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Grunin M, Hagbi-Levi S, Rinsky B, Smith Y, Chowers I. Transcriptome Analysis on Monocytes from Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29046. [PMID: 27374485 PMCID: PMC4931446 DOI: 10.1038/srep29046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs), including monocytes/macrophages, play complex roles in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. We reported altered gene-expression signature in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from AMD patients, and a chemokine receptor signature on AMD monocytes. To obtain comprehensive understanding of MP involvement, particularly in peripheral circulation in AMD, we performed global gene expression analysis in monocytes. We separated monocytes from treatment-naïve neovascular AMD (nvAMD) patients (n = 14) and age-matched controls (n = 15), and performed microarray and bioinformatics analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on other sets of nvAMD (n = 25), atrophic AMD (n = 21), and controls (n = 28) for validation. This validated microarray genes (like TMEM176A/B and FOSB) tested, including differences between nvAMD and atrophic AMD. We identified 2,165 differentially-expressed genes (P < 0.05), including 79 genes with log2 fold change ≥1.5 between nvAMD and controls. Functional annotation using DAVID and TANGO demonstrated immune response alterations in AMD monocytes (FDR-P <0.05), validated by randomized data comparison (P < 0.0001). GSEA, ISMARA, and MEME analysis found immune enrichment and specific involved microRNAs. Enrichment of differentially-expressed genes in monocytes was found in retina via SAGE data-mining. These genes were enriched in non-classical vs. classical monocyte subsets (P < 0.05). Therefore, global gene expression analysis in AMD monocytes reveals an altered immune-related signature, further implicating systemic MP activation in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Grunin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira- Hagbi-Levi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Batya Rinsky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoav Smith
- Genomic Data Analysis Unit, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Itay Chowers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Lemoine A, Chauveau-Le Friec G, Langa F, Louvet C. Generation of a Double KO Mouse by Simultaneous Targeting of the Neighboring Genes Tmem176a and Tmem176b Using CRISPR/Cas9: Key Steps from Design to Genotyping. J Genet Genomics 2016; 43:329-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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RORγt+ cells selectively express redundant cation channels linked to the Golgi apparatus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23682. [PMID: 27009467 PMCID: PMC4806298 DOI: 10.1038/srep23682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) is a master transcription factor central to type 17 immunity involving cells such as T helper 17, group 3 innate lymphoid cells or IL-17-producing γδ T cells. Here we show that the intracellular ion channel TMEM176B and its homologue TMEM176A are strongly expressed in these RORγt+ cells. We demonstrate that TMEM176A and B exhibit a similar cation channel activity and mainly colocalise in close proximity to the trans-Golgi network. Strikingly, in the mouse, the loss of Tmem176b is systematically associated with a strong upregulation of Tmem176a. While Tmem176b single-deficiency has no effect on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, T cell or DSS-induced colitis, it significantly reduces imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. These findings shed light on a potentially novel specific process linked to post-Golgi trafficking for modulating the function of RORγt+ cells and indicate that both homologues should be simultaneously targeted to clearly elucidate the role of this intracellular ion flow.
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Bézie S, Picarda E, Ossart J, Martinet B, Anegon I, Guillonneau C. Compensatory Regulatory Networks between CD8 T, B, and Myeloid Cells in Organ Transplantation Tolerance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:5805-15. [PMID: 26553075 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In transplantation tolerance, numerous regulatory populations have the capacity to inhibit allograft rejection; however, their compensatory capacities have never been clearly evidenced. We have previously demonstrated that the tolerogenic effect mediated by CD8(+)CD45RC(low) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in a model of organ transplantation with CD40Ig could be abrogated by permanent depletion of CD8(+) cells that resulted in allograft rejection in half of the recipients. This result demonstrated that CD8(+) Tregs were essential, but also that half of the recipients still survived indefinitely. We also demonstrated that no other regulatory populations, besides CD8(+) Tregs, could induce and maintain allograft tolerance in CD40Ig-treated tolerant animals. In the current study, we analyzed the mechanisms that arose following CD8(+) Treg depletion and allowed establishment of networks of new regulatory cells to maintain allograft survival. We identified regulatory B cells (Bregs) and regulatory myeloid cells (RegMCs) as being responsible of the maintenance of the long-term allograft survival. We demonstrated that both regulatory cell subsets efficiently inhibited antidonor immune responses in adoptively transferred recipients. Although Bregs were induced, they were not essential for the maintenance of the graft as demonstrated in IgM-deficient recipients. In addition, we showed that RegMCs were the most suppressive and acted alone, whereas Bregs activity was associated with increased suppressive activity of other subsets in adoptively transferred recipients. Altogether, to our knowledge, we demonstrated in this study for the first time the emergence of both Bregs and RegMCs following Tregs depletion and highlighted the importance of regulatory cell networks and their synergistic potential in transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Bézie
