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Cao F, Zhao H, Li Y, Dai S, Wang C. Clinicopathological and phenotypic features of chronic NK cell lymphocytosis identified among patients with asymptomatic lymphocytosis. Int J Lab Hematol 2015; 37:783-90. [PMID: 26234181 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic natural killer (NK) cell lymphocytosis is currently a provisional entity. This study demonstrated NK cell lymphocytosis in patients with asymptomatic lymphocytosis and presented the hematological and phenotypic findings. METHODS Flow cytometry analysis was performed for investigation of unexplained peripheral lymphocytosis. NK cells were determined by the phenotype of CD3-/CD16+/CD56+. Chronic NK cell lymphocytosis was defined by a NK cell count of ≥ 2 × 10(9)/L, persistent for over 6 months, no evidence of B- or T-cell clonality and no hematologic disorders. RESULTS Among 190 patients with peripheral lymphocytosis, 15(7.9%) patients, age 42-72 years, were identified to have NK cell lymphocytosis, with a median NK cell count of 3.1 × 10(9)/L (range 2.1-7.3 × 10(9)/L). Persistent NK cell lymphocytosis was confirmed with a median follow-up of 18 months. CD56(bright) NK cell populations were seen in eight patients and CD56(dim) NK cells in seven patients. CD57 co-expression was seen in both CD56(dim) and CD56(bright) cells. CD7, CD2, or CD8 expression was seen in some of the NK populations. The NK cell lymphocytosis appeared stable and no progression to NK cell leukemia during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that chronic NK cell lymphocytosis, similar to monoclonal B lymphocytosis or T-cell clones, may account for asymptomatic lymphocytosis. There were no identifiable causes of the NK cell expansion. The variable phenotype may represent the heterogeneity and pathological features of NK lymphocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cao
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.,Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - H Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Y Li
- Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - S Dai
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - C Wang
- Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Malecka A, Tierens A, Østlie I, Schmitz R, Trøen G, Spetalen S, Staudt LM, Smeland E, Holte H, Delabie J. Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with clonally-related monoclonal B lymphocytosis indicates a common precursor cell. Haematologica 2015; 100:e415-8. [PMID: 26001788 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.126656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Tierens
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ingunn Østlie
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Roland Schmitz
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gunhild Trøen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Signe Spetalen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Louis M Staudt
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Erlend Smeland
- Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway Center for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Holte
- Center for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Norway Department of Oncology, Cancer Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Jan Delabie
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network and Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada Center for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Ganapathi KA, Pittaluga S, Odejide OO, Freedman AS, Jaffe ES. Early lymphoid lesions: conceptual, diagnostic and clinical challenges. Haematologica 2015; 99:1421-32. [PMID: 25176983 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.107938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There are no "benign lymphomas", a fact due to the nature of lymphoid cells to circulate and home as part of their normal function. Thus, benign clonal expansions of lymphocytes are only rarely recognized when localized. Recent studies have identified a number of lymphoid proliferations that lie at the interface between benign and malignant. Some of these are clonal proliferations that carry many of the molecular hallmarks of their malignant counterparts, such as BCL2/IGH and CCND1/IGH translocations associated with the in situ forms of follicular lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma, respectively. There are other clonal B-cell proliferations with low risk of progression; these include the pediatric variants of follicular lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma. Historically, early or incipient forms of T/NK-cell neoplasia also have been identified, such as lymphomatoid papulosis and refractory celiac disease. More recently an indolent form of T-cell lymphoproliferative disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract has been described. Usually, CD8(+), the clonal cells are confined to the mucosa. The clinical course is chronic, but non-progressive. NK-cell enteropathy is a clinically similar condition, composed of cytologically atypical NK-cells that may involve the stomach, small bowel or colon. Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a cytologically alarming lesion that is self-limited if confined to the seroma cavity. Atypical lymphoid proliferations that lie at the border of benign and malignant can serve as instructive models of lymphomagenesis. It is also critical that they be correctly diagnosed to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik A Ganapathi
- Hematopathology Section, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Hematopathology Section, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Oreofe O Odejide
- Center for Hematologic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Arnold S Freedman
- Center for Hematologic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Elaine S Jaffe
- Hematopathology Section, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Parry M, Rose-Zerilli MJ, Ljungström V, Gibson J, Wang J, Walewska R, Parker H, Parker A, Davis Z, Gardiner A, McIver-Brown N, Kalpadakis C, Xochelli A, Anagnostopoulos A, Fazi C, de Castro DG, Dearden C, Pratt G, Rosenquist R, Ashton-Key M, Forconi F, Collins A, Ghia P, Matutes E, Pangalis G, Stamatopoulos K, Oscier D, Strefford JC. Genetics and Prognostication in Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Revelations from Deep Sequencing. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4174-4183. [PMID: 25779943 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mounting evidence supports the clinical significance of gene mutations and immunogenetic features in common mature B-cell malignancies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We undertook a detailed characterization of the genetic background of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL), using targeted resequencing and explored potential clinical implications in a multinational cohort of 175 patients with SMZL. RESULTS We identified recurrent mutations in TP53 (16%), KLF2 (12%), NOTCH2 (10%), TNFAIP3 (7%), MLL2 (11%), MYD88 (7%), and ARID1A (6%), all genes known to be targeted by somatic mutation in SMZL. KLF2 mutations were early, clonal events, enriched in patients with del(7q) and IGHV1-2*04 B-cell receptor immunoglobulins, and were associated with a short median time to first treatment (0.12 vs. 1.11 years; P = 0.01). In multivariate analysis, mutations in NOTCH2 [HR, 2.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-4.4; P = 0.044] and 100% germline IGHV gene identity (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.05-4.55; P = 0.036) were independent markers of short time to first treatment, whereas TP53 mutations were an independent marker of short overall survival (HR, 2.36; 95 % CI, 1.08-5.2; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS We identify key associations between gene mutations and clinical outcome, demonstrating for the first time that NOTCH2 and TP53 gene mutations are independent markers of reduced treatment-free and overall survival, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Parry
