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Malliou F, Andreadou I, Gonzalez FJ, Lazou A, Xepapadaki E, Vallianou I, Lambrinidis G, Mikros E, Marselos M, Skaltsounis AL, Konstandi M. The olive constituent oleuropein, as a PPARα agonist, markedly reduces serum triglycerides. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 59:17-28. [PMID: 29960113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein (OLE), a main constituent of olive, exhibits antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects, while it reduces the infarct size in chow- and cholesterol-fed rabbits. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) has essential roles in the control of lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. This study focused on the mechanisms underlying the hypolipidemic activity of OLE and, specifically, on the role of PPARα activation in the OLE-induced effect. Theoretical approach using Molecular Docking Simulations and luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that OLE is a ligand of PPARα. The effect of OLE (100 mg/kg, p.o., per day, ×6 weeks) on serum triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels was also assessed in adult male wild-type and Ppara-null mice. Molecular Docking Simulations, Luciferase reporter gene assay and gene expression analysis indicated that OLE is a PPARα agonist that up-regulates several PPARα target genes in the liver. This effect was associated with a significant reduction of serum TG and cholesterol levels. In contrast, OLE had no effect in Ppara-null mice, indicating a direct involvement of PPARα in the OLE-induced serum TG and cholesterol reduction. Activation of hormone-sensitive lipase in the white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver of wild-type mice and up-regulation of several hepatic factors involved in TG uptake, transport, metabolism and clearance may also contribute in the OLE-induced TG reduction. In summary, OLE has a beneficial effect on TG homeostasis via PPARα activation. OLE also activates the hormone sensitive lipase in the WAT and liver and up-regulates several hepatic genes with essential roles in TG homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Malliou
- University of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA
| | - Antigone Lazou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Biology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Eva Xepapadaki
- University of Patras, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Rio, Greece
| | - Ioanna Vallianou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Biology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - George Lambrinidis
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Mikros
- National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Pharmacy, Athens, Greece
| | - Marios Marselos
- University of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece
| | | | - Maria Konstandi
- University of Ioannina, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Ioannina GR-45110, Greece.
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Oleuropein Aglycone Protects against MAO-A-Induced Autophagy Impairment and Cardiomyocyte Death through Activation of TFEB. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8067592. [PMID: 29765503 PMCID: PMC5892212 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8067592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated diseases such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders are characterized by increased oxidative stress associated with autophagy dysfunction. Oleuropein aglycone (OA), the main polyphenol found in olive oil, was recently characterized as an autophagy inducer and a promising agent against neurodegeneration. It is presently unknown whether OA can have beneficial effects in a model of cardiac stress characterized by autophagy dysfunction. Here, we explored the effects of OA in cardiomyocytes with overexpression of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). This enzyme, by degrading catecholamine and serotonin, produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which causes oxidative stress, autophagic flux blockade, and cell necrosis. We observed that OA treatment counteracted the cytotoxic effects of MAO-A through autophagy activation, as displayed by the increase of autophagic vacuoles and autophagy-specific markers (Beclin1 and LC3-II). Moreover, the decrease in autophagosomes and the increase in autolysosomes, indicative of autophagosome-lysosome fusion, suggested a restoration of the defective autophagic flux. Most interestingly, we found that the ability of OA to confer cardioprotection through autophagy induction involved nuclear translocation and activation of the transcriptional factor EB (TFEB). Our data provide strong evidence of the beneficial effects of OA, suggesting its potential use as a nutraceutical agent against age-related pathologies involving autophagy dysfunction, including cardiovascular diseases.
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53
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Bonat Celli G, Abbaspourrad A. Tailoring Delivery System Functionality Using Microfluidics. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2018; 9:481-501. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-030117-012545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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54
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Jabalbarezi Hukerdi Y, Fathi MH, Rashidi L, Ganjkhanlou M. The Study of Physicochemical Properties and Nutrient Composition of Mari Olive Leaf Cultivated in Iran. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/nfsr.5.2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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55
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Baldino L, Della Porta G, Osseo LS, Reverchon E, Adami R. Concentrated oleuropein powder from olive leaves using alcoholic extraction and supercritical CO2 assisted extraction. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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56
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Sarica S, Ozdemir D. The effects of dietary oleuropein and organic selenium supplementation in heat-stressed quails on tonic immobility duration and fluctuating asymmetry. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1351325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Senay Sarica
- Department of Animal Science, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Demir Ozdemir
- Vocational School in Technical Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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57
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Lombardo L, Grasso F, Lanciano F, Loria S, Monetti E. Broad-Spectrum Health Protection of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64057-4.00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
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58
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González Arbeláez LF, Ciocci Pardo A, Fantinelli JC, Schinella GR, Mosca SM, Ríos JL. Cardioprotection and natural polyphenols: an update of clinical and experimental studies. Food Funct 2018; 9:6129-6145. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms involved in ischemia–reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa F. González Arbeláez
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares
- CCT-CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de la Plata
- 1900 La Plata
- Argentina
| | - Alejandro Ciocci Pardo
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares
- CCT-CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de la Plata
- 1900 La Plata
- Argentina
| | - Juliana C. Fantinelli
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares
- CCT-CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de la Plata
- 1900 La Plata
- Argentina
| | - Guillermo R. Schinella
- Cátedra de Farmacología Básica
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata
- 1900 La Plata
- Argentina
| | - Susana M. Mosca
- Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares
- CCT-CONICET
- Universidad Nacional de la Plata
- 1900 La Plata
- Argentina
| | - José-Luis Ríos
- Departament de Farmacologia
- Facultat de Farmàcia
- Universitat de València
- 46100 Burjassot
- Spain
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59
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Guo X, Zhang T, Shi L, Gong M, Jin J, Zhang Y, Liu R, Chang M, Jin Q, Wang X. The relationship between lipid phytochemicals, obesity and its related chronic diseases. Food Funct 2018; 9:6048-6062. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on phytochemicals in oils, and summarizes the mechanisms of the anti-obesity effects of these compounds in in vitro studies, animal models, and human trials.
