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Seknazi E, Mijowska S, Polishchuk I, Pokroy B. Incorporation of organic and inorganic impurities into the lattice of metastable vaterite. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00849g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Highly substituted Mg-vaterite and Ba-vaterite were synthesized in the presence of aspartic acid and characterized by means of synchrotron XRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Seknazi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russel Berrie Nanotechnology Institute
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000
- Israel
| | - Sylwia Mijowska
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russel Berrie Nanotechnology Institute
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000
- Israel
| | - Iryna Polishchuk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russel Berrie Nanotechnology Institute
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000
- Israel
| | - Boaz Pokroy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russel Berrie Nanotechnology Institute
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000
- Israel
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52
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Eder M, Amini S, Fratzl P. Biological composites-complex structures for functional diversity. Science 2018; 362:543-547. [PMID: 30385570 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat8297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The bulk of Earth's biological materials consist of few base substances-essentially proteins, polysaccharides, and minerals-that assemble into large varieties of structures. Multifunctionality arises naturally from this structural complexity: An example is the combination of rigidity and flexibility in protein-based teeth of the squid sucker ring. Other examples are time-delayed actuation in plant seed pods triggered by environmental signals, such as fire and water, and surface nanostructures that combine light manipulation with mechanical protection or water repellency. Bioinspired engineering transfers some of these structural principles into technically more relevant base materials to obtain new, often unexpected combinations of material properties. Less appreciated is the huge potential of using bioinspired structural complexity to avoid unnecessary chemical diversity, enabling easier recycling and, thus, a more sustainable materials economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Eder
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Shahrouz Amini
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Research Campus Golm, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.
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53
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Noskov RE, Shishkin II, Barhom H, Ginzburg P. Non-Mie optical resonances in anisotropic biomineral nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:21031-21040. [PMID: 30427038 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07561a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of nanoparticles have attracted continuous attention owing to their high fundamental and applied importance across many disciplines. A recently emerged field of all-dielectric nanophotonics employs optically induced electric and magnetic Mie resonances in dielectric nanoparticles with a high refractive index. This property allows obtaining additional valuable degrees of freedom to control the optical responses of nanophotonic structures. Here we propose a conceptually distinct approach towards reaching optical resonances in dielectric nanoparticles. We show that, lacking conventional Mie resonances, low-index nanoparticles can exhibit a novel anisotropy-induced family of non-Mie eigenmodes. Specifically, we investigate light interactions with calcite and vaterite nanospheres and compare them with the Mie scattering by a fused silica sphere. Having close permittivities and the same dimensions, these particles exhibit significantly different scattering behavior owing to their internal structure. While a fused silica sphere does not demonstrate any spectral features, the uniaxial structure of the permittivity tensor for calcite and the non-diagonal permittivity tensor for vaterite result in a set of distinguishable peaks in scattering spectra. Multipole decomposition and eigenmode analysis reveal that these peaks are associated with a new family of electric and magnetic resonances. We identify magnetic dipole modes of ordinary, extraordinary and hybrid polarization as well as complex electric dipole resonances, featuring a significant toroidal electric dipole moment. As both vaterite and calcite are biominerals, naturally synthesized and exploited by a variety of living organisms, our results provide an indispensable toolbox for understanding and elucidating the mechanisms behind the optical functionalities of true biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman E Noskov
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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54
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Dejoie C, Coduri M, Petitdemange S, Giacobbe C, Covacci E, Grimaldi O, Autran PO, Mogodi MW, Šišak Jung D, Fitch AN. Combining a nine-crystal multi-analyser stage with a two-dimensional detector for high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction. J Appl Crystallogr 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576718014589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-resolution powder diffraction beamline at ESRF (ID22), built with a dual-undulator source on the 6 GeV storage ring, combines a wide continuous range of incident energy (6–80 keV) with high brightness, offering the possibility to carry out high-flux high-resolution powder diffraction measurements. In routine operation, a bank of nine scintillation detectors is scanned vertically to measure the diffracted intensity versus 2θ, each detector being preceded by an Si 111 analyser crystal. Although the current detector system has operated successfully for the past 20 years, recent developments in detector technology could be exploited to improve the overall performance. With this in mind, as a test, a two-dimensional Pilatus3 X CdTe 300 K-W pixel detector has been mounted on the arm of the diffractometer, replacing the nine scintillator detectors. At each nominal 2θ value, a two-dimensional image is recorded showing nine distinct regions corresponding to the diffraction signals passing via each of the analyser crystals. This arrangement offers new flexibility in terms of data handling and processing, with the possibility to optimize both peak shape and statistics, to remove parasitic effects, and to gain spatial resolution information. Combining the high efficiency of a hybrid photon-counting area detector with the high angular resolution given by analyser crystals is an effective approach to improving the overall performance of high-resolution powder diffraction.
