Outcome of posterior urethral valves: to what extent is it improved by prenatal diagnosis?

Posterior urethral valves presented at birth despite normal prenatal ultrasound scans

Most patients with significant posterior urethral valves are identified antenatally. However, even with a normal antenatal ultrasound scan, posterior urethral valves may be detected after birth. We present a patient with significant upper urinary tract involvement identified 2 days after birth, despite a normal third-trimester antenatal ultrasound scan.

Posterior urethral valves: pre- and postnatal management

Posterior urethral valves are a common problem encountered by pediatric urologists. The diagnosis is most frequently suggested by antenatal screening ultrasound. A variety of pre- and postnatal parameters have been identified to aid in predicting ultimate renal outcome. These prognostic tools are invaluable to the clinician for counseling parents and for choosing appropriate management. Several approaches to the treatment of patients with posterior urethral valves exist, and the ideal strategy is debatable. As technology evolves, more options for early intervention become available. Whether early detection and antenatal intervention improve patient outcome remains to be proven.