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Barrera-Rico M, López-Rendón X, Vega-Montesino S, Gamboa-deBuen I. Entrance surface dose in cerebral interventional radiology procedures. RADIAT MEAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kopeć R, Novák L, Carinou E, Clairand I, Dabin J, Datz H, De Angelis C, Farah J, Huet C, Knežević Ž, Järvinen H, Majer M, Malchair F, Negri A, Waschitz SH, Siiskonen T, Szumska A, Trianni A, Vanhavere F. Intercomparison of Gafchromic™ films, TL detectors and TL foils for the measurements of skin dose in interventional radiology. RADIAT MEAS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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53
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Chaikh A, Gaudu A, Balosso J. Monitoring methods for skin dose in interventional radiology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER THERAPY AND ONCOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.14319/ijcto.0301.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Patient-specific organ dose estimation during transcatheter arterial embolization using Monte Carlo method and adaptive organ segmentation. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Impact of Hybrid Rooms with Image Fusion on Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Aortic Repair. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2014; 48:382-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Yoo WJ, Shin SH, Jeon D, Hong S, Sim HI, Kim SG, Jang KW, Cho S, Youn WS, Lee B. Measurement of entrance surface dose on an anthropomorphic thorax phantom using a miniature fiber-optic dosimeter. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 14:6305-16. [PMID: 24694678 PMCID: PMC4029715 DOI: 10.3390/s140406305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A miniature fiber-optic dosimeter (FOD) system was fabricated using a plastic scintillating fiber, a plastic optical fiber, and a multi-pixel photon counter to measure real-time entrance surface dose (ESD) during radiation diagnosis. Under varying exposure parameters of a digital radiography (DR) system, we measured the scintillating light related to the ESD using the sensing probe of the FOD, which was placed at the center of the beam field on an anthropomorphic thorax phantom. Also, we obtained DR images using a flat panel detector of the DR system to evaluate the effects of the dosimeter on image artifacts during posteroanterior (PA) chest radiography. From the experimental results, the scintillation output signals of the FOD were similar to the ESDs including backscatter simultaneously obtained using a semiconductor dosimeter. We demonstrated that the proposed miniature FOD can be used to measure real-time ESDs with minimization of DR image artifacts in the X-ray energy range of diagnostic radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wook Jae Yoo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
| | - Sang Hun Shin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
| | - Dayeong Jeon
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
| | - Seunghan Hong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
| | - Hyeok In Sim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
| | - Seon Geun Kim
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
| | - Kyoung Won Jang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
| | - Seunghyun Cho
- Department of Organic Materials & Fiber Engineering, College of Engineering, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul-si, 156-743, Korea.
| | - Won Sik Youn
- Research & Development Center, JPI Healthcare, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, 363-951, Korea.
| | - Bongsoo Lee
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Konkuk University, 268 Chungwon-daero, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 380-701, Korea.
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Soliman K, Alenezi A. Patient entrance surface dose measurements using XR-QA2 Gafchromic films during micturating cystourethrography procedures. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014; 158:170-174. [PMID: 24084519 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/nct209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of using Gafchromic XR-QA2 films in the measurements of patient entrance surface dose (ESD) during the micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG) examination in paediatric patients. Radiochromic films were used to map the entrance dose and to identify the location of peak surface dose (PSD). Direct in vivo measurements of entrance dose were conducted by placing a radiochromic film between the patient and the examination table. The measured ESD values for the commonly performed MCUG fluoroscopic examinations at the authors' institution was in the range of 1.2-7.8 mGy and the PSD in the range of 1.2-8.5 mGy per MCUG procedure for patients with age ranging from 1 to 12 y old. Gafchromic films (XR-QA2) were found to be an efficient and practical dosimetry method that can be easily used to measure clinical patient entrance doses during fluoroscopically guided procedures and potentially in other diagnostic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Soliman
- Department of Medical Physics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, PO Box 7897, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
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D’Alessio D, Giliberti C, Soriani A, Carpanese L, Pizzi G, Vallati GE, Strigari L. Dose evaluation for skin and organ in hepatocellular carcinoma during angiographic procedure. