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Pillay V, Tsai TS, Choonara YE, du Toit LC, Kumar P, Modi G, Naidoo D, Tomar LK, Tyagi C, Ndesendo VMK. A review of integrating electroactive polymers as responsive systems for specialized drug delivery applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:2039-54. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Viness Pillay
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Tong-Sheng Tsai
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Yahya E. Choonara
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Lisa C. du Toit
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Girish Modi
- Department of Neurology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Dinesh Naidoo
- Department of Neurosurgery; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Lomas K. Tomar
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Charu Tyagi
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Valence M. K. Ndesendo
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
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Wehrung D, Sun S, Chamsaz EA, Joy A, Oyewumi MO. Biocompatibility and In Vivo Tolerability of a New Class of Photoresponsive Alkoxylphenacyl-Based Polycarbonates. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:1650-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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53
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Guo H, Lai Q, Wang W, Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu Y, Yuan Z. Functional alginate nanoparticles for efficient intracellular release of doxorubicin and hepatoma carcinoma cell targeting therapy. Int J Pharm 2013; 451:1-11. [PMID: 23618965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to efficiently deliver chemotherapy drugs into hepatoma cells, a pH-sensitive and liver-targeted drug delivery system (glycyrrhetinic acid-modified alginate/doxorubicin-modified alginate complex nanoparticles), termed GA-ALG/DOX-ALG NPs, was prepared. First, GA-ALG and DOX-ALG were synthesized, and then GA-ALG/DOX-ALG NPs self-assembled by mixing GA-ALG and DOX-ALG via dialysis. Properties of pH-sensitivity, biodistribution in mice, and antitumor activity against ectopic hepatoma tumors in the NPs were evaluated. DOX release from GA-ALG/DOX-ALG NPs showed pH-sensitivity; less than 10% of drugs were liberated at pH 7.4 within 9 d while 58.7% of DOX released at pH 4.0. The confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) experiment showed that GA-ALG/DOX-ALG NPs can respond to the endosomal/lysosomal environment and had pH-triggered intracellular releasing property. The area under the curve (AUC(0-∞)) and half-life (t(½)) in the liver of GA-ALG/DOX-ALG NPs were 1156.7 μg h/g and 34.3 h, respectively, which was 11.8- and 3.2-fold higher than that of the DOX·HCl group. Furthermore, the inhibition rate of tumor growth was 79.3% after treatment with GA-ALG/DOX-ALG NPs, which was much higher than that of the DOX·HCl (48.5%) and DOX-ALG NPs groups (62.7%). Importantly, no mice died in the GA-ALG/DOX-ALG NPs group, while the mortality rate was 40% in the DOX·HCl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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54
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Roach P, McGarvey DJ, Lees MR, Hoskins C. Remotely triggered scaffolds for controlled release of pharmaceuticals. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:8585-602. [PMID: 23603890 PMCID: PMC3645763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14048585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fe3O4-Au hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) have shown increasing potential for biomedical applications such as image guided stimuli responsive drug delivery. Incorporation of the unique properties of HNPs into thermally responsive scaffolds holds great potential for future biomedical applications. Here we successfully fabricated smart scaffolds based on thermo-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNiPAM). Nanoparticles providing localized trigger of heating when irradiated with a short laser burst were found to give rise to remote control of bulk polymer shrinkage. Gold-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using wet chemical precipitation methods followed by electrochemical coating. After subsequent functionalization of particles with allyl methyl sulfide, mercaptodecane, cysteamine and poly(ethylene glycol) thiol to enhance stability, detailed biological safety was determined using live/dead staining and cell membrane integrity studies through lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) quantification. The PEG coated HNPs did not show significant cytotoxic effect or adverse cellular response on exposure to 7F2 cells (p < 0.05) and were carried forward for scaffold incorporation. The pNiPAM-HNP composite scaffolds were investigated for their potential as thermally triggered systems using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. These studies show that incorporation of HNPs resulted in scaffold deformation after very short irradiation times (seconds) due to internal structural heating. Our data highlights the potential of these hybrid-scaffold constructs for exploitation in drug delivery, using methylene blue as a model drug being released during remote structural change of the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Roach
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST4 7QB, UK; E-Mail:
| | - David J. McGarvey
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Physical and Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK; E-Mail:
| | - Martin R. Lees
- Physics Department, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; E-Mail:
| | - Clare Hoskins
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, ST5 5BG, UK
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +44-1782-734799; Fax: +44-1782-733326
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Abstract
Bioresponsive hydrogels are emerging with technological significance in targeted drug delivery, biosensors, and regenerative medicine. Their ability to respond to specific biologically derived stimuli creates a design challenge in effectively linking the conferred biospecificity with an engineered response tailored to the needs of a particular application. Moreover, the fundamental phenomena governing the response must support an appropriate dynamic range, limit of detection, and the potential for feedback control. The design of these systems is inherently complicated due to the high interdependency of the governing phenomena that guide sensing, transduction, and actuation of the hydrogel. Future advancements in bioresponsive hydrogels will out of necessity contain control loops similar to synthetic metabolic pathways. The use of these materials will continue to expand as they become coupled and integrated with new technologies.
