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Han C, Sun LY, Wang WT, Sun YM, Chen YQ. Non-coding RNAs in cancers with chromosomal rearrangements: the signatures, causes, functions and implications. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 11:886-898. [PMID: 31361891 PMCID: PMC6884712 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocation leads to the juxtaposition of two otherwise separate DNA loci, which could result in gene fusion. These rearrangements at the DNA level are catastrophic events and often have causal roles in tumorigenesis. The oncogenic DNA messages are transferred to RNA molecules, which are in most cases translated into cancerous fusion proteins. Gene expression programs and signaling pathways are altered in these cytogenetically abnormal contexts. Notably, non-coding RNAs have attracted increasing attention and are believed to be tightly associated with chromosome-rearranged cancers. These RNAs not only function as modulators in downstream pathways but also directly affect chromosomal translocation or the associated products. This review summarizes recent research advances on the relationship between non-coding RNAs and chromosomal translocations and on diverse functions of non-coding RNAs in cancers with chromosomal rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lin-Yu Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wen-Tao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yu-Meng Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yue-Qin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Expression of non-coding RNAs in hematological malignancies. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 875:172976. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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53
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Gao J, Wang F, Wu P, Chen Y, Jia Y. Aberrant LncRNA Expression in Leukemia. J Cancer 2020; 11:4284-4296. [PMID: 32368311 PMCID: PMC7196264 DOI: 10.7150/jca.42093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a common malignant cancer of the hematopoietic system, whose pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding function. Recent studies report their role in cellular processes such as the regulation of gene expression, as well as in the carcinogenesis, occurrence, development, and prognosis of various tumors. Evidence indicating relationships between a variety of lncRNAs and leukemia pathophysiology has increased dramatically in the previous decade, with specific lncRNAs expected to serve as diagnostic biomarkers, novel therapeutic targets, and predictors of clinical outcomes. Furthermore, these lncRNAs might offer insight into disease pathogenesis and novel treatment options. This review summarizes progress in studies on the role(s) of lncRNAs in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fujue Wang
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengqiang Wu
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingying Chen
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongqian Jia
- Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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Gao Z, Xiong Z, Sun Y, Wu J, Liu J, Liu Y, Li H, Li B, Jin T. CASC15 polymorphisms are correlated with cervical cancer susceptibility in Chinese women. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1246. [PMID: 32329235 PMCID: PMC7284034 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is a frequent, common cancer in women, and causes high cancer‐related deaths among women in our world. Accumulating studies provided an important evidence for long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) polymorphisms in the susceptibility of various cancer. Here, we recruited 494 cervical cancer cases and 504 unrelated controls to assess the relationship between CASC15 (OMIM# 616610) polymorphisms and cervical cancer susceptibility. Methods Agena MassARRAY platform was conducted to genotype CASC15 polymorphisms. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed through logistic regression to adjust for confounding factors, such as age and gender. Results Our study suggested that rs12212674 (NC_000006.12:g.22086845T>A) “A” allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.01–1.69, p = .041). The result was demonstrated in the log‐additive model (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.02–1.72, p = .037). After age stratification, we also found that the “TT” genotype of rs4712653 (NC_000006.11:g.22125964T>C) in CASC15 was interaction with a higher cervical cancer risk in subjects aged ≤51 years in the co‐dominant model (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.02–4.25, p = .044) and the recessive model (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.05–4.24, p = .036). Whereas no significant correlation was found among other SNPs of CASC15 polymorphisms and the risk of cervical cancer. MDR analysis illustrated that the interaction between rs7740084 (NC_000006.11:g.21727531G>A), rs1555529 (NC_000006.11:g.21691704A>G), and rs12212674 had a certain effect on the progress of cervical cancer. Conclusion Our results revealed a potential interaction between CASC15 polymorphisms and cervical cancer susceptibility. The results provided important insights into CASC15 function in the development of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zichao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haiyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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Ying X, Zhang W, Fang M, Wang C, Han L, Yang C. LncRNA SNHG5 regulates SOX4 expression through competitive binding to miR-489-3p in acute myeloid leukemia. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:607-618. [PMID: 32266420 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Currently, lncRNA plays an important role in the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including SNHG5. However, the role and mechanism of SNHG5 in AML remains unclear. In this study, we explored the regulatory mechanism of SNHG5 in the development of AML. METHODS AND RESULTS QRT-PCR was used to investigate the expression of SNHG5, miR-489-3p, and SOX. The proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells were analyzed by cell transfection, cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), and flow cytometric analysis. Moreover, the expression analysis of marker proteins was detected by western blot. Through luciferase activity assay, RNA pull-down, and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), we proved that SNHG5 could bind miR-489-3p and SOX4 which might be the target gene of miR-489-3p. RESULTS We first found that SNHG5 was up-regulated in both AML patient bone marrow samples and various AML cell lines. Second, we found that knockdown of SNHG5 inhibited proliferation of AML cells and promoted apoptosis. It was found that SNHG5 could bind miR-489-3p, and the relative expression of SNHG5 was negatively correlated with miR-489-3p. Further results suggested that SOX4 might be the target gene of miR-489-3p. Finally, our experimental data indicated that knockdown of SNHG5 could reduce the tumor volume and down-regulated SOX4 levels in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that SNHG5 affected the expression of SOX4 through binding miR-489-3p to regulate proliferation and apoptosis of AML, which might act as a prospective prognostic biological marker and a promising therapeutic target for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Ying
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Affiliated No. 2 Hospital School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University West Five Road, No 157, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Wanggang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Affiliated No. 2 Hospital School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University West Five Road, No 157, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meiyun Fang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Chenmeng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Liaoning, Dalian, 116001, China
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Xu G, Wang H, Yuan D, Yao J, Meng L, Li K, Zhang Y, Dang C, Zhu K. RUNX1-activated upregulation of lncRNA RNCR3 promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and suppresses apoptosis in colorectal cancer via miR-1301-3p/AKT1 axis in vitro and in vivo. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1762-1777. [PMID: 32239427 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have participated in progression of colorectal cancer. This study aims to study the role of RUNX1/RNCR3/miR-1301-3p/AKT1 axis in colorectal cancer. METHODS The cancer tissues were from patients with colorectal cancer. The qRT-PCR was used to determine expression of lncRNA RNCR3, miR-1301-3p, and AKT1. Both dual-luciferase reporter assay and ChIP assay were conducted to investigate the binding sites of RUNX1 on RNCR3 promoter. Western blot was performed to analyze expression of AKT1 protein. Both dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were performed to detect the interacting sites between RNCR3 and miR-1301-3p. The CCK-8 assay, soft agar assay, transwell assay, and annexin-V-FITC/PI staining were applied to analyze the cell growth, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. RESULTS The data demonstrated that RNCR3 was elevated in colorectal cancer, and it was negatively correlated with expression of miR-1301-3p which was decreased in cancers. Then, RNCR3 could interact with and suppress miR-1301-3p expression in HCT116 and SW480. Knockdown of RNCR3 or miR-1301-3p overexpression significantly inhibited cell growth, invasion, and increased apoptosis through suppressing expression of Cyclin A1, PCNA, N-cadherin, Bcl-2, and promoting expression of E-cadherin, Bax in vitro and in vivo. RUNX1 was directly bound to RNCR3 promoter to activate RNCR3 expression. Furthermore, overexpression of RNCR3 blocked tumor inhibitory effects of miR-1301-3p on proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, RNCR3 and miR-1301-3p synergistically modulated AKT1 expression. CONCLUSION RUNX1-activated upregulation of RNCR3 promoted colorectal cancer progression by sponging miR-1301-3p to elevate AKT1 levels in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - D Yuan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - J Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - L Meng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - K Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - C Dang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - K Zhu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 277 West Yan-ta Road, Xi 'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Chen L, Fan X, Zhu J, Chen X, Liu Y, Zhou H. LncRNA MAGI2-AS3 inhibits the self-renewal of leukaemic stem cells by promoting TET2-dependent DNA demethylation of the LRIG1 promoter in acute myeloid leukaemia. RNA Biol 2020; 17:784-793. [PMID: 32174258 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1726637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence or absence of cytogenetic mutations is proposed to be responsible for the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, the current classification system is inadequate to elucidate the molecular heterogeneity of the disease, and therapy failures frequently occur. Leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) initiate and maintain the clonal hierarchy of AML and exhibit properties of self-renewal remaining recalcitrant to conventional chemotherapy. In this study, we identified a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MAGI2 antisense RNA 3 (MAGI2-AS3) in AML and investigated its functional role in regulating LSCs self-renewal. LSCs were identified by immunoprofiling of CD34+ CD123+ in AML patients' marrow. MAGI2-AS3 exhibited a poor expression level in LSCs than the normal human haematopoietic stem cells. Lentivirus-mediated upregulation of MAGI2-AS3 or leucine-rich repeats and Ig-like domains 1 (LRIG1) impaired LSCs self-renewal. MAGI2-AS3-overexpressed LSCs acquired the ability of self-renewal following lentivirus-mediated knockdown of LRIG1. Methylation-dependent inhibition of LRIG1 was evident in LSCs. MAGI2-AS3 was found to induce occupancy of TET2 at the LRIG1 promoter. Lentivirus-mediated downregulation of TET2 could impair MAGI2-AS3-mediated elevation of LRIG1 and neutralize the inhibitory effect of MAGI2-AS3 on LSCs self-renewal. In vivo analysis indicated an elevated overall survival of NOD/SCID mice injected with LSCs in the presence of MAGI2-AS3. Altogether, the key findings support the potential of lncRNA MAGI2-AS3 to serve as a novel candidate for the improvement of AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Fan
