51
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Nociceptor Signalling through ion Channel Regulation via GPCRs. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102488. [PMID: 31137507 PMCID: PMC6566991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prime task of nociceptors is the transformation of noxious stimuli into action potentials that are propagated along the neurites of nociceptive neurons from the periphery to the spinal cord. This function of nociceptors relies on the coordinated operation of a variety of ion channels. In this review, we summarize how members of nine different families of ion channels expressed in sensory neurons contribute to nociception. Furthermore, data on 35 different types of G protein coupled receptors are presented, activation of which controls the gating of the aforementioned ion channels. These receptors are not only targeted by more than 20 separate endogenous modulators, but can also be affected by pharmacotherapeutic agents. Thereby, this review provides information on how ion channel modulation via G protein coupled receptors in nociceptors can be exploited to provide improved analgesic therapy.
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Murray JK, Wu B, Tegley CM, Nixey TE, Falsey JR, Herberich B, Yin L, Sham K, Long J, Aral J, Cheng Y, Netirojjanakul C, Doherty L, Glaus C, Ikotun T, Li H, Tran L, Soto M, Salimi-Moosavi H, Ligutti J, Amagasu S, Andrews KL, Be X, Lin MHJ, Foti RS, Ilch CP, Youngblood B, Kornecook TJ, Karow M, Walker KW, Moyer BD, Biswas K, Miranda LP. Engineering Na V1.7 Inhibitory JzTx-V Peptides with a Potency and Basicity Profile Suitable for Antibody Conjugation To Enhance Pharmacokinetics. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:806-818. [PMID: 30875193 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Drug discovery research on new pain targets with human genetic validation, including the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7, is being pursued to address the unmet medical need with respect to chronic pain and the rising opioid epidemic. As part of early research efforts on this front, we have previously developed NaV1.7 inhibitory peptide-antibody conjugates with tarantula venom-derived GpTx-1 toxin peptides with an extended half-life (80 h) in rodents but only moderate in vitro activity (hNaV1.7 IC50 = 250 nM) and without in vivo activity. We identified the more potent peptide JzTx-V from our natural peptide collection and improved its selectivity against other sodium channel isoforms through positional analogueing. Here we report utilization of the JzTx-V scaffold in a peptide-antibody conjugate and architectural variations in the linker, peptide loading, and antibody attachment site. We found conjugates with 100-fold improved in vitro potency relative to those of complementary GpTx-1 analogues, but pharmacokinetic and bioimaging analyses of these JzTx-V conjugates revealed a shorter than expected plasma half-life in vivo with accumulation in the liver. In an attempt to increase circulatory serum levels, we sought the reduction of the net +6 charge of the JzTx-V scaffold while retaining a desirable NaV in vitro activity profile. The conjugate of a JzTx-V peptide analogue with a +2 formal charge maintained NaV1.7 potency with 18-fold improved plasma exposure in rodents. Balancing the loss of peptide and conjugate potency associated with the reduction of net charge necessary for improved target exposure resulted in a compound with moderate activity in a NaV1.7-dependent pharmacodynamic model but requires further optimization to identify a conjugate that can fully engage NaV1.7 in vivo.