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56
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Guo P, Hsu TM, Zhao Y, Martin CR, Zare RN. Preparing amorphous hydrophobic drug nanoparticles by nanoporous membrane extrusion. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:333-41. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to develop a simple and straightforward method for formulating hydrophobic drugs into nanoparticulate form in a scalable and inexpensive manner. Materials & methods: The nanoporous membrane extrusion (NME) method was used to prepare hydrophobic drug nanoparticles. NME is based on the induced precipitation of drug-loaded nanoparticles at the exits of nanopores. Three common hydrophobic drug models (silymarin, β-carotene and butylated hydroxytoluene) were tested. The authors carefully investigated the morphology, crystallinity and dissolution profile of the resulting nanoparticles. Results: Using NME, the authors successfully prepared rather uniform drug nanoparticles (∼100 nm in diameter). These nanoparticles were amorphous and show an improved dissolution profile compared with untreated drug powders. Conclusion: These studies suggest that NME could be used as a general method to produce nanoparticles of hydrophobic drugs. Original submitted 8 June 2011; Revised submitted 7 May 2012; Published online 3 September 2012
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
- School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tammy M Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Charles R Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA.
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57
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Dadsetan M, Taylor KE, Yong C, Bajzer Ž, Lu L, Yaszemski MJ. Controlled release of doxorubicin from pH-responsive microgels. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:5438-46. [PMID: 23022545 PMCID: PMC3970914 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have enormous potential in drug delivery applications. They can be used for site-specific drug delivery due to environmental variables in the body such as pH and temperature. In this study, we have developed pH-responsive microgels for the delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) in order to optimize its anti-tumor activity while minimizing its systemic toxicity. We used a copolymer of oligo(polyethylene glycol) fumarate (OPF) and sodium methacrylate (SMA) to fabricate the pH-responsive microgels. We demonstrated that the microgels were negatively charged, and the amounts of charge on the microgels were correlated with the SMA concentration in their formulation. The resulting microgels exhibited sensitivity to the pH and ionic strength of the surrounding environment. We demonstrated that DOX was efficiently loaded into the microgels and released in a controlled fashion via an ion-exchange mechanism. Our data revealed that the DOX release was influenced by the pH and ionic strength of the solution. Moreover, we designed a phenomenological mathematical model, based on a stretched exponential function, to quantitatively analyze the cumulative release of DOX. We found a linear correlation between the maximum release of DOX calculated from the model and the SMA concentration in the microgel formulation. The anti-tumor activity of the released DOX was assessed using a human chordoma cell line. Our data revealed that OPF-SMA microgels prolonged the cell killing effect of DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Dadsetan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - K. Efua Taylor
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chun Yong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Željko Bajzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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58
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Excited state dynamics of PPI dendrimers functionalized with 4-(4′-ethoxybenzoyloxy)salicylaldehyde chromophores. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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59
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Membrane-perturbing effect of fatty acids and lysolipids. Prog Lipid Res 2013; 52:130-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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60
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Shenoi RA, Narayanannair JK, Hamilton JL, Lai BFL, Horte S, Kainthan RK, Varghese JP, Rajeev KG, Manoharan M, Kizhakkedathu JN. Branched Multifunctional Polyether Polyketals: Variation of Ketal Group Structure Enables Unprecedented Control over Polymer Degradation in Solution and within Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:14945-57. [DOI: 10.1021/ja305080f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh A. Shenoi
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
V6T 1Z3
| | | | - Jasmine L. Hamilton
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
V6T 1Z3
| | - Benjamin F. L. Lai
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
V6T 1Z3
| | - Sonja Horte
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
V6T 1Z3
| | - Rajesh K. Kainthan
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 300 Third Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02142, United States
| | - Jos P. Varghese
- Sanmar Speciality Chemicals Ltd., Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Muthiah Manoharan
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 300 Third Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts
02142, United States
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research and
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
V6T 1Z3
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British
Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3
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61
