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O'Connor M, Sun C, Lee D. Synthesis of Amathaspiramides by Aminocyanation of Enoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9963-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL (USA)
| | - Chunrui Sun
- Merck Discovery Chemistry, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033 (USA)
| | - Daesung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL (USA)
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52
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O'Connor M, Sun C, Lee D. Synthesis of Amathaspiramides by Aminocyanation of Enoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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53
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Dufour-Gallant J, Chatenet D, Lubell WD. De Novo Conception of Small Molecule Modulators Based on Endogenous Peptide Ligands: Pyrrolodiazepin-2-one γ-Turn Mimics That Differentially Modulate Urotensin II Receptor-Mediated Vasoconstriction ex Vivo. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4624-37. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Dufour-Gallant
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
- INRS—Institut
Armand-Frappier, Groupe de Recherche en Ingénierie des Peptides
et en Pharmacothérapie (GRIPP), Université du Québec, Ville de Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - David Chatenet
- INRS—Institut
Armand-Frappier, Groupe de Recherche en Ingénierie des Peptides
et en Pharmacothérapie (GRIPP), Université du Québec, Ville de Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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54
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Khashper A, Lubell WD. Design, synthesis, conformational analysis and application of indolizidin-2-one dipeptide mimics. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:5052-70. [PMID: 24899358 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00777h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growth in the field of peptide mimicry over the past few decades has resulted in the synthesis of many new compounds and the investigation of novel pharmacological agents. Azabicyclo[X.Y.0]alkanone amino acids are among the attractive classes of constrained mimics, because they can create rigid peptide structures for probing the conformation and roles of natural motifs in recognition events important for biological activity. Herein, we review the last ten years of the synthesis, conformational analysis and activity of analogs of the azabicyclo[4.3.0]alkan-2-one amino acid subclass, so-called indolizidin-2-one amino acids, with particular attention on their employment as inputs for biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkady Khashper
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Canada.
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55
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Ramos DF, Matthiensen A, Colvara W, de Votto APS, Trindade GS, da Silva PEA, Yunes JS. Antimycobacterial and cytotoxicity activity of microcystins. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2015; 21:9. [PMID: 25802510 PMCID: PMC4369887 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-015-0009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present work aimed to evaluate the antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of Microcystis aeruginosa toxins, the MC-LR variant and purified extract of [D-Leu(1)] microcystin-LR. METHODS The antimicrobial activity of M. aeruginosa extract and microcystin was evaluated by resazurin microtiter assay against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. terrae, M. chelonae and M. kansasii. The cytotoxicity assay was performed by trypan blue exclusion against the HTC cell line. RESULTS Antimicrobial activity was observed in the hexanic extract of M. aeruginosa (RST 9501 strain) against M. tuberculosis, including sensitive and resistant strains with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) between 1.93 μM and 0.06 μM. The high activity of M. aeruginosa hexanic extract could be attributed to the major presence of the toxins MC-LR and [D-Leu(1)] MC-LR that showed activity at MIC between 53 and 0.42 μM against tested mycobacterial strains. Even at the highest concentration tested, no toxicity of M. aeruginosa extracts was identified against HTC cells. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results suggest that [D-Leu(1)] MC-LR is a promising candidate for the development of a new antimycobacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fernandes Ramos
- />Research Center in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State Brazil
| | - Alexandre Matthiensen
- />Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research (Embrapa), Concórdia, Santa Catarina State Brazil
| | - Wilson Colvara
- />School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Souza de Votto
- />Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State Brazil
| | - Gilma Santos Trindade
- />Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State Brazil
| | - Pedro Eduardo Almeida da Silva
- />Research Center in Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State Brazil
| | - João Sarkis Yunes
- />Laboratory of Cyanobacteria and Phycotoxins, Institute of Oceanography, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State Brazil
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56
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Rational Approach to the Design of Bioactive Peptidomimetics: Recent Developments in Opioid Agonist Peptides. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63462-7.00002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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57
