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Yan L, Zhao W, Yu H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Xie C. A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of MicroRNAs for Predicting Colorectal Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2738. [PMID: 26945359 PMCID: PMC4782843 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been defined as a common malignancy due to its prevailing incidence in both males and females. Recently, the intrinsic value of microRNAs (miRNAs) with respect to early cancer diagnosis has been contentious as the diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs significantly varied across different studies. As a result of this, this pioneer meta-analysis was proposed to address this issue. Qualified studies were obtained through electronic systematical searching in Medline, Embase, and PubMed. On the basis of the random-effects model, we calculated the pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) to assess the diagnostic accuracy of miRNAs. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were implemented to determine how different confounding factors affect the overall diagnostic accuracy which were considered important sources of heterogeneity. All the statistical analyses were conducted with R 3.2.1 software. We incorporated 103 studies from 36 articles with a total of 3124 CRC patients and 2579 healthy individuals. MiRNAs have a good performance with the following pooled estimates: SEN = 0.769 (95% CI = 0.733-0.802), SPE = 0.806 (95% CI = 0.781-0.829), AUC = 0.857, and partial AUC = 0.773. As suggested by subgroup analyses and meta-regression, multiple miRNAs appeared to be more favorable than single miRNA (AUC: 0.918 > 0.813, partial AUC: 0.848 > 0.701, sensitivity = 0.853 > 0.718, specificity = 0.860 > 0.772). Compared with samples of plasma, blood, tissue, and feces, miRNA obtained from serum samples were more powerful for detecting CRC particularly in Asian. Our study provided exclusive evidence that multiple miRNAs extracted from serum samples had superior diagnostic performance over single miRNA for screening CRC. Therefore, this approach that is characterized by high specificity and noninvasive nature may assist in early diagnosis of CRC particularly in Asian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yan
- From the Department of Oncology and Pneumology (LY, YW), Shandong Jiaotong Hospital; Department of Oncology (WZ, YL) ; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery (HY), Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University; and The Third Department of Internal Medicine (CX), Shandong Tumor Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Cekaite L, Eide PW, Lind GE, Skotheim RI, Lothe RA. MicroRNAs as growth regulators, their function and biomarker status in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:6476-505. [PMID: 26623728 PMCID: PMC4872728 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is in part regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC); their role as growth regulators, the mechanisms that regulate the miRNAs themselves and the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers. Although thousands of tissue samples and bodily fluids from CRC patients have been investigated for biomarker potential of miRNAs (>160 papers presented in a comprehensive tables), none single miRNA nor miRNA expression signatures are in clinical use for this disease. More than 500 miRNA-target pairs have been identified in CRC and we discuss how these regulatory nodes interconnect and affect signaling pathways in CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Cekaite
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter W. Eide
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guro E. Lind
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf I. Skotheim
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A. Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G.Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Vychytilova-Faltejskova P, Slaby O. Circulating Blood-Borne microRNAs as Biomarkers in Solid Tumors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 106:75-122. [PMID: 26608200 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0955-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in cancer research is the identification of stable biomarkers that could be routinely measured in easily accessible samples. Human blood and other body fluids represent rich sources for the identification of novel biomarkers. It is apparent that the availability of these biomarkers would improve an early detection of asymptomatic disease and the clinical management of cancer. MicroRNAs have been described to be present in various types of body fluids including cell-free serum and plasma. These days, the involvement of microRNAs in molecular pathology of cancer is well established. Moreover, it seems that these molecules could be optimal noninvasive biomarkers owing to their high stability under storage and handling conditions and high sensitivity and specificity in various diseases. To date, more than 100 circulating microRNAs with the potential to serve as novel diagnostic, prognostic, or predictive biomarkers for different types of cancers have been identified, and this number is still increasing. However, there are major discrepancies in the findings by different research groups, and few commonly altered microRNAs have been reported in these studies. Further studies on large cohorts using uniform methodology are warranted to establish the clinical applicability of circulating microRNAs for solid tumors. Here, we summarize the tumor-specific profiles of blood-borne microRNAs and discuss their potential utility for personalized medicine of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Cheng