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Wang T, Liu H, Sun JH, Wang L, Zhang JY. Efficacy of intravenous lidocaine in improving post-operative nausea, vomiting and early recovery after laparoscopic gynaecological surgery. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4723-4729. [PMID: 31086606 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a major peri-operative complication. It has numerous adverse consequences that seriously affect the post-operative recovery of patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of intravenous lidocaine in improving PONV and recovery after laparoscopic gynaecological surgery. A total of 40 patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: Group L (lidocaine group) and Group C (control group). The patients in Group L received intravenous lidocaine throughout the operation, while patients in Group C were given a saline infusion. Vital signs, recovery time, extubation time, dosage of remifentanil, first flatus time and defecation time of each patient were recorded. The incidence of PONV after surgery was also recorded. The recovery of the patients was evaluated by using the quality of recovery score (QoR-40). The total dose of remifentanil was significantly lower in Group L (P<0.05). However, the recovery time and extubation time were shorter in Group C (P<0.05). The first flatus time and defecation time were longer in Group C (P<0.05). The mean arterial pressure and heart rate in Group L were lower and more stable (P<0.05). At 6 h after surgery, the incidence of PONV was significantly lower in Group L vs. that in Group C (P<0.05). The QoR-40 score in Group C was significantly lower at 1 and 3 days after the operation compared with that in Group C (P<0.05). In conclusion, intravenous lidocaine administered to patients undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological surgery may reduce PONV and supports their early recovery [trial registration number in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR-IOR-17010782 (March 5, 2017)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Hong Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, P.R. China
| | - Jian You Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, P.R. China
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Cardoso FC, Lewis RJ. Structure-Function and Therapeutic Potential of Spider Venom-Derived Cysteine Knot Peptides Targeting Sodium Channels. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:366. [PMID: 31031623 PMCID: PMC6470632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spider venom-derived cysteine knot peptides are a mega-diverse class of molecules that exhibit unique pharmacological properties to modulate key membrane protein targets. Voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV) are often targeted by these peptides to allosterically promote opening or closing of the channel by binding to structural domains outside the channel pore. These effects can result in modified pain responses, muscle paralysis, cardiac arrest, priapism, and numbness. Although such effects are often deleterious, subtype selective spider venom peptides are showing potential to treat a range of neurological disorders, including chronic pain and epilepsy. This review examines the structure–activity relationships of cysteine knot peptides from spider venoms that modulate NaV and discusses their potential as leads to novel therapies for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Cardoso
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Centre for Pain Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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55
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Gonçalves TC, Benoit E, Kurz M, Lucarain L, Fouconnier S, Combemale S, Jaquillard L, Schombert B, Chambard JM, Boukaiba R, Hessler G, Bohme A, Bialy L, Hourcade S, Béroud R, De Waard M, Servent D, Partiseti M. From identification to functional characterization of cyriotoxin-1a, an antinociceptive toxin from the spider Cyriopagopus schioedtei. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1298-1314. [PMID: 30784059 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The NaV 1.7 channel is highly expressed in dorsal root ganglia of the sensory nervous system and plays a central role in the pain signalling process. We investigated a library prepared from original venoms of 117 different animals to identify new selective inhibitors of this target. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used high throughput screening of a large venom collection using automated patch-clamp experiments on human voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes and then in vitro and in vivo electrophysiological experiments to characterize the active peptides that have been purified, sequenced, and chemically synthesized. Analgesic effects were evaluated in vivo in mice models. KEY RESULTS We identified cyriotoxin-1a (CyrTx-1a), a novel peptide isolated from Cyriopagopus schioedtei spider venom, as a candidate for further characterization. This 33 amino acids toxin belongs to the inhibitor cystine knot structural family and inhibits hNaV 1.1-1.3 and 1.6-1.7 channels in the low nanomolar range, compared to the micromolar range for hNaV 1.4-1.5 and 1.8 channels. CyrTx-1a was 920 times more efficient at inhibiting tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive than TTX-resistant sodium currents recorded from adult mouse dorsal root ganglia neurons and in vivo electrophysiological experiments showed that CyrTx-1a was approximately 170 times less efficient than huwentoxin-IV at altering mouse skeletal neuromuscular excitability properties. CyrTx-1a exhibited an analgesic effect in mice by increasing reaction time in the hot-plate assay. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The pharmacological profile of CyrTx-1a paves the way for further molecular engineering aimed to optimize the potential antinociceptive properties of this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia C Gonçalves
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France.,Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI), UMR CNRS/Université Paris-Sud 9197, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michael Kurz
- Integrated Drug Discovery-Synthetic Molecular Design, Sanofi R&D, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Laetitia Lucarain
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Sophie Fouconnier
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | | | | | - Brigitte Schombert
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean-Marie Chambard
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Rachid Boukaiba
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Gerhard Hessler
- Integrated Drug Discovery-Synthetic Molecular Design, Sanofi R&D, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andrees Bohme
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Laurent Bialy