- Liver Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Liver Cirrhosis & National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Xuexin Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Yiling Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
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Meliala ITS, Hosea R, Kasim V, Wu S. The biological implications of Yin Yang 1 in the hallmarks of cancer. Theranostics 2020; 10:4183-4200. [PMID: 32226547 PMCID: PMC7086370 DOI: 10.7150/thno.43481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multistep process characterized by the acquisition of genetic and epigenetic alterations. During the course of malignancy development, tumor cells acquire several features that allow them to survive and adapt to the stress-related conditions of the tumor microenvironment. These properties, which are known as hallmarks of cancer, include uncontrolled cell proliferation, metabolic reprogramming, tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune system evasion. Zinc-finger protein Yin Yang 1 (YY1) regulates numerous genes involved in cell death, cell cycle, cellular metabolism, and inflammatory response. YY1 is highly expressed in many cancers, whereby it is associated with cell proliferation, survival, and metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, recent studies also have demonstrated the important role of YY1-related non-coding RNAs in acquiring cancer-specific characteristics. Therefore, these YY1-related non-coding RNAs are also crucial for YY1-mediated tumorigenesis. Herein, we summarize recent progress with respect to YY1 and its biological implications in the context of hallmarks of cancer.
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Chen B, Zhang Q, Wang X, Wang Y, Cui J, Zhuang H, Tang J. The lncRNA ENSG00000254041.1 promotes cell invasiveness and associates with poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3647-3661. [PMID: 32090981 PMCID: PMC7066894 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) mainly occurs after 60 years of age, and its prognosis remains poor despite modest improvements in recent decades. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are well known as a class of transcripts involved in cancer occurrence and progression. The process of epithelial to a mesenchymal (EMT) phenotype in tumor cell increases their migratory and invasive properties, resulting in facilitating metastasis. Here, we reanalyzed RNA-seq data from the TCGA PC database and identified that ENSG00000254041.1 increasingly expressed in samples with elevated EMT signature score. Then, the evaluated expression and prognostic significance of ENSG00000254041.1 were verified in our cohort. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis suggested that ENSG00000254041.1 was independent factors for predicting the prognosis of PC, apart from advanced stage (III/IV). Moreover, functional assay revealed that knock down of ENSG00000254041.1 significantly decreased proliferation, invasion and chemoresistance of PC cells (SW1990 and BxPC-3), while overexpression of ENSG00000254041.1 in PC cells (Panc-1) resulted in the opposite effects. Western blot showed that knockdown of ENSG00000254041.1 expression in PC cells caused a significant downregulation of vimentin, Snail and SOX4, and upregulation of E-cadherin; also, ENSG00000254041.1 overexpression in PC cells resulted in opposite effects. In conclusion, these findings indicated that ENSG00000254041.1 promotes PC progression, and might provide a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Xujing Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Yongkun Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Jiaqu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Huiren Zhuang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
| | - Jianying Tang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200123, China
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Qin X, Zhu S, Chen Y, Chen D, Tu W, Zou H. Long Non-Coding RNA (LncRNA) CASC15 Is Upregulated in Diabetes-Induced Chronic Renal Failure and Regulates Podocyte Apoptosis. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919415. [PMID: 32053576 PMCID: PMC7034410 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CASC15 has been recently characterized as an oncogenic lncRNA. This study aimed to investigate the role of CASC15 in diabetic patients complicated with chronic renal failure (DCRF). MATERIAL AND METHODS Levels of CASC15 in plasma derived from 3 groups of participants were measured by qPCR and compared by ANOVA and Tukey test. The interaction between CASC15 and miR-34c was analyzed by performing cell transfections. Cell apoptosis assay was performed to analyze the effects of transfections on the apoptosis of CIHP-1 cells (podocytes). RESULTS We found that CASC15 in plasma was upregulated in DCRF compared with diabetic patients (no obvious complications) and healthy controls. Upregulation of CASC15 distinguished DCRF patients from healthy controls and diabetic patients. High D-glucose environment induced the upregulation of CASC15 in cells of the human podocyte cell line CIHP-1. Overexpression of CASC15 did not affect miR-34c in CIHP-1 cells, but bioinformatics analysis showed that CASC15 can sponge miR-34c. Overexpression of CASC15 led to an increased apoptotic rate of CIHP-1 cells, and miR-34c overexpression led to a decreased apoptotic rate of CIHP-1 cells. In addition, CASC15 overexpression attenuated the effects of miR-34c overexpression on cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, CASC15 is upregulated in DCRF patients and promotes the apoptosis of podocytes by sponging miR-34c. Our study adds to our understanding of the pathogenesis of DCRF and suggests that CASC15 could serve as a potential therapeutic target of DCRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Shuying Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Weiping Tu
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Hongchang Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Universityy, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
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Huang Y, Guo Q, Ding XP, Wang X. Mechanism of long noncoding RNAs as transcriptional regulators in cancer. RNA Biol 2020; 17:1680-1692. [PMID: 31888402 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1710405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of gene expression, often interpreted by gene transcription as an endpoint response, is tightly associated with human cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), derived from the noncoding elements in the genome and appeared no less than 200nt in length, have emerged as a novel class of pivotal regulatory component. Recently, great attention has been paid to the cancer-related lncRNAs and growing evidence have shown that lncRNAs act as key transcriptional regulators in cancer cells through diverse mechanisms. Here, we focus on the nucleus-expressed lncRNAs and summarize their molecular mechanisms in transcriptional control during tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. Six major mechanisms will be discussed in this review: association with transcriptional factor, modulating DNA methylation or histone modification enzyme, influencing on chromatin remodelling complex, facilitating chromosomal looping, interaction with RNA polymerase and direct association with promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, China
| | - Xi-Ping Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangting Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, China
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Xu Z, Liu C, Zhao Q, Lü J, Ding X, Luo A, He J, Wang G, Li Y, Cai Z, Wang Z, Liu J, Liu S, Li W, Yu Z. Long non-coding RNA CCAT2 promotes oncogenesis in triple-negative breast cancer by regulating stemness of cancer cells. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104628. [PMID: 31904506 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are more aggressive due to lacking receptors for hormone therapy and maintaining stemness features in cancer cells. Herein we found long non-coding RNA CCAT2 overexpressed specially in TNBC, and in breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) as well. Enforced overexpression and targeted knockdown demonstrated the oncogenic function of CCAT2 both in vitro and in vivo. CCAT2 promoted the expression of stemness markers including OCT4, Nanog and KLF4, increased mammosphere formation and induced ALDH+ cancer stem cell population in TNBC. A chromosomally adjacent gene OCT4-PG1, as a pseudogene of OCT4, was upregulated by CCAT2, and positively regulated the stemness features of TNBC cells. miR-205 was identified as a target gene of CCAT2 in TNBC. Point-mutation in CCAT2 impaired the sponge inhibition of miR-205. Overexpression of miR-205 rescued the oncogenic phenotypes induced by CCAT2. In addition, Notch2, as a target gene of miR-205, was downregulated by miR-205 and upregulated by CCAT2 in TNBC. Collectively, the current study revealed a novel function of CCAT2 in promoting tumor initiation and progression in TNBC through upregulating OCT4-PG1 expression and activating Notch signaling. These findings not only demonstrated a lncRNA-based therapeutic strategy in treatment of TNBC, but also added a node to the regulatory network of CCAT2 that controls aggressiveness of breast cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cuiui Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jinhui Lü
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - An Luo
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jia He
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Guangxue Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhaoqing Cai
- Tongji University School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongrui Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Suling Liu
- Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenshu Li
