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de Fourmestraux C, Tessier C, Touzot-Jourde G. Multimodal therapy including electroacupuncture for the treatment of facial nerve paralysis in a horse. EQUINE VET EDUC 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. de Fourmestraux
- Surgery Department; Equine Clinic; ONIRIS, Nantes-Atlantique, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering; Nantes France
| | - C. Tessier
- Surgery Department; Equine Clinic; ONIRIS, Nantes-Atlantique, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering; Nantes France
| | - G. Touzot-Jourde
- Surgery Department; Equine Clinic; ONIRIS, Nantes-Atlantique, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering; Nantes France
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Hegyi G, Szigeti GP. Rehabilitation of stroke patients using Yamamoto New Scalp Acupuncture: a pilot study. J Altern Complement Med 2013; 18:971-7. [PMID: 23057482 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate whether acupuncture, especially Yamamoto's New Scalp Acupuncture (YNSA), is of value in additional to standard poststroke motor rehabilitation. DESIGN A prospective, assessor-blinded randomized control trial was carried out in an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit with day hospital service. After inclusion, patients were stratified into control group and acupuncture group, randomly. OUTCOME MEASURES The Barthel Index, the Rivermead Scale Index, and the Visual Analogue Scale were used to follow the efficacy of treatment. RESULTS In the acupuncture group, all the sensory, motor, and functional scores improved significantly during the examination period until 2 years after injury. The Barthel Index is increased from 4±2 to 95±4 in the acupuncture group. This index also increased in the control group (from 4±2 to 75±4), but the changes were significantly less than in the acupuncture group. A significant spontaneous recovery during the 2-year follow-up was found, but the YNSA treatment facilitated the functional recovery. Improved moving function and more flexible joints and ligaments were observed in comparison to the patients' condition prior to treatment. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that the YNSA is a useful method to treat stroke patients and enhance their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Hegyi
- University of Pécs, Institute of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Pécs, Hungary
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Ding Y, Yan Q, Ruan JW, Zhang YQ, Li WJ, Zeng X, Huang SF, Zhang YJ, Wu JL, Fisher D, Dong H, Zeng YS. Electroacupuncture Promotes the Differentiation of Transplanted Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing TrkC into Neuron-Like Cells in Transected Spinal Cord of Rats. Cell Transplant 2013; 22:65-86. [DOI: 10.3727/096368912x655037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study indicated that electroacupuncture (EA) could increase neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) levels in the injured spinal cord, stimulate the differentiation of transplanted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and improve functional recovery in the injured spinal cord of rats. However, the number of neuron-like cells derived from the MSCs is limited. It is known that NT-3 promotes the survival and differentiation of neurons by preferentially binding to its receptor TrkC. In this study, we attempted to transplant TrkC gene-modified MSCs (TrkC-MSCs) into the spinal cord with transection to investigate whether EA treatment could promote NT-3 secretion in the injured spinal cord and to determine whether increased NT-3 could further enhance transplanted MSCs overexpressing TrkC to differentiate into neuron-like cells, resulting in increased axonal regeneration and functional improvement in the injured spinal cord. Our results showed that EA increased NT-3 levels; furthermore, it promoted neuron-phenotype differentiation, synaptogenesis, and myelin formation of transplanted TrkC-MSCs. In addition, TrkC-MSC transplantation combined with EA (the TrkC-MSCs + EA group) treatment promoted the growth of the descending BDA-labeled corticospinal tracts (CSTs) and 5-HT-positive axonal regeneration across the lesion site into the caudal cord. In addition, the conduction of cortical motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and hindlimb locomotor function increased as compared to controls (treated with the LacZ-MSCs, TrkC-MSCs, and LacZ-MSCs + EA groups). In the TrkC-MSCs + EA group, the injured spinal cord also showed upregulated expression of the proneurogenic factors laminin and GAP-43 and downregulated GFAP and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), major inhibitors of axonal growth. Together, our data suggest that TrkC-MSC transplantation combined with EA treatment spinal cord injury not only increased MSC survival and differentiation into neuron-like cells but also promoted CST regeneration across injured sites to the caudal cord and functional improvement, perhaps due to increase of NT-3 levels, upregulation of laminin and GAP-43, and downregulation of GFAP and CSPG proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wen Ruan
- Department of Acupuncture of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qing Zhang
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Fan Huang
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zhang
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Lang Wu
- Department of Electron Microscope, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danny Fisher
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuan-Shan Zeng
