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Delloye-Bourgeois C, Goldschneider D, Paradisi A, Therizols G, Belin S, Hacot S, Rosa-Calatrava M, Scoazec JY, Diaz JJ, Bernet A, Mehlen P. Nucleolar localization of a netrin-1 isoform enhances tumor cell proliferation. Sci Signal 2012; 5:ra57. [PMID: 22871610 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Netrin-1 displays proto-oncogenic activity in several cancers, which is thought to be due to the ability of this secreted cue to stimulate survival when bound to its receptors. We showed that in contrast to full-length, secreted netrin-1, some cancer cells produced a truncated intranuclear form of netrin-1 (ΔN-netrin-1) through an alternative internal promoter. Because of a nucleolar localization signal located in its carboxyl terminus, ΔN-netrin-1 was targeted to the nucleolus, where it interacted with nucleolar proteins, affected nucleolar ultrastructure, and interacted with the promoters of ribosomal genes. Moreover, ΔN-netrin-1 stimulated cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Thus, some cancer cells produce not only a full-length, secreted form of netrin-1 that promotes cell survival but also a truncated netrin-1 that stimulates cell proliferation, potentially by enhancing ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Delloye-Bourgeois
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée La Ligue, LabEx DEVweCAN, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
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Wu X, Li Y, Wan X, Kayira TM, Cao R, Ju X, Zhu X, Zhao G. Down-regulation of neogenin accelerated glioma progression through promoter Methylation and its overexpression in SHG-44 Induced Apoptosis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38074. [PMID: 22666451 PMCID: PMC3362578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dependence receptors have been proved to act as tumor suppressors in tumorigenesis. Neogenin, a DCC homologue, well known for its fundamental role in axon guidance and cellular differentiation, is also a dependence receptor functioning to control apoptosis. However, loss of neogenin has been reported in several kinds of cancers, but its role in glioma remains to be further investigated. Methodology/Principal Findings Western blot analysis showed that neogenin level was lower in glioma tissues than in their matching surrounding non-neoplastic tissues (n = 13, p<0.01). By immunohistochemical analysis of 69 primary and 16 paired initial and recurrent glioma sections, we found that the loss of neogenin did not only correlate negatively with glioma malignancy (n = 69, p<0.01), but also glioma recurrence (n = 16, p<0.05). Kaplan-Meier plot and Cox proportional hazards modelling showed that over-expressive neogenin could prolong the tumor latency (n = 69, p<0.001, 1187.6±162.6 days versus 687.4±254.2 days) and restrain high-grade glioma development (n = 69, p<0.01, HR: 0.264, 95% CI: 0.102 to 0.687). By Methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP), we reported that neogenin promoter was methylated in 31.0% (9/29) gliomas, but absent in 3 kinds of glioma cell lines. Interestingly, the prevalence of methylation in high-grade gliomas was higher than low-grade gliomas and non-neoplastic brain tissues (n = 33, p<0.05) and overall methylation rate increased as glioma malignancy advanced. Furthermore, when cells were over-expressed by neogenin, the apoptotic rate in SHG-44 was increased to 39.7% compared with 8.1% in the blank control (p<0.01) and 9.3% in the negative control (p<0.01). Conclusions/Significance These observations recapitulated the proposed role of neogenin as a tumor suppressor in gliomas and we suggest its down-regulation owing to promoter methylation is a selective advantage for glioma genesis, progression and recurrence. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis in SHG-44 cells after overexpression of neogenin, indicated that neogenin could be a novel target for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunqian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xilin Wan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tabitha Mlowoka Kayira
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Rangjuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xingda Ju
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (GZ)
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (GZ)
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Coissieux MM, Tomsic J, Castets M, Hampel H, Tuupanen S, Andrieu N, Comeras I, Drouet Y, Lasset C, Liyanarachchi S, Mazelin L, Puisieux A, Saurin JC, Scoazec JY, Wang Q, Aaltonen L, Tanner SM, de la Chapelle A, Bernet A, Mehlen P. Variants in the netrin-1 receptor UNC5C prevent apoptosis and increase risk of familial colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology 2011; 141:2039-46. [PMID: 21893118 PMCID: PMC3221775 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Expression of the netrin-1 dependence receptor UNC5C is reduced in many colorectal tumors; mice with the UNC5C mutations have increased progression of intestinal tumors. We investigated whether specific variants in UNC5C increase risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We analyzed the sequence of UNC5C in blood samples from 1801 patients with CRC and 4152 controls from 3 cohorts (France, United States, and Finland). Almost all cases from France and the United States had familial CRC; of the Finnish cases, 92 of 984 were familial. We analyzed whether CRC segregates with the UNC5C variant A628K in 3 families with histories of CRC. We