Li Z, Takino T, Endo Y, Sato H. Activation of MMP-9 by membrane type-1 MMP/MMP-2 axis stimulates tumor metastasis.
Cancer Sci 2017;
108:347-353. [PMID:
27987367 PMCID:
PMC5378257 DOI:
10.1111/cas.13134]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An artificial receptor for proMMP-9 was created by fusing tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) with type II transmembrane mosaic serine protease (MSP-T1). Expression of MSP-T1 in 293T cells induced binding of proMMP-9, which was processed by MMP-2 activated by membrane type 1 MMP (MT1-MMP). HT1080 cells transfected with the MSP-T1 gene produced activated MMP-9 in collagen gel, and addition of proMMP-2 to the culture augmented it, which resulted in intensive collagen digestion. These cells metastasized into chick embryonic liver more than control cells. Treatment of HT1080 cells with concanavalin A in the presence of exogenous proMMP-2 induced activation of not only proMMP-2 but also proMMP-9. Knockdown of MT1-MMP or TIMP-2 expression with siRNA suppressed activation of both proMMP-2 and proMMP-9. Transfection of TIMP-1 siRNA suppressed cell binding and activation of proMMP-9, but not proMMP-2 activation. Knockdown of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) expression reduced cell binding and processing of proMMP-9. These results suggest that proMMP-9, which binds to a receptor complex containing TIMP-1 and ADAM10, is activated by the MT1-MMP/MMP-2 axis, and MMP-9 thus activated stimulates cellular proteolysis and metastasis.
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