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Kazachenka A, Young GR, Attig J, Kordella C, Lamprianidou E, Zoulia E, Vrachiolias G, Papoutselis M, Bernard E, Papaemmanuil E, Kotsianidis I, Kassiotis G. Epigenetic therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes connects to cellular differentiation independently of endogenous retroelement derepression. Genome Med 2019; 11:86. [PMID: 31870430 PMCID: PMC6929315 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-019-0707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are characterised by abnormal epigenetic repression and differentiation of bone marrow haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Drugs that reverse epigenetic repression, such as 5-azacytidine (5-AZA), induce haematological improvement in half of treated patients. Although the mechanisms underlying therapy success are not yet clear, induction of endogenous retroelements (EREs) has been hypothesised. METHODS Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we compared the transcription of EREs in bone marrow HSCs from a new cohort of MDS and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) patients before and after 5-AZA treatment with HSCs from healthy donors and AML patients. We further examined ERE transcription using the most comprehensive annotation of ERE-overlapping transcripts expressed in HSCs, generated here by de novo transcript assembly and supported by full-length RNA-seq. RESULTS Consistent with prior reports, we found that treatment with 5-AZA increased the representation of ERE-derived RNA-seq reads in the transcriptome. However, such increases were comparable between treatment responses and failures. The extended view of HSC transcriptional diversity offered by de novo transcript assembly argued against 5-AZA-responsive EREs as determinants of the outcome of therapy. Instead, it uncovered pre-treatment expression and alternative splicing of developmentally regulated gene transcripts as predictors of the response of MDS and CMML patients to 5-AZA treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies the developmentally regulated transcriptional signatures of protein-coding and non-coding genes, rather than EREs, as correlates of a favourable response of MDS and CMML patients to 5-AZA treatment and offers novel candidates for further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Kazachenka
- Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - George R Young
- Retrovirus-Host Interactions, The Francis Crick Institute, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Jan Attig
- Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Chrysoula Kordella
- Department of Haematology, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Lamprianidou
- Department of Haematology, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Emmanuela Zoulia
- Department of Haematology, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George Vrachiolias
- Department of Haematology, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Menelaos Papoutselis
- Department of Haematology, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Elsa Bernard
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Center for Heme Malignancies and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Elli Papaemmanuil
- Center for Molecular Oncology, Center for Heme Malignancies and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Ioannis Kotsianidis
- Department of Haematology, Democritus University of Thrace Medical School, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - George Kassiotis
- Retroviral Immunology, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK.
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Sheng L, Wei R. Long Non-Coding RNA-CASC15 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Melanoma. Pathobiology 2019; 87:20-29. [PMID: 31838468 DOI: 10.1159/000502803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and high mortality skin cancers in the world. Long non-coding RNA-CASC15, as a carcinogen, plays an important role in a variety of tumorigenesis; however, the role and underlying mechanism of CASC15 in melanoma remain unclear. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was applied to explore CASC15 and β-catenin expression in melanoma tissues and cells. Western blotting was carried out to investigate β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3β, Survivin, Bax, Bcl-2, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein expression level. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were observed by colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and transwell migration and invasion assays, respectively. The activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was measured by Topflash luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS The expression of CASC15 and β-catenin was upregulated in melanoma tissues and cells. Knockdown of CASC15 suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inhibited β-catenin expression. Furthermore, inhibition of CASC15 decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of melanoma cells by downregulating Survivin and Bcl-2 and upregulating Bax in A375 and SK-MEL-28 cells. Silencing of CASC15 inhibited migration and invasion of melanoma cells by repressing EMT process. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that CASC15 promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma cells via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, implying that CASC15 might be a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sheng
- Department of Dermatology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China,
| | - Rong Wei
- Department of Dermatology, The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guiyang, China
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Cuadros M, Andrades Á, Coira IF, Baliñas C, Rodríguez MI, Álvarez-Pérez JC, Peinado P, Arenas AM, García DJ, Jiménez P, Camós M, Jiménez-Velasco A, Medina PP. Expression of the long non-coding RNA TCL6 is associated with clinical outcome in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2019; 9:93. [PMID: 31767830 PMCID: PMC6877621 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-019-0258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cuadros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.Granada), Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Andrades
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Isabel F Coira
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos Baliñas
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María I Rodríguez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.Granada), Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Álvarez-Pérez
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.Granada), Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Paola Peinado
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alberto M Arenas
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel J García
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Jiménez
- Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.Granada), Granada, Spain.,Department of Clinical Analysis and Immunology, UGC Laboratorio Clínico, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Mireia Camós
- Hematology Laboratory, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, University of Barcelona; Institut de Recerca Hospital Sant Joan de Deu Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pedro P Medina
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain. .,Health Research Institute of Granada (ibs.Granada), Granada, Spain. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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66
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Leung RKC, Leung HC, Leung AYH. Diverse pathogenetic roles of SOX genes in acute myeloid leukaemia and their therapeutic implications. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 67:24-29. [PMID: 31698089 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of diseases with diverse pathogenetic pathways. When treated uniformly with conventional chemotherapy and allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), it showed variable clinical outcome and prognosis. Members of the SOX [Sry-related high-mobility group (HMG) box] gene family are involved in diverse embryonic and oncogenic processes. The roles of SOX genes in AML are not entirely clear but emerging evidence, including that arising from studies in solid-cancers, showed that SOX genes can function as tumour suppressors or oncogenes and may be involved in key pathogenetic pathways in AML involving C/EBPα mutations, activation of β-catenin/Wnt and Hedgehog pathways and aberrant TP53 signals. Recent data based on genomics and proteomics have identified key interactions between SOX genes and partnering proteins of pathogenetic significance. The observations illustrated the principles and feasibilities of developing lead molecules of potential therapeutic values. Studying the diverse pathogenetic roles of SOX genes in AML may shed lights to the heterogeneity of AML and generate information that can be translated into novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard K C Leung
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Ching Leung
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Anskar Y H Leung
- Division of Haematology, Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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67
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Chen L, Gong X, Huang M. YY1-Activated Long Noncoding RNA SNHG5 Promotes Glioblastoma Cell Proliferation Through p38/MAPK Signaling Pathway. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:589-596. [PMID: 31657621 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Xin Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Mengyi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
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68
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Gourvest M, Brousset P, Bousquet M. Long Noncoding RNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Functional Characterization and Clinical Relevance. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111638. [PMID: 31653018 PMCID: PMC6896193 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is the most common form of leukemia in adults with an incidence of 4.3 per 100,000 cases per year. Historically, the identification of genetic alterations in AML focused on protein-coding genes to provide biomarkers and to understand the molecular complexity of AML. Despite these findings and because of the heterogeneity of this disease, questions as to the molecular mechanisms underlying AML development and progression remained unsolved. Recently, transcriptome-wide profiling approaches have uncovered a large family of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Larger than 200 nucleotides and with no apparent protein coding potential, lncRNAs could unveil a new set of players in AML development. Originally considered as dark matter, lncRNAs have critical roles to play in the different steps of gene expression and thus affect cellular homeostasis including proliferation, survival, differentiation, migration or genomic stability. Consequently, lncRNAs are found to be differentially expressed in tumors, notably in AML, and linked to the transformation of healthy cells into leukemic cells. In this review, we aim to summarize the knowledge concerning lncRNAs functions and implications in AML, with a particular emphasis on their prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Gourvest
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III-CNRS ERL5294, 31037 Toulouse, France.