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Viktor Ljungström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Jane Gibson
- Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Renata Walewska
- Department of Pathology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Helen Parker
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Anton Parker
- Department of Pathology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Zadie Davis
- Department of Pathology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Anne Gardiner
- Department of Pathology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Neil McIver-Brown
- Department of Pathology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Christina Kalpadakis
- Department of Hematology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aliki Xochelli
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Center for Research and Technology, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Claudia Fazi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Onco-Haematology, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Fondazione Centro San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - David Gonzalez de Castro
- Heamato-oncology Unit, Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute for Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Claire Dearden
- Heamato-oncology Unit, Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute for Cancer Research, Sutton, UK
| | - Guy Pratt
- School of Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Department of Haematology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Francesco Forconi
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew Collins
- Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Onco-Haematology, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, Fondazione Centro San Raffaele, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Estella Matutes
- Haematopathology Unit, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona University, Villarroel, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Center for Research and Technology, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Hematology Department and HCT Unit, G. Papanicolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - David Oscier
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,Department of Pathology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Jonathan C Strefford
- Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Kostopoulos IV, Paterakis G, Papadimitriou K, Pavlidis D, Tsitsilonis OE, Papadhimitriou SI. Immunophenotypic analysis reveals heterogeneity and common biologic aspects in monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2014; 54:210-21. [PMID: 25533355 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is the presence of small B-cell clones in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects. Most MBL have the characteristic phenotype of chronic lymphocyte leukemia (chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)-like MBL), and depending on the number of monoclonal B-cells, may characterize a preclinical stage of the CLL. However, there are also MBL with an atypical (CD5(+) CD20(+/bright) CD23(dim/-) ) or a CD5(neg) phenotype, which remain largely unexplored. We performed an extended immunophenotypic, cytogenetic, and hematologic analysis in 75 CLL-like, 39 atypical, 50 CD5(neg) , and 7 biphenotypic MBL cases to detect differences or similarities among the MBL subsets. The phenotypic analysis showed expression variations in many surface markers and a wide spectrum of disease-specific phenotypes within each MBL subtype. Interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis showed a different panel of aberrations according to the phenotype. Overall, del(13q14) and +12 were the most common abnormalities (39%), whereas del(11q13), del(17p13), and del(6q23) were detected only in 3, 1, and 0 cases, respectively. A comparison of MBL with overt chronic lymphoproliferations revealed common aspects in the preclinical state, regarding both the kind of cytogenetic aberrations detected and the lymphocyte composition. Our findings highlight not only the heterogeneity among MBL subsets but also indicate common biologic features which differentiate MBL from clinical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis V Kostopoulos
- Haematology Laboratory, "G. Gennimatas" Athens Regional General Hospital, Athens, Greece; Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Kim H, Jang W, Shin S, Park J, Kim M, Kim Y, Han K, Lee GD, Won H, Yang YJ. Two cases of concurrent development of essential thrombocythemia with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, one related to clonal B-cell lymphocytosis, tested by array comparative genomic hybridization. Int J Hematol 2014; 101:612-9. [PMID: 25491494 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-014-1713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We present two cases of concurrent development of essential thrombocythemia (ET) with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and one related to clonal B-cell lymphocytosis (CBL). Both patients were referred for lymphocytosis and thrombocytosis. A bone marrow biopsy revealed infiltration of small, mature lymphocytes and megakaryocytic hyperplasia. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping and immunoglobulin (IG) gene clonality tests revealed clonal B lymphocytes. Both patients were positive for the JAK2 V617F mutation in whole bone marrow aspirate. The JAK2 V617F mutation was present in isolated B lymphocytes of patient 1, but not patient 2. Cytogenetics were normal in both patients. An array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analyses of B cells revealed a gain of 4q28.3, which is reported in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, in patient 1, and deletion 22q11.22, which is associated with CLL, and a gain of Xp22.31 in patient 2. In both patients, B cells showed no myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN)-specific genetic abnormalities. These results suggest that different oncogenic mechanisms in each cell lineage may underlie the concurrent development of ET and CLL (or CBL). Array CGH may be helpful in identifying the pathogenic mechanism in cases of concurrent development of lymphoid neoplasm and MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, Daejeon, 301-723, Korea (South)