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2013; 32:81. [PMID: 24423052 PMCID: PMC3832252 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiation dose in patients undergoing liver angiographic procedure and verify the usefulness of different dose measurements to prevent deterministic effects. Gafchromic film, MicroMOSFET data and DIAMENTOR device of the X-ray system were used to characterize the examined interventional radiology (IR) procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS A liver embolization procedure, the SIRT (Selective Internal Radiation Therapy), was investigated. The exposure parameters from the DIAMENTOR as well as patient and geometrical data were registered. Entrance skin dose map obtained using Gafchromic film (ESDGAF) in a standard phantom as well as in 12 patients were used to calculate the maximum skin dose (MSDGAF). MicroMOSFETs were used to assess ESD in relevant points/areas. Moreover, the maximum value of five MicroMOSFETs array, due to the extension of treated area and to the relative distance of 2-3 cm of two adjacent MicroMOSFETs, was useful to predict the MSD without interfering with the clinical practice. PCXMC vers.1.5 was used to calculate effective dose (E) and equivalent dose (H). RESULTS The mean dose-area product (DAPDIAMENTOR) for SIRT procedures was 166 Gycm2, although a wide range was observed. The mean MSDGAF for SIRT procedures was 1090 mGy, although a wide range was experienced. A correlation was found between the MSDGAF measured on a patient and the DAPDIAMENTOR value for liver embolizations. MOSFET and Gafchromic data were in agreement within 5% in homogeneous area and within 20% in high dose gradient regions. The mean equivalent dose in critical organs was 89.8 mSv for kidneys, 22.9 mSv for pancreas, 20.2 mSv for small intestine and 21.0 mSv for spleen. Whereas the mean E was 3.7 mSv (range: 0.5-13.7). CONCLUSIONS Gafchromic films result useful to study patient exposure and determine localization and amplitude of high dose skin areas to better predict the skin injuries. Then, DAPDIAMENTOR or MOSFET data could offer real-time methods, as on-line dose alert, to avoid any side effects during liver embolization with prolonged duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D’Alessio
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Claudia Giliberti
- Dipartimento Installazioni di Produzione e Insediamenti Antropici, INAIL, Via Alessandria 220/E, Rome, 00198, Italy
| | - Antonella Soriani
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Livio Carpanese
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pizzi
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Giulio Eugenio Vallati
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
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Marco-Rius I, Wack L, Tsiamas P, Tryggestad E, Berbeco R, Hesser J, Zygmanski P. A fast analytic dose calculation method for arc treatments for kilovoltage small animal irradiators. Phys Med 2013; 29:426-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Jackson SR, Ahmad S, Hu Y, Ruan C. Evaluation of different techniques for CT radiation profile width measurement. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2013; 14:4122. [PMID: 23835377 PMCID: PMC5714537 DOI: 10.1120/jacmp.v14i4.4122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work has been conducted to demonstrate a procedure for using a Konica Minolta computed radiography (CR) system for the measurement of computed tomography (CT) radiation profile width, and to compare this method with conventional and GAFCHROMIC XR‐QA2 film measurements. The exposure and processing conditions of a Konica Minolta CR reader system were characterized to establish the relationship between exposure at the imaging plate (IP) and pixel value. A 6 cc ionization chamber was exposed at the isocenter of a CT scanner using 80 kVp, 0.4 sec with various mA settings. CR images were processed in fixed modes with various combinations of S and G values, establishing exposure and pixel value relationships. Appropriate exposure techniques and processing parameters were selected to avoid the saturation of the IP. Using the selected exposure and processing parameters, radiation profiles of various nominal collimation settings (40, 20, 10, and 5 mm) were acquired for measurement. Radiochromic film was characterized and utilized to compare with CR profiles and profiles obtained via conventional film. Appropriate exposures for both CR (80 kVp, large body filter, 4 and 8 mAs) and radiochromic films (120 kVp, large body filter, 300 mAs) were determined. Recommended CR processing settings (fixed mode with S=5 and G=1.81) were also determined. Compared to the conventional film results, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) results for CR agreed well within ±10%, while radiochromic film results showed maximum deviations of about 5%. In conclusion, FWHM of CT radiation profiles can be conveniently and accurately measured using a Konica Minolta CR system or XR‐QA2 film when appropriate exposure technique and processing parameters are used. PACS numbers: 87.57.Q‐, 87.57.qp, 87.59.bd, 87.57.uq
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Jackson
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Wack L, Ngwa W, Tryggestad E, Tsiamas P, Berbeco R, Ng SK, Hesser J, Zygmanski P. High throughput film dosimetry in homogeneous and heterogeneous media for a small animal irradiator. Phys Med 2013; 30:36-46. [PMID: 23510532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We have established a high-throughput Gafchromic film dosimetry protocol for narrow kilovoltage beams in homogeneous and heterogeneous media for small-animal radiotherapy applications. The kV beam characterization is based on extensive Gafchromic film dosimetry data acquired in homogeneous and heterogeneous media. An empirical model is used for parameterization of depth and off-axis dependence of measured data. METHODS We have modified previously published methods of film dosimetry to suit the specific tasks of the study. Unlike film protocols used in previous studies, our protocol employs simultaneous multi-channel scanning and analysis of up to nine Gafchromic films per scan. A scanner and background correction were implemented to improve accuracy of the measurements. Measurements were taken in homogeneous and inhomogeneous phantoms at 220 kVp and a field size of 5 × 5 mm(2). The results were compared against Monte Carlo simulations. RESULTS Dose differences caused by variations in background signal were effectively removed by the corrections applied. Measurements in homogeneous phantoms were used to empirically characterize beam data in homogeneous and heterogeneous media. Film measurements in inhomogeneous phantoms and their empirical parameterization differed by about 2%-3%. The model differed from MC by about 1% (water, lung) to 7% (bone). Good agreement was found for measured and modelled off-axis ratios. CONCLUSIONS EBT2 films are a valuable tool for characterization of narrow kV beams, though care must be taken to eliminate disturbances caused by varying background signals. The usefulness of the empirical beam model in interpretation and parameterization of film data was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wack
