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Willobee BA, Gaidarski AA, Dosch AR, Castellanos JA, Dai X, Mehra S, Messaggio F, Srinivasan S, VanSaun MN, Nagathihalli NS, Merchant NB. Combined Blockade of MEK and CDK4/6 Pathways Induces Senescence to Improve Survival in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1246-1256. [PMID: 34001634 PMCID: PMC8260447 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Activating KRAS mutations, a defining feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), promote tumor growth in part through the activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) that induce cell-cycle progression. p16INK4a (p16), encoded by the gene CDKN2A, is a potent inhibitor of CDK4/6 and serves as a critical checkpoint of cell proliferation. Mutations in and subsequent loss of the p16 gene occur in PDAC at a rate higher than that reported in any other tumor type and results in Rb inactivation and unrestricted cellular growth. Therefore, strategies targeting downstream RAS pathway effectors combined with CDK4/6 inhibition (CDK4/6i) may have the potential to improve outcomes in this disease. Herein, we show that expression of p16 is markedly reduced in PDAC tumors compared with normal pancreatic or pre-neoplastic tissues. Combined MEK inhibition (MEKi) and CDK4/6i results in sustained downregulation of both ERK and Rb phosphorylation and a significant reduction in cell proliferation compared with monotherapy in human PDAC cells. MEKi with CDK4/6i reduces tumor cell proliferation by promoting senescence-mediated growth arrest, independent of apoptosis in vitro We show that combined MEKi and CDK4/6i treatment attenuates tumor growth in xenograft models of PDAC and improves overall survival over 200% compared with treatment with vehicle or individual agents alone in Ptf1acre/+ ;LSL-KRASG12D/+ ;Tgfbr2flox/flox (PKT) mice. Histologic analysis of PKT tumor lysates reveal a significant decrease in markers of cell proliferation and an increase in senescence-associated markers without any significant change in apoptosis. These results demonstrate that combined targeting of both MEK and CDK4/6 represents a novel therapeutic strategy to synergistically reduce tumor growth through induction of cellular senescence in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent A Willobee
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Alexander A Gaidarski
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Austin R Dosch
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jason A Castellanos
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xizi Dai
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Siddharth Mehra
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Fanuel Messaggio
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Supriya Srinivasan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Michael N VanSaun
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Nagaraj S Nagathihalli
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Nipun B Merchant
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
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D'Amico D, Andreux PA, Valdés P, Singh A, Rinsch C, Auwerx J. Impact of the Natural Compound Urolithin A on Health, Disease, and Aging. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:687-699. [PMID: 34030963 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Urolithin A (UA) is a natural compound produced by gut bacteria from ingested ellagitannins (ETs) and ellagic acid (EA), complex polyphenols abundant in foods such as pomegranate, berries, and nuts. UA was discovered 40 years ago, but only recently has its impact on aging and disease been explored. UA enhances cellular health by increasing mitophagy and mitochondrial function and reducing detrimental inflammation. Several preclinical studies show how UA protects against aging and age-related conditions affecting muscle, brain, joints, and other organs. In humans, benefits of UA supplementation in the muscle are supported by recent clinical trials in elderly people. Here, we review the state of the art of UA's biology and its translational potential as a nutritional intervention in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide D'Amico
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Pénélope A Andreux
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pamela Valdés
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anurag Singh
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chris Rinsch
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Raj SD, Fann DY, Wong E, Kennedy BK. Natural products as geroprotectors: An autophagy perspective. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:3118-3155. [PMID: 33973253 DOI: 10.1002/med.21815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, significant attention has been given to repurposing Food and Drug Administration approved drugs to treat age-related diseases. In contrast, less consideration has been given to natural bioactive compounds. Consequently, there have been limited attempts to translate these compounds. Autophagy is a fundamental biological pathway linked to aging, and numerous strategies to enhance autophagy have been shown to extend lifespan. Interestingly, there are a number of natural products that are reported to modulate autophagy, and here we describe a number of them that activate autophagy through diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms. Among these, Urolithin A, Spermidine, Resveratrol, Fatty Acids and Phospholipids, Trehalose and Lithium are featured in detail. Finally, we outline possible strategies to optimise and increase the translatability of natural products, with the overall aim of delaying the ageing process and improving human healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Raj