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Guo P, You JO, Yang J, Moses MA, Auguste DT. Using breast cancer cell CXCR4 surface expression to predict liposome binding and cytotoxicity. Biomaterials 2012; 33:8104-10. [PMID: 22884683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The primary cause of mortality in breast cancer is tumor aggressiveness, characterized by metastases to regional lymph nodes, bone marrow, lung, and liver. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) has been shown to mobilize breast cancer cells along chemokine gradients. Quantification of CXCR4 surface expression may predict the efficacy of anti-CXCR4 labeled liposomal therapeutics to target and kill breast cancer cells. We evaluated gene and surface receptor expression of CXCR4 on breast cancer cell lines distinguished as having low and high invasiveness, MDA-MB-175VII and HCC1500, respectively. CXCR4 surface expression did not correlate with invasiveness. MDA-MB-175VII exhibited more binding to anti-CXCR4 labeled liposomes relative to HCC1500. Increased binding correlated with greater cell death relative to IgG labeled liposomes. Quantitative cell characterization may be used to select targeted therapeutics with enhanced efficacy and minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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62
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Franckevičius M, Vaišnoras R, Marcos M, Serrano J, Gruodis A, Galikova N, Gulbinas V. Tautomeric forms of PPI dendrimers functionalized with 4-(4′-ethoxybenzoyloxy)salicylaldehyde chromophores. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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63
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Muser SE, Paukstelis PJ. Three-dimensional DNA crystals with pH-responsive noncanonical junctions. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:12557-64. [PMID: 22768973 DOI: 10.1021/ja3025033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) DNA crystals have been envisioned as programmable biomaterial scaffolds for creating ordered arrays of biological and nonbiological molecules. Despite having excellent programmable properties, the linearity of the Watson-Crick B-form duplex imposes limitations on 3D crystal design. Predictable noncanonical base pairing motifs have the potential to serve as junctions to connect linear DNA segments into complex 3D lattices. Here, we designed crystals based on a template structure with parallel-stranded noncanonical base pairs. Depending on pH, the structures we determined contained all but one or two of the designed secondary structure interactions. Surprisingly, a conformational change of the designed Watson-Crick duplex region resulted in crystal packing differences between the predicted and observed structures. However, the designed noncanonical motif was virtually identical to the template when crystals were grown at pH 5.5, highlighting the motif's predictability. At pH 7.0 we observed a structurally similar variation on this motif that contains a previously unobserved C-G•G-C quadruple base pair. We demonstrate that these two variants can interconvert in crystallo in response to pH perturbations. This study spotlights several important considerations in DNA crystal design, describes the first 3D DNA lattice composed of A-DNA helical sheets, and reveals a noncanonical DNA motif that has adaptive features that may be useful for designing dynamic crystals or biomaterial assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie E Muser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Organization, University of Maryland, Maryland NanoCenter, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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64
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Li W, Guo Q, Zhao H, Zhang L, Li J, Gao J, Qian W, Li B, Chen H, Wang H, Dai J, Guo Y. Novel dual-control poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-chlorophyllin) nanogels for improving drug release. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 7:383-92. [PMID: 22385198 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM How to overcome insufficient drug release is an important issue in the drug-delivery system. MATERIALS & METHODS Here, a novel temperature and UV dual-control poly(N-isopropylacrylamide [PNIPAM]-co-chlorophyllin) nanogel was prepared via the surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. RESULTS The introduction of hydrophilic chlorophyllin to the PNIPAM chain backbone led to a narrow size of poly[NIPAM-co-CHLN nanogel (D ∼180 nm) confirmed by atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. This nanogel had a lower critical solution temperature (∼35°C), observed by dynamic laser light scattering. After the phase transition, the size under UV light (50 nm) was much smaller than that induced by temperature (90 nm). The inhomogeneous collapse was attributed to the temperature-gradient generated from the gel surface to the core with a surrounding dense PNIPAM layer. The obstacles that strongly inhibited 5-fluorouracil release was successfully overcome by light irradiation via a large drug diffusion coefficient. CONCLUSION Consequently, the novel dual functional nanogel is potent for improving the drug-release profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
