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Du M, Zhao W, Cui T, Duan D. Compressed superhydrides: the road to room temperature superconductivity. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:173001. [PMID: 35078164 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac4eaf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature superconductivity has been a long-held dream and an area of intensive research. The discovery of H3S and LaH10under high pressure, with superconducting critical temperatures (Tc) above 200 K, sparked a race to find room temperature superconductors in compressed superhydrides. In recent groundbreaking work, room-temperature superconductivity of 288 K was achieved in carbonaceous sulfur hydride at 267 GPa. Here, we describe the important attempts of hydrides in the process of achieving room temperature superconductivity in decades, summarize the main characteristics of high-temperature hydrogen-based superconductors, such as hydrogen structural motifs, bonding features, electronic structure as well as electron-phonon coupling etc. This work aims to provide an up-to-date summary of several type hydrogen-based superconductors based on the hydrogen structural motifs, including covalent superhydrides, clathrate superhydrides, layered superhydrides, and hydrides containing isolated H atom, H2and H3molecular units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Du
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wendi Zhao
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Cui
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Defang Duan
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The achievement of new bonding patterns of atoms in compounds is of great importance, which usually induces interesting physical and chemical properties. Rich oxidation states, diverse bonding types, and unique aurophilic attraction endow gold (Au) as a distinctive element. Here we report that a pressure-induced Li5AuP2, identified by a swarm intelligence-based structural prediction, becomes the first example of Au with sp3 hybridization. The most remarkable feature of Li5AuP2 is that it contains various frameworks made by AuP4, AuLi4, LiP4, and blende-like Li-P units, exhibiting noncentrosymmetry. The charge transfer from Li to Au makes Au 6p orbitals activate and hybridize with the 6s one. On the other hand, Li donating electrons to P and polar Au-P covalence make the constituent atoms satisfy the octet rule, rendering Li5AuP2 with a semiconducting character and a large second-order nonlinear optical response in the near-infrared region. Our work represents a significant step toward extending the understanding of gold chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xin Du
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yadong Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zeng Yang
- High School Attached to Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Guochun Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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53
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Xu M, Li Y, Ma Y. Materials by design at high pressures. Chem Sci 2022; 13:329-344. [PMID: 35126967 PMCID: PMC8729811 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04239d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure, a fundamental thermodynamic variable, can generate two essential effects on materials. First, pressure can create new high-pressure phases via modification of the potential energy surface. Second, pressure can produce new compounds with unconventional stoichiometries via modification of the compositional landscape. These new phases or compounds often exhibit exotic physical and chemical properties that are inaccessible at ambient pressure. Recent studies have established a broad scope for developing materials with specific desired properties under high pressure. Crystal structure prediction methods and first-principles calculations can be used to design materials and thus guide subsequent synthesis plans prior to any experimental work. A key example is the recent theory-initiated discovery of the record-breaking high-temperature superhydride superconductors H3S and LaH10 with critical temperatures of 200 K and 260 K, respectively. This work summarizes and discusses recent progress in the theory-oriented discovery of new materials under high pressure, including hydrogen-rich superconductors, high-energy-density materials, inorganic electrides, and noble gas compounds. The discovery of the considered compounds involved substantial theoretical contributions. We address future challenges facing the design of materials at high pressure and provide perspectives on research directions with significant potential for future discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Xu
- Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials Design and Application, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Yinwei Li
- Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials Design and Application, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Yanming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & International Center for Computational Method and Software, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
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54
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Cui Z, Zhang XH, Sun Y, Liu Y, Yang G. Prediction of Novel Boron-carbon Based Clathrates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16884-16890. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01783k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Clathrates are inclusion compounds featured with host framework cages and trapped guest atoms or small molecules. Recently, the first boron-carbon (B-C) clathrate SrB3C3 was successfully synthesized at high pressures near...