- INSERM UMR1064-Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie-Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Urologie et Néphrologie, 44093 Nantes, France; andCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Elodie Picarda
- INSERM UMR1064-Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie-Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Urologie et Néphrologie, 44093 Nantes, France; andCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Jason Ossart
- INSERM UMR1064-Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie-Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Urologie et Néphrologie, 44093 Nantes, France; andCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Bernard Martinet
- INSERM UMR1064-Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie-Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Urologie et Néphrologie, 44093 Nantes, France; andCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- INSERM UMR1064-Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie-Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Urologie et Néphrologie, 44093 Nantes, France; andCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Carole Guillonneau
- INSERM UMR1064-Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie-Institut de Transplantation et de Recherche en Urologie et Néphrologie, 44093 Nantes, France; andCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
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Fryer M, Grahammer J, Khalifian S, Furtmüller GJ, Lee WPA, Raimondi G, Brandacher G. Exploring cell-based tolerance strategies for hand and face transplantation. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:1189-204. [DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1078729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
Cross-presentation designates the presentation of exogenous antigens on major histocompatibility complex class I molecules and is essential for the initiation of cytotoxic immune responses. It is now well established that dendritic cells (DCs) are the best cross-presenting cells. In this chapter, we will discuss recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cross-presentation. We will also describe the different DC subsets identified in mouse and human, and their functional specialization for cross-presentation. Finally, we will summarize the current knowledge of the role of cross-presentation in pathological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Segura
- Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 05, France; INSERM U932, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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The MS4A family: counting past 1, 2 and 3. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 94:11-23. [PMID: 25835430 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The MS4A (membrane-spanning 4-domain family, subfamily A) family of proteins contains some well-known members including MS4A1 (CD20), MS4A2 (FcɛRIβ) and MS4A3 (HTm4). These three MS4A family members are expressed on the cell surface of specific leukocyte subsets and have been well characterized as having key roles in regulating cell activation, growth and development. However, beyond MS4A1-3 there are a large number of related molecules (18 to date in humans) where our understanding of their biological roles is at a relatively nascent stage. This review examines the larger MS4A family focusing on their structure, expression, regulation and characterized and/or emerging biological roles. Our own work on one family member MS4A8B, and its possible role in epithelial cell regulation, is also highlighted.
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Orchestration of transplantation tolerance by regulatory dendritic cell therapy or in-situ targeting of dendritic cells. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2015; 19:348-56. [PMID: 24926700 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Extensive research in murine transplant models over the past two decades has convincingly demonstrated the ability of regulatory dendritic cells (DCregs) to promote long-term allograft survival. We review important considerations regarding the source of therapeutic DCregs (donor or recipient) and their mode of action, in-situ targeting of DCregs, and optimal therapeutic regimens to promote DCreg function. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have defined protocols and mechanisms whereby ex-vivo-generated DCregs of donor or recipient origin subvert allogeneic T-cell responses and promote long-term organ transplant survival. Particular interest has focused on how donor antigen is acquired, processed and presented by autologous dendritic cells, on the stability of DCregs, and on in-situ targeting of dendritic cells to promote their tolerogenic function. New evidence of the therapeutic efficacy of DCregs in a clinically relevant nonhuman primate organ transplant model and production of clinical grade DCregs support early evaluation of DCreg therapy in human graft recipients. SUMMARY We discuss strategies currently used to promote dendritic cell tolerogenicity, including DCreg therapy and in-situ targeting of dendritic cells, with a view to improved understanding of underlying mechanisms and identification of the most promising strategies for therapeutic application.
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Baas MC, Kuhn C, Valette F, Mangez C, Duarte MS, Hill M, Besançon A, Chatenoud L, Cuturi MC, You S. Combining Autologous Dendritic Cell Therapy with CD3 Antibodies Promotes Regulatory T Cells and Permanent Islet Allograft Acceptance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4696-703. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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60
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Morelli AE, Thomson AW. The secret behind non-antigen-pulsed autologous dendritic cell therapy in transplantation. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:989-90. [PMID: 24731225 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A E Morelli
- T.E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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