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Thakur A, Fitzpatrick S, Zaman A, Kugathasan K, Muirhead B, Hortelano G, Sheardown H. Strategies for ocular siRNA delivery: Potential and limitations of non-viral nanocarriers. J Biol Eng 2012; 6:7. [PMID: 22686441 PMCID: PMC3533807 DOI: 10.1186/1754-1611-6-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling gene expression via small interfering RNA (siRNA) has opened the doors to a plethora of therapeutic possibilities, with many currently in the pipelines of drug development for various ocular diseases. Despite the potential of siRNA technologies, barriers to intracellular delivery significantly limit their clinical efficacy. However, recent progress in the field of drug delivery strongly suggests that targeted manipulation of gene expression via siRNA delivered through nanocarriers can have an enormous impact on improving therapeutic outcomes for ophthalmic applications. Particularly, synthetic nanocarriers have demonstrated their suitability as a customizable multifunctional platform for the targeted intracellular delivery of siRNA and other hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in ocular applications. We predict that synthetic nanocarriers will simultaneously increase drug bioavailability, while reducing side effects and the need for repeated intraocular injections. This review will discuss the recent advances in ocular siRNA delivery via non-viral nanocarriers and the potential and limitations of various strategies for the development of a ‘universal’ siRNA delivery system for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Thakur
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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66
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Papaphilippou P, Christodoulou M, Marinica OM, Taculescu A, Vekas L, Chrissafis K, Krasia-Christoforou T. Multiresponsive polymer conetworks capable of responding to changes in pH, temperature, and magnetic field: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of their ability for controlled uptake and release of solutes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:2139-2147. [PMID: 22452509 DOI: 10.1021/am300144w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the preparation of novel multiresponsive (magnetoresponsive, thermoresponsive and pH-responsive) nanocomposite conetworks consisting of oleic acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles (OA·Fe(3)O(4)), hydrophilic/thermoresponsive hexa(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (HEGMA), hydrophobic/metal binding 2-(acetoacetoxy)ethyl methacrylate (AEMA), and pH-responsive/thermoresponsive N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DEAEMA) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) moieties. Conventional free radical copolymerization was employed for the synthesis of random conetworks in the absence and presence of preformed OA·Fe(3)O(4). Further, in characterization of these materials in regards to their swelling behavior in organic and aqueous solvents, thermal/thermoresponsive properties, and composition, assessment of their magnetic characteristics disclosed tunable superparamagnetic behavior. These systems were also evaluated toward their ability to adsorb and release a solute (benzoic acid) in a controlled manner upon varying the pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petri Papaphilippou
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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67
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Doane TL, Burda C. The unique role of nanoparticles in nanomedicine: imaging, drug delivery and therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:2885-911. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15260f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 857] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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68
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Berenson DF, Weiss AR, Wan ZL, Weiss MA. Insulin analogs for the treatment of diabetes mellitus: therapeutic applications of protein engineering. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2011; 1243:E40-E54. [PMID: 22641195 PMCID: PMC3360579 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06468.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of insulin analogs represents a triumph of structure-based protein design. A framework has been provided by structures of insulin hexamers. Containing a zinc-coordinated trimer of dimers, such structures represent a storage form of the active insulin monomer. Initial studies focused on destabilization of subunit interfaces. Because disassembly facilitates capillary absorption, such targeted destabilization enabled development of rapid-acting insulin analogs. Converse efforts were undertaken to stabilize the insulin hexamer and promote higher-order self-assembly within the subcutaneous depot toward the goal of enhanced basal glycemic control with reduced risk of hypoglycemia. Current products either operate through isoelectric precipitation (insulin glargine, the active component of Lantus(®); Sanofi-Aventis) or employ an albumin-binding acyl tether (insulin detemir, the active component of Levemir(®); Novo-Nordisk). To further improve pharmacokinetic properties, modified approaches are presently under investigation. Novel strategies have recently been proposed based on subcutaneous supramolecular assembly coupled to (a) large-scale allosteric reorganization of the insulin hexamer (the TR transition), (b) pH-dependent binding of zinc ions to engineered His-X(3)-His sites at hexamer surfaces, or (c) the long-range vision of glucose-responsive polymers for regulated hormone release. Such designs share with wild-type insulin and current insulin products a susceptibility to degradation above room temperature, and so their delivery, storage, and use require the infrastructure of an affluent society. Given the global dimensions of the therapeutic supply chain, we envisage that concurrent engineering of ultra-stable protein analog formulations would benefit underprivileged patients in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Berenson
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Yale University. New Haven, CT
| | - Allison R. Weiss
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zhu-li Wan