| | - Pierre Brousset
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III-CNRS ERL5294, 31037 Toulouse, France.
| | - Marina Bousquet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 INSERM-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III-CNRS ERL5294, 31037 Toulouse, France.
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69
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Shi Y, Gao S, Zheng Y, Yao M, Ruan F. LncRNA CASC15 Functions As An Unfavorable Predictor Of Ovarian Cancer Prognosis And Inhibits Tumor Progression Through Regulation Of miR-221/ARID1A Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8725-8736. [PMID: 31695430 PMCID: PMC6815787 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s219900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 15 (CASC15) has been demonstrated to act as an oncogene in different cancers; however, its role in ovarian cancer remains elusive. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine the expression of lncRNA CASC15. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of lncRNA CASC15. CCK-8, soft-agar colony-formation, flow cytometry, transwell migration and invasion assays were used to analyze the biological behavior of lncRNA CASC5 in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, the potential mechanism of lncRNA CAC15 was investigated by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, and biotin pull-down assay. Results In this study, we found that the expression of CASC15 was lower in ovarian cancer tissues and cells by qRT-PCR. In addition, low expression of CASC15 was closely correlated with advanced TNM stage, moderate/poor differentiation, and larger size. Moreover, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with low CASC15 expression level had poorer overall survival and progression-free survival than those with high CASC15 expression. Meanwhile, ROC analysis found that CASC15 had diagnostic values to distinguish tumor tissues from nontumorous tissues. Overexpression of CASC15 prohibited the malignancy of ovarian cancer cells, including proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis. In addition, bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay, and biotin pull-down assay confirmed that CASC15 straightly interacted with miR-221. We also observed that ARID1A was a downstream target of miR-221 and CASC15 subsequently exerted its tumor-suppressive effects by regulating the expression of ARID1A in ovarian cancer cells. Conclusion Overall, this study firstly elucidated that CASC15 could play a tumor-suppressive role in ovarian cancer by the regulation of CASC15/miR-221/ARID1A axis, which may provide a ponderable prognostic biomarker and promising therapeutic target for treatment of patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mukun Yao
- Department of Gynecology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Ruan
- Department of Gynecology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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70
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Li Y, Chen G, Yan Y, Fan Q. CASC15 promotes epithelial to mesenchymal transition and facilitates malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by increasing TWIST1 gene expression via miR-33a-5p sponging. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 860:172589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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71
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Gao B, Li S, Li G. Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 5 (SNHG5) Regulates Proliferation, Differentiation, and Apoptosis of K562 Cells in Chronic Myeliod Leukemia. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6812-6819. [PMID: 31506418 PMCID: PMC6753843 DOI: 10.12659/msm.916661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder with high malignant and invasive activity. lncRNA SNHG5 has been reported to be upregulated in CML. However, whether it affects the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in CML cells is still unknown. This study investigated the role of SNHG5 in CML and revealed the potential mechanism. Material/Methods K562 cells were transfected with shRNA, and the expression level of SNHG5 was assessd by quantitative RT-PCR. The proliferation ability was determined by CCK-8 assay. Western blot analysis was performed to detect protein expressions related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. The DNA methylation level was determined by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Results Our results show that inhibition of SNHG5 induced by RNA interference significantly inhibits K562 cells proliferation and induces cell differentiation with the increased expression of CD42b, CD11b, CD14, GATA-1, and β-globin. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that inhibition of SNHG5 significantly induced cell apoptosis with decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax and cleaved capase-3. Additionally, Western blot and MSP analyses confirmed that inhibition of SNHG5 increased the expression of DR4 gene through suppressing its methylation. Conclusions Inhibition of SNHG5 suppressed K562 cell proliferation through inducing the differentiation and apoptosis by inhibiting methylation of DR4. Therefore, downregulated SNHG5 could play a key role in CML progression, and might provide a new strategy for the treatment of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Song Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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72
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Peng L, Zhang Y, Xin H. lncRNA SNHG3 facilitates acute myeloid leukemia cell growth via the regulation of miR-758-3p/SRGN axis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1023-1031. [PMID: 31452272 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) is a newly identified long non-coding RNA whose dysregulation has been reported in several cancers. However, the details about clinical significances and biological functions of SNHG3 on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain covered. In this study, we revealed increased SNHG3 expression in AML samples and cells and its high potential as a prognostic biomarker for AML patients. Likewise, serglycin (SRGN), which plays an important role in granule-mediated apoptosis, was previously verified to be upregulated in AML and confirmed again by the present study, and its upregulation predicted poor outcomes in AML. Furthermore, knockdown of SNHG3 or SRGN inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Besides, silencing SNHG3 noticeably decreased the expression of SRGN in AML cells. Moreover, we uncovered that SNHG3 modulated SRGN expression by competitively binding with miR-758-3p. Importantly, both miR-758-3p suppression and SRGN overexpression could mitigate the inhibitory effects of SNHG3 depletion on AML cell growth. Intriguingly, the higher SRGN expression in AML samples with a higher SNHG3 level exhibited an enhanced Ki67 level but a reduced caspase 3 level. To sum up, SNHG3 elicits a growth-promoting function in AML via sponging miR-758-3p to regulate SRGN expression, providing a new therapeutic road for AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqiang Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Baoji People's Hospital Shaanxi Province, Baoji, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanzhi Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Lanling County People's Hospital, Lanling, Shandong, China
| | - Hongli Xin
- Department of Pediatrics, Lanling County People's Hospital, Lanling, Shandong, China
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Bai Y, Zhang G, Cheng R, Yang R, Chu H. CASC15 contributes to proliferation and invasion through regulating miR-766-5p/ KLK12 axis in lung cancer. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:2323-2331. [PMID: 31378128 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1646562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key mediators of cancer. The dysregulation of a lncRNA, CASC15, has been linked to several cancers, except lung cancer. Here, the aim of the study was to explore the role and mechanism of CASC15 in lung cancer regulation, with the focus on its interaction with a potential target, microRNA-766-5p (miR-766-5p) and an oncogene, kallikrein-related peptidase 12 (KLK12). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to assess levels of CASC15, miR-766-5p and KLK12 in lung cancer tissues or cells. Western blot analysis was used to detect KLK12 protein expression. Ectopic expression of CASC15 was induced by a lentiviral system. CCK-8 and transwell assays were used to evaluate lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. The interaction among CASC15, miR-766-5p and KLK12 was investigated by bioinformatical analysis and luciferase assay. In lung cancer tissue and cells, CASC15 was upregulated, while miR-766-5p was downregulated. Overexpression of CASC15 promoted lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion. A negative correlation was found between CASC15 and miR-766-5p levels. Overexpression of miR-766-6p reversed the cancer-promoting role of CASC15 in lung cancer cells, which was mediated by KLK12. The tumor-promoting role of CASC15 and tumor-suppressing role of miR-766-5p were also validated in vivo in tumor bearing mice, and KLK12 was also shown as an important mediator. CASC15 promotes lung cancer through the miR-766-5p/KLK12 axis, indicating that CASC15 is a potential therapeutic in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Bai
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Ruirui Cheng
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P. R. China
| | - Heying Chu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , P. R. China
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74
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Li Q, Liu W, Li S, Zhang S. Long non-coding RNA CASC15 favors tumorigenesis and development of ovarian cancer via sponging miR-542-3p. Panminerva Med 2019; 63:245-246. [PMID: 31355601 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.19.03692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, China -
| | - Su Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, China
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75
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Ng M, Heckl D, Klusmann JH. The Regulatory Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:570. [PMID: 31338324 PMCID: PMC6629768 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this post-genomic era, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are rapidly gaining recognition for their crucial roles across diverse biological processes and contexts. The human blood system is no exception, where dozens of lncRNAs have been established as regulators of normal and/or malignant hematopoiesis, and where ongoing works continue to uncover novel lncRNA functions. Our review focuses on lncRNAs that are involved in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the mechanisms through which they control gene expression in this disease context. We also comment on genome-wide sequencing or profiling studies that have implicated large sets of lncRNAs in AML pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ng
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dirk Heckl