L, Xia Z, Bian X, Li G, Hu J, Cao Y, Wang Q, Qian X. Combination of cetuximab and PP242 synergistically suppress the progression of wild-type KRAS colorectal carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:3185-92. [PMID: 26586952 PMCID: PMC4636092 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s82453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been shown to be overactive in human colorectal cancer, but the first-generation mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, has failed to show clinical efficacy against colorectal cancer. On the other hand, although the second-generation mTOR inhibitor, PP242, has exerted substantial efficacy, it was revealed that independent inhibition by PP242 was transient, which could lead to positive-feedback loop to EGFR. Using wild-type KRAS colorectal cancer cells as models, we investigate the treatment efficacy of a widely used anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, cetuximab, and PP242, alone or in combination in vitro and in vivo. Results of cell viability assays confirmed the synergistic inhibitory effect of PP242 and cetuximab on the survival of Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. Moreover, the ability of cancer-cell invasion and proliferation was also significantly inhibited by the combination therapy when compared with cetuximab or PP242 alone. Interestingly, the percentage of CD44-positive cancer cells was substantially decreased by the combination therapy in comparison with PP242 alone through fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The growth of cancer stem-like cell spheres in vitro was also maximally inhibited by combination therapy, in terms of either diameter or number. More importantly, the efficacy of combination therapy was more prominent than either drug alone in established tumor xenografts. These findings supported the potential use of combination therapy of PP242 and cetuximab against wild-type KRAS colorectal carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cheng
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum-Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuguang Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Bian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum-Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangchao Li
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum-Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Cao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum-Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Drum-Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Keirstead ND, Bertinetti-Lapatki C, Knapp D, Albassam M, Hughes V, Hong F, Roth AB, Mikaelian I. Temporal Patterns of Novel Circulating Biomarkers in IL-2-mediated Vascular Injury in the Rat. Toxicol Pathol 2015; 43:984-94. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623315601245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) administration in oncology indications is hampered by vascular toxicity, which presents as a vascular leak syndrome. We used this aspect of the toxicity of rIL-2 to evaluate candidate biomarkers of drug-induced vascular injury (DIVI) in rats given 0.36 mg/kg rIL-2 daily. Groups of rats were given either 2 or 5 doses of rIL-2 or 5 doses of rIL-2 followed by a 7-day recovery. The histomorphologic lexicon and grading scheme developed by the Vascular Injury Working Group of the Predictive Safety Testing Consortium of the Critical Path Institute were utilized to enable semiquantitative integration with circulating biomarker levels. The administration of rIL-2 was associated with time-dependent endothelial cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy and perivascular inflammation that correlated with increases in circulating angiopoietin-2, lipocalin-2, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, vascular endothelial growth factor A, E-selectin, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-1, and the microRNAs miR-21, miR-132, and miR-155. The dose groups were differentially identified by panels comprising novel candidate biomarkers and traditional hematologic parameters. These results identify biomarkers of the early stages of DIVI prior to the onset of vascular smooth muscle necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie D. Keirstead
- Hoffmann La-Roche Inc., Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Present address: Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Feng Hong
- Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Igor Mikaelian
- Hoffmann La-Roche Inc., Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Abbvie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Roberts BS, Hardigan AA, Kirby MK, Fitz-Gerald MB, Wilcox CM, Kimberly RP, Myers RM. Blocking of targeted microRNAs from next-generation sequencing libraries. Nucleic Acids Res 2015. [PMID: 26209131 PMCID: PMC4666382 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly abundant microRNAs (miRNAs) in small RNA sequencing libraries make it difficult to obtain efficient measurements of more lowly expressed species. We present a new method that allows for the selective blocking of specific, abundant miRNAs during preparation of sequencing libraries. This technique is specific with little off-target effects and has no impact on the reproducibility of the measurement of non-targeted species. In human plasma samples, we demonstrate that blocking of highly abundant hsa-miR-16–5p leads to improved detection of lowly expressed miRNAs and more precise measurement of differential expression overall. Furthermore, we establish the ability to target a second abundant miRNA and to multiplex the blocking of two miRNAs simultaneously. For small RNA sequencing, this technique could fill a similar role as do ribosomal or globin removal technologies in messenger RNA sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Roberts