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Centre For Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Y Fann
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Centre For Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esther Wong
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Centre For Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brian K Kennedy
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Centre For Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore
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Zhang C, Huang L, Xiong J, Xie L, Ying S, Jia Y, Yao Y, Song X, Zeng Z, Yuan J. Isoalantolactone inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation by regulation of PI3K and Wnt signal pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247752. [PMID: 33661942 PMCID: PMC7932101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Isoalantolactone (IATL) is one of multiple isomeric sesquiterpene lactones and is isolated from inula helenium. IATL has multiple functions such as antibacterial, antihelminthic and antiproliferative activities. IATL also inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation and induces apoptosis by increasing ROS production. However, the detailed mechanism of IATL-mediated pancreatic cancer apoptosis remains largely unknown. METHODS In current study, pancreatic carcinoma cell lines (PANC-1, AsPC-1, BxPC-3) and a mouse xenograft model were used to determine the mechanism of IATL-mediated toxic effects. RESULTS IATL (20μM) inhibited pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines proliferation in a time-dependent way; while scratch assay showed that IATL significantly inhibited PANC-1 scratch closure (P<0.05); Invasion assays indicated that IATL significantly attenuated pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines invasion on matrigel. Signal analysis showed that IATL inhibited pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell proliferation by blocking EGF-PI3K-Skp2-Akt signal axis. Moreover, IATL induced pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis by increasing cytosolic Caspase3 and Box expression. This apoptosis was mediated by inhibition of canonical wnt signal pathway. Finally, xenograft studies showed that IATL also significantly inhibited pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and induced pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell apoptosis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS IATL inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation and induces apoptosis on cellular and in vivo models. Signal pathway studies reveal that EGF-PI3K-Skp2-Akt signal axis and canonical wnt pathway are involved in IATL-mediated cellular proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. These studies indicate that IATL may provide a future potential therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiong Zhang
- Research Center for Occupational Respiratory Disease, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linshen Xie
- Research Center for Occupational Respiratory Disease, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Ying
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - You Jia
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- Research Center for Occupational Respiratory Disease, West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejiao Song
- Healthy Food Evaluation Center, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenguo Zeng
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jialing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Therapeutic applications and biological activities of bacterial bioactive extracts. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4755-4776. [PMID: 34370077 PMCID: PMC8349711 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria are rich in a wide variety of secondary metabolites, such as pigments, alkaloids, antibiotics, and others. These bioactive microbial products serve a great application in human and animal health. Their molecular diversity allows these natural products to possess several therapeutic attributes and biological functions. That's why the current natural drug industry focuses on uncovering all the possible ailments and diseases that could be combated by bacterial extracts and their secondary metabolites. In this paper, we review the major utilizations of bacterial natural products for the treatment of cancer, inflammatory diseases, allergies, autoimmune diseases, infections and other diseases that threaten public health. We also elaborate on the identified biological activities of bacterial secondary metabolites including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antioxidant activities all of which are essential nowadays with the emergence of drug-resistant microbial pathogens. Throughout this review, we discuss the possible mechanisms of actions in which bacterial-derived biologically active molecular entities could possess healing properties to inspire the development of new therapeutic agents in academia and industry.