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Jan-Henning Klusmann
- Department of Pediatrics I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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76
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Chen C, Wang P, Mo W, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Deng T, Zhou M, Chen X, Wang S, Wang C. lncRNA-CCDC26, as a novel biomarker, predicts prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2203-2211. [PMID: 31452721 PMCID: PMC6676650 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the expression and clinical significance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-CCDC26 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and to investigate the potential functions of CCDC26. The Gene Expression Omnibus database and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis were used to detect the expression levels of CCDC26 in patients with AML and healthy volunteers. Clinical data for 93 patients with AML were collected to analyze the clinical significance of CCDC26. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to examine the functions of CCDC26. The expression levels of CCDC26 in the initially diagnosed and relapsed patients with AML were significantly upregulated compared with the control group. The upregulated expression level of CCDC26 in patients with AML was significantly associated with age, anemia, risk stratification and remission. Furthermore, patients with a high CCDC26 expression level had a poorer overall survival (P=0.0105). In addition, the area under the curve (AUC)1year and AUC2year of CCDC26 for overall survival were 0.722 and 0.686, respectively. WGCNA, PPI network and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that CCDC26 was involved in the regulation of a number of biological processes. lncRNA-CCDC26 may serve as a novel biomarker for monitoring the progression and predicting the clinical outcome of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunte Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Wenjian Mo
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Yuping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Tingfen Deng
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Shunqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
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77
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SOX4: Epigenetic regulation and role in tumorigenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 67:91-104. [PMID: 31271889 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sex-determining region Y-related (SRY) high-mobility group box 4 (SOX4) is a member of the group C subfamily of SOX transcription factors and promotes tumorigenesis by endowing cancer cells with survival, migratory, and invasive capacities. Emerging evidence has highlighted an unequivocal role for this transcription factor in mediating various signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tumor progression. During the last decade, numerous studies have highlighted the epigenetic interplay between SOX4-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and SOX4 and the subsequent modulation of tumorigenesis, invasion and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the role of SOX4 in cancer development and progression, the epigenetic regulation of SOX4, and the potential utilization of SOX4 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and its depletion as a therapeutic target.
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78
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Wang X, Guo S, Zhao R, Liu Y, Yang G. STAT3-Activated Long Non-Coding RNA Lung Cancer Associated Transcript 1 Drives Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Hepatoblastoma Through Regulation of the miR-301b/STAT3 Axis. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 30:702-713. [PMID: 30479162 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2018.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) usually occurs in infants and toddlers. Although long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in various human cancers have been widely studied, the role of lncRNAs in HB remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the biological role of the lncRNA lung cancer associated transcript 1 (LUCAT1) in HB. Analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas indicated that upregulation of lncRNA LUCAT1 was closely associated with poor overall survival of HB patients. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that LUCAT1 was highly expressed in both HB tissues and cell lines. Loss-of function assays to identify the biological function of LUCAT1 in HB showed that LUCAT1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion but reversed epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Luciferase assays indicated that STAT3 was a transcription activator of LUCAT1 and that LUCAT1 could increase STAT3 expression by competitively binding to miR-301b. In conclusion, it was found that LUCAT1 was activated by STAT3 and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in HB through modulation of the miR-301b/STAT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Wang
- 1 Department of Pediatric Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Sen Guo
- 2 Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- 2 Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- 2 Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Guangyun Yang
- 3 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
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79
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Liu Y, Cheng Z, Pang Y, Cui L, Qian T, Quan L, Zhao H, Shi J, Ke X, Fu L. Role of microRNAs, circRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:51. [PMID: 31126316 PMCID: PMC6534901 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant tumor of the immature myeloid hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow (BM). It is a highly heterogeneous disease, with rising morbidity and mortality in older patients. Although researches over the past decades have improved our understanding of AML, its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are three noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that regulate DNA transcription and translation. With the development of RNA-Seq technology, more and more ncRNAs that are closely related to AML leukemogenesis have been discovered. Numerous studies have found that these ncRNAs play an important role in leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Some may potentially be used as prognostic biomarkers. In this systematic review, we briefly described the characteristics and molecular functions of three groups of ncRNAs, including lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs, and discussed their relationships with AML in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Zhiheng Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Yifan Pang
- Department of Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Longzhen Cui
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Tingting Qian
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Liang Quan
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hongyou Zhao
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. .,Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China. .,Department of Hematology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
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80
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Pyfrom SC, Luo H, Payton JE. PLAIDOH: a novel method for functional prediction of long non-coding RNAs identifies cancer-specific LncRNA activities. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:137. [PMID: 30767760 PMCID: PMC6377765 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exhibit remarkable cell-type specificity and disease association. LncRNA's functional versatility includes epigenetic modification, nuclear domain organization, transcriptional control, regulation of RNA splicing and translation, and modulation of protein activity. However, most lncRNAs remain uncharacterized due to a shortage of predictive tools available to guide functional experiments. RESULTS To address this gap for lymphoma-associated lncRNAs identified in our studies, we developed a new computational method, Predicting LncRNA Activity through Integrative Data-driven 'Omics and Heuristics (PLAIDOH), which has several unique features not found in other methods. PLAIDOH integrates transcriptome, subcellular localization, enhancer landscape, genome architecture, chromatin interaction, and RNA-binding (eCLIP) data and generates statistically defined output scores. PLAIDOH's approach identifies and ranks functional connections between individual lncRNA, coding gene, and protein pairs using enhancer, transcript cis-regulatory, and RNA-binding protein interactome scores that predict the relative likelihood of these different lncRNA functions. When applied to 'omics datasets that we collected from lymphoma patients, or to publicly available cancer (TCGA) or ENCODE datasets, PLAIDOH identified and prioritized well-known lncRNA-target gene regulatory pairs (e.g., HOTAIR and HOX genes, PVT1 and MYC), validated hits in multiple lncRNA-targeted CRISPR screens, and lncRNA-protein binding partners (e.g., NEAT1 and NONO). Importantly, PLAIDOH also identified novel putative functional interactions, including one lymphoma-associated lncRNA based on analysis of data from our human lymphoma study. We validated PLAIDOH's predictions for this lncRNA using knock-down and knock-out experiments in lymphoma cell models. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that we have developed a new method for the prediction and ranking of functional connections between individual lncRNA, coding gene, and protein pairs, which were validated by genetic experiments and comparison to published CRISPR screens. PLAIDOH expedites validation and follow-on mechanistic studies of lncRNAs in any biological system. It is available at https://github.com/sarahpyfrom/PLAIDOH .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Pyfrom
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Jacqueline E. Payton
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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81
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Long Non-Coding RNA and Acute Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030735. [PMID: 30744139 PMCID: PMC6387068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia (AL) is the main type of cancer in children worldwide. Mortality by this disease is high in developing countries and its etiology remains unanswered. Evidences showing the role of the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of hematological malignancies have increased drastically in the last decade. In addition to the contribution of these lncRNAs in leukemogenesis, recent studies have suggested that lncRNAs could be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response in leukemia patients. The focus of this review is to describe the functional classification, biogenesis, and the role of lncRNAs in leukemogenesis, to summarize the evidence about the lncRNAs which are playing a role in AL, and how these genes could be useful as potential therapeutic targets.