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Soligo M, Nori SL, Protto V, Florenzano F, Manni L. Acupuncture and Neurotrophin Modulation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2013; 111:91-124. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-411545-3.00005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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55
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Electro-acupuncture upregulates CGRP expression after rat spinal cord transection. Neurochem Int 2012; 61:1397-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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56
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Lin X, Zhang Y, Liu W, Dong J, Lu J, Di Q, Shi J. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transfected bone marrow stromal cells for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2012; 7:1220-7. [PMID: 25709619 PMCID: PMC4336955 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.16.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult, male, Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transfected bone marrow stromal cells (GM-CSF-BMSCs) into the ischemic boundary zone at 24 hours after onset of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results showed reduced infarct volume, decreased number of apoptotic cells, improved neurological functions, increased angiogenic factor expression, and increased vascular density in the ischemic boundary zone in rats that underwent GM-CSF-BMSCs transplantation compared with the BMSCs group. Experimental findings suggested that GM-CSF-BMSCs could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke and are superior to BMSCs alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Lin
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yingdong Zhang
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China ; Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing First Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingde Dong
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qing Di
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingping Shi
- Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Department of Neurology, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
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57
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Liu H, Yang K, Xin T, Wu W, Chen Y. Implanted electro-acupuncture electric stimulation improves outcome of stem cells' transplantation in spinal cord injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 40:331-7. [PMID: 22384853 DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2012.659350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most serious disorders in clinics, and the high disability rate and functional deficits are common issues in patients. Transplantation of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) into the injured spinal cord is emerging as a novel method in the therapeutics of SCI; however, its application is limited by the poor survival rate of the transplanted cells and low differentiation rate into neurons. Our laboratory recently reported that electrical stimulation (ES) dramatically improves the survival rate of transplanted BMSCs and increases spinal cord functions in animals with spinal cord injury. In this paper, we asked whether implanted electro-acupuncture (iEA) can advance the beneficial effects from the ES treatment in animals with spinal cord injury. We showed that BMSCs transplantation alone resulted in significant functional recovery in animals. Interestingly, iEA with BMSCs treatment induced a significantly higher functional improvement in locomotor functions and SSEP compared to the BMSCs treatment alone. Additionally, we used molecular biology techniques and showed that BMSCs transplantation with iEA treatment significantly increased the number of surviving BMSCs compared to the BMSCs alone group. In conclusion, our experiment showed that the approach of coupling iEA electric stimulation and BMSCs transplantation remarkably promotes functional improvements in animals with spinal cord injury and holds promising potential to treat spinal cord injury in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, P. R. China
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58
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59
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Zhang YJ, Zhang W, Lin CG, Ding Y, Huang SF, Wu JL, Li Y, Dong H, Zeng YS. Neurotrophin-3 gene modified mesenchymal stem cells promote remyelination and functional recovery in the demyelinated spinal cord of rats. J Neurol Sci 2012; 313:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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60
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Cograft of neural stem cells and schwann cells overexpressing TrkC and neurotrophin-3 respectively after rat spinal cord transection. Biomaterials 2011; 32:7454-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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61