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Quantitative sequence–activity modeling of antimicrobial hexapeptides using a segmented principal component strategy: an approach to describe and predict activities of peptide drugs containing l/d and unnatural residues. Amino Acids 2014; 47:125-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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58
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Kurian LA, Silva TA, Sabatino D. Submonomer synthesis of azapeptide ligands of the Insulin Receptor Tyrosine Kinase domain. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4176-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sugiki T, Fujiwara T, Kojima C. Latest approaches for efficient protein production in drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:1189-204. [PMID: 25046062 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.941801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pharmaceutical research looks to discover and develop new compounds which influence the function of disease-associated proteins or respective protein-protein interactions. Various scientific methods are available to discover those compounds, such as high-throughput screening of a library comprising chemical or natural compounds and computational rational drug design. The goal of these methods is to identify the seed compounds of future pharmaceuticals through the use of these technologies and laborious experiments. For every drug discovery effort made, the possession of accurate functional and structural information of the disease-associated proteins helps to assist drug development. Therefore, the investigation of the tertiary structure of disease-associated proteins and respective protein-protein interactions at the atomic level are of crucial importance for successful drug discovery. AREAS COVERED In this review article, the authors broadly outline current techniques utilized for recombinant protein production. In particular, the authors focus on bacterial expression systems using Escherichia coli as the living bioreactor. EXPERT OPINION The recently developed pCold-glutathione S-transferase (GST) system is one of the best systems for soluble protein expression in E. coli. Where the pCold-GST system does not succeed, it is preferable to change the host from E. coli to higher organisms such as yeast expression systems like Pichia pastoris and Kluyveromyces lactis. The selection of an appropriate expression system for each desired protein and the optimization of experimental conditions significantly contribute toward the successful outcome of any drug discovery study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Sugiki
- Osaka University, Institute for Protein Research , 3-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 , Japan
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60
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Sterpone F, Melchionna S, Tuffery P, Pasquali S, Mousseau N, Cragnolini T, Chebaro Y, St-Pierre JF, Kalimeri M, Barducci A, Laurin Y, Tek A, Baaden M, Nguyen PH, Derreumaux P. The OPEP protein model: from single molecules, amyloid formation, crowding and hydrodynamics to DNA/RNA systems. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4871-93. [PMID: 24759934 PMCID: PMC4426487 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00048j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The OPEP coarse-grained protein model has been applied to a wide range of applications since its first release 15 years ago. The model, which combines energetic and structural accuracy and chemical specificity, allows the study of single protein properties, DNA-RNA complexes, amyloid fibril formation and protein suspensions in a crowded environment. Here we first review the current state of the model and the most exciting applications using advanced conformational sampling methods. We then present the current limitations and a perspective on the ongoing developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Sterpone
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, UPR 9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, IBPC, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005, Paris, France.
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61
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Dirksen A, Madsen M, Dello Iacono G, Matin MJ, Bacica M, Stanković N, Callans S, Bhat A. Parallel synthesis and screening of peptide conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1052-60. [PMID: 24824568 DOI: 10.1021/bc500129w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Peptide conjugates represent an emerging class of therapeutics. However, in contrast to that of small molecules and peptides, the discovery and optimization of peptide conjugates is low in throughput, resource intensive, time-consuming, and based on educated decisions rather than screening. A strategy for the parallel synthesis and screening of peptide conjugates is presented that (1) reduces variability in the conjugation steps; (2) provides a new method to rapidly and quantitatively measure conversion in crude conjugation mixtures; (3) introduces a purification step using an immobilized chemical scavenger that does not rely on protein-specific binding; and (4) is supported by robust analytical methods to characterize the large number of end products. Copper-free click chemistry is used as the chemoselective ligation method for conjugation and purification. The productivity in the generation and screening of peptide conjugates is significantly improved by applying this strategy as is demonstrated by the optimization of the anti-Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) CovX-body, CVX-060, a peptide-antibody scaffold conjugate that has advanced in clinical trials for oncology indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Dirksen