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Guan PW, Hemley RJ, Viswanathan V. Combining pressure and electrochemistry to synthesize superhydrides. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2110470118. [PMID: 34753821 PMCID: PMC8609654 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110470118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, superhydrides have been computationally identified and subsequently synthesized with a variety of metals at very high pressures. In this work, we evaluate the possibility of synthesizing superhydrides by uniquely combining electrochemistry and applied pressure. We perform computational searches using density functional theory and particle swarm optimization calculations over a broad range of pressures and electrode potentials. Using a thermodynamic analysis, we construct pressure-potential phase diagrams and provide an alternate synthesis concept, pressure-potential ([Formula: see text]), to access phases having high hydrogen content. Palladium-hydrogen is a widely studied material system with the highest hydride phase being Pd3H4 Most strikingly for this system, at potentials above hydrogen evolution and ∼ 300 MPa pressure, we find the possibility to make palladium superhydrides (e.g., PdH10). We predict the generalizability of this approach for La-H, Y-H, and Mg-H with 10- to 100-fold reduction in required pressure for stabilizing phases. In addition, the [Formula: see text] strategy allows stabilizing additional phases that cannot be done purely by either pressure or potential and is a general approach that is likely to work for synthesizing other hydrides at modest pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Wen Guan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Russell J Hemley
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213;
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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56
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Bi T, Zurek E. Electronic Structure and Superconductivity of Compressed Metal Tetrahydrides. Chemistry 2021; 27:14858-14870. [PMID: 34469606 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tetrahydrides crystallizing in the ThCr2 Si2 structure type have been predicted to become stable for a plethora of metals under pressure, and some have recently been synthesized. Through detailed first-principles investigations we show that the metal atoms within these I 4 / m m m symmetry MH4 compounds may be divalent, trivalent or tetravalent. The valence of the metal atom and its radius govern the bonding and electronic structure of these phases, and their evolution under pressure. The factors important for enhancing superconductivity include a large number of hydrogenic states at the Fermi level, and the presence of quasi-molecular H 2 δ - units whose bonds have been stretched and weakened (but not broken) via electron transfer from the electropositive metal, and via a Kubas-like interaction with the metal. Analysis of the microscopic mechanism of superconductivity in MgH4 , ScH4 and ZrH4 reveals that phonon modes involving a coupled libration and stretch of the H 2 δ - units leading to the formation of more complex hydrogenic motifs are important contributors towards the electron phonon coupling mechanism. In the divalent hydride MgH4 , modes associated with motions of the hydridic hydrogen atoms are also key contributors, and soften substantially at lower pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Bi
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
| | - Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-3000, USA
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57
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Yang G. Superconducting ternary hydrides under high pressure. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University Changchun China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China
| | - Guochun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology and Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and Key Laboratory for UV Light‐Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University Changchun China
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58
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Zhao K, Yu H, Yang Q, Li W, Han F, Liu H, Zhang S. Emerging Yttrium Phosphides with Tetrahedron Phosphorus and Superconductivity under High Pressures. Chemistry 2021; 27:17420-17427. [PMID: 34609031 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Metal phosphides have triggered growing interest for their exotic structures and striking properties. Hence, within advanced structure search and first-principle calculations, several unprecedented Y-P compounds (e. g., Y3 P, Y2 P, Y3 P2 , Y2 P3 , YP2 , and YP3 ) were identified under compression. Interestingly, as phosphorus content increases, P atoms exhibit diverse behaviors corresponding to standalone anion, dumbbell, zigzag chain, planar sheet, crossing chain-like network, buckled layer, three-dimensional framework, and wrinkled layer. Particularly, Fd-3m YP2 can be viewed as assemblage of diamond-like Y structure and rare vertex-sharing tetrahedral P4 units. Impressively, electron-phonon coupling (EPC) calculations elucidate that Pm-3m Y3 P possesses the highest superconducting critical temperature Tc of 10.2 K among binary transition metal phosphides. Remarkably, the EPC of Pm-3m Y3 P mainly arises from the contribution of low-frequency soft phonon modes, whereas mid-frequency phonon modes of Fd-3m YP2 dominate. These results strengthen knowledge of metal phosphides and pave a way for seeking superconductive transition metal phosphides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Fanjunjie Han
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- International Center for Computational Method & Software and, State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.,Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Shoutao Zhang
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research and, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and, Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
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59
