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Ferreras P, Fernandez-de-Simon J. Correction factors for estimating food consumption by red fox Vulpes vulpes from scats. WILDLIFE BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.2981/wlb.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Fernandez-de-Simon
- J. Fernandez-de-Simon (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-758X), Inst. de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo no. 12, ES-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Abstract
Abstract
In order to conserve wetlands, it is crucial to have reliable knowledge of population and community processes. Our aims were to explore the dietary differences that allow coexistence of carnivores belonging to different trophic guilds, and to detect the presence of the relict Pannonian root vole subspecies (Microtus oeconomus méhelyi) within the Kis-Balaton marshland (Hungary). The 1-year dietary study was based on faecal analysis of the main mammalian predators of the area, i.e. red fox (Vulpes vulpes), martens (Martes spp.) and Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Small mammals, mainly Microtus species and water vole (Arvicola amphibius), were the primary foods for each carnivore. The dietary pattern of the otter was unique among European studies. Analysis of frequency data and estimated consumed biomass data revealed significant interspecific and intraspecific (seasonal) foraging differences among the three predators. Based on diets and live trapping of small mammals, foxes and martens selected voles, they selected against mice and shrews. The selection of the root vole was confirmed from faecal samples of foxes and martens. Consequently, faecal analysis of common carnivores can be an effective monitoring tool in providing data about prey species under special habitat conditions. Thus, it may contribute to wetland conservation indirectly.
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Tsunoda H, Peeva S, Raichev E, Ito K, Kaneko Y. Autumn Dietary Overlaps among Three Sympatric Mesocarnivores in the Central Part of Stara Planina Mountain, Bulgaria. MAMMAL STUDY 2019. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2018-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsunoda
- Center for Environmental Science in Saitama, 914 Kamitanadare, Kazo, Saitama 347-0115, Japan
| | - Stanislava Peeva
- Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Student's Campus, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Evgeniy Raichev
- Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, Student's Campus, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Kairi Ito
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kaneko
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Dell’Agnello F, Martini M, Mori E, Mazza G, Mazza V, Zaccaroni M. Winter activity rhythms of a rodent pest species in agricultural habitats. MAMMAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-019-00443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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55
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Mori E, Menchetti M. Living with roommates in a shared den: Spatial and temporal segregation among semifossorial mammals. Behav Processes 2019; 164:48-53. [PMID: 31022506 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Positive interspecific interactions in animal communities (i.e. den sharing) have long been overlooked in animal ecology. The assessment of spatiotemporal overlap among species living within the same burrow system is paramount to explain their strategies of interspecific coexistence. We studied spatiotemporal behavioural patterns of coexistence among four den-sharing mammal species (i.e. the crested porcupine Hystrix cristata, the Eurasian badger Meles meles, the red fox Vulpes vulpes and the European pine marten Martes martes), inhabiting a hilly area of central Italy. Intensive camera trapping (September 2015-September 2018) was used to estimate the interspecific overlap of both temporal and spatial activity patterns for all species combinations. An extensive nocturnal temporal overlap was recorded among all the species, except the diurnal pine marten. However, crested porcupines were mostly active in the darkest nights, whereas bright moonlight enhanced the hunting success of the red fox. Activity of badgers was limited in bright nights only during cold months, when predation pressure and poaching risk were the highest. Crested porcupines avoided spatial sharing outside the den with both nocturnal carnivores, particularly during the winter, when its cubs are in the den. Overlap in ranging areas and activity rhythms between the red fox and the Eurasian badger may be promoted by a remarkable food niche partitioning. Conversely, spatiotemporal overlap between red foxes and pine martens suggested a significant interspecific spatial partitioning, due to the overlap in feeding habits. Den-sharing represents a form of positive interspecific interaction which may limit energy waste and increase local species diversity and densities. Species using the same burrow system may show both spatial and temporal niche partitioning throughout the year, thus allowing a non-competitive coexistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Mori
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Mattia Menchetti
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona, Spain; Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli studi di Firenze, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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Lanszki Z, Purger JJ, Bocz R, Szép D, Lanszki J. The Stone Marten and the Red Fox consumed predominantly fruits all year round: a case study. ACTA ZOOL ACAD SCI H 2019. [DOI: 10.17109/azh.65.1.45.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Lanszki J, Nagyapáti N, Kurys A. Long-Term Changes in the Diet of the Red Fox in an Agricultural Area. MAMMAL STUDY 2018. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2018-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- József Lanszki
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Nagyapáti
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Anita Kurys