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Cheng F, Dou J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wei H, Zhang Z, Cao Y, Wu Z. Urolithin A Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Lung Cancer Cells via P53-Mdm2-Snail Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:3199-3208. [PMID: 34040386 PMCID: PMC8139733 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s305595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process in tumor progression that endows cancer cells with migratory and invasive potential. Snail, a zinc finger transcriptional repressor, plays an important role in the induction of EMT by directly repressing the key epithelial marker E-cadherin. Here, we assessed the effect of urolithin A, a major metabolite from pomegranate ellagitannins, on Snail expression and EMT process. METHODS The role of Snail in urolithin A-induced EMT inhibition in lung cancer cells was explored by wound healing assay and cell invasion assay. The qRT-PCR and CHX assay were performed to investigate how urolithin A regulates Snail expression. Immunoprecipitation assays were established to determine the effects of urolithin A in mdm2-Snail interaction. In addition, the expression of p53 was manipulated to explore its effect on the expression of mdm2 and Snail. RESULTS The urolithin A dose-dependently upregulated epithelial marker and decreased mesenchymal markers in lung cancer cells. In addition, exposure to urolithin A decreased cell migratory and invasive capacity. We have further demonstrated that urolithin A inhibits lung cancer cell EMT by decreasing Snail protein expression and activity. Mechanistically, urolithin A disrupts the interaction of p53 and mdm2 which leads Snail ubiquitination and degradation. CONCLUSION We conclude that urolithin A could inhibit EMT process by controlling mainly Snail expression. These results highlighted the role of pomegranate in regulation of EMT program in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jintao Dou
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- School of Anesthesiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijun Wei
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Cao
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-Evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- Research Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules Research, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Non-Coding RNA Transformation Research of Anhui Higher Education Institution, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhihao Wu Research Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, People’s Republic of China Email
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Preclinical Evaluation of Oral Urolithin-A for the Treatment of Acute Campylobacteriosis in Campylobacter jejuni Infected Microbiota-Depleted IL-10 -/- Mice. Pathogens 2020; 10:pathogens10010007. [PMID: 33374868 PMCID: PMC7823290 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human campylobacteriosis represents an infectious enteritis syndrome caused by Campylobacter species, mostly Campylobacter jejuni. Given that C. jejuni infections are rising worldwide and antibiotic treatment is usually not indicated, novel treatment options for campylobacteriosis are needed. Urolithin-A constitutes a metabolite produced by the human gut microbiota from ellagitannins and ellagic acids in berries and nuts which have been known for their health-beneficial including anti-inflammatory effects since centuries. Therefore, we investigated potential pathogen-lowering and immunomodulatory effects following oral application of synthetic urolithin-A during acute campylobacteriosis applying perorally C. jejuni infected, microbiota-depleted IL-10-/- mice as preclinical inflammation model. On day 6 post infection, urolithin-A treated mice harbored slightly lower pathogen loads in their ileum, but not colon as compared to placebo counterparts. Importantly, urolithin-A treatment resulted in an improved clinical outcome and less pronounced macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory sequelae of infection that were paralleled by less pronounced intestinal pro-inflammatory immune responses which could even be observed systemically. In conclusion, this preclinical murine intervention study provides first evidence that oral urolithin-A application is a promising treatment option for acute C. jejuni infection and paves the way for future clinical studies in human campylobacteriosis.
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Metabolic profiling, in vitro bioaccessibility and in vivo bioavailability of a commercial bioactive Epilobium angustifolium L. extract. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Urolithin A Prevents Focal Cerebral Ischemic Injury via Attenuating Apoptosis and Neuroinflammation in Mice. Neuroscience 2020; 448:94-106. [PMID: 32946950 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation contributes to neuronal death in cerebral ischemia. Urolithin A (UA), a gut microbial metabolite of ellagic acid, has emerged as a potential anti-inflammatory agent. However, its roles and precise mechanisms in stroke remain unknown. Here we found that UA treatment ameliorated infarction, neurological deficit scores, and spatial memory deficits after cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, UA significantly reduced neuron loss and promoted neurogenesis after ischemic stroke. We also found that UA attenuated apoptosis by regulating apoptotic-related proteins. Meanwhile, UA treatment inhibited glial activation via affecting inflammatory signaling pathways, specifically by enhancing cerebral AMPK and IκBa activation while decreasing the activation of Akt, P65NFκB, ERK, JNK, and P38MAPK. Our findings reveal a key role of UA against ischemic stroke through modulating apoptosis and neuroinflammation in mice.