- Pfizer Inc. - CovX Research, 9381 Judicial Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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62
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Kishore G, Gautam V, Chandrasekaran S. Novel synthesis of carbohydrate fused α-amino γ-lactams and glycopeptides by NIS mediated ring opening of donor–acceptor substituted cyclopropanes. Carbohydr Res 2014; 390:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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63
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Kapras V, Pohl R, Císařová I, Jahn U. Asymmetric Domino Aza-Michael Addition/[3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions as a Versatile Approach to α,β,γ-Triamino Acid Derivatives. Org Lett 2014; 16:1088-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403660w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Kapras
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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64
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Zou Y, Spokoyny AM, Zhang C, Simon MD, Yu H, Lin YS, Pentelute BL. Convergent diversity-oriented side-chain macrocyclization scan for unprotected polypeptides. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:566-73. [PMID: 24310320 PMCID: PMC3935340 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42168f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe a general synthetic platform for side-chain macrocyclization of an unprotected peptide library based on the SNAr reaction between cysteine thiolates and a new generation of highly reactive perfluoroaromatic small molecule linkers. This strategy enabled us to simultaneously "scan" two cysteine residues positioned from i, i + 1 to i, i + 14 sites in a polypeptide, producing 98 macrocyclic products from reactions of 14 peptides with 7 linkers. A complementary reverse strategy was developed; cysteine residues within the polypeptide were first modified with non-bridging perfluoroaryl moieties and then commercially available dithiol linkers were used for macrocyclization. The highly convergent, site-independent, and modular nature of these two strategies coupled with the unique chemoselectivity of a SNAr transformation allows for the rapid diversity-oriented synthesis of hybrid macrocyclic peptide libraries with varied chemical and structural complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekui Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Mazzier D, Peggion C, Toniolo C, Moretto A. Enhancement of the helical content and stability induced in a linear oligopeptide by ani, i+4 intramolecularly double stapled, overlapping, bicyclic [31, 22, 5]-(E)ene motif. Biopolymers 2014; 102:115-23. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mazzier
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova; 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Cristina Peggion
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova; 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Claudio Toniolo
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova; 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretto
- ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova; 35131 Padova Italy
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Rabong C, Schuster C, Liptaj T, Prónayová N, Delchev VB, Jordis U, Phopase J. NXO beta structure mimicry: an ultrashort turn/hairpin mimic that folds in water. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01210k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An NXO building block derived tetrapeptide mimic emulates a natural proline-glycine β-turn/hairpin in polar media, including water at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Rabong
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Vienna University of Technology
- A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Schuster
- Department of Environmental Geosciences
- University of Vienna
- A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tibor Liptaj
- Department of NMR and Mass Spectrometry
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology
- Slovak University of Technology
- 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Nadežda Prónayová
- Department of NMR and Mass Spectrometry
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology
- Slovak University of Technology
- 81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vassil B. Delchev
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- University of Plovdiv
- 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ulrich Jordis
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry
- Vienna University of Technology
- A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jaywant Phopase
- Integrative Regenerative Medicine Centre (IGEN) & Department of Physics
- Chemistry and Biology (IFM)
- 58183 Linköping, Sweden
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67