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60
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Fujiwara Y, Tsukahara C, Ikeda N, Sone Y, Ishikawa T, Ichi I, Koike T, Aoki Y. Oleuropein improves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle by promoting the translocation of GLUT4. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 61:196-202. [PMID: 29203961 PMCID: PMC5703779 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on human health are well established, the phenolic compounds in olive oil have been gaining interest. Oleuropein, a major phenolic compound in olives, is known to reduce the blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and rabbits, however, its effect on type 2 diabetes caused by obesity is not clear. The purpose of this study is clarifying the effect of oleuropein on the glucose tolerance in skeletal muscle under the condition of lipotoxicity caused by type 2 diabetes. Oleuropein enhanced glucose uptake in C2C12 cells without insulin. Translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) into the cell membrane was promoted by activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) but not protein kinase B (Akt). Physiological concentration of oleuropein (10 µM) was sufficient to express beneficial effects on C2C12 cells. Oleuropein prevented palmitic acid-induced myocellular insulin resistance. Furthermore, in gastrocnemius muscles of mice fed a high fat diet, oleuropein also induced the GLUT4 localization into cell membrane. These results suggest the possibility of oleuropein to be effective for type 2 diabetes by reducing insulin resistance in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Fujiwara
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate Course of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8601, Japan.,Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8601, Japan
| | - Chisato Tsukahara
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate Course of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8601, Japan
| | - Naoe Ikeda
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate Course of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8601, Japan
| | - Yasuko Sone
- Departments of Health and Nutrition, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 37-1 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0033, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishikawa
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8601, Japan
| | - Ikuyo Ichi
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate Course of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8601, Japan.,Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8601, Japan
| | - Taisuke Koike
- Eisai Food & Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-13-10 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Aoki
- Eisai Food & Chemical Co., Ltd., 2-13-10 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
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61
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Khalili A, Nekooeian AA, Khosravi MB. Oleuropein improves glucose tolerance and lipid profile in rats with simultaneous renovascular hypertension and type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:1011-1021. [PMID: 28347166 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1307834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein mediates most of the beneficial effects of olive products. This study examined the role of oxidative stress in the effects of oleuropein on lipid profile and blood glucose in rats with simultaneous renovascular hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Eight groups (n = 7-9 each) of male Sprague-Dawley rats including a control, a type 2 diabetic, a renovascular hypertensive, a sham, a simultaneously hypertensive diabetic receiving vehicle, and 3 simultaneously hypertensive-diabetic receiving 20, 40, or 60 mg/kg/day oleuropein were used. Four weeks after treatment, blood glucose, lipid profile, and biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured, and glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed. Simultaneously hypertensive diabetic rats had significantly higher blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride and malondialdehyde. They also had lower serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, and impaired glucose tolerance. Oleuropein significantly reduced blood pressure, blood glucose, and serum total cholesterol, LDL-C, triglyceride and malondoaldehyde. It also increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, and improved glucose tolerance. The findings show that the model is associated with impaired glucose tolerance, and adverse lipid profile. They also show that oleuropein, partly by an antioxidant mechanism, improves glucose tolerance and changed lipid profile favorably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Khalili
- a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Karaj 3146883811 , Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Nekooeian
- b Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Research Lab, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 7134845794 , Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Khosravi
- c Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz 7134845794 , Iran
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Chen GF, Xu TH, Yan Y, Zhou YR, Jiang Y, Melcher K, Xu HE. Amyloid beta: structure, biology and structure-based therapeutic development. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:1205-1235. [PMID: 28713158 PMCID: PMC5589967 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 943] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) is produced through the proteolytic processing of a transmembrane protein, amyloid precursor protein (APP), by β- and γ-secretases. Aβ accumulation in the brain is proposed to be an early toxic event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, which is the most common form of dementia associated with plaques and tangles in the brain. Currently, it is unclear what the physiological and pathological forms of Aβ are and by what mechanism Aβ causes dementia. Moreover, there are no efficient drugs to stop or reverse the progression of Alzheimer's disease. In this paper, we review the structures, biological functions, and neurotoxicity role of Aβ. We also discuss the potential receptors that interact with Aβ and mediate Aβ intake, clearance, and metabolism. Additionally, we summarize the therapeutic developments and recent advances of different strategies for treating Alzheimer's disease. Finally, we will report on the progress in searching for novel, potentially effective agents as well as selected promising strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. These prospects include agents acting on Aβ, its receptors and tau protein, such as small molecules, vaccines and antibodies against Aβ; inhibitors or modulators of β- and γ-secretase; Aβ-degrading proteases; tau protein inhibitors and vaccines; amyloid dyes and microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Fang Chen
- VARI-SIMM Center, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, CAS-Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ting-Hai Xu
- VARI-SIMM Center, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, CAS-Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Yan
- VARI-SIMM Center, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, CAS-Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu-Ren Zhou
- VARI-SIMM Center, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, CAS-Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- VARI-SIMM Center, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, CAS-Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Karsten Melcher
- Laboratory of Structural Sciences, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - H Eric Xu
- VARI-SIMM Center, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, CAS-Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Laboratory of Structural Sciences, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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63
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Amini A, Liu M, Ahmad Z. Understanding the link between antimicrobial properties of dietary olive phenolics and bacterial ATP synthase. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:153-164. [PMID: 28322962 PMCID: PMC5884633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The naturally occurring olive phenolics tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), and oleuropein are known to have antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial properties. In the current study, we examined whether the antimicrobial properties of tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, DHPG, and oleuropein were linked to the inhibition of bacterial ATP synthase. Tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, DHPG, and oleuropein inhibited Escherichia coli wild-type and mutant membrane-bound F1Fo ATP synthase to variable degrees. The growth properties of wild-type, null, and mutant strains in presence of above olive phenolics were also abrogated to variable degrees on limiting glucose and succinate. Tyrosol and oleuropein synergistically inhibited the wild-type enzyme. Comparative wild-type and mutant F1Fo ATP synthase inhibitory profiles suggested that αArg-283 is an important residue and olive phenolics bind at the polyphenol binding pocket of ATP synthase. Growth patterns of wild-type, null, and mutant strains in the presence of tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, DHPG, and oleuropein also hint at the possibility of additional molecular targets. Our results demonstrated that ATP synthase can be used as a molecular target and the antimicrobial properties of olive phenolics in general and tyrosol in particular can be linked to the binding and inhibition of bacterial ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amon Amini
- Department of Biochemistry, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
| | - Mason Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA.