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Kujawska M, Jodynis-Liebert J. Potential of the ellagic acid-derived gut microbiota metabolite - Urolithin A in gastrointestinal protection. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:3170-3181. [PMID: 32684733 PMCID: PMC7336321 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i23.3170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urolithin A (UA) is a metabolic compound generated during the biotransformation of ellagitannins by the intestinal bacteria. The physiologically relevant micromolar concentrations of UA, achieved in the plasma and gastrointestinal tract (GI) after consumption of its dietary precursors, have been revealed to offer GI protection. The health benefit has been demonstrated to be principally related to anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects. UA has been shown to possess the capability to regulate multiple tumor and inflammatory signaling pathways and to modulate enzyme activity, including those involved in carcinogen biotransformation and antioxidant defense. The purpose of this review is to gather evidence from both in vitro and in vivo studies showing the potential of UA in GI protection alongside suggested mechanisms by which UA can protect against cancer and inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract. The data presented herein, covering both studies on the pure compound and in vivo generated UA form its natural precursor, support the potential of this metabolite in treatment interventions against GI ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kujawska
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60631, Poland
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Wei L, Zhang X, Wang J, Ye Q, Zheng X, Peng Q, Zheng Y, Liu P, Zhang X, Li Z, Liu C, Yan Q, Li G, Ma J. Lactoferrin deficiency induces a pro-metastatic tumor microenvironment through recruiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice. Oncogene 2019; 39:122-135. [PMID: 31462711 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0970-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin, an innate immunity molecule, is involved in anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-tumor activities. We previously reported that lactoferrin is downregulated in specimens of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and negatively associated with tumor progression and metastasis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, the relationship between lactoferrin and the pro-metastatic microenvironment has not been reported yet. Here, by using the lactoferrin knockout mouse, we found that lactoferrin deficiency facilitated melanoma cells metastasizing to lungs, through recruiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the lungs. Mechanistic studies showed that in the lung microenvironment of the lactoferrin knockout mice, the TLR9 signaling was the most repressed signaling. Lactoferrin can induce MDSCs differentiation and apoptosis, as well as upregulate TLR9 expression. TLR9 agonist or lactoferrin treatment can rescue this phenotype in the tumor metastasis mouse model. Our results suggest a protective role of lactoferrin in cancer metastasis, along with a deficiency in certain components of the innate immune system, may lead to a pro-metastatic tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Wei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiurong Ye
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Center for Medical Research, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peishan Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhang
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengshuo Li
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Changsha, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Chen Y, Wang J, Wang X, Li X, Song J, Fang J, Liu X, Liu T, Wang D, Li Q, Wen S, Ma D, Xia J, Luo L, Zheng SG, Cui J, Zeng G, Chen L, Cheng B, Wang Z. Pik3ip1 Is a Negative Immune Regulator that Inhibits Antitumor T-Cell Immunity. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6180-6194. [PMID: 31350312 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple negative regulators restrict the ability of T cells to attack tumors. This work demonstrates the role of PI3K-interacting protein 1 (Pik3ip1) in restraining T-cell responses and antitumor immunity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN An anti-Pik3ip1 mAb was generated to identify the Pik3ip1 expression pattern of hematopoietic cells. Pik3ip1 -/- mice and a Pik3ip1 fusion protein were generated to investigate the effect of Pik3ip1 on T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity in MC38 and B16-F10 tumor models. Immunoblotting and confocal microscopy were used to identify inhibitory effects of Pik3ip1 on T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Pik3ip1 expression was quantified, and its impact on T-cell function in human tumors was measured. RESULTS We demonstrated that Pik3ip1 was predominantly expressed on T cells and served as an essential rheostat for T-cell-mediated immunity. A Pik3ip1 genetic deficiency led to enhanced T-cell responsiveness upon immunization with a neoantigen. Pik3ip1 -/- mice exhibited a marked increase in antitumor immunity and were resistant to tumor growth. Furthermore, Pik3ip1 extracellular domain fusion protein enhanced MC38 tumor growth was observed. Mechanistically, we found that Pik3ip1 inhibited TCR signaling by mediating the degradation of SLP76 through Pik3ip1 oligomerization via its extracellular region. Consistent with the results from the mouse models, PIK3IP1 expression correlated with T-cell dysfunction in human tumors. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal a critical role for Pik3ip1 as a novel inhibitory immune regulator of T-cell responses and provide a potential molecular target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Chen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Xi Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xinye Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Fang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqi Liu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dikan Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qunxing Li
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuqiong Wen
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Da Ma
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xia
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liqun Luo
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jun Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gucheng Zeng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lieping Chen
- Department of Immunobiology and Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bin Cheng
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Zhi Wang
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
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63
