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Inhibition of Nickel Nanoparticles-Induced Toxicity by Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate in JB6 Cells May Be through Down-Regulation of the MAPK Signaling Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150954. [PMID: 26943640 PMCID: PMC4778769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development in nanotechnology, nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) have emerged in the application of nanomedicine in recent years. However, the potential adverse health effects of Ni NPs are unclear. In this study, we examined the inhibition effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the toxicity induced by Ni NPs in mouse epidermal cell line (JB6 cell). MTT assay showed that Ni NPs induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner while EGCG exerted a certain inhibition on the toxicity. Additionally, EGCG could reduce the apoptotic cell number and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in JB6 cells induced by Ni NPs. Furthermore, we observed that EGCG could down-regulate Ni NPs-induced activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in JB6 cells, which has been shown to play pivotal roles in tumor initiation, promotion and progression. Western blot indicated that EGCG could alleviate the toxicity of Ni NPs through regulating protein changes in MAPK signaling pathways. In summary, our results suggest that careful evaluation on the potential health effects of Ni NPs is necessary before being widely used in the field of nanomedicine. Inhibition of EGCG on Ni NPs-induced cytotoxicity in JB6 cells may be through the MAPK signaling pathways suggesting that EGCG might be useful in preventing the toxicity of Ni NPs.
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Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate up-regulates microRNA-let-7b expression by activating 67-kDa laminin receptor signaling in melanoma cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19225. [PMID: 26754091 PMCID: PMC4709792 DOI: 10.1038/srep19225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs involved in various biological processes by regulating their target genes. Green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) inhibits melanoma tumor growth by activating 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR) signaling. To examine the effect of EGCG on miRNA expression in melanoma cells, we performed miRNA microarray analysis. We showed that EGCG up-regulated miRNA-let-7b expression through 67LR in melanoma cells. The EGCG-induced up-regulation of let-7b led to down-regulation of high mobility group A2 (HMGA2), a target gene related to tumor progression. 67LR-dependent cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)/protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) signaling pathway activation was involved in the up-regulation of let-7b expression induced by EGCG. These findings provide a basis for understanding the mechanism of miRNA regulation by EGCG.
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Seong KJ, Lee HG, Kook MS, Ko HM, Jung JY, Kim WJ. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate rescues LPS-impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis through suppressing the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway in mice. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 20:41-51. [PMID: 26807022 PMCID: PMC4722190 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adult hippocampal dentate granule neurons are generated from neural stem cells (NSCs) in the mammalian brain, and the fate specification of adult NSCs is precisely controlled by the local niches and environment, such as the subventricular zone (SVZ), dentate gyrus (DG), and Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the main polyphenolic flavonoid in green tea that has neuroprotective activities, but there is no clear understanding of the role of EGCG in adult neurogenesis in the DG after neuroinflammation. Here, we investigate the effect and the mechanism of EGCG on adult neurogenesis impaired by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS-induced neuroinflammation inhibited adult neurogenesis by suppressing the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in the DG, which was indicated by the decreased number of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-, Doublecortin (DCX)- and Neuronal Nuclei (NeuN)-positive cells. In addition, microglia were recruited with activatingTLR4-NF-κB signaling in the adult hippocampus by LPS injection. Treating LPS-injured mice with EGCG restored the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs in the DG, which were decreased by LPS, and EGCG treatment also ameliorated the apoptosis of NSCs. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokine production induced by LPS was attenuated by EGCG treatment through modulating the TLR4-NF-κB pathway. These results illustrate that EGCG has a beneficial effect on impaired adult neurogenesis caused by LPSinduced neuroinflammation, and it may be applicable as a therapeutic agent against neurodegenerative disorders caused by inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Joo Seong
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyun-Gwan Lee
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Min Suk Kook
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyun-Mi Ko
- Department of Microbiology, Collage of Medicine, Seonam Universtity, Namwon 55724, Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Jung