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Andrew A Hardigan
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Marie K Kirby
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Meredith B Fitz-Gerald
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - C Mel Wilcox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
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Liu W, Zhao ZY, Shi L, Yuan WD. Tissue microRNA-126 expression level predicts outcome in human osteosarcoma. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:116. [PMID: 26194657 PMCID: PMC4509614 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0329-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-126 has been found to be consistently under-expressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines compared with normal bone tissues and normal osteoblast cells, respectively. The purpose of the present study was to detect the expression levels of miR-126 in osteosarcoma patients and to further investigate the clinicopathological, and prognostic value of miR-126. Methods We recruited 122 patients with osteosarcomas from the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital between May 2008 and April 2013. The expression level of miR-126 was determined by qRT-PCR. Associations between miR-126 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed using the χ2 test. Survival rate was determined with Kaplan-Meier and statistically analyzed with the log-rank method between groups. Survival data were evaluated through multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results miR-126 expression was significantly decreased in osteosarcoma tissues compared to adjacent normal bone tissues (2.421 ± 1.250 vs. 6.212 ± 1.843, P = 0.001). We found that low miR-126 expression had significant association with advanced TNM stage (P <0.001), distant metastasis (P <0.001), and higher tumor grade (P = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the miR-126 low-expression group had significantly shorter overall survival time than those with high-expression (log-rank test, P = 0.008). Furthermore, multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that miR-126 expression was independently associated with overall survival of patients with osteosarcoma (HR = 3.102, 95 % CI: 1.113–9.023, P = 0.018). Conclusions This is the first study revealing that miR-126 down-expression may be related to the prediction of poor prognosis for osteosarcoma patients, suggesting that miR-126 may serve as a prognostic marker for the optimization of clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhong-yuan Zhao
- Department of orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
| | - Wen-dan Yuan
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Laishan District, Yantai, 264003, Shandong, China.
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Wei B, Huang Q, Zhong X. Upregulation of nucleostemin in colorectal cancer and its effects on cell malignancy. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1805-14. [PMID: 26229488 PMCID: PMC4516200 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s78461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Nucleostemin (NS) is a new protein localized in the nucleolus of most stem cells and tumor cells, which regulates their self-renewal and cell cycle progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of NS in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the effects of NS knockdown in the Sw620 cell line to provide basis for clinical target therapy. Methods NS expression in 372 patients with CRC and 367 normal participants was assessed using immunohistochemistry. The expression level of NS gene was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction. Then, the relationship among NS expression, clinicopathological features, and prognosis was analyzed. Silencing of NS expression was achieved by using NS-specific small-interfering RNAs. The viability and growth rate of Sw620 cells were determined by proliferation and invasion assays. Cell cycle distribution of the cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results High NS expression was positively related with node metastasis, distant metastasis, and TNM stage. In Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, patients with low NS expression always had significantly longer survival time than those with high expression. Moreover, our results showed that knockdown of NS expression inhibited proliferation and viability of Sw620 cells in a time-dependent manner. Cell cycle studies revealed that NS depletion resulted in G1 cell cycle arrest at short times of transfection (24 hours), followed with apoptosis at longer times (48 hours and 72 hours), suggesting that post-G1 arrest apoptosis occurred in Sw620 cells. Conclusion Overall, these results point to the essential role of NS in Sw620 cells; thus, this gene might be considered a promising target for treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology and Peripheral Vascular Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoying Huang