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55
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Seknazi E, Pokroy B. Residual Strain and Stress in Biocrystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707263. [PMID: 29766594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of residual strains within a material is a valuable engineering technique for increasing the material's strength and toughness. Residual strains occur naturally in some biominerals and are an important feature that is recently highlighted in biomineral studies. Here, manifestations of internal residual strains detected in biominerals are reviewed. The mechanisms by which they develop, as well as their impact on the biominerals' mechanical properties, are described. The question as to whether they can be utilized in multiscale strengthening and toughening strategies for biominerals is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Seknazi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
| | - Boaz Pokroy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel
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56
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Wang X, Liu C, Wang T, Jiang J. Air–water interfacial assembly of all-aromatic-substituted double-decker phthalocyanine forms aligned nanoparticles. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618500712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this manuscript, unexpected supramolecular assembly of [Formula: see text]-conjugated molecules containing complex aromatic substituents was investigated. The air–water interfacial assembly of double-decker phthalocyanines containing sixteen phenol substituents (Ce(Pc2)[Formula: see text] and Y(Pc2)[Formula: see text] form aligned nanoparticles. Depending on the different surface pressure, the Ce(Pc2)[Formula: see text] self-assembled nanostructures can be regulated thoroughly. Although Ce(Pc2)[Formula: see text] and Y(Pc2)[Formula: see text] have only aromatic substituent groups, no H- or J-aggregation of [Formula: see text]-conjugated systems can be detected from the UV-vis spectra of the assemblies of these double-decker phthalocyanines. When the nanostructures of these assemblies were changed greatly, no corresponding changes of UV-vis spectra and FT-IR spectra could be detected. These unusual results can be understood from the balance between the hydrophilicity of aromatic substituents and the ether linkages of double-decker phthalocyanines and the surface pressure, and open new. approaches for supramolecular assembly of complex [Formula: see text]-conjugated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqian Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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57
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Zolotoyabko E. Effect of the solid/liquid interface structure on X-ray diffraction in nano-biocomposites. J Appl Crystallogr 2018. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576718006167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
It is shown that periodic modulation of electron density in a liquid layer surrounding a nanocrystal may influence considerably the width of a conventional diffraction profile taken along the normal direction to the liquid/solid interface. The kinematic approximation is used to develop an analytical expression for the diffraction profile, assuming that the degree of order in the modulated liquid-like layers diminishes exponentially with the distance from the interface, which is characterized by the correlation length,L. Owing to the above-mentioned modulation, the sizes of nanocrystals extracted from the width of diffraction profiles will appear larger than they really are. Molecular ordering is destroyed by mild annealing or pressure application, resulting in substantial broadening of X-ray diffraction lines. This effect may be most significant in nano-biocomposites, such as bone and tooth dentin, comprising substantial amounts of water (tens of percent). It is calculated that forL≃ 1 nm and a net crystallite thickness ofT< 50 nm, the relative change in profile width can reach a few percent, which is easily measurable. The obtained simulation results are compared with existing experimental data.
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58
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Pópity-Tóth É, Schuszter G, Horváth D, Tóth Á. Peristalticity-driven banded chemical garden. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:184701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5023465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- É. Pópity-Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720,
Hungary
| | - G. Schuszter
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720,
Hungary
| | - D. Horváth
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720,
Hungary
| | - Á. Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1, Szeged H-6720,
Hungary
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59
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Sumner-Rooney L, Rahman IA, Sigwart JD, Ullrich-Lüter E. Whole-body photoreceptor networks are independent of 'lenses' in brittle stars. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:rspb.2017.2590. [PMID: 29367398 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoreception and vision are fundamental aspects of animal sensory biology and ecology, but important gaps remain in our understanding of these processes in many species. The colour-changing brittle star Ophiocoma wendtii is iconic in vision research, speculatively possessing a unique whole-body visual system that incorporates information from nerve bundles underlying thousands of crystalline 'microlenses'. The hypothesis that these might form a sophisticated compound eye-like system regulated by chromatophores has been extensively reiterated, with investigations into biomimetic optics and similar supposedly 'visual' structures in living and fossil taxa. However, no photoreceptors or visual behaviours have ever been identified. We present the first evidence of photoreceptor networks in three Ophiocoma species, both with and without microlenses and colour-changing behaviour. High-resolution microscopy, immunohistochemistry and synchrotron tomography demonstrate that putative photoreceptors cover the animals' oral, lateral and aboral surfaces, but are absent at the hypothesized focal points of the microlenses. The structural optics of these crystal 'lenses' are an exaptation and do not fulfil any apparent visual role. This contradicts previous studies, yet the photoreceptor network in Ophiocoma appears even more widespread than previously anticipated, both taxonomically and anatomically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Sumner-Rooney
- Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, UK .,Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Julia D Sigwart
- Queen's University Marine Laboratory, Queen's University Belfast, Portaferry, Northern Ireland.,Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Esther Ullrich-Lüter
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
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60
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Das NP, Müller B, Tóth Á, Horváth D, Schuszter G. Macroscale precipitation kinetics: towards complex precipitate structure design. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:19768-19775. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01798k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Producing self-assembled inorganic precipitate micro- and macro-structures with tailored properties may pave the way for new possibilities in, e.g., materials science and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmali Prabha Das
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Szeged
- Szeged
- Hungary
| | - Brigitta Müller
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Szeged
- Szeged
- Hungary
| | - Ágota Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Szeged
- Szeged
- Hungary
| | - Dezső Horváth
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry
- University of Szeged
- Szeged
- Hungary
| | - Gábor Schuszter
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science
- University of Szeged
- Szeged
- Hungary
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