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82
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Zhang Z, Peng Z, Cao J, Wang J, Hao Y, Song K, Wang Y, Hu W, Zhang X. Long noncoding RNA PXN-AS1-L promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression via regulating PXN. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:20. [PMID: 30679933 PMCID: PMC6341638 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasingly evidences suggest that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in various cancers. LncRNA PXN-AS1-L is recently revealed to act as on oncogene in liver cancer. However, the expression, functions, and mechanisms of action of PXN-AS-L in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Methods The expression of PXN-AS1-L in primary NSCLC tissues, NSCLC bone metastasis tissues, and cell lines was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The correlations between PXN-AS1-L expression and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC patients were analyzed by Pearson Chi square test and log-rank test. The roles of PXN-AS1-L in cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of NSCLC cells, and in vivo NSCLC tumor growth were investigated by a series of gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays. The regulatory roles of PXN-AS1-L on PXN were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. Results PXN-AS1-L was up-regulated in NSCLC tissues compared with noncancerous lung tissues, and PXN-AS1-L was further up-regulated in NSCLC bone metastasis tissues. Increased expression of PXN-AS1-L was positively associated with advanced TNM stages and poor prognosis. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays showed that PXN-AS1-L increased cell viability, promoted cell proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis, and promoted cell migration of NSCLC cells. Xenograft assays showed that PXN-AS1-L also promoted NSCLC tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that PXN-AS1-L, as an antisense transcript of PXN, up-regulated the expression of PXN. PXN was also up-regulated in NSCLC tissues. The expression of PXN and PXN-AS1-L was positively correlated in NSCLC tissues. Furthermore, PXN knockdown attenuated the roles of PXN-AS1-L in increasing cell viability, promoting cell proliferation, inhibiting cell apoptosis, and promoting cell migration of NSCLC cells. Conclusions Our data revealed that PXN-AS1-L is up-regulated and acts as an oncogene in NSCLC via up-regulating PXN. Our data suggested that PXN-AS1-L might serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Zhang
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Zhaohui Peng
- Department of Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003 China.,3Department of Radiology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, 250031 Shandong China
| | - Junying Cao
- 4Department of Ultrasonography, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region, Shenyang, 110016 Liaoning China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001 Liaoning China
| | - Yongyu Hao
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Kai Song
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Yan Wang
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000 China
| | - Wei Hu
- 6Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433 China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000 China
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83
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Yu L, Xu Q, Yu W, Duan J, Dai G. LncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 15 accelerates the breast cancer cells progression via miR-153-3p/KLF5 positive feedback loop. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:819-825. [PMID: 30389133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Emerging literature have illustrated the vital regulatory roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) on the breast cancer tumorigenesis. Although series of researches have been proceeded on the pathogenesis, there are still much of unsolved mysteries worth investigating. This study uncovered that CASC15 expression level was aberrantly high-expressed in breast cancer tissue specimens and cells. Functionally, the loss-of-functional experiments showed that knockdown of CASC15 suppressed the malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells, such as proliferation, invasion and tumor growth in vitro and vivo. Mechanically, we confirmed that CASC15 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-153-3p, besides, miR-153-3p targeted the 3'-UTR of KLF5 mRNA utilizing the bioinformatics online tools, luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Interestingly, we confirmed that the transcription factor KLF5 binds with the promoter region of CASC15 and activates the transcription. In conclusion, we validated the positive feedback loop of KLF5/CASC15/miR-153-3p/KLF5 in the acceleration of breast cancer malignant behaviors and tumorigenesis, suggesting the important biologic roles of CASC15 on the breast cancer tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leinan Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213200, China.
| | - Qun Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213200, China
| | - Weixin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213200, China
| | - Jianchun Duan
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213200, China
| | - Guofang Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Changzhou Jintan District People's Hospital, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213200, China
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84
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Wong NK, Huang CL, Islam R, Yip SP. Long non-coding RNAs in hematological malignancies: translating basic techniques into diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:131. [PMID: 30466456 PMCID: PMC6251105 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0673-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that non-coding regions comprise the vast majority of the human genome and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a diverse class of non-coding RNAs that has been implicated in a variety of biological processes. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs has also been linked to different human diseases including cancers, yet the regulatory mechanisms and functional effects of lncRNAs are still ambiguous, and the molecular details also need to be confirmed. Unlike protein-coding gene, it is much more challenging to unravel the roles of lncRNAs owing to their unique and complex features such as functional diversity and low conservation among species, which greatly hamper their experimental characterization. In this review, we summarize and discuss both conventional and advanced approaches for the identification and functional characterization of lncRNAs related to hematological malignancies. In particular, the utility and advancement of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system as gene-editing tools are envisioned to facilitate the molecular dissection of lncRNAs via different knock-in/out strategies. Besides experimental considerations specific to lncRNAs, the roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of leukemia are also highlighted in the review. We expect that these insights may ultimately lead to clinical applications including development of biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches targeting lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonthaphat Kent Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Y9/F, Lee Shau Kee Building, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chien-Ling Huang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Y9/F, Lee Shau Kee Building, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Rashidul Islam
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Y9/F, Lee Shau Kee Building, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shea Ping Yip
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Y9/F, Lee Shau Kee Building, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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TCF7L2 activated HOXA-AS2 decreased the glucocorticoid sensitivity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia through regulating HOXA3/EGFR/Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1640-1649. [PMID: 30551418 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by abnormal lymphoblasts accumulation in the bone marrow and blood. Despite great efforts have been made in exploring novel therapeutic method, the prognosis of children with ALL is still unsatisfied. Glucocorticoid (GC) resistance is a great obstacle for the clinical treatment of ALL. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the GC resistance. According to previous reports, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in drug resistance of various human cancers. LncRNA HOXA cluster antisense RNA2 (HOXA-AS2) has been reported in several human malignancies due to its oncogenic property. However, the molecular mechanism of HOXA-AS2 involved in the GC resistance of ALL still needs to be further clarified. At first, we found that lncRNA HOXA-AS2 was highly expressed both in prednisone insensitive ALL cell lines and patient samples. Gain or loss-of-function assays revealed that HOXA-AS2 enhanced GC resistance via promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we validated that HOXA-AS2 upregulated HOXA3, thereby activating EGFR/Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Our findings showed that HOXA-AS2 may be a potential therapeutic target for ALL patients with poor GC resistance.