- Integrated Drug Discovery-Synthetic Molecular Design, Sanofi R&D, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stéphane Hourcade
- Neuroscience Therapeutic Area, Neurodegeneration Research, Sanofi R&D, Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | | | - Michel De Waard
- Smartox Biotechnology, Saint-Egrève, France.,Institut du Thorax, Inserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291, LabEx "Ion Channels, Science and Therapeutics", Nantes, France
| | - Denis Servent
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Michel Partiseti
- Integrated Drug Discovery-High Content Biology, Sanofi R&D, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
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56
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Maatuf Y, Geron M, Priel A. The Role of Toxins in the Pursuit for Novel Analgesics. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11020131. [PMID: 30813430 PMCID: PMC6409898 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a major medical issue which reduces the quality of life of millions and inflicts a significant burden on health authorities worldwide. Currently, management of chronic pain includes first-line pharmacological therapies that are inadequately effective, as in just a portion of patients pain relief is obtained. Furthermore, most analgesics in use produce severe or intolerable adverse effects that impose dose restrictions and reduce compliance. As the majority of analgesic agents act on the central nervous system (CNS), it is possible that blocking pain at its source by targeting nociceptors would prove more efficient with minimal CNS-related side effects. The development of such analgesics requires the identification of appropriate molecular targets and thorough understanding of their structural and functional features. To this end, plant and animal toxins can be employed as they affect ion channels with high potency and selectivity. Moreover, elucidation of the toxin-bound ion channel structure could generate pharmacophores for rational drug design while favorable safety and analgesic profiles could highlight toxins as leads or even as valuable therapeutic compounds themselves. Here, we discuss the use of plant and animal toxins in the characterization of peripherally expressed ion channels which are implicated in pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Maatuf
- The Institute for Drug Research (IDR), School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
| | - Matan Geron
- The Institute for Drug Research (IDR), School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
| | - Avi Priel
- The Institute for Drug Research (IDR), School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
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57
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Peigneur S, de Lima ME, Tytgat J. Phoneutria nigriventer venom: A pharmacological treasure. Toxicon 2018; 151:96-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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58
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Sekiguchi F, Fujita T, Deguchi T, Yamaoka S, Tomochika K, Tsubota M, Ono S, Horaguchi Y, Ichii M, Ichikawa M, Ueno Y, Koike N, Tanino T, Nguyen HD, Okada T, Nishikawa H, Yoshida S, Ohkubo T, Toyooka N, Murata K, Matsuda H, Kawabata A. Blockade of T-type calcium channels by 6-prenylnaringenin, a hop component, alleviates neuropathic and visceral pain in mice. Neuropharmacology 2018; 138:232-244. [PMID: 29913186 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Since Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels (T-channels) expressed in the primary afferents and CNS contribute to intractable pain, we explored T-channel-blocking components in distinct herbal extracts using a whole-cell patch-clamp technique in HEK293 cells stably expressing Cav3.2 or Cav3.1, and purified and identified sophoraflavanone G (SG) as an active compound from SOPHORAE RADIX (SR). Interestingly, hop-derived SG analogues, (2S)-6-prenylnaringenin (6-PNG) and (2S)-8-PNG, but not naringenin, also blocked T-channels; IC50 (μM) of SG, (2S)-6-PNG and (2S)-8-PNG was 0.68-0.75 for Cav3.2 and 0.99-1.41 for Cav3.1. (2S)-6-PNG and (2S)-8-PNG, but not SG, exhibited reversible inhibition. The racemic (2R/S)-6-PNG as well as (2S)-6-PNG potently blocked Cav3.2, but exhibited minor effect on high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and voltage-gated Na+ channels in differentiated NG108-15 cells. In mice, the mechanical allodynia following intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of an H2S donor was abolished by oral or i.p. SR extract and by i.pl. SG, (2S)-6-PNG or (2S)-8-PNG, but not naringenin. Intraperitoneal (2R/S)-6-PNG strongly suppressed visceral pain and spinal ERK phosphorylation following intracolonic administration of an H2S donor in mice. (2R/S)-6-PNG, administered i.pl. or i.p., suppressed the neuropathic allodynia induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation or oxaliplatin, an anti-cancer agent, in mice. (2R/S)-6-PNG had little or no effect on open-field behavior, motor performance or cardiovascular function in mice, and on the contractility of isolated rat aorta. (2R/S)-6-PNG, but not SG, was detectable in the brain after their i.p. administration in mice. Our data suggest that 6-PNG, a hop component, blocks T-channels, and alleviates neuropathic and visceral pain with little side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Fujita
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takahiro Deguchi
- Division of Natural Drug Resources, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Sakura Yamaoka
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Ken Tomochika
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Maho Tsubota
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Sumire Ono
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yamato Horaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Maki Ichii
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Mio Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yumiko Ueno
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Nene Koike
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tadatoshi Tanino
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Huy Du Nguyen
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Takuya Okada
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yoshida
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Tsuyako Ohkubo
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences and Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Fukuoka Nursing College, Fukuoka, 814-0193, Japan
| | - Naoki Toyooka
- Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Division of Natural Drug Resources, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsuda
- Division of Natural Drug Resources, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Atsufumi Kawabata
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan.