- Departments of Biochemistry, Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Michael A. Weiss
- Departments of Biochemistry, Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
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69
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Phelps J, Bentley MVL, Lopes LB. In situ gelling hexagonal phases for sustained release of an anti-addiction drug. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 87:391-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Arouri A, Mouritsen OG. Phospholipase A(2)-susceptible liposomes of anticancer double lipid-prodrugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011; 45:408-20. [PMID: 21946258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel approach to anticancer drug delivery is presented based on lipid-like liposome-forming anticancer prodrugs that are susceptible to secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) that is overexpressed in several cancer types. The approach provides a selective unloading of anticancer drugs at the target tissues, as well as circumvents the necessity for "conventional" drug loading. In our attempts to improve the performance of the liposomes in vivo, several PEGylated and non-PEGylated liposomal formulations composed of a retinoid prodrug premixed with the sPLA(2)-hydrolyzable DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) were prepared. Besides favorably modifying the physicochemical properties of the liposomes, the incorporation of DPPC and PEG-lipids in the liposomes should substantially enhance the enzymatic activity, as concluded from literature. In addition, one can reap benefits from the presumed permeability enhancing effect of the liberated fatty acids and lysolipids. The size distribution of the prepared liposomes as well as their phase behavior, enzymatic hydrolysis, and cytotoxicity, in the presence and absence of sPLA(2), were determined. The liposomes were around 100nm in diameter and in the gel/fluid coexistence region at 37°C. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the prodrug was pronouncedly accelerated upon the premixing with DPPC, and the hydrolysis was further enhanced by PEGylation. Interestingly, the faster hydrolysis of the prodrug and the released fatty acids and lysolipids from DPPC did not improve the cytotoxicity of the mixture; the effect of combining the prodrug with DPPC was additive and not synergistic. The data presented here question the significance of the permeability enhancing effects claimed for fatty acids and lysolipids at the target cell membrane, and whether these effects can be achieved using physiologically achievable concentrations of fatty acids and lysolipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Arouri
- MEMPHYS(1)-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics and Chemistry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Chatzipavlidis A, Bilalis P, Efthimiadou EK, Boukos N, Kordas GC. Sacrificial template-directed fabrication of superparamagnetic polymer microcontainers for pH-activated controlled release of Daunorubicin. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8478-8485. [PMID: 21648457 DOI: 10.1021/la201240h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic pH-sensitive microcontainers were produced by a four-step process. The first step involves the synthesis of citrate-modified magnetic nanoparticles via the coprecipitation method. The second step consists of the encapsulation of magnetic nanoparticles in non-cross-linked poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) microspheres through distillation precipitation polymerization, resulting in a core/shell structure. The third step concerns the formation of a poly(N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide)-co-mathacrylic acid) (P(MBAAm-co-MAA)) layer on the surface of magnetic PMAA microspheres by second distillation precipitation polymerization in order to produce a trilayer hybrid microsphere. The last step deals with the removal of PMAA layer in ethanol and formation of a stable P(MBAAm-co-MAA) microcontainer with magnetic nanoparticles entrapped inside the formed cavity. This process is simple and leads to the formation of superparamagnetic pH-sensitive microcontainers. The structure and properties of the magnetic microcontainers were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) to determine the functionalities of the hybrid structure. The magnetic pH-sensitive microcontainers were loaded with Daunorubicin and tested with respect to release rate at different pH values in order to evaluate their functionality as controlled release system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chatzipavlidis
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou st., Zografos, GR-157 80 Athens, Greece
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Stephan MT, Irvine DJ. Enhancing Cell therapies from the Outside In: Cell Surface Engineering Using Synthetic Nanomaterials. NANO TODAY 2011; 6:309-325. [PMID: 21826117 PMCID: PMC3148657 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic treatments based on the injection of living cells are in clinical use and preclinical development for diseases ranging from cancer to cardiovascular disease to diabetes. To enhance the function of therapeutic cells, a variety of chemical and materials science strategies are being developed that engineer the surface of therapeutic cells with new molecules, artificial receptors, and multifunctional nanomaterials, synthetically endowing donor cells with new properties and functions. These approaches offer a powerful complement to traditional genetic engineering strategies for enhancing the function of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias T. Stephan
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Darrell J. Irvine
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
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