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Won-Jae Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.; Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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Albini A, Bertolini F, Bassani B, Bruno A, Gallo C, Caraffi SG, Maramotti S, Noonan DM. Biomarkers of cancer angioprevention for clinical studies. Ecancermedicalscience 2015; 9:600. [PMID: 26635904 PMCID: PMC4664506 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2015.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With the great advances made in the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases over the last century, chronic degenerative diseases-cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and cancer-represent the major causes of death in the developed world. Although massive efforts and investments have been made in cancer therapy, the progress made towards reducing mortality has been more successful for cardiovascular disease than for tumours. This can be attributable largely to an active prevention approach implemented for cardiovascular disease. Cardiologists treat their patients before the overt disease becomes life threatening, performing early interventions in phenotypically healthy patients, by using several markers that predict risk. If the concept of prevention could be applied to cancer in a more extensive way, a significant number of tumours could be avoided through preventive measures. Prevention approaches range from avoiding tobacco exposure to dietary strategies to active pharmacological approaches in higher risk groups. Host targets rather than the tumour cells themselves are attractive for chemoprevention, in particular endothelial and immune cells. Angioprevention i.e. preventing cancer angiogenesis is a key concept that we introduced; yet one of the major current challenges for anti-angiogenesis in therapy and prevention is finding the right biomarkers. Here we discuss the importance of angioprevention and the potential use of VEGF, PlGF, CD31, Ang and Tie, circulating vascular cell precursors, and microRNA as potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Albini
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Research and Statistics, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy ; These authors share equal contribution
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Haematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan 20141, Italy ; These authors share equal contribution
| | - Barbara Bassani
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20138, Italy
| | - Cristina Gallo
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Research and Statistics, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Research and Statistics, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Sally Maramotti
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Department of Research and Statistics, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia 42123, Italy
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan 20138, Italy ; Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese 21100, Italy
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Polyphenols as Modulator of Oxidative Stress in Cancer Disease: New Therapeutic Strategies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:6475624. [PMID: 26649142 PMCID: PMC4663347 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6475624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer onset and progression have been linked to oxidative stress by increasing DNA mutations or inducing DNA damage, genome instability, and cell proliferation and therefore antioxidant agents could interfere with carcinogenesis. It is well known that conventional radio-/chemotherapies influence tumour outcome through ROS modulation. Since these antitumour treatments have important side effects, the challenge is to develop new anticancer therapeutic strategies more effective and less toxic for patients. To this purpose, many natural polyphenols have emerged as very promising anticancer bioactive compounds. Beside their well-known antioxidant activities, several polyphenols target epigenetic processes involved in cancer development through the modulation of oxidative stress. An alternative strategy to the cytotoxic treatment is an approach leading to cytostasis through the induction of therapy-induced senescence. Many anticancer polyphenols cause cellular growth arrest through the induction of a ROS-dependent premature senescence and are considered promising antitumour therapeutic tools. Furthermore, one of the most innovative and interesting topics is the evaluation of efficacy of prooxidant therapies on cancer stem cells (CSCs). Several ROS inducers-polyphenols can impact CSCs metabolisms and self-renewal related pathways. Natural polyphenol roles, mainly in chemoprevention and cancer therapies, are described and discussed in the light of the current literature data.
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Yang MQ, Yoshigoe K, Yang W, Tong W, Qin X, Dunker A, Chen Z, Arbania HR, Liu JS, Niemierko A, Yang JY. The emerging genomics and systems biology research lead to systems genomics studies. BMC Genomics 2014; 15 Suppl 11:I1. [PMID: 25558922 PMCID: PMC4304174 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-s11-i1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Synergistically integrating multi-layer genomic data at systems level not only can lead to deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms related to disease initiation and progression, but also can guide pathway-based biomarker and drug target identification. With the advent of high-throughput next-generation sequencing technologies, sequencing both DNA and RNA has generated multi-layer genomic data that can provide DNA polymorphism, non-coding RNA, messenger RNA, gene expression, isoform and alternative splicing information. Systems biology on the other hand studies complex biological systems, particularly systematic study of complex molecular interactions within specific cells or organisms. Genomics and molecular systems biology can be merged into the study of genomic profiles and implicated biological functions at cellular or organism level. The prospectively emerging field can be referred to as systems genomics or genomic systems biology. The Mid-South Bioinformatics Centre (MBC) and Joint Bioinformatics Ph.D. Program of University of Arkansas at Little Rock and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences are particularly interested in promoting education and research advancement in this prospectively emerging field. Based on past investigations and research outcomes, MBC is further utilizing differential gene and isoform/exon expression from RNA-seq and co-regulation from the ChiP-seq specific for different phenotypes in combination with protein-protein interactions, and protein-DNA interactions to construct high-level gene networks for an integrative genome-phoneme investigation at systems biology level.
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