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59
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Stevens EB, Stephens GJ. Recent advances in targeting ion channels to treat chronic pain. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2133-2137. [PMID: 29878335 PMCID: PMC5980455 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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60
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Cardoso FC, Lewis RJ. Sodium channels and pain: from toxins to therapies. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2138-2157. [PMID: 28749537 PMCID: PMC5980290 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV channels) are essential for the initiation and propagation of action potentials that critically influence our ability to respond to a diverse range of stimuli. Physiological and pharmacological studies have linked abnormal function of NaV channels to many human disorders, including chronic neuropathic pain. These findings, along with the description of the functional properties and expression pattern of NaV channel subtypes, are helping to uncover subtype specific roles in acute and chronic pain and revealing potential opportunities to target these with selective inhibitors. High-throughput screens and automated electrophysiology platforms have identified natural toxins as a promising group of molecules for the development of target-specific analgesics. In this review, the role of toxins in defining the contribution of NaV channels in acute and chronic pain states and their potential to be used as analgesic therapies are discussed. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Cardoso
- Department of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Department of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia
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61
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Moyer BD, Murray JK, Ligutti J, Andrews K, Favreau P, Jordan JB, Lee JH, Liu D, Long J, Sham K, Shi L, Stöcklin R, Wu B, Yin R, Yu V, Zou A, Biswas K, Miranda LP. Pharmacological characterization of potent and selective NaV1.7 inhibitors engineered from Chilobrachys jingzhao tarantula venom peptide JzTx-V. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196791. [PMID: 29723257 PMCID: PMC5933747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 inhibitors for chronic pain therapeutic development is an area of vigorous pursuit. In an effort to identify more potent leads compared to our previously reported GpTx-1 peptide series, electrophysiology screening of fractionated tarantula venom discovered the NaV1.7 inhibitory peptide JzTx-V from the Chinese earth tiger tarantula Chilobrachys jingzhao. The parent peptide displayed nominal selectivity over the skeletal muscle NaV1.4 channel. Attribute-based positional scan analoging identified a key Ile28Glu mutation that improved NaV1.4 selectivity over 100-fold, and further optimization yielded the potent and selective peptide leads AM-8145 and AM-0422. NMR analyses revealed that the Ile28Glu substitution changed peptide conformation, pointing to a structural rationale for the selectivity gains. AM-8145 and AM-0422 as well as GpTx-1 and HwTx-IV competed for ProTx-II binding in HEK293 cells expressing human NaV1.7, suggesting that these NaV1.7 inhibitory peptides interact with a similar binding site. AM-8145 potently blocked native tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) channels in mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, exhibited 30- to 120-fold selectivity over other human TTX-S channels and exhibited over 1,000-fold selectivity over other human tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) channels. Leveraging NaV1.7-NaV1.5 chimeras containing various voltage-sensor and pore regions, AM-8145 mapped to the second voltage-sensor domain of NaV1.7. AM-0422, but not the inactive peptide analog AM-8374, dose-dependently blocked capsaicin-induced DRG neuron action potential firing using a multi-electrode array readout and mechanically-induced C-fiber spiking in a saphenous skin-nerve preparation. Collectively, AM-8145 and AM-0422 represent potent, new engineered NaV1.7 inhibitory peptides derived from the JzTx-V scaffold with improved NaV selectivity and biological activity in blocking action potential firing in both DRG neurons and C-fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan D. Moyer
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Justin K. Murray
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Joseph Ligutti
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Kristin Andrews
- Molecular Engineering, Amgen Discovery Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - John B. Jordan
- Discovery Attribute Sciences, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Josie H. Lee
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dong Liu
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Jason Long
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Kelvin Sham
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Licheng Shi
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Reto Stöcklin
- Atheris Laboratories, CH Bernex, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bin Wu
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Ruoyuan Yin
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Violeta Yu
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anruo Zou
- Neuroscience, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Kaustav Biswas
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
| | - Les P. Miranda
- Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Discovery Research, Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