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - W Ngwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Tryggestad
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - P Tsiamas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Berbeco
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S K Ng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Hesser
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany
| | - P Zygmanski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Giaddui T, Cui Y, Galvin J, Chen W, Yu Y, Xiao Y. Characteristics of Gafchromic XRQA2 films for kV image dose measurement. Med Phys 2012; 39:842-50. [PMID: 22320794 DOI: 10.1118/1.3675398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the relevant characteristics of the new Gafchromic XRQA2 film for its application in measuring kV cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image doses were thoroughly investigated. METHODS The film was calibrated free in air to air kerma levels between 0 and 9 cGy using 120 kVp photon beams produced by the x-ray volume imager. Films were scanned using transmission and reflection scanning modes with the Epson Expression 10000 XL flat-bed document scanner. The impact of film size, region of interest for the analysis, scan uniformity, scan resolution, scan orientation and alternate scanning sides on the analysis process were investigated. Energy dependence, postirradiation growth of reflectance with time and irradiation angular dependence of the film were tested at different air kerma levels. RESULTS The net reflectance changed by ∼3% when the size of the film piece changed from 1 cm × 2 cm to 10 cm × 11 cm and changed by ∼1% when ROI changed from 0. 7 cm × 0. 7 cm to 8 cm × 8 cm, suggesting a good uniformity of the film. The film was successfully analyzed using the transmission scanning mode, calibration curves from both transmission and reflection scanning modes showed similar behavior. The calibration uncertainty was somewhat lower when the film was scanned using reflection mode (6% and 8% for reflection and transmission modes, respectively.) Higher scanning resolution came with increasing calibration uncertainty. The calibration uncertainty for reflection and transmission modes increased from ∼3.5% to 7% and from ∼3.5% to 9%, respectively when scanning resolution was changed from 50 to 400 dpi. Scanning the film on alternate sides using transmission mode led to variation of 16%-19% in the net optical density at doses commonly used for CBCT procedures. The film response changed by almost 10% when it was exposed to beams of two different energies (100 and 120 kVp.) Other features of the film such as film orientation, postexposure growth, and irradiation angular dependence were also investigated. CONCLUSIONS The size of film piece and analysis ROI used for calibration slightly affected the film response. Both transmission and reflection scanning modes can be used to analyze the Gafchromic XRQA2, with the reflection mode having a somewhat lower calibration uncertainty. Scanning films on alternate sides using transmission mode significantly affects the optical density. The film response was shown to be energy dependent. The films reached stability in about 6 h after exposure. The film response was proven to be independent of irradiation angle except when the beam is parallel to the film surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tawfik Giaddui
- Department Of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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McCaw TJ, Micka JA, Dewerd LA. Characterizing the marker-dye correction for Gafchromic(®) EBT2 film: a comparison of three analysis methods. Med Phys 2011; 38:5771-7. [PMID: 21992391 DOI: 10.1118/1.3639997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Gafchromic(®) EBT2 film has a yellow marker dye incorporated into the active layer of the film that can be used to correct the film response for small variations in thickness. This work characterizes the effect of the marker-dye correction on the uniformity and uncertainty of dose measurements with EBT2 film. The effect of variations in time postexposure on the uniformity of EBT2 is also investigated. METHODS EBT2 films were used to measure the flatness of a (60)Co field to provide a high-spatial resolution evaluation of the film uniformity. As a reference, the flatness of the (60)Co field was also measured with Kodak EDR2 films. The EBT2 films were digitized with a flatbed document scanner 24, 48, and 72 h postexposure, and the images were analyzed using three methods: (1) the manufacturer-recommended marker-dye correction, (2) an in-house marker-dye correction, and (3) a net optical density (OD) measurement in the red color channel. The field flatness was calculated from orthogonal profiles through the center of the field using each analysis method, and the results were compared with the EDR2 measurements. Uncertainty was propagated through a dose calculation for each analysis method. The change in the measured field flatness for increasing times postexposure was also determined. RESULTS Both marker-dye correction methods improved the field flatness measured with EBT2 film relative to the net OD method, with a maximum improvement of 1% using the manufacturer-recommended correction. However, the manufacturer-recommended correction also resulted in a dose uncertainty an order of magnitude greater than the other two methods. The in-house marker-dye correction lowered the dose uncertainty relative to the net OD method. The measured field flatness did not exhibit any unidirectional change with increasing time postexposure and showed a maximum change of 0.3%. CONCLUSIONS The marker dye in EBT2 can be used to improve the response uniformity of the film. Depending on the film analysis method used, however, application of a marker-dye correction can improve or degrade the dose uncertainty relative to the net OD method. The uniformity of EBT2 was found to be independent of the time postexposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis J McCaw
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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