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86
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Ramnarine VR, Alshalalfa M, Mo F, Nabavi N, Erho N, Takhar M, Shukin R, Brahmbhatt S, Gawronski A, Kobelev M, Nouri M, Lin D, Tsai H, Lotan TL, Karnes RJ, Rubin MA, Zoubeidi A, Gleave ME, Sahinalp C, Wyatt AW, Volik SV, Beltran H, Davicioni E, Wang Y, Collins CC. The long noncoding RNA landscape of neuroendocrine prostate cancer and its clinical implications. Gigascience 2018; 7:4994835. [PMID: 29757368 PMCID: PMC6007253 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giy050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer (tNEPC) is an aggressive variant of late-stage metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer that commonly arises through neuroendocrine transdifferentiation (NEtD). Treatment options are limited, ineffective, and, for most patients, result in death in less than a year. We previously developed a first-in-field patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of NEtD. Longitudinal deep transcriptome profiling of this model enabled monitoring of dynamic transcriptional changes during NEtD and in the context of androgen deprivation. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are implicated in cancer where they can control gene regulation. Until now, the expression of lncRNAs during NEtD and their clinical associations were unexplored. Results We implemented a next-generation sequence analysis pipeline that can detect transcripts at low expression levels and built a genome-wide catalogue (n = 37,749) of lncRNAs. We applied this pipeline to 927 clinical samples and our high-fidelity NEtD model LTL331 and identified 821 lncRNAs in NEPC. Among these are 122 lncRNAs that robustly distinguish NEPC from prostate adenocarcinoma (AD) patient tumours. The highest expressed lncRNAs within this signature are H19, LINC00617, and SSTR5-AS1. Another 742 are associated with the NEtD process and fall into four distinct patterns of expression (NEtD lncRNA Class I, II, III, and IV) in our PDX model and clinical samples. Each class has significant (z-scores >2) and unique enrichment for transcription factor binding site (TFBS) motifs in their sequences. Enriched TFBS include (1) TP53 and BRN1 in Class I, (2) ELF5, SPIC, and HOXD1 in Class II, (3) SPDEF in Class III, (4) HSF1 and FOXA1 in Class IV, and (5) TWIST1 when merging Class III with IV. Common TFBS in all NEtD lncRNA were also identified and include E2F, REST, PAX5, PAX9, and STAF. Interrogation of the top deregulated candidates (n = 100) in radical prostatectomy adenocarcinoma samples with long-term follow-up (median 18 years) revealed significant clinicopathological associations. Specifically, we identified 25 that are associated with rapid metastasis following androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Two of these lncRNAs (SSTR5-AS1 and LINC00514) stratified patients undergoing ADT based on patient outcome. Discussion To date, a comprehensive characterization of the dynamic landscape of lncRNAs during the NEtD process has not been performed. A temporal analysis of the PDX-based NEtD model has for the first time provided this dynamic landscape. TFBS analysis identified NEPC-related TF motifs present within the NEtD lncRNA sequences, suggesting functional roles for these lncRNAs in NEPC pathogenesis. Furthermore, select NEtD lncRNAs appear to be associated with metastasis and patients receiving ADT. Treatment-related metastasis is a clinical consequence of NEPC tumours. Top candidate lncRNAs FENDRR, H19, LINC00514, LINC00617, and SSTR5-AS1 identified in this study are implicated in the development of NEPC. We present here for the first time a genome-wide catalogue of NEtD lncRNAs that characterize the transdifferentiation process and a robust NEPC lncRNA patient expression signature. To accomplish this, we carried out the largest integrative study that applied a PDX NEtD model to clinical samples. These NEtD and NEPC lncRNAs are strong candidates for clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varune Rohan Ramnarine
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Fan Mo
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Robert Shukin
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sonal Brahmbhatt
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Gawronski
- Department of Computer Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Maxim Kobelev
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mannan Nouri
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dong Lin
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Harrison Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tamara L Lotan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Jefferey Karnes
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amina Zoubeidi
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin E Gleave
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Cenk Sahinalp
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Computer Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Alexander W Wyatt
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stanislav V Volik
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Himisha Beltran
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Colin C Collins
- Vancouver Prostate Centre & Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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87
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Regulation of Neuroregeneration by Long Noncoding RNAs. Mol Cell 2018; 72:553-567.e5. [PMID: 30401432 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) have regenerative capacity following injury, but it is generally absent in the CNS. This difference is attributed, at least in part, to the intrinsic ability of PNS neurons to activate a unique regenerative transcriptional program following injury. Here, we profiled gene expression following sciatic nerve crush in mice and identified long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that act in the regenerating neurons and which are typically not expressed in other contexts. We show that two of these lncRNAs regulate the extent of neuronal outgrowth. We then focus on one of these, Silc1, and show that it regulates neuroregeneration in cultured cells and in vivo, through cis-acting activation of the transcription factor Sox11.
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88
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Sun X, Liu H, Li T, Qin L. MicroRNA‑339‑5p inhibits cell proliferation of acute myeloid leukaemia by directly targeting SOX4. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5261-5269. [PMID: 30320397 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered novel gene regulators. Dysregulated miRNAs serve crucial roles in the formation and progression of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Therefore, the roles of differentially expressed miRNAs in AML require extensive investigation to obtain insight into the treatment of patients with AML. The present study demonstrated significant miR‑339‑5p downregulation in AML samples and cell lines. miR‑339‑5p overexpression attenuated AML cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest and promoting cell apoptosis. Additionally, sex‑determining region Y‑related high‑mobility group box 4 (SOX4) was identified as a direct target gene of miR‑339‑5p in AML. Furthermore, SOX4 expression was significantly upregulated in AML samples; this upregulation was inversely correlated with the expression levels of miR‑339‑5p. Additionally, a series of rescue experiments demonstrated that SOX4 resumption reversed the effects of miR‑339‑5p overexpression on cell proliferation, cycle status and apoptosis of AML. In conclusion, miR‑339‑5p may serve its antiproliferative role in AML by directly targeting SOX4, which suggests that miR‑339‑5p may be considered an effective novel therapeutic target for treating patients with such an aggressive haematological malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueming Sun
- Department of Hematology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262550, P.R. China
| | - Huaqiang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262550, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Hematology, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 262550, P.R. China
| | - Laiying Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
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89
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Wang Z, Cunningham JM, Yang XH. CisPi: a transcriptomic score for disclosing cis-acting disease-associated lincRNAs. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:i664-i670. [PMID: 30423099 PMCID: PMC6129262 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) have risen to prominence in cancer biology as new biomarkers of disease. Those lincRNAs transcribed from active cis-regulatory elements (enhancers) have provided mechanistic insight into cis-acting regulation; however, in the absence of an enhancer hallmark, computational prediction of cis-acting transcription of lincRNAs remains challenging. Here, we introduce a novel transcriptomic method: a cis-regulatory lincRNA-gene associating metric, termed 'CisPi'. CisPi quantifies the mutual information between lincRNAs and local gene expression regarding their response to perturbation, such as disease risk-dependence. To predict risk-dependent lincRNAs in neuroblastoma, an aggressive pediatric cancer, we advance this scoring scheme to measure lincRNAs that represent the minority of reads in RNA-Seq libraries by a novel side-by-side analytical pipeline. Results Altered expression of lincRNAs that stratifies tumor risk is an informative readout of oncogenic enhancer activity. Our CisPi metric therefore provides a powerful computational model to identify enhancer-templated RNAs (eRNAs), eRNA-like lincRNAs, or active enhancers that regulate the expression of local genes. First, risk-dependent lincRNAs revealed active enhancers, over-represented neuroblastoma susceptibility loci, and uncovered novel clinical biomarkers. Second, the prioritized lincRNAs were significantly prognostic. Third, the predicted target genes further inherited the prognostic significance of these lincRNAs. In sum, RNA-Seq alone is sufficient to identify disease-associated lincRNAs using our methodologies, allowing broader applications to contexts in which enhancer hallmarks are not available or show limited sensitivity. Availability and implementation The source code is available on request. The prioritized lincRNAs and their target genes are in the Supplementary Material. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhezhen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Xinan H Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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90