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Ding Y, Yan Q, Ruan JW, Zhang YQ, Li WJ, Zeng X, Huang SF, Zhang YJ, Wang S, Dong H, Zeng YS. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Electroacupuncture Downregulate the Inhibitor Molecules and Promote the Axonal Regeneration in the Transected Spinal Cord of Rats. Cell Transplant 2011; 20:475-91. [DOI: 10.3727/096368910x528102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study has reported that electroacupuncture (EA) promotes survival, differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and functional improvement in spinal cord-transected rats. In this study, we further investigated the structural bases of this functional improvement and the potential mechanisms of axonal regeneration in injured spinal cord after MSCs and EA treatment. Five experimental groups, 1) sham control (Sham-control); 2) operated control (Op-control); 3) electroacupuncture treatment (EA); 4) MSCs transplantation (MSCs), and 5) MSCs transplantation combined with electroacupuncture (MSCs + EA), were designed for this study. Western blots and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess the fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) proteins expression. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) locomotion test, cortical motor evoked potentials (MEPs), and anterograde and retrograde tracing were utilized to assess cortical-spinal neuronal projection regeneration and functional recovery. In the MSCs + EA group, increased labeling descending corticospinal tract (CST) projections into the lesion site showed significantly improved BBB scales and enhanced motor evoked potentials after 10 weeks of MSCs transplant and EA treatment. The structural and functional recovery after MSCs + EA treatment may be due to downregulated GFAP and CSPGs protein expression, which prevented axonal degeneration as well as improved axonal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Wen Ruan
- Department of Acupuncture of the first Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qing Zhang
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jie Li
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zeng
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Fan Huang
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zhang
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shirlene Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hongxin Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuan-Shan Zeng
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Histology and Embryology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Spinal Cord Injury, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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62
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An experimental electro-acupuncture study in treatment of the rat demyelinated spinal cord injury induced by ethidium bromide. Neurosci Res 2011; 70:294-304. [PMID: 21470565 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are one of the potential treating tools for multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, the cell number and differentiation of OPCs in a demyelinated spinal cord are crucial for improvement of reparative process. In the present study, we investigated whether "Governor Vessel (GV)" electro-acupuncture (EA) could efficiently promote increase in cell number and differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes, remyelination and functional recovery in the demyelinated spinal cord. The spinal cord of adult Sprague-Dawley rats was microinjected with ethidium bromide (EB) at T10, to establish a demyelinated model. Six groups of animals were performed for the experiment. After 15 days EA treatment, neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) level and number of NG2-positive OPCs were significantly increased. Compared with the sham group, more NG2-positive OPCs were distributed between neurofilament (NF)-positive nerve fibres or closely associated with them in the lesion site and nearby tissue. In rats given longer EA treatment for 30 days, the number of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)-positive oligodendrocytes was increased. Concomitantly, the number of newly formed myelins was increased. This was coupled by increase in endogenous oligodendrocyte involved in myelin formation. Furthermore, behavioural test and spinal cord evoked potential detection demonstrated a significant functional recovery in the EA+EB day 30 group. Our results suggest EA treatment can promote NT-3 expression, increase the cell number and differentiation of endogenous OPCs, and remyelination in the demyelinated spinal cord as well as the functional improvement of demyelinated spinal cord.
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Wang M, Zhai P, Chen X, Schreyer DJ, Sun X, Cui F. Bioengineered scaffolds for spinal cord repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2011; 17:177-94. [PMID: 21338266 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2010.0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury can lead to devastating and permanent loss of neurological function, affecting all levels below the site of trauma. Unfortunately, the injured adult mammalian spinal cord displays little regenerative capacity and little functional recovery in large part due to a tissue environment that is nonpermissive for regenerative axon growth. Artificial tissue repair scaffolds may provide a physical guide to allow regenerative axon growth that bridges the lesion cavity and restores functional neural connectivity. By integrating different strategies, including the use of various biomaterials and microstructures as well as incorporation of bioactive molecules and living cells, combined or synergistic effects for spinal cord repair through regenerative axon growth may be achieved. This article briefly reviews the development of bioengineered scaffolds for spinal cord repair, focusing on spinal cord injury and the subsequent cellular response, scaffold materials, fabrication techniques, and current therapeutic strategies. Key issues and challenges are also identified and discussed along with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindan Wang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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64
