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Shiklomanov NI, Streletskiy DA, Nelson FE, Hollister RD, Romanovsky VE, Tweedie CE, Bockheim JG, Brown J. Decadal variations of active-layer thickness in moisture-controlled landscapes, Barrow, Alaska. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jg001248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bock M, Schmitt J, Möller L, Spahni R, Blunier T, Fischer H. Hydrogen Isotopes Preclude Marine Hydrate CH
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Emissions at the Onset of Dansgaard-Oeschger Events. Science 2010; 328:1686-9. [PMID: 20576890 DOI: 10.1126/science.1187651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bock
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jochen Schmitt
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Lars Möller
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Renato Spahni
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Blunier
- Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Hubertus Fischer
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
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Abstract
Northern peatlands represent one of the largest biospheric carbon (C) reservoirs; however, the role of peatlands in the global carbon cycle remains intensely debated, owing in part to the paucity of detailed regional datasets and the complexity of the role of climate, ecosystem processes, and environmental factors in controlling peatland C dynamics. Here we used detailed C accumulation data from four peatlands and a compilation of peatland initiation ages across Alaska to examine Holocene peatland dynamics and climate sensitivity. We find that 75% of dated peatlands in Alaska initiated before 8,600 years ago and that early Holocene C accumulation rates were four times higher than the rest of the Holocene. Similar rapid peatland expansion occurred in West Siberia during the Holocene thermal maximum (HTM). Our results suggest that high summer temperature and strong seasonality during the HTM in Alaska might have played a major role in causing the highest rates of C accumulation and peatland expansion. The rapid peatland expansion and C accumulation in these vast regions contributed significantly to the peak of atmospheric methane concentrations in the early Holocene. Furthermore, we find that Alaskan peatlands began expanding much earlier than peatlands in other regions, indicating an important contribution of these peatlands to the pre-Holocene increase in atmospheric methane concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam C Jones
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. McCarthy
- James J. McCarthy is the Alexander Agassiz Professor of Biological Oceanography at Harvard University. He has served as president of the AAAS from February 2009 to February 2010. This essay is adapted from the Presidential Address he delivered at the AAAS Annual Meeting in Chicago on 12 February 2009
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Vogel J, Schuur EAG, Trucco C, Lee H. Response of CO2exchange in a tussock tundra ecosystem to permafrost thaw and thermokarst development. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jg000901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sasaki M, Imura S, Kudoh S, Yamanouchi T, Morimoto S, Hashida G. Methane efflux from bubbles suspended in ice-covered lakes in Syowa Oasis, East Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd011849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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57
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Petrenko VV, Smith AM, Brook EJ, Lowe D, Riedel K, Brailsford G, Hua Q, Schaefer H, Reeh N, Weiss RF, Etheridge D, Severinghaus JP. 14
CH
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Measurements in Greenland Ice: Investigating Last Glacial Termination CH
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Sources. Science 2009; 324:506-8. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1168909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasilii V. Petrenko
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew M. Smith
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Private Mail Box 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Edward J. Brook
- Department of Geosciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Dave Lowe
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Post Office Box 14901, Kilbirnie, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Katja Riedel
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Post Office Box 14901, Kilbirnie, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Gordon Brailsford
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Post Office Box 14901, Kilbirnie, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Quan Hua
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Private Mail Box 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Hinrich Schaefer
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., Post Office Box 14901, Kilbirnie, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Niels Reeh
- DTU Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads, Building 348, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ray F. Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Etheridge
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Marine and Atmospheric Research, Private Mail Box 1, Aspendale, VIC 3195, Australia
| | - Jeffrey P. Severinghaus
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- E. G. Nisbet
- Department of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - J. Chappellaz
- Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement, CNRS, University of Grenoble, BP 96, 38402 St. Martin d'Hères, France
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Schuur EAG, Bockheim J, Canadell JG, Euskirchen E, Field CB, Goryachkin SV, Hagemann S, Kuhry P, Lafleur PM, Lee H, Mazhitova G, Nelson FE, Rinke A, Romanovsky VE, Shiklomanov N, Tarnocai C, Venevsky S, Vogel JG, Zimov SA. Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon to Climate Change: Implications for the Global Carbon Cycle. Bioscience 2008. [DOI: 10.1641/b580807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1150] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Walter KM, Chanton JP, Chapin FS, Schuur EAG, Zimov SA. Methane production and bubble emissions from arctic lakes: Isotopic implications for source pathways and ages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jg000569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Changing boreal methane sources and constant biomass burning during the last termination. Nature 2008; 452:864-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nature06825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2007] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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63
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West JJ, Plug LJ. Time-dependent morphology of thaw lakes and taliks in deep and shallow ground ice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jf000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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