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Stenvall CGA, Nyström JH, Butler-Hallissey C, Jansson T, Heikkilä TRH, Adam SA, Foisner R, Goldman RD, Ridge KM, Toivola DM. Cytoplasmic keratins couple with and maintain nuclear envelope integrity in colonic epithelial cells. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar121. [PMID: 36001365 PMCID: PMC9634972 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-06-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratin intermediate filaments convey mechanical stability and protection against stress to epithelial cells. Keratins are essential for colon health, as seen in keratin 8 knockout (K8-/-) mice exhibiting a colitis phenotype. We hypothesized that keratins support the nuclear envelope and lamina in colonocytes. K8-/- colonocytes in vivo exhibit significantly decreased levels of lamins A/C, B1, and B2 in a colon-specific and cell-intrinsic manner. CRISPR/Cas9- or siRNA-mediated K8 knockdown in Caco-2 cells similarly decreased lamin levels, which recovered after reexpression of K8 following siRNA treatment. Nuclear area was not decreased, and roundness was only marginally increased in cells without K8. Down-regulation of K8 in adult K8flox/flox;Villin-CreERt2 mice following tamoxifen administration significantly decreased lamin levels at day 4 when K8 levels had reduced to 40%. K8 loss also led to reduced levels of plectin, LINC complex, and lamin-associated proteins. While keratins were not seen in the nucleoplasm without or with leptomycin B treatment, keratins were found intimately located at the nuclear envelope and complexed with SUN2 and lamin A. Furthermore, K8 loss in Caco-2 cells compromised nuclear membrane integrity basally and after shear stress. In conclusion, colonocyte K8 helps maintain nuclear envelope and lamina composition and contributes to nuclear integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joel H. Nyström
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University
| | - Ciarán Butler-Hallissey
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, and Åbo Akademi University, and,Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, INP UMR7051, NeuroCyto, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Theresia Jansson
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University
| | - Taina R. H. Heikkilä
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University
| | | | - Roland Foisner
- Max Perutz Labs, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter Campus, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Karen M. Ridge
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and,Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Diana M. Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University,InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, 20500 Turku, Finland,Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland,*Address correspondence to: Diana M. Toivola ()
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52
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Atypical nuclear envelope condensates linked to neurological disorders reveal nucleoporin-directed chaperone activities. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1630-1641. [PMID: 36302970 PMCID: PMC10041656 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
DYT1 dystonia is a debilitating neurological movement disorder arising from mutation in the AAA+ ATPase TorsinA. The hallmark of Torsin dysfunction is nuclear envelope blebbing resulting from defects in nuclear pore complex biogenesis. Whether blebs actively contribute to disease manifestation is unknown. We report that FG-nucleoporins in the bleb lumen form aberrant condensates and contribute to DYT1 dystonia by provoking two proteotoxic insults. Short-lived ubiquitylated proteins that are normally rapidly degraded partition into the bleb lumen and become stabilized. In addition, blebs selectively sequester a specific HSP40-HSP70 chaperone network that is modulated by the bleb component MLF2. MLF2 suppresses the ectopic accumulation of FG-nucleoporins and modulates the selective properties and size of condensates in vitro. Our study identifies dual mechanisms of proteotoxicity in the context of condensate formation and establishes FG-nucleoporin-directed activities for a nuclear chaperone network.
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53
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Shaw NM, Rios-Monterrosa JL, Fedorchak GR, Ketterer MR, Coombs GS, Lammerding J, Wallrath LL. Effects of mutant lamins on nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling in Drosophila models of LMNA muscular dystrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:934586. [PMID: 36120560 PMCID: PMC9471154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.934586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclei of multinucleated skeletal muscles experience substantial external force during development and muscle contraction. Protection from such forces is partly provided by lamins, intermediate filaments that form a scaffold lining the inner nuclear membrane. Lamins play a myriad of roles, including maintenance of nuclear shape and stability, mediation of nuclear mechanoresponses, and nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling. Herein, we investigate how disease-causing mutant lamins alter myonuclear properties in response to mechanical force. This was accomplished via a novel application of a micropipette harpooning assay applied to larval body wall muscles of Drosophila models of lamin-associated muscular dystrophy. The assay enables the measurement of both nuclear deformability and intracellular force transmission between the cytoskeleton and nuclear interior in intact muscle fibers. Our studies revealed that specific mutant lamins increase nuclear deformability while other mutant lamins cause nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling defects, which were associated with loss of microtubular nuclear caging. We found that microtubule caging of the nucleus depended on Msp300, a KASH domain protein that is a component of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. Taken together, these findings identified residues in lamins required for connecting the nucleus to the cytoskeleton and suggest that not all muscle disease-causing mutant lamins produce similar defects in subcellular mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jose L. Rios-Monterrosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gregory R. Fedorchak
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Margaret R. Ketterer
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gary S. Coombs
- Biology Department, Waldorf University, Forest City, IA, United States
| | - Jan Lammerding
- The Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Lori L. Wallrath
- Department of Biochemistry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lori L. Wallrath,
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Cheng LC, Zhang X, Abhinav K, Nguyen JA, Baboo S, Martinez-Bartolomé S, Branon TC, Ting AY, Loose E, Yates JR, Gerace L. Shared and Distinctive Neighborhoods of Emerin and Lamin B Receptor Revealed by Proximity Labeling and Quantitative Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2197-2210. [PMID: 35972904 PMCID: PMC9442789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Emerin and lamin B receptor (LBR) are abundant transmembrane
proteins
of the nuclear envelope that are concentrated at the inner nuclear
membrane (INM). Although both proteins interact with chromatin and
nuclear lamins, they have distinctive biochemical and functional properties.