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Polyphenols and IUGR pregnancies: Maternal hydroxytyrosol supplementation improves prenatal and early-postnatal growth and metabolism of the offspring. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177593. [PMID: 28545153 PMCID: PMC5435224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol is a polyphenol with antioxidant, metabolism-regulatory, anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory properties. The present study aimed to determine whether supplementing the maternal diet with hydroxytyrosol during pregnancy can improve pre- and early post-natal developmental patterns and metabolic traits of the offspring. Experiment was performed in Iberian sows fed a restricted diet in order to increase the risk of IUGR. Ten sows were treated daily with 1.5 mg of hydroxytyrosol per kg of feed between Day 35 of pregnancy (30% of total gestational period) until delivery whilst 10 animals were left untreated as controls. Number and weight of offspring were assessed at birth, on post-natal Day 15 and at weaning (25 days-old). At weaning, body composition and plasma indexes of glucose and lipids were measured. Treatment with hydroxytyrosol was associated with higher mean birth weight, lower incidence of piglets with low birth weight. Afterwards, during the lactation period, piglets in the treated group showed a higher body-weight than control piglets; such effects were even stronger in the most prolific litters. These results suggest that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol may improve pre- and early post-natal development of offspring in pregnancies at risk of IUGR.
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Samara P, Christoforidou N, Lemus C, Argyropoulou A, Ioannou K, Vougogiannopoulou K, Aligiannis N, Paronis E, Gaboriaud-Kolar N, Tsitsilonis O, Skaltsounis AL. New semi-synthetic analogs of oleuropein show improved anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 137:11-29. [PMID: 28551177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein is a glucosylated seco-iridoid present in olive fruits and leaves. Due to its broad spectrum of biological activities, including anticancer properties, oleuropein has attracted scientific attention for the past 20 years. The promising antiproliferative activity of an olive leaf extract enriched in oleuropein against a series of human cancer cell lines, prompted us to proceed with the semi-synthesis of 51 analogs of oleuropein. Following their initial screening against the estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cell line SKBR3, 7 analogs were shown to display significant cytotoxicity and were further tested against 6 additional solid tumor-derived and leukemic cell lines. The analog with the most promising antitumor activity (24) was selected for more detailed studies. 24 was non-toxic to peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from healthy blood donors when tested at concentrations close to its half maximal inhibitory concentration. In vivo administration of 24 in melanoma-bearing mice resulted in reducing tumor size in a dose-dependent manner and in inducing anti-melanoma-reactive immune responses. Our results suggest that analog 24, emerging from the initial structure of oleuropein, represents a promising lead structure for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinelopi Samara
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikoleta Christoforidou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Christelle Lemus
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Argyropoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Ioannou
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Vougogiannopoulou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Nektarios Aligiannis
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthimios Paronis
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Nicolas Gaboriaud-Kolar
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ourania Tsitsilonis
- Section of Animal and Human Physiology, Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15784, Ilissia, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis, 15771, Zografou, Athens, Greece.
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Oleuropein Protects Cardiomyocyte against Apoptosis via Activating the Reperfusion Injury Salvage Kinase Pathway In Vitro. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2109018. [PMID: 28491103 PMCID: PMC5406737 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2109018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein, the main glycoside present in olives, has been reported to have cardioprotective effect, but the exact mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. This study attempted to clarify the cardioprotective effect of oleuropein against simulated ischemia/reperfusion- (SI/R-) induced cardiomyocyte injury in vitro and further explore the underlying mechanism. Here we confirmed that oleuropein reduced the cell injury in neonatal rat cardiomyocyte induced by SI/R evidenced by decreasing MTT dye reduction and LDH activity in the culture medium. Meanwhile, the compound also inhibited reactive oxygen species excessive generation and stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential after SI/R. The flow cytometry assessment results indicated the inhibition of cellular apoptosis with oleuropein treatment. Furthermore, western blot analysis showed that oleuropein attenuated the expression of Cyt-C, c-caspase-3, and c-caspase-9, increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt after SI/R. However, the phosphorylation enhancement was partially abolished in the presence of LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) and U0126 (ERK inhibitor). All these findings indicate that oleuropein has the protective potential against SI/R-induced injury and its protective effect may be partly due to the attenuation of apoptosis via the activation of the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Delgado-Povedano MDM, Priego-Capote F, Luque de Castro MD. Selective ultrasound-enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of oleuropein to its aglycon in olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf extracts. Food Chem 2017; 220:282-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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68
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Exploiting oleuropein for inhibiting collagen fibril formation. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 101:179-186. [PMID: 28300585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Collagen fibrils accumulate in excessive amounts and impair the normal functioning of the organ; therefore it stimulates the interest for identifying the compounds that could prevent the formation of fibrils. Herein, inhibition of self-assembly of collagen using oleuropein has been studied. The changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of collagen on interaction with increasing concentration of oleuropein has been studied using techniques like viscosity, UV-vis, CD and FT-IR. The inhibitory effect of oleuropein on fibril formation of collagen was proved using SEM. Circular dichroism and FT-IR spectra elucidates the alterations in the secondary structure of collagen suggesting non-covalent interactions between oleuropein and collagen. The decreased rate of collagen fibril formation also confirms the inhibition in the self-assembly of collagen. Hence, our study suggests that inhibition of the self-assembly process using oleuropein may unfold new avenues to treat fibrotic diseases.
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Hydroxytyrosol ameliorates metabolic, cardiovascular and liver changes in a rat model of diet-induced metabolic syndrome: Pharmacological and metabolism-based investigation. Pharmacol Res 2017; 117:32-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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70
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Andreadou I, Iliodromitis EK, Lazou A, Görbe A, Giricz Z, Schulz R, Ferdinandy P. Effect of hypercholesterolaemia on myocardial function, ischaemia-reperfusion injury and cardioprotection by preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1555-1569. [PMID: 28060997 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolaemia is considered to be a principle risk factor for cardiovascular disease, having direct negative effects on the myocardium itself, in addition to the development of atherosclerosis. Since hypercholesterolaemia affects the global cardiac gene expression profile, among many other factors, it results in increased myocardial oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation triggered apoptosis, all of which may account for myocardial dysfunction and increased susceptibility of the myocardium to infarction. In addition, numerous experimental and clinical studies have revealed that hyperlcholesterolaemia may interfere with the cardioprotective potential of conditioning mechanisms. Although not fully elucidated, the underlying mechanisms for the lost cardioprotection in hypercholesterolaemic animals have been reported to involve dysregulation of the endothelial NOS-cGMP, reperfusion injury salvage kinase, peroxynitrite-MMP2 signalling pathways, modulation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and apoptotic pathways. In this review article, we summarize the current knowledge on the effect of hypercholesterolaemia on the non-ischaemic and ischaemic heart as well as on the cardioprotection induced by drugs or ischaemic preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning. Future perspectives concerning the mechanisms and the design of preclinical and clinical trials are highlighted. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios K Iliodromitis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary.,Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary.,Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Shi C, Chen X, Liu Z, Meng R, Zhao X, Liu Z, Guo N. Oleuropein protects L-02 cells against H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress by increasing SOD1, GPx1 and CAT expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 85:740-748. [PMID: 27914828 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein (OL), a natural phenolic compound, comprises the major constituent of Olea europea leaves and unprocessed olives, and OL is considered to be the principal components that confer the characteristic taste and stability of olive oil. Oxidative damage induced by H2O2 treatment can irreversibly damage the L-02 cells, resulting in cell death and apoptosis. Whether the effects of oxidative stress could be attenuated in cultured human L-02 cells by incubation with OL is still unknown. In this research, the function of OL in protecting human L-02 cells against H2O2 induced cell death and cell apoptosis was investigated, and the mechanism by which OL underlies the effect was also examed. L-02 cells were exposed to 100μM H2O2 with or without OL pretreatment at different concentrations. Cell viabilities were monitored by WST-1 assay. ALT, AST and LDH production in culture medium were also determined. ROS levels were detected by L-012 chemiluminescence, and OL increased SOD1, CAT and GPx1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Further studies showed that OL also inhibited H2O2-induced P38 and JNK phosphorylation but enhanced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggested that OL as a potent antioxidant agent and a natural compound found in several plants, may be exploited as a potentially useful method for hepatopathy prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shi
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, PR China
| | - Xiangrong Chen
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, PR China
| | - Zuojia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130022, Changchun, PR China
| | - Rizeng Meng
- Jilin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, 130062, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, PR China
| | - Zonghui Liu
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, PR China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, PR China.