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Lamichhane A, Kumar R, Ahart M, Salke NP, Dasenbrock-Gammon N, Snider E, Meng Y, Lavina B, Chariton S, Prakapenka VB, Somayazulu M, Dias RP, Hemley RJ. X-ray diffraction and equation of state of the C-S-H room-temperature superconductor. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:114703. [PMID: 34551552 DOI: 10.1063/5.0064750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray diffraction indicates that the structure of the recently discovered carbonaceous sulfur hydride (C-S-H) room-temperature superconductor is derived from previously established van der Waals compounds found in the H2S-H2 and CH4-H2 systems. Crystals of the superconducting phase were produced by a photochemical synthesis technique, leading to the superconducting critical temperature Tc of 288 K at 267 GPa. X-ray diffraction patterns measured from 124 to 178 GPa, within the pressure range of the superconducting phase, are consistent with an orthorhombic structure derived from the Al2Cu-type determined for (H2S)2H2 and (CH4)2H2 that differs from those predicted and observed for the S-H system at these pressures. The formation and stability of the C-S-H compound can be understood in terms of the close similarity in effective volumes of the H2S and CH4 components, and denser carbon-bearing S-H phases may form at higher pressures. The results are crucial for understanding the very high superconducting Tc found in the C-S-H system at megabar pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Lamichhane
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Ravhi Kumar
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Muhtar Ahart
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Nilesh P Salke
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | | | - Elliot Snider
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - Yue Meng
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Barbara Lavina
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Maddury Somayazulu
- HPCAT, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ranga P Dias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - Russell J Hemley
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
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60
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Liao Y, Shi X, Ouyang T, Li J, Zhang C, Tang C, He C, Zhong J. New Two-Dimensional Wide Band Gap Hydrocarbon Insulator by Hydrogenation of a Biphenylene Sheet. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:8889-8896. [PMID: 34498878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Based on first-principles calculations, the ground state configuration (Cmma-CH) of a hydrogenated biphenylene sheet ( Science 2021, 372, 852) is carefully identified from hundreds of possible candidates generated by RG2 code ( Phys. Rev. B. 2018, 97, 014104). Cmma-CH contains four inequivalent benzene molecules in its crystalline cell due to its Cmma symmetry. Hydrogen atoms bond to carbon atoms in each benzene with a boat-like (DDUDDU) up/down sequence and reversed boat-1 (UUDUUD) sequence in adjacent benzene rings. Cmma-CH is energetically less stable than the proposed allotropes of hydrogenated graphene, but the formation energy for hydrogenating a biphenylene sheet is remarkably lower than that for hydrogenating graphene to graphane. Our results of mechanical and dynamical stability also confirm that Cmma-CH is a stable 2D hydrocarbon, which is expected to be realized experimentally. Especially, biphenylene undergoes a transition from normal metal to a wide band gap insulator (4.645 eV) by hydrogenation to Cmma-CH, which has potential applications in nanodevices at elevated temperatures and high voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
| | - XiZhi Shi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Tao Ouyang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Chao Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Chaoyu He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Zhong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, Laboratory for Quantum Engineering and Micro-Nano Energy Technology and School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, P. R. China
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61
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Belli F, Novoa T, Contreras-García J, Errea I. Strong correlation between electronic bonding network and critical temperature in hydrogen-based superconductors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5381. [PMID: 34531389 PMCID: PMC8446067 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25687-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
By analyzing structural and electronic properties of more than a hundred predicted hydrogen-based superconductors, we determine that the capacity of creating an electronic bonding network between localized units is key to enhance the critical temperature in hydrogen-based superconductors. We define a magnitude named as the networking value, which correlates with the predicted critical temperature better than any other descriptor analyzed thus far. By classifying the studied compounds according to their bonding nature, we observe that such correlation is bonding-type independent, showing a broad scope and generality. Furthermore, combining the networking value with the hydrogen fraction in the system and the hydrogen contribution to the density of states at the Fermi level, we can predict the critical temperature of hydrogen-based compounds with an accuracy of about 60 K. Such correlation is useful to screen new superconducting compounds and offers a deeper understating of the chemical and physical properties of hydrogen-based superconductors, while setting clear paths for chemically engineering their critical temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Belli
- grid.482265.f0000 0004 1762 5146Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Fisika Aplikatua Saila, Gipuzkoako Ingeniaritza Eskola, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Trinidad Novoa
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique (LCT), Sorbonne Université CNRS, Paris, France
| | - J. Contreras-García
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique (LCT), Sorbonne Université CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Ion Errea
- grid.482265.f0000 0004 1762 5146Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain ,grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Fisika Aplikatua Saila, Gipuzkoako Ingeniaritza Eskola, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain ,grid.452382.a0000 0004 1768 3100Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
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62