Here, we have deployed proximity labeling using the engineered biotin
ligase TurboID (TbID) and quantitative proteomics to compare the neighborhoods
of emerin and LBR in cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Our analysis
revealed 232 high confidence proximity partners that interact selectively
with emerin and/or LBR, 49 of which are shared by both. These included
previously characterized NE-concentrated proteins, as well as a host
of additional proteins not previously linked to emerin or LBR functions.
Many of these are TM proteins of the ER, including two E3 ubiquitin
ligases. Supporting these results, we found that 11/12 representative
proximity relationships identified by TbID also were detected at the
NE with the proximity ligation assay. Overall, this work presents
methodology that may be used for large-scale mapping of the landscape
of the INM and reveals a group of new proteins with potential functional
connections to emerin and LBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chun Cheng
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Kanishk Abhinav
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Julie A Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sabyasachi Baboo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Salvador Martinez-Bartolomé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tess C Branon
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Alice Y Ting
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Esther Loose
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Larry Gerace
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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Nowacki JC, Fields AM, Fu MM. Emerging cellular themes in leukodystrophies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:902261. [PMID: 36003149 PMCID: PMC9393611 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.902261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukodystrophies are a broad spectrum of neurological disorders that are characterized primarily by deficiencies in myelin formation. Clinical manifestations of leukodystrophies usually appear during childhood and common symptoms include lack of motor coordination, difficulty with or loss of ambulation, issues with vision and/or hearing, cognitive decline, regression in speech skills, and even seizures. Many cases of leukodystrophy can be attributed to genetic mutations, but they have diverse inheritance patterns (e.g., autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, or X-linked) and some arise from de novo mutations. In this review, we provide an updated overview of 35 types of leukodystrophies and focus on cellular mechanisms that may underlie these disorders. We find common themes in specialized functions in oligodendrocytes, which are specialized producers of membranes and myelin lipids. These mechanisms include myelin protein defects, lipid processing and peroxisome dysfunction, transcriptional and translational dysregulation, disruptions in cytoskeletal organization, and cell junction defects. In addition, non-cell-autonomous factors in astrocytes and microglia, such as autoimmune reactivity, and intercellular communication, may also play a role in leukodystrophy onset. We hope that highlighting these themes in cellular dysfunction in leukodystrophies may yield conceptual insights on future therapeutic approaches.
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Madsen-Østerbye J, Bellanger A, Galigniana NM, Collas P. Biology and Model Predictions of the Dynamics and Heterogeneity of Chromatin-Nuclear Lamina Interactions. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:913458. [PMID: 35693945 PMCID: PMC9178083 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.913458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations of chromatin with the nuclear lamina, at the nuclear periphery, help shape the genome in 3 dimensions. The genomic landscape of lamina-associated domains (LADs) is well characterized, but much remains unknown on the physical and mechanistic properties of chromatin conformation at the nuclear lamina. Computational models of chromatin folding at, and interactions with, a surface representing the nuclear lamina are emerging in attempts to characterize these properties and predict chromatin behavior at the lamina in health and disease. Here, we highlight the heterogeneous nature of the nuclear lamina and LADs, outline the main 3-dimensional chromatin structural modeling methods, review applications of modeling chromatin-lamina interactions and discuss biological insights inferred from these models in normal and disease states. Lastly, we address perspectives on future developments in modeling chromatin interactions with the nuclear lamina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Madsen-Østerbye
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aurélie Bellanger
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Natalia M. Galigniana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Philippe Collas
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- *Correspondence: Philippe Collas,
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57
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Clinical Profile, Arrhythmias, and Adverse Cardiac Outcomes in Emery–Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophies: A Systematic Review of the Literature. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040530. [PMID: 35453731 PMCID: PMC9031530 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiolaminopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders which are due to mutations in the genes encoding for nuclear lamins or their binding proteins. The whole spectrum of cardiac manifestations encompasses atrial arrhythmias, conduction disturbances, progressive systolic dysfunction, and malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Despite the prognostic significance of cardiac involvement in this setting, the current recommendations lack strong evidence. The aim of our work was to systematically review the current data on the main cardiovascular outcomes in cardiolaminopathies. We searched PubMed/Embase for studies focusing on cardiovascular outcomes in LMNA mutation carriers (atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death, conduction disturbances, thromboembolic events, systolic dysfunction, heart transplantation, and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality). In total, 11 studies were included (1070 patients, mean age between 26–45 years, with follow-up periods ranging from 2.5 years up to 45 ± 12). When available, data on the EMD-mutated population were separately reported (40 patients). The incidence rates (IR) were individually assessed for the outcomes of interest. The IR for atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter/atrial tachycardia ranged between 6.1 and 13.9 events/100 pts–year. The IR of atrial standstill ranged between 0 and 2 events/100 pts-year. The IR for malignant ventricular arrhythmias reached 10.2 events/100 pts–year and 15.6 events/100 pts–year for appropriate implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) interventions. The IR for advanced conduction disturbances ranged between 3.2 and 7.7 events/100 pts–year. The IR of thromboembolic events reached up to 8.9 events/100 pts–year. Our results strengthen the need for periodic cardiological evaluation focusing on the early recognition of atrial arrhythmias, and possibly for the choice of preventive strategies for thromboembolic events. The frequent need for cardiac pacing due to advanced conduction disturbances should be counterbalanced with the high risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias that would justify ICD over pacemaker implantation.
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