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Oleuropein attenuates the progression of heart failure in rats by antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2016; 390:245-252. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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73
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Souilem S, Fki I, Kobayashi I, Khalid N, Neves MA, Isoda H, Sayadi S, Nakajima M. Emerging Technologies for Recovery of Value-Added Components from Olive Leaves and Their Applications in Food/Feed Industries. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-016-1834-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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74
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Liu C, Huang Y. Chinese Herbal Medicine on Cardiovascular Diseases and the Mechanisms of Action. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:469. [PMID: 27990122 PMCID: PMC5130975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the principal cause of death worldwide. The potentially serious adverse effects of therapeutic drugs lead to growing awareness of the role of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Chinese herbal medicine has been widely used in many countries especially in China from antiquity; however, the mechanisms by which herbal medicine acts in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases are far from clear. In this review, we briefly describe the characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine by comparing with western medicine. Then we summarize the formulae and herbs/natural products applied in the clinic and animal studies being sorted according to the specific cardiovascular diseases. Most importantly, we elaborate the existing investigations into mechanisms by which herbal compounds act at the cellular levels, including vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes and immune cells. Future research should focus on well-designed clinic trial, in-depth mechanic study, investigations on side effects of herbs and drug interactions. Studies on developing new agents with effectiveness and safety from traditional Chinese medicine is a promising way for prevention and treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqing Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
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Oi-Kano Y, Iwasaki Y, Nakamura T, Watanabe T, Goto T, Kawada T, Watanabe K, Iwai K. Oleuropein aglycone enhances UCP1 expression in brown adipose tissue in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats by activating β-adrenergic signaling. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 40:209-218. [PMID: 27951473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein is the pungent principle of raw olives. Oleuropein aglycone (OA) is a major phenolic compound in extra virgin olive oil and the absorbed form of oleuropein. We aimed to determine the mechanism underlying the nutritional effects of oleuropein and OA on interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) in rats with high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity by examining the agonistic activity of oleuropein and OA toward the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). Four-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an HF (palm oil 30% wt:wt) diet alone or with oleuropein (HF-O, 1 g/kg diet) for 28 days. In rats fed HF-O compared to HF, urinary noradrenaline, adrenaline and UCP1 levels in IBAT were significantly higher, whereas plasma leptin levels and the total weight of the abdominal cavity adipose tissue were significantly lower. In anaesthetized 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, the OA (3.8 mg of intravenous injection)-induced increase in plasma noradrenaline secretion was suppressed by TRPA1 or TRPV1 antagonist and by a β2- or β3-adrenoceptor antagonist. Furthermore, OA-activated rat and human TRPV1s expressed on HEK293 cells at the same level as zingerone (pungent component in ginger). OA also activated humanTRPA1, and its potency was approximately 10-fold stronger than that for TRPV1. These findings suggest that OA is the agonist of both TRPA1 and TRPV1 and that OA enhances UCP1 expression in IBAT with a concomitant decrease in the visceral fat mass of HF-diet-induced obese rats through enhanced noradrenaline secretion via β-adrenergic action following TRPA1 and TRPV1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Oi-Kano
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Faculty of Home Economics, Kobe Women's University, Suma, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Yusaku Iwasaki
- Division of Integrative Physiology, Department of Physiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Watanabe
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Suruga, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Goto
- Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruo Kawada
- Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kazuo Iwai
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Faculty of Home Economics, Kobe Women's University, Suma, Kobe, Japan
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76
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Oleuropein improves mitochondrial function to attenuate oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Neuropharmacology 2016; 113:556-566. [PMID: 27847271 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Oleuropein (OL) has a variety of biochemical roles, including antihypertensive and antioxidative functions. However, there have been few reports on the effects of OL on oxidative stress in the PVN on hypertension. In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), eight-week administration of 60 mg/kg/day of OL significantly reduced blood pressure, pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) compared with SHR rats treated with saline. Concomitantly, OL inhibited superoxide, and increased the antioxidant defense system in the PVN of SHR. We also found that OL increased mitochondrial biogenesis through mtDNA, PGC-1α, Complex II and Complex IV expression and regulated mitochondrial dynamics through the fusion-related protein Mfn2 and fision-related protein DRP1 to attenuate mitochondrial impairment. Furthermore, the phase II enzyme levels of Nrf2 and its downstream proteins NQO-1 and HO-1 were all markedly increased in the PVN of the OL-treated SHR group compared with the saline-treated SHR rats. Our findings demonstrate that OL administration can protect the PVN of the hypothalamus from oxidative stress by improving mitochondrial function through the activation of the Nrf2-mediated signaling pathway.