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Ma B, Liu X, Huang X, Ji Y, Jin T, Ma K. Translocator protein agonist Ro5-4864 alleviates neuropathic pain and promotes remyelination in the sciatic nerve. Mol Pain 2017; 14:1744806917748019. [PMID: 29212402 PMCID: PMC5805004 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917748019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study reported the translocator protein to play a critical role in neuropathic pain and the possible mechanisms in the spinal cord. However, its mechanism in the peripheral nervous system is poorly understood. This study was undertaken to explore the distribution of translocator protein in the dorsal root ganglion and the possible mechanisms in peripheral nervous system in a rat model of spared nerve injury. Our results showed that translocator protein was activated in dorsal root ganglion after spared nerve injury. The translocator protein signals were primarily colocalized with neurons in dorsal root ganglion. A single intrathecal (i.t.) injection of translocator protein agonist (7-chloro-5-4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-1-methyl-2-H-1,4-benzodiaze-pine-2) (Ro5-4864) exerted remarkable analgesic effect compared with the spared nerve injury group ( P < 0.01). After i.t. administration of 2 µg Ro5-4864 on day 3, the expression of translocator protein in ipsilateral dorsal root ganglion was significantly increased on day 7( P < 0.01) but decreased on day 14 ( P < 0.05) compared with the same point in time in the control group. The duration of translocator protein activation in dorsal root ganglion was remarkably shortened. Ro5-4864 also inhibited the activation of phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1(p-ERK1) ( P < 0.01), p-ERK2 (D7: P < 0.01, D14: P < 0.05), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( P < 0.05) in dorsal root ganglion. Meanwhile, i.t. administration of 2 µg Ro5-4864 on day 3 further accelerated the expression of myelin protein zero(P0) and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22). Our results suggested Ro5-4864 could alleviate neuropathic pain and attenuate p-ERK and brain-derived neurotrophic factor activation in dorsal root ganglion. Furthermore, Ro5-4864 stimulated the expression of myelin regeneration proteins which may also be an important factor against neuropathic pain development. Translocator protein may present a novel target for the treatment of neuropathic pain both in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Ma
- Department of Pain management, 91603 Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Pain management, 91603 Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehua Huang
- Department of Pain management, 91603 Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Pain management, 91603 Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Pain management, 91603 Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Pain management, 91603 Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China
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Abstract
Neuropathic pain, comprising a range of heterogeneous conditions, is often severe and difficult to manage, and this may result in a chronic condition that negatively affects the overall functioning and quality of life in patients. The pharmacotherapy of neuropathic pain is challenging and for many patients effective treatment is lacking; therefore, evidence-based recommendations are essential. Currently, there is general agreement on which drugs are appropriate for the first-line treatment of neuropathic pain, whereas debate continues regarding second- and third-line treatments. First-line drugs for neuropathic pain include antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors) and anticonvulsants acting at calcium channels (pregabalin and gabapentin). Second- and third-line drugs for neuropathic pain include topical lidocaine and opioids. Although efficacious in the treatment of neuropathic pain, opioids are not considered to be a first choice because of adverse drug reactions and, more recently, because of concerns about abuse, diversion, and addiction. A clear understanding of the mechanism of action of currently available drugs is an essential step towards an effective clinical approach that aims to tailor therapies both to the specific neuropathic disease and to the needs of an individual patient. This review provides an overview of current drugs available for the treatment of neuropathic pain with an emphasis on their mechanism of action. FUNDING Pfizer, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Fornasari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Investigation of Binding Modes and Functional Surface of Scorpion Toxins ANEP to Sodium Channels 1.7. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9120387. [PMID: 29186022 PMCID: PMC5744107 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9120387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The depressant β toxin anti-neuroexcitation peptide (ANEP) from the Chinese scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch has analgesic activity by interacting with receptor site 4 of the voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). Here, with molecular dynamics simulations, we examined the binding modes between ANEP and the site 4 of mice sodium channel 1.7 (mNav1.7), a subtype of VGSCs related to peripheral pain. Homology modeling, molecular mechanics, and molecular dynamics in the biomembrane environment were adopted. The results suggested that ANEP bound to the resting site 4 mainly by amino acid residues in the β2–β3 loop and the ‘NC’ domains, and the activate site 4 mainly by amino acid residues in the hydrophobic domain of N-groove and residues in the ‘pharmacophore’. Effects analysis of 14 mutants in the predicted functional domains of ANEP on mouse twisting models showed that the analgesic activity of mutants L15 and E24 of the ‘pharmacophore’, W36, T37, W38, and T39 forming the loop between the β2- and β3-strands and N8, V12, C60, and K64 in the NC domain increased distinctly after these residues were substituted for Ala, respectively. The binding modes and the active sites predicted were consistent with available mutagenesis data, and which is meaningful to understand the related mechanisms of ANEP for Nav1.7.
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