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Meel MH, Sewing ACP, Waranecki P, Metselaar DS, Wedekind LE, Koster J, van Vuurden DG, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. Culture methods of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma cells determine response to targeted therapies. Exp Cell Res 2017; 360:397-403. [PMID: 28947132 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an aggressive type of brainstem cancer occurring mainly in children, for which there currently is no effective therapy. Current efforts to develop novel therapeutics for this tumor make use of primary cultures of DIPG cells, maintained either as adherent monolayer in serum containing medium, or as neurospheres in serum-free medium. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that the response of DIPG cells to targeted therapies in vitro is mainly determined by the culture conditions. We show that particular culture conditions induce the activation of different receptor tyrosine kinases and signal transduction pathways, as well as major changes in gene expression profiles of DIPG cells in culture. These differences correlate strongly with the observed discrepancies in response to targeted therapies of DIPG cells cultured as either adherent monolayers or neurospheres. With this research, we provide an argument for the concurrent use of both culture conditions to avoid false positive and false negative results due to the chosen method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël H Meel
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - A Charlotte P Sewing
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Piotr Waranecki
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dennis S Metselaar
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dannis G van Vuurden
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Anderson JL, Muraleedharan R, Oatman N, Klotter A, Sengupta S, Waclaw RR, Wu J, Drissi R, Miles L, Raabe EH, Weirauch ML, Fouladi M, Chow LM, Hoffman L, DeWire M, Dasgupta B. The transcription factor Olig2 is important for the biology of diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. Neuro Oncol 2017; 19:1068-1078. [PMID: 28339768 PMCID: PMC5570182 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a high-grade brainstem glioma of children with dismal prognosis. There is no single unifying model about the cell of origin of DIPGs. Proliferating cells in the developing human and mouse pons, the site of DIPGs, express neural stem/progenitor cell (NPC) markers, including Sox2, nestin, vimentin, Olig2, and glial fibrillary acidic protein, in an overlapping and non-overlapping manner, suggesting progenitor cell heterogeneity in the pons. It is thought that during a restricted window of postnatal pons development, a differentiation block caused by genetic/epigenetic changes leads to unrestrained progenitor proliferation and DIPG development. Nearly 80% of DIPGs harbor a mutation in the H3F3A or the related HIST1H3B gene. Supporting the impaired differentiation model, NPCs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells expressing the H3F3A mutation showed complete differentiation block. However, the mechanisms regulating an altered differentiation program in DIPG are unknown. Methods We established syngeneic serum-dependent and independent primary DIPG lines, performed molecular characterization of DIPG lines in vitro and in an orthotopic xenograft model, and used small hairpin RNA to examine Olig2 function in DIPG. Results The transcription factor Olig2 is highly expressed in 70%-80% of DIPGs. Here we report that Olig2 expression and DIPG differentiation are mutually exclusive events in vitro, and only DIPG cells that retained Olig2 in vitro formed robust Olig2-positive brainstem glioma with 100% penetrance in a xenograft model. Conclusion Our results indicate Olig2 as an onco-requisite factor in DIPG and propose investigation of Olig2 target genes as novel candidates in DIPG therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Anderson
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Ranjithmenon Muraleedharan
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Nicole Oatman
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Amanda Klotter
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Satarupa Sengupta
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Ronald R Waclaw
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Jianqiang Wu
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Rachid Drissi
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Lili Miles
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Eric H Raabe
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Matthew L Weirauch
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Maryam Fouladi
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Lionel M Chow
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Lindsey Hoffman
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
| | - Mariko DeWire
- Division of Oncology (J.L.A., R.M., N.O., A.L., S.S., R.D., M.F., L.M.C., L.H., M.D., B.D.), Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology (R.R.W., J.W.), Pathology (L.M.), Developmental Biology, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio (M.L.W.); Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (E.H.R.), Nemours Children’s Hospital, Orlando, Florida (L.M.)
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Nagaraja S, Vitanza NA, Woo PJ, Taylor KR, Liu F, Zhang L, Li M, Meng W, Ponnuswami A, Sun W, Ma J, Hulleman E, Swigut T, Wysocka J, Tang Y, Monje M. Transcriptional Dependencies in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:635-652.e6. [PMID: 28434841 PMCID: PMC5462626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a fatal pediatric cancer with limited therapeutic options. The majority of cases of DIPG exhibit a mutation in histone-3 (H3K27M) that results in oncogenic transcriptional aberrancies. We show here that DIPG is vulnerable to transcriptional disruption using bromodomain inhibition or CDK7 blockade. Targeting oncogenic transcription through either of these methods synergizes with HDAC inhibition, and DIPG cells resistant to HDAC inhibitor therapy retain sensitivity to CDK7 blockade. Identification of super-enhancers in DIPG provides insights toward the cell of origin, highlighting oligodendroglial lineage genes, and reveals unexpected mechanisms mediating tumor viability and invasion, including potassium channel function and EPH receptor signaling. The findings presented demonstrate transcriptional vulnerabilities and elucidate previously unknown mechanisms of DIPG pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Nagaraja
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Pamelyn J Woo
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kathryn R Taylor
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Anitha Ponnuswami
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wenchao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tomek Swigut
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joanna Wysocka
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA
| | - Yujie Tang
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China; Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA.
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57
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Miyahara H, Yadavilli S, Natsumeda M, Rubens JA, Rodgers L, Kambhampati M, Taylor IC, Kaur H, Asnaghi L, Eberhart CG, Warren KE, Nazarian J, Raabe EH. The dual mTOR kinase inhibitor TAK228 inhibits tumorigenicity and enhances radiosensitization in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. Cancer Lett 2017; 400:110-116. [PMID: 28450157 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an invasive and treatment-refractory pediatric brain tumor. Primary DIPG tumors harbor a number of mutations including alterations in PTEN, AKT, and PI3K and exhibit activation of mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 and 2 (mTORC1/2). mTORC1/2 regulate protein translation, cell growth, survival, invasion, and metabolism. Pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 is minimally effective in DIPG. However, the activity of dual TORC kinase inhibitors has not been examined in this tumor type. Nanomolar levels of the mTORC1/2 inhibitor TAK228 reduced expression of p-AKTS473 and p-S6S240/244 and suppressed the growth of DIPG lines JHH-DIPG1, SF7761, and SU-DIPG-XIII. TAK228 induced apoptosis in DIPG cells and cooperated with radiation to further block proliferation and enhance apoptosis. TAK228 monotherapy inhibited the tumorigenicity of a murine orthotopic model of DIPG, more than doubling median survival (p = 0.0017) versus vehicle. We conclude that dual mTOR inhibition is a promising potential candidate for DIPG treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Miyahara
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sridevi Yadavilli
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia 20010, USA
| | - Manabu Natsumeda
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Rubens
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Louis Rodgers
- National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Madhuri Kambhampati
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia 20010, USA
| | - Isabella C Taylor
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura Asnaghi
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katherine E Warren
- National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Javad Nazarian
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, District of Columbia 20010, USA; Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - Eric H Raabe
- Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Pediatric Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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