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77
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Boudabbous M, Saibi W, Bouallagui Z, Dardouri M, Sayadi S, Belghith H, Mechichi T, Gargouri A. Fast activated charcoal prepurification of Fusarium solani β-glucosidase for an efficient oleuropein bioconversion. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 47:185-191. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2016.1201679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manel Boudabbous
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Walid Saibi
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zouhaier Bouallagui
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mosbeh Dardouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Belghith
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, ENIS, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eucaryotes, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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Esmailidehaj M, Bajoovand S, Rezvani ME, Sherifidehaj M, Hafezimoghadam Z, Hafizibarjin Z. Effect of oleuropein on myocardial dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by ischemic-reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2016; 7:224-230. [PMID: 27816472 PMCID: PMC5192255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have reported antioxidant effect of oleuropein in isolated rat heart. Objective This study was conducted to investigate whether perfusion of isolated rat heart with oleuropein, before induction of ischemia or at the onset of reperfusion, had any effect on the hemodynamic parameters, infarct size and biochemical factors following ischemic – reperfusion injury. Materials and methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: the control groups (Con-P and Con-T groups), O10-P and O50-P groups perfused with 10 and 50 μg/g heart oleuropein 5 min before the induction of ischemia and O10-T and O50-T groups perfused with 10 and 50 μg/g heart oleuropein at the beginning of the reperfusion, respectively. All hearts were subjected to 30 min global ischemia and 90 min reperfusion. Hemodynamic parameters were monitored throughout the experiment. The creatine kinase (CK) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level of coronary outflow were assayed and the infarct size measured at the end of reperfusion. Results We found hemodynamic parameters namely heart rate, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), ±dp/dt and coronary outflow significantly improved in all groups that received oleuropein compared to the control groups. Also, the infarct size was smaller and the coronary outflow levels of CK and MDA were lower in the oleuropein groups compared to the control groups. Conclusions The findings suggest that perfusion of isolated rat heart with oleuropein would lead to improved myocardial dysfunction following ischemic-reperfusion injury. Our findings confirm the antioxidant potential of oleuropein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Esmailidehaj
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Shirin Bajoovand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Sherifidehaj
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zahra Hafezimoghadam
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zeynab Hafizibarjin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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79
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Andreadou I, Mitakou S, Paraschos S, Efentakis P, Magiatis P, Kaklamanis L, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis L, Iliodromitis EK. "Pistacia lentiscus L." reduces the infarct size in normal fed anesthetized rabbits and possess antiatheromatic and hypolipidemic activity in cholesterol fed rabbits. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1220-1226. [PMID: 27316396 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vivo the potential anti-ischemic and antiatheromatic activity of Chios Mastic gum, the resin of the trunk and branches of "Pistacia lentiscus var. chia", used since antiquity in traditional Greek medicine. The main compounds of mastic are triterpenes, possessing phytosterol-like structures. This led to the hypothesis that mastic and particularly its neutral fraction, enriched in phytosterol-like compounds, possess antiatheromatic activities. METHODS Total Mastic Extract without Polymer (TMEWP) and the neutral mastic fraction (NMF) were administered orally for 6 weeks to normal fed and to cholesterol fed rabbits in the form of sunflower oil solution. All the animals were randomly divided into 6 groups, anesthetized and subjected to 30min ischemia of the heart, followed by 3h reperfusion: At the end of the experiment the area at risk and the infarct zone were determined with the aid of fluorescent particles and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, and small segments of the ascending and descending aorta and the heart were taken for histologic examination. Blood samples were collected at different time points of ischemia and reperfusion, for malondialdehyde (MDA) evaluation as an index of lipid peroxidation, for total and LDL cholesterol determination and for evaluation of oxidized LDL. RESULTS In the normal fed animals the NMF and the TMEWP reduced significantly the infarct size, while in the hypercholesterolemic rabbits both treatments were ineffective. Atherosclerosis was detected in all the animals fed cholesterol enriched diet in the form of subintimal accumulation of lipids and foamy macrophages. There was no detection of atherosclerosis in Groups treated with TMEWP and NMF, which both reduced the total cholesterol levels by 47 and 88% respectively, whilst had not effect on LDL oxidation. TMEWP and NMF reduced the MDA concentration in normal fed rabbits, but had no effect on MDA levels in cholesterol fed animals. TMEWP and NMPF reduce the infarct size in normal animals and possess significant antiatheromatic and hypolipidemic activities in rabbits fed cholesterol enriched diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece.
| | - Sofia Mitakou
- Department of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Paraschos
- Department of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Efentakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Prokopios Magiatis
- Department of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios K Iliodromitis
- Second University Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Attikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Rimini 1, 124 62 Athens, Greece
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Saleh Al-Shehabi T, Iratni R, Eid AH. Anti-atherosclerotic plants which modulate the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1068-1081. [PMID: 26776961 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of global death, with atherosclerosis being a major contributor to this mortality. Several mechanisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease. A key element in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions is the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. Under pathophysiologic conditions such as injury, these cells switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype that often possesses high proliferative and migratory capacities. PURPOSE Despite major advances made in the management and treatment of atherosclerosis, mortality associated with this disease remains high. This mandates that other approaches be sought. Herbal medicine, especially for the treatment of CVD, has been gaining more attention in recent years. This is in no small part due to the evidence-based values associated with the consumption of many plants as well as the relatively cheaper prices, easier access and conventional folk medicine "inherited" over generations. Sections: In this review, we provide a brief introduction about the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis then we highlight the role of vascular smooth muscle cells in this disease, especially when a phenotypic switch of these cells arises. We then thoroughly discuss the various plants that show potentially beneficial effects as anti-atherosclerotic, with prime attention given to herbs and plants that inhibit the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION Accumulating evidence provides the justification for the use of botanicals in the treatment or prevention of atherosclerosis. However, further studies, especially clinical ones, are warranted to better define several pharmacological parameters of these herbs, such as toxicity, tolerability, and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuqa Saleh Al-Shehabi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, PO Box 11-0236, Beirut, Lebanon ; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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81
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Polyphenols and secoiridoids in raw material (Olea europaea L. leaves) and commercial food supplements. Eur Food Res Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-016-2756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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82
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Achour I, Arel-Dubeau AM, Renaud J, Legrand M, Attard E, Germain M, Martinoli MG. Oleuropein Prevents Neuronal Death, Mitigates Mitochondrial Superoxide Production and Modulates Autophagy in a Dopaminergic Cellular Model. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081293. [PMID: 27517912 PMCID: PMC5000690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, primarily affecting dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. There is currently no cure for PD and present medications aim to alleviate clinical symptoms, thus prevention remains the ideal strategy to reduce the prevalence of this disease. The goal of this study was to investigate whether oleuropein (OLE), the major phenolic compound in olive derivatives, may prevent neuronal degeneration in a cellular dopaminergic model of PD, differentiated PC12 cells exposed to the potent parkinsonian toxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). We also investigated OLE’s ability to mitigate mitochondrial oxidative stress and modulate the autophagic flux. Our results obtained by measuring cytotoxicity and apoptotic events demonstrate that OLE significantly decreases neuronal death. OLE could also reduce mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species resulting from blocking superoxide dismutase activity. Moreover, quantification of autophagic and acidic vesicles in the cytoplasm alongside expression of specific autophagic markers uncovered a regulatory role for OLE against autophagic flux impairment induced by bafilomycin A1. Altogether, our results define OLE as a neuroprotective, anti-oxidative and autophagy-regulating molecule, in a neuronal dopaminergic cellular model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imène Achour
- Cellular Traffic Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
| | - Anne-Marie Arel-Dubeau
- Cellular Traffic Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
| | - Justine Renaud
- Cellular Traffic Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
| | - Manon Legrand
- Cellular Traffic Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
| | - Everaldo Attard
- Institute of Earth Systems, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta.