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57
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Donaldson SL, Owen RG, McGonagle DG. Prolonged remission of marginal zone lymphoma in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor agents. J Rheumatol 2014; 41:2496-7. [PMID: 25452189 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.140725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Donaldson
- Rheumatology Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust;
| | - Roger G Owen
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service (HMDS) laboratory, St James's Institute of Oncology
| | - Dennis G McGonagle
- University of Leeds, and Honorary NHS Consultant, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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58
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Arcaini L, Rossi D, Lucioni M, Nicola M, Bruscaggin A, Fiaccadori V, Riboni R, Ramponi A, Ferretti VV, Cresta S, Casaluci GM, Bonfichi M, Gotti M, Merli M, Maffi A, Arra M, Varettoni M, Rattotti S, Morello L, Guerrera ML, Sciarra R, Gaidano G, Cazzola M, Paulli M. The NOTCH pathway is recurrently mutated in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with hepatitis C virus infection. Haematologica 2014; 100:246-52. [PMID: 25381127 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2014.116855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus has been found to be associated with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, mostly marginal zone lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Deregulation of signaling pathways involved in normal marginal zone development (NOTCH pathway, NF-κB, and BCR signaling) has been demonstrated in splenic marginal zone lymphoma. We studied mutations of NOTCH pathway signaling in 46 patients with hepatitis C virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and in 64 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma unrelated to HCV. NOTCH2 mutations were detected in 9 of 46 (20%) hepatitis C virus-positive patients, and NOTCH1 mutations in 2 of 46 (4%). By contrast, only one of 64 HCV-negative patients had a NOTCH1 or NOTCH2 mutation. The frequency of the NOTCH pathway lesions was significantly higher in hepatitis C virus-positive patients (P=0.002). The 5-year overall survival was 27% (95%CI: 5%-56%) for hepatitis C virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients carrying a NOTCH pathway mutation versus 62% (95%CI: 42%-77%) for those without these genetic lesions. By univariate analysis, age over 60 years, NOTCH2 mutation, and any mutation of the NOTCH pathway (NOTCH2, NOTCH1, SPEN) were associated with shorter overall survival. Mutation of the NOTCH pathway retained an independent significance (P=0.029). In conclusion, a subset of patients with hepatitis C virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma displays a molecular signature of splenic marginal zone and has a worse clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Arcaini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Davide Rossi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara
| | - Marco Lucioni
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Marta Nicola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia
| | - Alessio Bruscaggin
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara
| | | | - Roberta Riboni
- Department of Pathology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Antonio Ramponi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Health Science, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara
| | - Virginia V Ferretti
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Stefania Cresta
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara
| | - Gloria Margiotta Casaluci
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara
| | - Maurizio Bonfichi
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Manuel Gotti
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Michele Merli
- Division of Hematology, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Aldo Maffi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia
| | | | - Marzia Varettoni
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Sara Rattotti
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Lucia Morello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia
| | | | | | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia Department of Hematology Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
| | - Marco Paulli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia Department of Pathology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia
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New insights into monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:258917. [PMID: 25295254 PMCID: PMC4177785 DOI: 10.1155/2014/258917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is a premalignant condition characterized by the presence of less than 5000/μL circulating clonal B cells in otherwise healthy individuals. Three subcategories have been identified according to the immunophenotypic features: CLL-like, CD5(+) atypical, and CD5(−) MBL. CLL-like MBL is by far the most frequent and best studied category and further divided in low-count [LC] and high-count [HC] MBL, based on a cutoff value of 500/μL clonal B cells. LC-MBL typically remains stable and probably does not represent a truly premalignant condition, but rather an age-related immune senescence. On the other hand, HC-MBL is closely related to CLL-Rai0, bearing similar immunogenetic profile, and is associated with an annual risk of progression to CLL requiring therapy at a rate of 1.1%. Currently there are no reproducible factors for evaluating the risk of progression to CLL. CD5(−) MBL is characterized by an immunophenotype consistent with marginal zone origin and displays many similarities with marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), mainly the splenic MZL. The cutoff value of 5000/μL clonal B cells cannot probably be applied in CD5(−) MBL, requiring a new definition to describe those cases.
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Bruscaggin A, Monti S, Arcaini L, Ramponi A, Rattotti S, Lucioni M, Paulli M, Gaidano G, Rossi D. Molecular lesions of signalling pathway genes in clonal B-cell lymphocytosis with marginal zone features. Br J Haematol 2014; 167:718-20. [PMID: 25088352 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bruscaggin
- Division of Haematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Amedeo Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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Xochelli A, Baliakas P, Moore S, Sole F, Wickham N, Salido M, Athanasiadou A, Oscier D, Stamatopoulos K. Translocation t(2;7)(p11.2;q21.2): a rare genetic aberration associated with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders of marginal-zone origin. Cancer Genet 2014; 207:281-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2014.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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