also performed haplotype analysis to determine the origin of this variant. RESULTS Of 817 patients with familial CRC, 14 had 1 of 4 different, unreported missense variants in UNC5C. The variants p.Asp353Asn (encodes D353N), p.Arg603Cys (encodes R603C), and p.Gln630Glu (encodes Q630E) did not occur significantly more often in cases than controls. The variant p.Ala628Lys (A628K) was detected in 3 families in the French cohort (odds ratio, 8.8; Wald's 95% confidence interval, 1.47-52.93; P = .03) and in 2 families in the US cohort (odds ratio, 1.9; P = .6) but was not detected in the Finnish cohort; UNC5C A628K segregated with CRC in families. Three families with A628K had a 109-kilobase identical haplotype that spanned most of UNC5C, indicating recent origin of this variant in white subjects (14 generations; 95% confidence interval, 6-36 generations). Transfection of HEK293T cells with UNC5C-A628K significantly reduced apoptosis compared with wild-type UNC5C, measured in an assay of active caspase-3. CONCLUSIONS Inherited mutations in UNC5C prevent apoptosis and increase risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-May Coissieux
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory- Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286, University of Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jerneja Tomsic
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Marie Castets
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory- Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286, University of Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Heather Hampel
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43240, USA
| | - Sari Tuupanen
- Department of Medical Genetics Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Ilene Comeras
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43240, USA
| | - Youenn Drouet
- CNRS UMR 5558; Centre Léon Bérard, Unit of Prevention and Genetic Epidemiology, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- CNRS UMR 5558; Centre Léon Bérard, Unit of Prevention and Genetic Epidemiology, Lyon, France
| | - Sandya Liyanarachchi
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Laetitia Mazelin
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory- Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286, University of Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Alain Puisieux
- UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286, Molecular Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Saurin
- UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286; University of Lyon 1, Faculté Grange Blanche, Lyon, France; and Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique, Gastroenterologie, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286; University of Lyon 1, Faculté Grange Blanche, Lyon, France; and Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Service d’Anatomie Pathologique, Gastroenterologie, Lyon, France
| | - Qing Wang
- UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286, Molecular Oncology, Centre Léon Bérard, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lauri Aaltonen
- Department of Medical Genetics Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephan M Tanner
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Albert de la Chapelle
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Agnès Bernet
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory- Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286, University of Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory- Equipe labellisée ‘La Ligue’, UMR INSERM 1052 - CNRS 5286, University of Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
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Jayakumar C, Mohamed R, Ranganathan PV, Ramesh G. Intracellular kinases mediate increased translation and secretion of netrin-1 from renal tubular epithelial cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26776. [PMID: 22046354 PMCID: PMC3202578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Netrin-1 is a laminin-related secreted protein, is highly induced after tissue injury, and may serve as a marker of injury. However, the regulation of netrin-1 production is not unknown. Current study was carried out in mouse and mouse kidney cell line (TKPTS) to determine the signaling pathways that regulate netrin-1 production in response to injury. Methods and Principal Findings Ischemia reperfusion injury of the kidney was induced in mice by clamping renal pedicle for 30 minutes. Cellular stress was induced in mouse proximal tubular epithelial cell line by treating with pervanadate, cisplatin, lipopolysaccharide, glucose or hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. Netrin-1 expression was quantified by real time RT-PCR and protein production was quantified using an ELISA kit. Cellular stress induced a large increase in netrin-1 production without increase in transcription of netrin-1 gene. Mitogen activated protein kinase, ERK mediates the drug induced netrin-1 mRNA translation increase without altering mRNA stability. Conclusion Our results suggest that netrin-1 expression is suppressed at the translational level and MAPK activation leads to rapid translation of netrin-1 mRNA in the kidney tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calpurnia Jayakumar
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Riyaz Mohamed
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | | | - Ganesan Ramesh