| | - Marc Germain
- Cellular Traffic Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
| | - Maria-Grazia Martinoli
- Cellular Traffic Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, U. Laval and CHU Research Center, Québec, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
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Lemonakis N, Mougios V, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis AL, Gikas E. A novel bioanalytical method based on UHPLC-HRMS/MS for the quantification of oleuropein in human serum. Application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:2016-2023. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Lemonakis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Panepistimiopoli Zografou 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Vassilis Mougios
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; 54124 Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Panepistimiopoli Zografou 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Alexios- Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Panepistimiopoli Zografou 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Evagelos Gikas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou; 15771 Athens Greece
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Şimşek T, Altınışık U, Erşan İ, Şahin H, Altınışık B, Erbaş M, Pala Ç. Prevention of intraocular pressure elevation with oleuropein rich diet in rabbits, during the general anaesthesia. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:952. [PMID: 27386396 PMCID: PMC4929104 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2402-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Oleuropein is known to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. An important aim of anesthetic management in ocular surgery is to keep the intraocular pressure under control. Studies have researched a variety of prophylactic materials used to prevent increases in intraocular pressure. We aimed to research the effects of oleuropein on intraocular pressure (IOP) during general anaesthesia. Methods Fourteen New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of seven. The rabbits in Group O were given olive leaf extract (OLE) equivalent to a daily dose of 20 mg/kg oleuropein for 15 days. HPLC method used for oleuropein standardization. For anaesthesia induction 1 mg/kg rocuronium was given and after muscle relaxation all animals had a V-gel Rabbit inserted. Anesthetic maintenance was provided by 1 MAC isoflurane. Twenty minutes after rabbits were given 10 mg/kg ketamine, basal IOP values were measured. After the V-gel rabbit was inserted, in the 5th, 10th, 20th, 25th and 30th minutes measurements were repeated. Results IOP data variation of OLE group was compared with control group and the measured levels were lower in Group O during the anaesthesia. IOP was 33.8 ± 4 mmHg in Group C and 24.1 ± 8 mmHg in Group O in 25th minute and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant at this time. Conclusion We observed that consumption of prophylactic OLE had a reducing effect on IOP in the period before waking in anaesthesia. We believe it is necessary to investigate the effects of OLE on IOP in broad participation patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuncer Şimşek
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Uğur Altınışık
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - İsmail Erşan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Hasan Şahin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Betül Altınışık
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mesut Erbaş
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Medical Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Pala
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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85
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Rigacci S, Stefani M. Nutraceutical Properties of Olive Oil Polyphenols. An Itinerary from Cultured Cells through Animal Models to Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060843. [PMID: 27258251 PMCID: PMC4926377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing interest in the Mediterranean diet hinges on its healthy and anti-ageing properties. The composition of fatty acids, vitamins and polyphenols in olive oil, a key component of this diet, is considered a key feature of its healthy properties. Therefore, it is of significance that the Rod of Asclepius lying on a world map surrounded by olive tree branches has been chosen by the World Health Organization as a symbol of both peace and well-being. This review travels through most of the current and past research, recapitulating the biochemical and physiological correlations of the beneficial properties of olive tree (Olea europaea) polyphenols and their derivatives found in olive oil. The factors influencing the content and beneficial properties of olive oil polyphenols will also be taken into account together with their bioavailability. Finally, the data on the clinical and epidemiological relevance of olive oil and its polyphenols for longevity and against age- and lifestyle-associated pathologies such as cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Rigacci
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
| | - Massimo Stefani
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy.
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86
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Structure of amyloid oligomers and their mechanisms of toxicities: Targeting amyloid oligomers using novel therapeutic approaches. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 114:41-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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87
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Souilem S, Treesuwan W, Kobayashi I, Khalid N, Bouallagui Z, Neves MA, Uemura K, Isoda H, Sayadi S, Nakajima M. Simulation of oleuropein structural conformation in vacuum, water and triolein-water systems using molecular dynamics. Food Res Int 2016; 88:79-90. [PMID: 28847406 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein, the main phenolic compound of olive leaves, exhibits a unique blend of biological activities and has been shown to locate itself at the oil-water (O/W) interface. This behavior could influence the physico-chemical properties of dispersed systems such as emulsions. In this work, we study the effect of the microenvironment (vacuum, water, and triolein-water) on the conformational preferences of oleuropein using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at 300K for at least 30ns. The seven torsions that describe the flexible skeleton of oleuropein were monitored together with the distance between the glucose (Glu) and hydroxytyrosol (Hyd) moieties (dglu-hyd) of the molecule. The obtained trajectories demonstrated that oleuropein adopts different conformations that depend on the environment. The preferential conformers in each system were analyzed for their molecular geometry and internal energy. In vacuum, the oleuropein preferential conformation is tight with the glucose moiety in close proximity with the hydroxytyrosol moiety. In water, oleuropein preferential conformers presented large differences in their structural properties, varying from a close like U form, and a semi-opened form, to an opened form characterized by high fluctuations in dglu-hyd values. In a triolein-water system, oleuropein tends to adopt a more open form where the glucose moiety could be approximately aligned with the hydroxytyrosol and elenolic acid moieties. Based on a calculation at the HF/6-31G* level, these flexibilities of oleuropein required energy of 19.14kcal/mol in order to adopt the conformation between water and triolein-water system. A radial distribution function (RDF) analysis showed that specific hydroxyl groups of Hyd and Glu interact with water molecules, enabling us to understand the amphiphilic character of oleuropein at the triolein-water interface. MD calculations together with interfacial tension measurements revealed that the oleuropein binding at O/W interface is an enthalpy driven mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Souilem