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Romero-Estudillo I, Boto A. Creating diversity by site-selective peptide modification: a customizable unit affords amino acids with high optical purity. Org Lett 2013; 15:5778-81. [PMID: 24171384 DOI: 10.1021/ol402800a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of peptide libraries by site-selective modification of a few parent peptides would save valuable time and materials in discovery processes, but still is a difficult synthetic challenge. Herein natural hydroxyproline is introduced as a "convertible" unit for the production of a variety of optically pure amino acids, including expensive N-alkyl amino acids, and to achieve the mild, efficient, and site-selective modification of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Romero-Estudillo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología del CSIC , Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, 3, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Simonetti O, Cirioni O, Mocchegiani F, Cacciatore I, Silvestri C, Baldassarre L, Orlando F, Castelli P, Provinciali M, Vivarelli M, Fornasari E, Giacometti A, Offidani A. The efficacy of the quorum sensing inhibitor FS8 and tigecycline in preventing prosthesis biofilm in an animal model of staphylococcal infection. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:16321-32. [PMID: 23965956 PMCID: PMC3759913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140816321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the efficacy of tigecycline and FS8, alone or combined, in preventing prosthesis biofilm in a rat model of staphylococcal vascular graft infection. Graft infections were established in the back subcutaneous tissue of adult male Wistar rats by implantation of Dacron prostheses followed by topical inoculation with 2 × 107 colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus, strain Smith diffuse. The study included a control group, a contaminated group that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, and three contaminated groups that received: (i) intraperitoneal tigecycline, (ii) FS8-soaked graft, and (iii) tigecycline plus FS8-soaked graft, respectively. Each group included 15 animals. The infection burden was evaluated by using sonication and quantitative agar culture. Moreover, an in vitro binding-study was performed to quantify the how much FS8 was coated to the surface of the prosthesis. Tigecycline, combined with FS8, against the adherent bacteria showed MICs (2.00 mg/L) and MBCs (4.00 mg/L) four-fold lower with respect to tigecycline alone in in vitro studies. The rat groups treated with tigecycline showed the lowest bacterial numbers (4.4 × 104 ± 1.2 × 104 CFU/mL). The FS8-treated group showed a good activity and significant differences compared to control group with bacterial numbers of 6.8 × 104 ± 2.0 × 104 CFU/mL. A stronger inhibition of bacterial growth was observed in rats treated with a combined FS8 and tigecycline therapy than in those that were singly treated with bacterial numbers of 101 CFU/mL graft. In conclusion, the ability to affect biofilm formation as well, its property to be an antibiotic enhancer suggests FS8 as alternative or additional agent to use in conjunction with conventional antimicrobial for prevention of staphylococcal biofilm related infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Simonetti
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +39-071-5963494; Fax: +39-071-5963446
| | - Oscar Cirioni
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mails: (O.C.); (C.S.); (P.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Federico Mocchegiani
- Centre for Abdominal Surgery and Organ Transplant, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mails: (F.M.); (M.V.)
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, Università degli Studi G. D’Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (I.C.); (L.B.); (E.F.)
| | - Carmela Silvestri
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mails: (O.C.); (C.S.); (P.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Leonardo Baldassarre
- Department of Pharmacy, Università degli Studi G. D’Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (I.C.); (L.B.); (E.F.)
| | - Fiorenza Orlando
- Experimental Animal Models for Aging Units, Research Department, I.N.R.C.A. I.R.R.C.S., Ancona 60100, Italy; E-Mails: (F.O.); (M.P.)
| | - Pamela Castelli
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mails: (O.C.); (C.S.); (P.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Mauro Provinciali
- Experimental Animal Models for Aging Units, Research Department, I.N.R.C.A. I.R.R.C.S., Ancona 60100, Italy; E-Mails: (F.O.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Vivarelli
- Centre for Abdominal Surgery and Organ Transplant, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mails: (F.M.); (M.V.)
| | - Erika Fornasari
- Department of Pharmacy, Università degli Studi G. D’Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara 66013, Italy; E-Mails: (I.C.); (L.B.); (E.F.)
| | - Andrea Giacometti
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mails: (O.C.); (C.S.); (P.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Annamaria Offidani
- Clinic of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche–Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona 60020, Italy; E-Mail:
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69
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Baldassarre L, Fornasari E, Cornacchia C, Cirioni O, Silvestri C, Castelli P, Giocometti A, Cacciatore I. Discovery of novel RIP derivatives by alanine scanning for the treatment of S. aureus infections. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00122a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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70
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Abstract
The advent of silicon chip based technologies for genome sequencing promises continuing exponential falls in the reagent costs of sequencing. When every patient has a full genome sequence as part of their medical records the science of drug discovery and drug design must adapt and improve to meet this challenge. This series covers computational, and experimental approaches for small molecules and biologics. From the virtual patient - a computational model of a complete human being, through in silico screening to RNA editing and antibody directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Selwood
- The Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK.
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