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Lasser M, Tiber J, Lowery LA. The Role of the Microtubule Cytoskeleton in Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:165. [PMID: 29962938 PMCID: PMC6010848 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons depend on the highly dynamic microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton for many different processes during early embryonic development including cell division and migration, intracellular trafficking and signal transduction, as well as proper axon guidance and synapse formation. The coordination and support from MTs is crucial for newly formed neurons to migrate appropriately in order to establish neural connections. Once connections are made, MTs provide structural integrity and support to maintain neural connectivity throughout development. Abnormalities in neural migration and connectivity due to genetic mutations of MT-associated proteins can lead to detrimental developmental defects. Growing evidence suggests that these mutations are associated with many different neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disabilities (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this review article, we highlight the crucial role of the MT cytoskeleton in the context of neurodevelopment and summarize genetic mutations of various MT related proteins that may underlie or contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Lasser
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Jessica Tiber
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Laura Anne Lowery
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
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52
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Spinal motor neuron involvement in a patient with homozygous PRUNE mutation. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018; 22:541-543. [PMID: 29307700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, whole exome sequencing (WES) allowed the identification of PRUNE mutations in patients featuring a complex neurological phenotype characterized by severe neurodevelopmental delay, microcephaly, epilepsy, optic atrophy, and brain or cerebellar atrophy. We describe an additional patient with homozygous PRUNE mutation who presented with spinal muscular atrophy phenotype, in addition to the already known brain developmental disorder. This novel feature expands the clinical consequences of PRUNE mutations and allow to converge PRUNE syndrome with previous descriptions of neurodevelopmental/neurodegenerative disorders linked to altered microtubule dynamics.
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53
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A competitive cell-permeable peptide impairs Nme-1 (NDPK-A) and Prune-1 interaction: therapeutic applications in cancer. J Transl Med 2018; 98:571-581. [PMID: 29449633 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-017-0011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The understanding of protein-protein interactions is crucial in order to generate a second level of functional genomic analysis in human disease. Within a cellular microenvironment, protein-protein interactions generate new functions that can be defined by single or multiple modes of protein interactions. We outline here the clinical importance of targeting of the Nme-1 (NDPK-A)-Prune-1 protein complex in cancer, where an imbalance in the formation of this protein-protein complex can result in inhibition of tumor progression. We discuss here recent functional data using a small synthetic competitive cell-permeable peptide (CPP) that has shown therapeutic efficacy for impairing formation of the Nme-1-Prune-1 protein complex in mouse preclinical xenograft tumor models (e.g., breast, prostate, colon, and neuroblastoma). We thus believe that further discoveries in the near future related to the identification of new protein-protein interactions will have great impact on the development of new therapeutic strategies against various cancers.
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54
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Salpietro V, Perez-Dueñas B, Nakashima K, San Antonio-Arce V, Manole A, Efthymiou S, Vandrovcova J, Bettencourt C, Mencacci NE, Klein C, Kelly MP, Davies CH, Kimura H, Macaya A, Houlden H. A homozygous loss-of-function mutation in PDE2A associated to early-onset hereditary chorea. Mov Disord 2018; 33:482-488. [PMID: 29392776 PMCID: PMC5873427 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We investigated a family that presented with an infantile‐onset chorea‐predominant movement disorder, negative for NKX2‐1, ADCY5, and PDE10A mutations. Methods: Phenotypic characterization and trio whole‐exome sequencing was carried out in the family. Results: We identified a homozygous mutation affecting the GAF‐B domain of the 3’,5’‐cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase PDE2A gene (c.1439A>G; p.Asp480Gly) as the candidate novel genetic cause of chorea in the proband. PDE2A hydrolyzes cyclic adenosine/guanosine monophosphate and is highly expressed in striatal medium spiny neurons. We functionally characterized the p.Asp480Gly mutation and found that it severely decreases the enzymatic activity of PDE2A. In addition, we showed equivalent expression in human and mouse striatum of PDE2A and its homolog gene, PDE10A. Conclusions: We identified a loss‐of‐function homozygous mutation in PDE2A associated to early‐onset chorea. Our findings possibly strengthen the role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate metabolism in striatal medium spiny neurons as a crucial pathophysiological mechanism in hyperkinetic movement disorders. © 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Belen Perez-Dueñas
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kosuke Nakashima
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Victoria San Antonio-Arce
- Unit of Epilepsy, Sleep and Neurophysiology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreea Manole
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Efthymiou
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Vandrovcova
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Conceicao Bettencourt
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niccolò E Mencacci
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom.,Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg school of medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michy P Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ceri H Davies
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- CNS Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Alfons Macaya
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
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55
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Alfadhel M, Nashabat M, Hundallah K, Al Hashem A, Alrumayyan A, Tabarki B. PRUNE Syndrome Is a New Neurodevelopmental Disorder: Report and Review. Child Neurol Open 2018; 5:2329048X17752237. [PMID: 29372174 PMCID: PMC5768269 DOI: 10.1177/2329048x17752237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PRUNE syndrome, or neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, hypotonia, and variable brain anomalies (OMIM#617481), is a new rare autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disease that is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in PRUNE1 on chromosome 1q21. Here, We report on 12-month-old and 30-month-old girls from 2 unrelated Saudi families with typical presentations of PRUNE syndrome. Both patients had severe developmental delay, progressive microcephaly, and dysmorphic features. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed slight thinning in the corpus callosum, mild frontal brain atrophy, and delayed myelination in one of the patients. Both patients had the same missense mutation in PRUNE1 (c.383G>A, p.Arg128Gln), which was not reported before in a homozygous state. We compared our patients to previously reported cases. In conclusion, We suggest that clinicians consider PRUNE syndrome in any child presenting with dysmorphic features, developmental delay, progressive microcephaly, central hypotonia, peripheral spasticity, delayed myelination, brain atrophy, and a thin corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Alfadhel
- Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Nashabat
- Genetics Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Hundallah
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Al Hashem
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alrumayyan
- Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brahim Tabarki
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Baple EL, Houlden H, Zollo M, Crosby AH. Reply: PRUNE1: a disease-causing gene for secondary microcephaly. Brain 2017; 140:e62. [PMID: 28969377 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Baple
- Medical Research (Level 4), RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Massimo Zollo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche DMMBM, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, 80131, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, Naples, Italy.,European School of Molecular Medicine, SEMM, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew H Crosby
- Medical Research (Level 4), RILD Wellcome Wolfson Centre, University of Exeter Medical School, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
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57
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Potential Role of Microtubule Stabilizing Agents in Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081627. [PMID: 28933765 PMCID: PMC5578018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are characterized by neuroanatomical abnormalities indicative of corticogenesis disturbances. At the basis of NDDs cortical abnormalities, the principal developmental processes involved are cellular proliferation, migration and differentiation. NDDs are also considered “synaptic disorders” since accumulating evidence suggests that NDDs are developmental brain misconnection syndromes characterized by altered connectivity in local circuits and between brain regions. Microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins play a fundamental role in the regulation of basic neurodevelopmental processes, such as neuronal polarization and migration, neuronal branching and synaptogenesis. Here, the role of microtubule dynamics will be elucidated in regulating several neurodevelopmental steps. Furthermore, the correlation between abnormalities in microtubule dynamics and some NDDs will be described. Finally, we will discuss the potential use of microtubule stabilizing agents as a new pharmacological intervention for NDDs treatment.
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58
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Anttonen AK, Lehesjoki AE. Reply: The phenotypic and molecular spectrum of PEHO syndrome and PEHO-like disorders. Brain 2017; 140:e50. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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