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Research, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Peripheral Vascular Surgery, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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Jafri MA, Zaidi SK, Ansari SA, Al-Qahtani MH, Shay JW. MicroRNAs as potential drug targets for therapeutic intervention in colorectal cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2015; 19:1705-23. [PMID: 26189482 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2015.1069816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (19 - 22 nucleotide), non-protein-coding RNA segments that function as master regulators of hundreds of genes simultaneously in both normal and malignant cells. In colorectal cancer (CRC) miRNAs are deregulated and have critical roles in initiation and progression of CRC by interacting with various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes including APC, KRAS and p53, or by modulating downstream signal transduction pathways. Numerous promising miRNAs have emerged as potential drug targets for therapeutic intervention and possible candidates for replacement therapy in CRC. AREAS COVERED In this review the authors summarize the available information on miRNAs and their role in CRC. The authors point out specific miRNAs as potential drug targets and those having a significant role in gene activation and gene silencing during the process of CRC development, to highlight their importance as possible therapeutic candidates for the treatment of CRC. EXPERT OPINION Targeting miRNAs provides an emerging opportunity to develop effective miRNA-based replacement therapy or antagonists to alter expression in colon cancer patient tumors. However, the biggest challenge is to overcome obstacles associated with pharmacokinetics, delivery and toxicity in order to translate the potential of miRNAs into efficacious anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alam Jafri
- a 1 King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Kashif Zaidi
- a 1 King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakeel Ahmed Ansari
- a 1 King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jerry W Shay
- a 1 King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research , Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,b 2 UT Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Cell Biology , Dallas, TX, USA +1 214 648 4201 ; +1 214 648 5814 ;
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Identification of the long non-coding RNA H19 in plasma as a novel biomarker for diagnosis of gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11516. [PMID: 26096073 PMCID: PMC4476094 DOI: 10.1038/srep11516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regarded as useful tools for cancer detection, particularly for the early stage; however, little is known about their diagnostic impact on gastric cancer (GC). We hypothesized that GC-related lncRNAs might release into the circulation during tumor initiation and could be utilized to detect and monitor GC. 8 lncRNAs which previously found to be differently expressed in GC were selected as candidate targets for subsequent circulating lncRNA assay. After validating in 20 pairs of tissues and plasma in training set, H19 was selected for further analysis in another 70 patients and 70 controls. Plasma level of H19 was significantly higher in GC patients compared with normal controls (p < 0.0001). By receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.838; p < 0.001; sensitivity, 82.9%; specificity, 72.9%). Furthermore, H19 expression enabled the differentiation of early stage GC from controls with AUC of 0.877; sensitivity, 85.5%; specificity, 80.1%. Besides, plasma levels of H19 were significantly lower in postoperative samples than preoperative samples (p = 0.001). In conclusion, plasma H19 could serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of GC, in particular for early tumor screening.
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Kou Y, Zhang S, Chen X, Hu S. Gene expression profile analysis of colorectal cancer to investigate potential mechanisms using bioinformatics. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:745-52. [PMID: 25914544 PMCID: PMC4399548 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s78974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC) using bioinformatics analysis. Using GSE4107 datasets downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by comparing the RNA expression from the colonic mucosa between 12 CRC patients and ten healthy controls using a paired t-test. The Gene Ontology (GO) functional and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) software followed by the construction of a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. In addition, hub gene identification and GO functional and pathway enrichment analyses of the modules were performed. A total of 612 up- and 639 downregulated genes were identified. The upregulated DEGs were mainly involved in the regulation of cell growth, migration, and the MAPK signaling pathway. The downregulated DEGs were significantly associated with oxidative phosphorylation, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Moreover, FOS, FN1, PPP1CC, and CYP2B6 were selected as hub genes in the PPI networks. Two modules (up-A and up-B) in the upregulated PPI network and three modules (d-A, d-B, and d-C) in the downregulated PPI were identified with the threshold of Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) score ≥4 and nodes ≥6. The genes in module up-A were significantly enriched in neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions and the calcium signaling pathway. The genes in module d-A were enriched in four pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and Parkinson’s disease. DEGs, such as FOS, FN1, PPP1CC, and CYP2B6, may be used as potential targets for CRC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Kou
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China ; Department of General Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Baoshan Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Suya Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shuguang Hospital Baoshan Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shuguang Hospital Baoshan Branch, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanyuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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