- Vascular Biology Center, Georgia Health Sciences University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Clemessy M, Janzer RC, Lhermitte B, Gasc JM, Juillerat-Jeanneret L. Expression of dual angiogenic/neurogenic growth factors in human primary brain tumors. J Neurooncol 2011; 107:29-36. [PMID: 21979892 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-011-0715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors, benign or malignant, are characterized by a very high degree of vascularization. Recent accumulating evidence suggests that during development the neuronal wiring follows the same routes as the vasculature and that these two systems may share some of the same factors for guidance. Thus, expression of dual angiogenic/neurogenic growth factors was evaluated by in situ hybridization in human primary brain tumors of three different types, i.e., astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and ependymomas, of increasing grades, in relation with the grade and type of the tumor. For this evaluation we selected vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and its receptors VEGF-R1 and VEGF-R2 and the neuropilins 1 and 2 (NRP-1 and NRP-2), which have proangiogenic properties, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-beta (PDGF-Rβ), which is required for the functional maturation of blood vessels, the ephrins and their Eph receptors, angiotensinogen (AGT) and thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2), which have potential antiangiogenic properties, and netrin-1 (Net-1), which regulates vascular architecture. We show that the expression of the VEGF-NRP system, PDGF-Rβ, TSP-2, AGT, and Net-1 are differentially regulated, either increased or decreased, in relation with the type and grade of the tumor, whereas regulation of the ephrinB system does not seem to be relevant in these human brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Clemessy
- INSERM U833, Collège-de-France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, Paris, France
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Flores C. Role of netrin-1 in the organization and function of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2011; 36:296-310. [PMID: 21481303 PMCID: PMC3163646 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) neurons and their target cells can be induced throughout life and are important determinants of individual differences in susceptibility to psychopathology. The goal of my research is to gain insight into the nature of the cellularand molecular mechanism underlying the selective plasticity of mesocorticolimbic DA neurons. Here, I review work showing that the guidance cue netrin-1 is implicated in the organization, plasticity and function of mesocorticolimbic DA neurons in rodents. Developmental variations in netrin-1 receptor function result in selective reorganization of medial prefrontal DA circuitry during adolescence and in an adult phenotype protected against schizophrenia-like dopaminergic and behavioural abnormalities. Furthermore, in adulthood, expression of netrin-1 receptors is upregulated by repeated exposure to stimulant drugs of abuse in DA somatodendritic regions and is necessary for drug-induced behavioural plasticity. I propose that risk factors associated with DA-related adult psychiatric disorders alter netrin-1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Flores
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Zhang Y, Janssens SP, Wingler K, Schmidt HHHW, Moens AL. Modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase: a new cardiovascular therapeutic strategy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2011; 301:H634-46. [PMID: 21622818 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01315.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases is associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and/or increased endothelial NO synthase (eNOS)-dependent superoxide formation. These findings support that restoring and conserving adequate NO signaling in the heart and blood vessels is a promising therapeutic intervention. In particular, modulating eNOS, e.g., through increasing the bioavailability of its substrate and cofactors, enhancing its transcription, and interfering with other modulators of eNOS pathway, such as netrin-1, has a high potential for effective treatments of cardiovascular diseases. This review provides an overview of the possibilities for modulating eNOS and how this may be translated to the clinic in addition to describing the genetic models used to study eNOS modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Xie H, Zou L, Zhu J, Yang Y. Effects of netrin-1 and netrin-1 knockdown on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and angiogenesis of rat placenta. Placenta 2011; 32:546-53. [PMID: 21570114 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 04/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important process essential for the development of placenta. Netrin-1 was first discovered in nervous system and was later found to play roles in angiogenesis. In order to better understand the functional relevance of netrin-1 in placental angiogenesis, we investigated the effect of netrin-1 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and rat placenta by employing up-regulation and down-regulation strategies. HUVECs and rat placenta were treated with recombinant netrin-1, and netrin-1 expression in the cells and placenta was reduced by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in vitro and in vivo. The inhibition efficiency was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. The expression of netrin-1 was immunohistochemically located. The results demonstrated