2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria for Takayasu arteritis

Thoracic Compressive Myelopathy in a Patient With Takayasu Arteritis

Takayasu arteritis (TA), also known as occlusive thromboaortopathy, is a type of chronic inflammatory arteritis that primarily affects large vessels. Compressive thoracic myelopathy is a rare and distinct manifestation of TA. We present the case of a 60-year-old woman who developed gradually progressive spastic paraplegia over one year. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined extra-dual, intensely enhancing ventrodorsal lesion with severe spinal cord impingement. The aortogram revealed dilatation of the aortic arch (with narrowing of arch vessels) and descending aorta, as well as a right paravertebral soft tissue mass at the D4 level. Given the likelihood of TA, the patient underwent decompressive laminectomy and spinal fusion due to severe spinal cord compression. The biopsy of the dural-based lesion revealed an inflammatory granuloma, and the patient was treated postoperatively with oral prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil. After six months of immunotherapy, there was excellent neurological recovery and near-total resolution of the lesion.

[Vasculitis as a cause of stroke]

The review considers the clinical picture, key aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of vasculitis that are the causes of strokes (giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, varicella zoster virus vasculopathy, cerebrovascular pathology caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, primary CNS angiitis, adenosine deaminase-2 deficiency).