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Zhang J, Qu Z, Yao H, Sun L, Harata-Lee Y, Cui J, Aung TN, Liu X, You R, Wang W, Hai L, Adelson DL, Lin L. An effective drug sensitizing agent increases gefitinib treatment by down regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and up regulating autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109169. [PMID: 31310954 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gefitinib is one of commonly used first-line treatment options for patients with positive EGFR mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, most patients with gefitinib treatment relapse over time due to the loss of drug sensitivity. Compound Kushen injection (CKI) has been used to treat lung cancer, including EGFR-mutated NSCLC. In this report, we examined the anti-cancer and drug sensitivity increased activities of CKI in gefitinib less sensitive NSCLC cell lines H1650 and H1975. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to uncover gene regulation and molecular mechanisms of CKI. Our results indicated that when associating with gefitinib in a dose-dependent fashion, CKI demonstrated the ability to inhibit the proliferation and to increase the sensitivity to gefitinib treatment in gefitinib less sensitive cell lines. This could be the results of down regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and up regulation of autophagy, which were identified as the potential primary targets of CKI to increase gefitinib treatment effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Hong Yao
- Foshan hospital of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Lingling Sun
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yuka Harata-Lee
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Thazin Nwe Aung
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Rongli You
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lina Hai
- Zhendong Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, PR China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - David L Adelson
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Lizhu Lin
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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64
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Lankadasari MB, Mukhopadhyay P, Mohammed S, Harikumar KB. TAMing pancreatic cancer: combat with a double edged sword. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:48. [PMID: 30925924 PMCID: PMC6441154 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all the deadly cancers, pancreatic cancer ranks seventh in mortality. The absence of any grave symptoms coupled with the unavailability of early prognostic and diagnostic markers make the disease incurable in most of the cases. This leads to a late diagnosis, where the disease would have aggravated and thus, incurable. Only around 20% of the cases present the early disease diagnosis. Surgical resection is the prime option available for curative local disease but in the case of advanced cancer, chemotherapy is the standard treatment modality although the patients end up with drug resistance and severe side effects. Desmoplasia plays a very important role in chemoresistance associated with pancreatic cancer and consists of a thick scar tissue around the tumor comprised of different cell populations. The interplay between this heterogenous population in the tumor microenvironment results in sustained tumor growth and metastasis. Accumulating evidences expose the crucial role played by the tumor-associated macrophages in pancreatic cancer and this review briefly presents the origin from their parent lineage and the importance in maintaining tumor hallmarks. Finally we have tried to address their role in imparting chemoresistance and the therapeutic interventions leading to reduced tumor burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manendra Babu Lankadasari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State, 695014, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Pramiti Mukhopadhyay
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State, 695014, India.,Present address: Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Sabira Mohammed
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State, 695014, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Kuzhuvelil B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala State, 695014, India.
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65
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Fu X, Gong LF, Wu YF, Lin Z, Jiang BJ, Wu L, Yu KH. Urolithin A targets the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathways and prevents IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in human osteoarthritis: in vitro and in vivo studies. Food Funct 2019; 10:6135-6146. [PMID: 31497826 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01332f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, whose progression is closely related to the inflammatory environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- The Second School of Medicine
| | - Lan-Fang Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- The First Medical School of the Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
| | - Yi-Fan Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- The Second School of Medicine
| | - Zeng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- The Second School of Medicine
| | - Bing-Jie Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- The Second School of Medicine
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- The Second School of Medicine
| | - Ke-He Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- The Second School of Medicine
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66
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Urolithin A Is a Dietary Microbiota-Derived Human Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Antagonist. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8040086. [PMID: 30501068 PMCID: PMC6315438 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Urolithins (e.g., UroA and B) are gut microbiota-derived metabolites of the natural polyphenol ellagic acid. Urolithins are associated with various health benefits, including attenuation of inflammatory signaling, anti-cancer effects and repression of lipid accumulation. The molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of urolithins remain unclear. We hypothesize that some of the human health benefits of urolithins are mediated through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Utilizing a cell-based reporter system, we tested urolithins for the capacity to modulate AHR activity. Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA levels were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Competitive ligand binding assays were performed to determine whether UroA is a direct ligand for the AHR. Subcellular AHR protein levels were examined utilizing immunoblotting analysis. AHR expression was repressed in Caco-2 cells by siRNA transfection to investigate AHR-dependency. UroA and B were able to antagonize 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced AHR-mediated transcriptional activity. Furthermore, UroA and B attenuated TCDD-mediated stimulation of CYP1A1 mRNA levels. In addition, competitive ligand binding assays characterized UroA as a direct AHR ligand. Consistent with other AHR antagonists, UroA failed to induce AHR retention in the nucleus. AHR is necessary for UroA-mediated attenuation of cytokine-induced interleukin 6 (IL6) and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) expression in Caco-2 cells. Here we identified UroA as the first dietary-derived human selective AHR antagonist produced by the gut microbiota through multi-step metabolism. Furthermore, previously reported anti-inflammatory activity of UroA may at least in part be mediated through AHR.
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