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
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Lanszki J, Hayward MW, Nagyapáti N. Feeding responses of the golden jackal after reduction of anthropogenic food subsidies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208727. [PMID: 30532165 PMCID: PMC6286136 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known of the resources that limit or promote the rapidly expanding golden jackal (Canis aureus) population in Europe. We hypothesised that in an area of intensive big game hunting, a reduction of the main food resource (human subsidised big game viscera) would result in dietary switching. We used multivariate analyses to test whether the dietary composition of 200 jackal stomachs varied between two 2-yearly survey occasions, the first without big game viscera removal (availability of 68 kg viscera/year/km2) followed by a period with viscera removal (minimum of 50 kg of viscera/year/km2 removed). The proportion of empty stomachs and the stomach wet content weight did not differ between the two periods. Even after the reduction of food subsidies, the primary food of jackals was viscera and carrion from wild ungulates (frequency of occurrence: 45% vs. 30%; wet weight: 55% vs. 29%, respectively), and scavenging was not affected by season or sex. Log-linear analysis of frequency data revealed no significant differences between survey occasions in consumption of either food type. MANCOVA of wet weight data revealed that in the first period with food subsidies jackals consumed a higher proportion of adult wild boar (11.6% vs. 1.3%; from predation or scavenging), while juvenile wild boar (0 vs. 11.8%; from predation or scavenging), domestic animals (0.8% vs. 6.2%; mostly from scavenging) and invertebrates (2.6% vs. 4.1%) increased in the second period. The stomachs in the second survey occasion contained more varied food items, but the trophic niche was not significantly wider. The feeding responses of this mesopredator to the reduction of food subsidies were less pronounced than expected. Because in high big game density areas, wild ungulate carrion from different mortality causes are available in high quantities throughout the year, predator populations can be maintained despite the high amount of viscera removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Lanszki
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - Matthew W. Hayward
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Nikolett Nagyapáti
- Carnivore Ecology Research Group, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary
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Nardone V, Bosso L, Corte MD, Sasso M, Galimberti A, Bruno A, Casiraghi M, Russo D. Native red foxes depredate nests of alien pond sliders: Evidence from molecular detection of prey in scats. Mamm Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lovari S, Mori E. Seasonal food habits of the endangered Indochinese leopardPanthera pardus delacouriin a protected area of North West Thailand. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v66.i4.a5.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Lovari
- Maremma Natural History Musem, Strada Corsini 5, 58100 Grosseto, Italy
- Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology and Wildlife Management, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Emiliano Mori
- Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology, Ethology and Wildlife Management, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Rafaqat I, Mahmood T, Hennelly LM, Akrim F, Uz-Zaman I, Fatima H, Andleeb S, Muhammad G, Abbas Y, Farooq M, Munawar N, Khan MR, Hamid A, Orakzai MA. Phylogenetic status and diet of red fox (Vulpes vulpes griffithii) inhabiting Ayubia National Park, Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.252991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a medium-sized carnivore that occurs in different regions of Pakistan, however, still lacks scientific data on its ecology and distribution. The current study investigated the phylogenetic status and diet of the red fox (V.v. griffithii) occurring in Ayubia National Park, Pakistan. Through camera trapping and molecular analysis, we confirmed the occurrence of red fox in the study area. Based on mitochondrial cytochrome B (304 bp) and limited sampling, nearly all red foxes of Ayubia National Park and surrounding Himalayan ranges fall within Holarctic maternal lineage, whereas red foxes found in plains of Pakistan are part of the basal Palearctic maternal lineage. Using 32 scats, we found that red fox diet comprises of 80% animal-based prey species (both wild and domestic) and 19% plant matter. The wild animal prey species included Cape hare (Lepus capensis) and flying squirrel (Pteromyini sp.), which constituted 17% and 15% of diet, respectively. Red foxes infrequently consumed House mouse (Mus musculus), Himalayan Palm civet (Paguma larvata) and sheep (Ovis aries), each comprising around 6% to 9% of red fox diet. The fox species also scavenged on domestic donkey opportunistically. Based on our sampling, our study suggests that the red fox (V.v. griffithii) that occurs in Ayubia National Park and across the lesser Himalayan ranges belongs to Holarctic maternal lineage. The study also highlights consumption of plant seeds by red foxes, indicating it may play an important ecological role in seed dispersal in Ayubia National Park.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Rafaqat
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - T. Mahmood
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | | | - F. Akrim
- University of Kotli Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | | | - H. Fatima
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - S. Andleeb
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - G. Muhammad
- Baltistan Wildlife Conservation and Development Organization, Pakistan
| | - Y. Abbas
- Central Karakoram National Park, Pakistan
| | - M. Farooq
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - N. Munawar
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
| | - M. R. Khan
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Pakistan
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