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Wu W, Zhao H, Xie B, Liu H, Chen Y, Jiao G, Wang H. Implanted spike wave electric stimulation promotes survival of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and functional recovery in the spinal cord injured rats. Neurosci Lett 2011; 491:73-8. [PMID: 21232582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 12/27/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) into the injured spinal cord may provide therapeutic benefit, but its application is limited by their poor survival and low differentiation rate into neurons. Electrical stimulation (ES) has been reported to promote survival and differentiation of the BMSCs. Therefore we investigated whether implanted spike wave ES could improve survival of BMSCs after transplantation and result in functional improvement in animals with spinal cord injury. Our results showed that the number and ratio of survived BMSCs near the lesion site were significantly increased in the BMSCs+ES-treated group as compared to BMSCs transplantation or ES treatment alone group. Furthermore, results from BBB scales, SSEP and DTI demonstrated a significant improved functional recovery in the BMSCs+ES group. This indicated that implanted spike wave ES could promote the bioactivity of BMSCs and their survival. This represents a new therapeutic potential of the combination of BMSCs transplantation with implanted spike wave ES to treat spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Wu
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Wenhuaxi Road 107, Jinan 250012, China
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65
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Neurotrophins and acupuncture. Auton Neurosci 2010; 157:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2010.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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66
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Zhang W, Yan Q, Zeng YS, Zhang XB, Xiong Y, Wang JM, Chen SJ, Li Y, Bruce IC, Wu W. Implantation of adult bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells transfected with the neurotrophin-3 gene and pretreated with retinoic acid in completely transected spinal cord. Brain Res 2010; 1359:256-71. [PMID: 20816761 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Implantation of marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is the most promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI), especially because of their potential for clinical application, such as the avoidance of immunologic rejection, their strong secretory properties, and their plasticity for developing into neural cells. However, the recovery from SCI after MSC implantation is minimal due to their limited capacity for the reduction of cystic cavitation, for the axonal regeneration and their uncertain neural plasticity in the spinal cord. We previously pretreated MSCs with all-trans retinoic acid (RA) in vitro. Then we genetically modified them to overexpress neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) via a recombinant adenoviral vector (Adv). This combined treatment not only permitted more neuronal differentiation of MSCs, but stimulated more NT-3 secretion prior to grafting, according to our previous and present results. When these cells were implanted into the transected spinal cord of rats, the animals had some improvement (both functionally and structurally), including the recovery of hindlimb locomotor function, shown by the highest Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores, as well as dramatically reduced cavity volume, clear axonal regeneration and more neuronal survival. In contrast, simple MSC implantation is not a very effective therapy for spinal transection. However, the neuronal differentiation of MSCs after treatment with a combination of Adv-mediated NT-3 gene transfer and RA was only mildly improved in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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67
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Li WJ, Pan SQ, Zeng YS, Su BG, Li SM, Ding Y, Li Y, Ruan JW. Identification of acupuncture-specific proteins in the process of electro-acupuncture after spinal cord injury. Neurosci Res 2010; 67:307-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2010.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Moldenhauer S, Burgauner M, Hellweg R, Lun A, Hohenböken M, Dietz E, Kiesewetter H, Salama A, Moldenhauer A. Mobilization of CD133(+)CD34(-) cells in healthy individuals following whole-body acupuncture for spinal cord injuries. J Neurosci Res 2010; 88:1645-50. [PMID: 20029964 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture can alleviate symptoms of spinal cord injuries (SCI). The underlying mechanism, however, is unknown. We hypothesized that stem cells could be mobilized by acupuncture. Therefore, we enrolled 14 healthy study participants using acupuncture points for the treatment of SCI. The frequency of CD133 and CD34 cells in peripheral blood and the serum concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and interleukin-6 were determined before and after acupuncture (<1 hr, 24 hr, and 48 hr). CD133(+)34(-) cells were doubled 48 hr after acupuncture, with concomitant decreases in BDNF and MMP-9 levels. Interleukin-6 remained below detectable levels, eliminating a stress-induced cell release. Individuals acupunctured on control counterpoints showed no changes in CD133(+) cells. Our results indicate that acupuncture for SCI can mobilize human CD133(+)34(-) cells. (c) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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