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan; Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba,1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocess, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), B.P. 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Witcha Treesuwan
- Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Isao Kobayashi
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan; Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba,1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Nauman Khalid
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan; Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba,1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zouhaier Bouallagui
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocess, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), B.P. 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Marcos A Neves
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan; Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba,1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Uemura
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba,1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Laboratory of Environmental Bioprocess, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), B.P. 1177, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakajima
- Food Research Institute, NARO, Tsukuba, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan; Alliance for Research on North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba,1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
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Hadrich F, Mahmoudi A, Bouallagui Z, Feki I, Isoda H, Feve B, Sayadi S. Evaluation of hypocholesterolemic effect of oleuropein in cholesterol-fed rats. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 252:54-60. [PMID: 27019295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein, which is the major compound of olive leaves, has been reported to exert several pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, antidiabetic and anti-atherosclerotic activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oleuropein on adiponectin level in high cholesterol diet (HCD) induced obesity in rat and the molecular mechanism underlying its activation. Our results showed that orally administered oleuropein (50 mg/kg) by gavage for 8 weeks decreased the body weight, adipose tissue mass and triglyceride and attenuated steatosis in liver. Moreover, the effect of oleuropein on adiponectin, an important hormone with fatty-acid oxidation properties, was evaluated and our data illustrated that oleuropein supplementation increased serum adiponectin concentration. The effects of oleuropein on protein expression related to lipogenic genes were investigated and our results showed that its administration significantly inhibited peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty-acid synthase (FAS). In addition, oleuropein stimulated the HCD-induced inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in epididymal adipose tissues. These results suggest that oleuropein exerts anti-obesity effects in HCD rats by activating AMPK and suppressing PPAR γ (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) expression in adipose tissues. These data provide that oleuropein has important implications for preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Hadrich
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Laboratoire mixte international (LMI-COSYS-MED), Sfax Biotechnology Center, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
| | - Asma Mahmoudi
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Laboratoire mixte international (LMI-COSYS-MED), Sfax Biotechnology Center, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
| | - Zouhaier Bouallagui
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Laboratoire mixte international (LMI-COSYS-MED), Sfax Biotechnology Center, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
| | - Ines Feki
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Laboratoire mixte international (LMI-COSYS-MED), Sfax Biotechnology Center, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Bruno Feve
- INSERM UMR S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Sami Sayadi
- Environmental Bioprocesses Laboratory, Laboratoire mixte international (LMI-COSYS-MED), Sfax Biotechnology Center, P.O. Box 1177, Sfax, 3038, Tunisia.
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Dal Bosco A, Castellini C, Cardinali R, Mourvaki E, Moscati L, Battistacci L, Servili M, Taticchi A. Olive cake dietary supplementation in rabbit: immune and oxidative status. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Dal Bosco
- Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie Agroambientali e ZootecnicheUniversità di Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Castellini
- Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie Agroambientali e ZootecnicheUniversità di Perugia, Italy
| | - R. Cardinali
- Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie Agroambientali e ZootecnicheUniversità di Perugia, Italy
| | - E. Mourvaki
- Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie Agroambientali e ZootecnicheUniversità di Perugia, Italy
| | - L. Moscati
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, Italy
| | - L. Battistacci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche, Italy
| | - M. Servili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli AlimentiUniversità di Perugia, Italy
| | - A. Taticchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Economico-Estimative e degli AlimentiUniversità di Perugia, Italy
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90
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Uroprotective effect of oleuropein in a rat model of hemorrhagic cystitis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 74:12-7. [PMID: 26905436 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic cystitis is one of the devastating complications seen after receiving cyclophosphamide chemotherapy. Oleuropein is the most important phenolic compound of olive leaves that mediates most of its beneficial pharmacological properties. Herein, we investigated the possible uroprotective effect of oleuropein against cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis in a rat model. For this purpose, we measured bladder nitric oxide, reduced glutathione, catalase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in addition to the bladder gene expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after induction of hemorrhagic cystitis in the presence or absence of oleuropein. Histopathological examination of bladder tissues was also performed. After cyclophosphamide injection, we demonstrated a significant decrease in bladder reduced glutathione (39%) and catalase (55.4%) levels and a significant increase of nitric oxide (5.6 folds), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (3.3 folds), vascular endothelial growth factor (2 folds) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (8 folds) bladder contents when compared to those in normal control rats. Administration of oleuropein induced a marked elevation in bladder reduced glutathione (37.8%), catalase (100.4%) with a prominent reduction of bladder nitric oxide (40%), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (35.9%) and vascular endothelial growth factor (56.2%) levels along with downregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 bladder expression (73.1%) in comparison to cyclophosphamide treated rats levels. Our data demonstrated that oleuropein counteracts the harmful effects of cyclophosphamide on the bladder through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Oleuropein exerts a definite uroprotective effect against cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats.