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Chen W, Semenok DV, Huang X, Shu H, Li X, Duan D, Cui T, Oganov AR. High-Temperature Superconducting Phases in Cerium Superhydride with a T_{c} up to 115 K below a Pressure of 1 Megabar. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:117001. [PMID: 34558917 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.117001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The discoveries of high-temperature superconductivity in H_{3}S and LaH_{10} have excited the search for superconductivity in compressed hydrides, finally leading to the first discovery of a room-temperature superconductor in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride. In contrast to rapidly expanding theoretical studies, high-pressure experiments on hydride superconductors are expensive and technically challenging. Here, we experimentally discovered superconductivity in two new phases, Fm3[over ¯]m-CeH_{10} (SC-I phase) and P6_{3}/mmc-CeH_{9} (SC-II phase) at pressures that are much lower (<100 GPa) than those needed to stabilize other polyhydride superconductors. Superconductivity was evidenced by a sharp drop of the electrical resistance to zero and decreased critical temperature in deuterated samples and in external magnetic field. SC-I has T_{c}=115 K at 95 GPa, showing an expected decrease in further compression due to the decrease of the electron-phonon coupling (EPC) coefficient λ (from 2.0 at 100 GPa to 0.8 at 200 GPa). SC-II has T_{c}=57 K at 88 GPa, rapidly increasing to a maximum T_{c}∼100 K at 130 GPa, and then decreasing in further compression. According to the theoretical calculation, this is due to a maximum of λ at the phase transition from P6_{3}/mmc-CeH_{9} into a symmetry-broken modification C2/c-CeH_{9}. The pressure-temperature conditions of synthesis affect the actual hydrogen content and the actual value of T_{c}. Anomalously low pressures of stability of cerium superhydrides make them appealing for studies of superhydrides and for designing new superhydrides with stability at even lower pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dmitrii V Semenok
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bldg. 1 Moscow, Russia 121205
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haiyun Shu
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Defang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Artem R Oganov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bldg. 1 Moscow, Russia 121205
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63
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Kong P, Minkov VS, Kuzovnikov MA, Drozdov AP, Besedin SP, Mozaffari S, Balicas L, Balakirev FF, Prakapenka VB, Chariton S, Knyazev DA, Greenberg E, Eremets MI. Superconductivity up to 243 K in the yttrium-hydrogen system under high pressure. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5075. [PMID: 34417471 PMCID: PMC8379216 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of superconducting H3S with a critical temperature Tc∼200 K opened a door to room temperature superconductivity and stimulated further extensive studies of hydrogen-rich compounds stabilized by high pressure. Here, we report a comprehensive study of the yttrium-hydrogen system with the highest predicted Tcs among binary compounds and discuss the contradictions between different theoretical calculations and experimental data. We synthesized yttrium hydrides with the compositions of YH3, YH4, YH6 and YH9 in a diamond anvil cell and studied their crystal structures, electrical and magnetic transport properties, and isotopic effects. We found superconductivity in the Im-3m YH6 and P63/mmc YH9 phases with maximal Tcs of ∼220 K at 183 GPa and ∼243 K at 201 GPa, respectively. Fm-3m YH10 with the highest predicted Tc > 300 K was not observed in our experiments, and instead, YH9 was found to be the hydrogen-richest yttrium hydride in the studied pressure and temperature range up to record 410 GPa and 2250 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Kong
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Mikhail A Kuzovnikov
- Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow District, Russia
| | | | | | - Shirin Mozaffari
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Luis Balicas
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | | | - Vitali B Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dmitry A Knyazev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Eran Greenberg
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Villa-Cortés S, De la Peña-Seaman O. Electron- and hole-doping on ScH 2and YH 2: effects on superconductivity without applied pressure. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:425401. [PMID: 34311454 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac17ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We present the evolution of the structural, electronic, and lattice dynamical properties, as well as the electron-phonon (el-ph) coupling and superconducting critical temperature (Tc) of ScH2and YH2metal hydrides solid solutions, as a function of the electron- and hole-doping content. The study was performed within the density functional perturbation theory, taking into account the effect of zero-point energy through the quasi-harmonic approximation, and the solid solutions Sc1-xMxH2(M = Ca, Ti) and Y1-xMxH2(M = Sr, Zr) were modeled by the virtual crystal approximation. We have found that, under hole-doping (M = Ca, Sr), the ScH2and YH2hydrides do not improve their el-ph coupling properties, sensed byλ(x). Instead, by electron-doping (M = Ti, Zr), the systems reach a critical contentx≈ 0.5 where the latent coupling is triggered, increasingλas high as 70%, in comparison with itsλ(x= 0) value. Our results show thatTcquickly decreases as a function ofxon the hole-doping region, fromx= 0.2 tox= 0.9, collapsing at the end. Alternatively, for electron-doping,Tcfirst decreases steadily untilx= 0.5, reaching its minimum, but forx> 0.5 it increases rapidly, reaching its maximum value of the entire range at the Sc0.05Ti0.95H2and Y0.2Zr0.8H2solid solutions, demonstrating that electron-doping can improve the superconducting properties of pristine metal hydrides, in the absence of applied pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Villa-Cortés
- Instituto de Física, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, 72570, Puebla, México
| | - O De la Peña-Seaman
- Instituto de Física, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, 72570, Puebla, México
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