that netrin-1 promoted viability, proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs. A strong reduction in cell capability was observed in vitro after netrin-1 expression was inhibited with shRNA. Netrin-1 accelerated neovascularization of placenta in pregnant rats. Suppression of netrin-1 expression in placenta resulted in reduced vascular sprouting in vivo. These findings suggest that netrin-1 is essential for the proper functioning of HUVECs and angiogenesis of rat placenta, and it is involved in the development of placenta and fetus. The proangiogenic effect of netrin-1 might offer an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of vascular disease of placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Wang Q, Zhu J, Zou L, Yang Y. Role of axonal guidance factor netrin-1 in human placental vascular growth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 31:246-250. [PMID: 21505994 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-011-0261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of netrin-1 in placental vascular development. In vitro rat aortic ring assay and in vivo Matrigel plug assay were conducted to exmaine the effect of netrin-1 on angiogenesis. Human placental microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) were isolated and cultured and their viability, migration and tubular formation were studied, in order to examine the effects of netrin-1. The results showed that netrin-1 potently stimulated neovascularization in a mouse Matrigel plug in vivo and the sprouting of endothelial cells in rat aortic rings in vitro. In addition, netrin-1 enhanced the viability, migration and tube formation of HPMECs. Our study suggested that netrin-1 could significantly promote the formation of blood vessels of human placenta and may be a potential target for developing new therapeutic strategies for placental vasculature-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhua Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jianwen Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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Mehlen P, Delloye-Bourgeois C, Chédotal A. Novel roles for Slits and netrins: axon guidance cues as anticancer targets? Nat Rev Cancer 2011; 11:188-97. [PMID: 21326323 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, several genes, proteins and signalling pathways that are required for embryogenesis have been shown to regulate tumour development and progression by playing a major part in overriding antitumour safeguard mechanisms. These include axon guidance cues, such as Netrins and Slits. Netrin 1 and members of the Slit family are secreted extracellular matrix proteins that bind to deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) and UNC5 receptors, and roundabout receptors (Robos), respectively. Their expression is deregulated in a large proportion of human cancers, suggesting that they could be tumour suppressor genes or oncogenes. Moreover, recent data suggest that these ligand-receptor pairs could be promising targets for personalized anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mehlen
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory-Equipe labellisée La Ligue-, CRCL UMR INSERM U1052 CNRS 5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France.
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Abstract
CONTEXT The axon guidance cues netrin-1 is a secreted protein overexpressed in many different cancer tissues. OBJECTIVES To determine whether plasma netrin-1 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker of human cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 300 cancer plasma samples from breast, renal, prostate, liver, meningioma, pituitary adenoma, glioblastoma, lung, pancreatic and colon cancer patients were compared against 138 control plasma samples. Netrin-1 levels were quantified by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Plasma netrin-1 levels were significantly increased in breast, renal, prostate, liver, meningioma, pituitary adenoma, and glioblastoma cancers as compared to control samples. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our results suggest that plasma netrin-1 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for many human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Ramesh
- Department of Medicine/Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
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Pavet V, Portal MM, Moulin JC, Herbrecht R, Gronemeyer H. Towards novel paradigms for cancer therapy. Oncogene 2010; 30:1-20. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Dependence receptors form a family of functionally related receptors which are all able to induce two completely opposite intracellular signals depending on the availability of their ligand. Indeed, in its presence, they mediate a positive, classical signal transduction of survival, differentiation or migration but without it, they trigger a negative signal which leads to cell death. The molecular mechanisms involved in triggering cell death in the absence of ligand are starting to be unravelled: dependence receptors are recruited at well-defined domains at the plasma membrane, they trigger cell death through a monomeric form, they are cleaved by caspases and they recruit a caspase activating complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Thibert
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory, Equipe labellisée La Ligue, Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR5238, Lyon, France.
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