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91
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Sarıca Ş, Özdemir D, Öztürk H. The Effects of Dietary Oleuropein and Organic Selenium Supplementation on Performance and Heat Shock Protein 70 Response of Brain in Heat-Stressed Quail. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2015.3737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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92
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Chinnarasu C, Montes A, Pereyra C, Casas L, Fernández-Ponce MT, Mantell C, Pattabhi S, Martínez de la Ossa E. Preparation of polyphenol fine particles potent antioxidants by a supercritical antisolvent process using different extracts of Olea europaea leaves. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-015-0166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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93
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Guinda Á, Castellano JM, Santos-Lozano JM, Delgado-Hervás T, Gutiérrez-Adánez P, Rada M. Determination of major bioactive compounds from olive leaf. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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94
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Lemonakis N, Skaltsounis AL, Tsarbopoulos A, Gikas E. Optimization of parameters affecting signal intensity in an LTQ-orbitrap in negative ion mode: A design of experiments approach. Talanta 2015; 147:402-9. [PMID: 26592625 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A multistage optimization of all the parameters affecting detection/response in an LTQ-orbitrap analyzer was performed, using a design of experiments methodology. The signal intensity, a critical issue for mass analysis, was investigated and the optimization process was completed in three successive steps, taking into account the three main regions of an orbitrap, the ion generation, the ion transmission and the ion detection regions. Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol were selected as the model compounds. Overall, applying this methodology the sensitivity was increased more than 24%, the resolution more than 6.5%, whereas the elapsed scan time was reduced nearly to its half. A high-resolution LTQ Orbitrap Discovery mass spectrometer was used for the determination of the analytes of interest. Thus, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol were infused via the instruments syringe pump and they were analyzed employing electrospray ionization (ESI) in the negative high-resolution full-scan ion mode. The parameters of the three main regions of the LTQ-orbitrap were independently optimized in terms of maximum sensitivity. In this context, factorial design, response surface model and Plackett-Burman experiments were performed and analysis of variance was carried out to evaluate the validity of the statistical model and to determine the most significant parameters for signal intensity. The optimum MS conditions for each analyte were summarized and the method optimum condition was achieved by maximizing the desirability function. Our observation showed good agreement between the predicted optimum response and the responses collected at the predicted optimum conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Lemonakis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Anthony Tsarbopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evagelos Gikas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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95
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Olmez E, Vural K, Gok S, Ozturk Z, Kayalar H, Ayhan S, Var A. Olive Leaf Extract Improves the Atherogenic Lipid Profile in Rats Fed a High Cholesterol Diet. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1652-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ercument Olmez
- Celal Bayar University; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology; Manisa Turkey
| | - Kamil Vural
- Celal Bayar University; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology; Manisa Turkey
| | - Sule Gok
- Celal Bayar University; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology; Manisa Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ozturk
- Izmir Ataturk Research Hospital; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology; Izmir Turkey
| | - Husniye Kayalar
- Ege University; Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy; Izmir Turkey
| | - Semin Ayhan
- Celal Bayar University; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology; Manisa Turkey
| | - Ahmet Var
- Celal Bayar University; Faculty of Medicine, Deparment of Medical Biochemistry; Manisa Turkey
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Khalatbary AR, Ghaffari E, Mohammadnegad B. Protective Role of Oleuropein against Acute Deltamethrin-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rat Brain. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2015. [PMID: 26216399 PMCID: PMC4649861 DOI: 10.7508/ibj.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deltamethrin (DM) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that can elicit neurotoxicity, leading to apoptosis. There is accumulating evidence that oleuropein (OE) has anti-apoptotic effect. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-apoptotic effect of OE pretreatment in the neuronal cells of cerebral cortex. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into four groups each containing five rats: DM-treated group (12.5 mg/kg, a single dose), OE-treated group (20 mg/kg per day), DM + OE-treated group, and vehicle group. Sections of the brain were obtained 24 hours after DM injection and studied for histopathological and immunohistochemistry assessment. RESULTS The histopathological assessments showed lesser characteristics of neural degeneration in DM + OE group compared with DM group. Greater Bcl-2 and attenuated Bax expression could be detected in the DM + OE treated-mice compared with DM group. CONCLUSION The results suggested that DM-induced neurotoxicity can be subsided by OE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Khalatbary
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Elmira Ghaffari
- Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Behrooz Mohammadnegad
- Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Topical Application of Oleuropein Induces Anagen Hair Growth in Telogen Mouse Skin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129578. [PMID: 26060936 PMCID: PMC4462586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We observed that oleuropein, the main constituent of the leaves and unprocessed olive drupes of Olea europaea, protected mice from high-fat diet-induced adiposity by up-regulation of genes involved in Wnt10b-mediated signaling in adipose tissue. The activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway is also well established to positively regulate the anagen phase of hair growth cycle in mice skin.
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98
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Mnafgui K, Khlif I, Hajji R, Derbali F, Kraiem F, Ellefi H, Michel T, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis AL, Elfeki A, Gharsallah N, Allouche N. Preventive effects of oleuropein against cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction in Wistar rat through inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme activity. Toxicol Mech Methods 2015; 25:538-46. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2015.1053648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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99
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Cardiac and Vascular Synergic Protective Effect of Olea europea L. Leaves and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Flower Extracts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:318125. [PMID: 26180582 PMCID: PMC4477181 DOI: 10.1155/2015/318125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the cardiovascular effects of an Olea europea L. leaf extract (OEE), of a Hibiscus sabdariffa L. flower extract (HSE), and of their 13 : 2 w/w mixture in order to assess their cardiac and vascular activity. Both extracts were fully characterized in their bioactive compounds by HPLC-MS/MS analysis. The study was performed using primary vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) to investigate the antioxidant and cytoprotective effect of the extracts and their mixture and isolated guinea-pig left and right atria and aorta to evaluate the inotropic and chronotropic activities and vasorelaxant properties. In cultured HUVECs, OEE and HSE reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species formation and improved cell viability, following oxidative stress in dose-dependent manner. OEE and HSE exerted negative inotropic and vasorelaxant effects without any chronotropic property. Interestingly, the mixture exerted higher cytoprotective effects and antioxidant activities. Moreover, the mixture exerted an inotropic effect similar to each single extract, while it revealed an intrinsic negative chronotropic activity different from the single extract; its relaxant activity was higher than that of each single extract. In conclusion OEE and HSE mixture has a good potential for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical application, thanks to the synergistic effects of the single phytochemicals.
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100
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Baharvand B, Esmailidehaj M, Alihosaini J, Bajoovand S, Esmailidehaj S, Hafizie Z. Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Oleuropein on Reperfusion-Induced Arrhythmia in Anesthetized Rat. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 20:41-8. [PMID: 26411972 PMCID: PMC4689281 DOI: 10.7508/ibj.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to reveal that whether i.v. injection of oleuropein, the most potent polyphenolic antioxidant in olive leaf, has any effect on the magnitude of reperfusion arrhythmia in anesthetized rats or not. Methods: Eighty male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups of 10 each: groups 1 and 5 were assigned as the prophylactic and treatment control groups, groups 2 and 6 as the prophylactic and treatment groups with lidocaine (10 mg/kg), groups 3 and 4 as the prophylactic groups with 10 and 50 mg/kg oleuropein (i.v.), and groups 7 and 8 as the treatment groups with 10 and 50 mg/kg oleuropein (i.v.), respectively. Reperfusion injury was induced by 5-min regional ischemia and 15-min reperfusion of left anterior descending coronary artery. Heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram were monitored throughout the procedure. Results: blood pressure was significantly decreased by infusion of 50 mg/kg oleuropein in groups 4 and 8, but unlike the lidocaine as a standard anti-arrhythmic drug in groups 2 and 5 had not significant effect on heart rate. The onset of arrhythmia in groups received oleuropein (groups 3, 4, 7, and 8) was significantly delayed. The mortality rate due to irreversible ventricular fibrillation was also significantly reduced in groups 3, 4, 7, and 8. The effect of lidocaine in groups 2 and 5 was more potent than that in oleuropein group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that i.v. injection of oleuropein possibly through its antioxidant activity reduces the magnitude of reperfusion-induced arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Baharvand
- Heart Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Mansour Esmailidehaj
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Jamileh Alihosaini
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shirin Bajoovand
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Zeynab Hafizie
- Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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