injury acquired during surgery. Hence, for individuals with SUI, a cell-based therapeutic approach to regenerate the sphincter muscle offers the advantage of treating the cause rather than the symptoms. We discuss current clinically relevant cell therapy approaches for regeneration of the external urethral sphincter (striated muscle), internal urethral sphincter (smooth muscle), the neuromuscular synapse, and blood supply. The use of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells is a major step in the right direction, but they may not be enough for regeneration of all components of the urethral sphincter. Inclusion of other cell types or biomaterials may also be necessary to enhance integration and survival of the transplanted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Hart
- 1 Clinical Research Group KFO 273, Department of Urology, University of Tübingen , Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ander Izeta
- 2 Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Instituto Biodonostia, Hospital Universitario Donostia , San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Bastian Amend
- 4 Department of Urology, University of Tübingen , Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jan E Brinchmann
- 5 Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- 6 Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway
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98
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Zhao G, Liu F, Lan S, Li P, Wang L, Kou J, Qi X, Fan R, Hao D, Wu C, Bai T, Li Y, Liu JY. Large-scale expansion of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells on gelatin microbeads, with retention of self-renewal and multipotency characteristics and the capacity for enhancing skin wound healing. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:38. [PMID: 25889402 PMCID: PMC4413550 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Successful stem cell therapy relies on large-scale generation of stem cells and their maintenance in a proliferative multipotent state. This study aimed to establish a three-dimension culture system for large-scale generation of hWJ-MSC and investigated the self-renewal activity, genomic stability and multi-lineage differentiation potential of such hWJ-MSC in enhancing skin wound healing. METHODS hWJ-MSC were seeded on gelatin microbeads and cultured in spinning bottles (3D). Cell proliferation, karyotype analysis, surface marker expression, multipotent differentiation (adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic potentials), and expression of core transcription factors (OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and C-MYC), as well as their efficacy in accelerating skin wound healing, were investigated and compared with those of hWJ-MSC derived from plate cultres (2D), using in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS hWJ-MSC attached to and proliferated on gelatin microbeads in 3D cultures reaching a maximum of 1.1-1.30×10(7) cells on 0.5 g of microbeads by days 8-14; in contrast, hWJ-MSC derived from 2D cultures reached a maximum of 6.5 -11.5×10(5) cells per well in a 24-well plate by days 6-10. hWJ-MSC derived by 3D culture incorporated significantly more EdU (P<0.05) and had a significantly higher proliferation index (P<0.05) than those derived from 2D culture. Immunofluorescence staining, real-time PCR, flow cytometry analysis, and multipotency assays showed that hWJ-MSC derived from 3D culture retained MSC surface markers and multipotency potential similar to 2D culture-derived cells. 3D culture-derived hWJ-MSC also retained the expression of core transcription factors at levels comparable to their 2D culture counterparts. Direct injection of hWJ-MSC derived from 3D or 2D cultures into animals exhibited similar efficacy in enhancing skin wound healing. CONCLUSIONS Thus, hWJ-MSC can be expanded markedly in gelatin microbeads, while retaining MSC surface marker expression, multipotent differential potential, and expression of core transcription factors. These cells also efficiently enhanced skin wound healing in vivo, in a manner comparable to that of hWJ-MSC obtained from 2D culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Zhao
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China. .,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Feilin Liu
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Shaowei Lan
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Pengdong Li
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Junna Kou
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaojuan Qi
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Ruirui Fan
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Deshun Hao
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Chunling Wu
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China. .,Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS - Michigan State University Joint Laboratory of Innate Immunity, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, P R China.
| | - Tingting Bai
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
| | - Jin Yu Liu
- Department of Pathobiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China. .,Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, P.R. China.
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99
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Tissue engineering in urothelium regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 82-83:64-8. [PMID: 25477302 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of therapeutic treatments to regenerate urothelium, manufacture tissue equivalents or neourethras for in-vivo application is a significant challenge in the field of tissue engineering. Many studies have focused on urethral defects that, in most cases, inadequately address current therapies. This article reviews the primary tissue engineering strategies aimed at the clinical requirements for urothelium regeneration while concentrating on promising investigations in the use of grafts, cellular preparations, as well as seeded or unseeded natural and synthetic materials. Despite significant progress being made in the development of scaffolds and matrices, buccal mucosa transplants have not been replaced. Recently, graft tissues appear to have an advantage over the use of matrices. These therapies depend on cell isolation and propagation in vitro that require, not only substantial laboratory resources, but also subsequent surgical implant procedures. The choice of the correct cell source is crucial when determining an in-vivo application because of the risks of tissue changes and abnormalities that may result in donor site morbidity. Addressing an appropriately-designed animal model and relevant regulatory issues is of fundamental importance for the principal investigators when a therapy using cellular components has been developed for clinical use.
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100
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Mesenchymal stromal cells for sphincter regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 82-83:123-36. [PMID: 25451135 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), defined as the involuntary loss of considerable amounts of urine during increased abdominal pressure (exertion, effort, sneezing, coughing, etc.), is a severe problem to the individuals affected and a significant medical, social and economic challenge. SUI is associated with pelvic floor debility, absence of detrusor contraction, or a loss of control over the sphincter muscle apparatus. The pathology includes an increasing loss of muscle cells, replacement of muscular tissue with fibrous tissue, and general aging associated processes of the sphincter complex. When current therapies fail to cure or improve SUI, application of regeneration-competent cells may be an alternative therapeutic option. Here we discuss different aspects of the biology of mesenchymal stromal cells, which are relevant to their clinical applications and for regenerating the sphincter complex. However, there are reports in favor of and against cell-based therapies. We therefore summarize the potential and the risks of cell-based therapies for the treatment of SUI.
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