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Yin X, Huang S, Zhu R, Fan F, Sun C, Hu Y. Identification of long non-coding RNA competing interactions and biological pathways associated with prognosis in pediatric and adolescent cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:122. [PMID: 30181715 PMCID: PMC6114287 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNAs can regulate miRNAs and mRNAs by sequestering and binding them. Indeed, many researchers have reported lncRNA mediated-competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) could regulate the progression of solid tumors. However, the roles of ceRNA in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially in pediatric and adolescent AML, were not completely expounded. Materials and methods 27 cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) patients under 18 years old with corresponding clinical data were selected from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), which was a large sample sequencing database of RNA sequencing. We constructed a survival specific ceRNA network, and investigated its associations with patients' clinical information by analyzing the data from TCGA. Results We identified survival specific lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs, and constructed a survival specific ceRNA network of CN-AML patients and a weighted correlation network. Furthermore, we identified 4 biological pathways associated with OS and selected the most enriched pathway 'Transcriptional misregulation in cancer' to verify that it could accurately predict younger CN-AML patients' prognosis to guide treatment. Conclusions We successfully constructed a survival specific ceRNA network which could provide a new approach to lncRNA research in younger CN-AML. Importantly, we constructed a weighted correlation network to overcome the difficulty in biological interpretation of individual genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Yin
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Sui Huang
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Ruiqi Zhu
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Fengjuan Fan
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China.,2Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yu Hu
- 1Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China.,2Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
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91
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Dahl M, Kristensen LS, Grønbæk K. Long Non-Coding RNAs Guide the Fine-Tuning of Gene Regulation in B-Cell Development and Malignancy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2475. [PMID: 30134619 PMCID: PMC6165225 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the introduction of next generation sequencing methods, such as RNA sequencing, it has become apparent that alterations in the non-coding regions of our genome are important in the development of cancer. Particularly interesting is the class of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including the recently described subclass of circular RNAs (circRNAs), which display tissue- and cell-type specific expression patterns and exert diverse regulatory functions in the cells. B-cells undergo complex and tightly regulated processes in order to develop from antigen naïve cells residing in the bone marrow to the highly diverse and competent effector cells circulating in peripheral blood. These processes include V(D)J recombination, rapid proliferation, somatic hypermutation and clonal selection, posing a risk of malignant transformation at each step. The aim of this review is to provide insight into how lncRNAs including circRNAs, participate in normal B-cell differentiation, and how deregulation of these molecules is involved in the development of B-cell malignancies. We describe the prognostic value and functional significance of specific deregulated lncRNAs in diseases such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma and multiple myeloma, and we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of circRNAs in these diseases.
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MESH Headings
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics
- Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology
- Burkitt Lymphoma/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics
- Lymphoma, Follicular/immunology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/genetics
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/immunology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Multiple Myeloma/genetics
- Multiple Myeloma/immunology
- Multiple Myeloma/pathology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/immunology
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- RNA/genetics
- RNA/immunology
- RNA, Circular
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/immunology
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Dahl
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, BRIC, Copenhagen University, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lasse Sommer Kristensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (MBG), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Kirsten Grønbæk
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, BRIC, Copenhagen University, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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92
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Zuo Z, Ma L, Gong Z, Xue L, Wang Q. Long non-coding RNA CASC15 promotes tongue squamous carcinoma progression through targeting miR-33a-5p. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:22205-22212. [PMID: 29804249 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gained a lot of attention because they participate in several human disorders, including tumors. This study determined the role of LncRNA CASC15 (cancer susceptibility candidate 15) in the development of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Here, we identified that CASC15 expression was upregulated in TSCC samples and cell lines. We showed that overexpression of CASC15 promoted cell proliferation, cycle, and migration in TSCC. In addition, we revealed that miR-33a-5p expression was downregulated in TSCC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, we showed that the expression of CASC15 was negatively related with miR-33a-5p expression in TSCC tissues. Ectopic expression of miR-33a-5p suppressed cell proliferation, cycle, and migration in TSCC. Elevated expression of CASC15 suppressed miR-33a-5p expression and promoted ZEB1 expression in SCC4 cell. Ectopic expression of CASC15 promoted TSCC cell proliferation, cycle, and migration through targeting miR-33a-5p. These results suggested that lncRNA CASC15 and miR-33a-5p might be exploited as new markers of TSCC and were potential treatment targets for TSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Zuo
- Department of Periodontology, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Long Ma
- Department of Periodontology, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zuode Gong
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lande Xue
- Department of Periodontology, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qibao Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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93
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Yin Y, Zhao B, Li D, Yin G. Long non-coding RNA CASC15 promotes melanoma progression by epigenetically regulating PDCD4. Cell Biosci 2018; 8:42. [PMID: 30013768 PMCID: PMC6044067 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-018-0240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been identified as critical regulators in a variety of cancer types. Cancer susceptibility candidate 15 (CASC15), a lncRNA located at chromosome 6p22.3, has been discovered to participate in melanoma progression and phenotype switching. Nevertheless, the roles and molecular mechanisms of CASC15 in melanoma are far from being understood. Results We found that CASC15 expression was up-regulated in melanoma tissues and associated with advanced pathological stages. Function experiments displayed that CASC15 knockdown hindered proliferation, facilitated apoptosis and suppressed invasion, while CASC15 overexpression facilitated proliferation and invasion in melanoma cells. Further mechanistic analysis showed that CASC15 epigenetically silenced the expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) by recruiting EZH2 and increasing H3K27me3 level at the promoter region of PDCD4. Additionally, PDCD4 overexpression inhibited proliferation, enhanced apoptosis and decreased invasion of melanoma cells. Moreover, CASC15-knockdown-induced anti-cancer effects were abated by PDCD4 down-regulation. Furthermore, depletion of CASC15 blocked tumor growth of melanoma by up-regulating PDCD4 in vivo. Conclusions CASC15 acts as an oncogene by negatively regulating PDCD4 expression via recruiting EZH2 and subsequently increasing H3K27me3 level. Together, our study indicates that CASC15/EZH2/PDCD4 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for melanoma intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Yin
- 1Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jian She East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Bin Zhao
- 2Department of Dermatology, The Third People's Hospital of Henan Province, No 198 Fu Niu Road, Zhengzhou, 450006 China
| | - Dongqin Li
- 1Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jian She East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
| | - Guangwen Yin
- 1Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jian She East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052 China
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94
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Yu X, Yuan Z, Yang Z, Chen D, Kim T, Cui Y, Luo Q, Liu Z, Yang Z, Fan X, Chen D, Wang L. The novel long noncoding RNA u50535 promotes colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by regulating CCL20. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:751. [PMID: 29970882 PMCID: PMC6030363 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0771-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been emerging as master regulators of tumor growth and metastasis, but the functions and underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) still need to be clarified. Here, we found a novel lncRNA u50535, which was greatly overexpressed in CRC tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in CRC patients. Function studies showed that u50535 was an oncogene in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. In mechanism, through RNA sequencing and rescue assay, we found that u50535 activates CCL20 signaling to promote cell proliferation and migration in CRC. Taken together, these findings suggest that u50535 can promote CRC growth and metastasis and may serve as a potential biomarker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihu Yu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixu Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuli Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daici Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taewan Kim
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yanmei Cui
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianxin Luo
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihang Liu
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihuan Yang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinjuan Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - DianKe Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Jing N, Huang T, Guo H, Yang J, Li M, Chen Z, Zhang Y. LncRNA CASC15 promotes colon cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating the miR‑4310/LGR5/Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:2269-2276. [PMID: 29956772 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that overexpression of long noncoding RNA cancer susceptibility 15 (CASC15) may promote tumor development and progression in gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the function of CASC15 in colon cancer remains unknown. In the present study, the expression of CASC15 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues and its expression was correlated with clinical Tumor‑Node‑Metastasis stage and tumor metastasis. In addition, knockdown of CASC15 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Following mechanistic experiments, CASC15 was observed to act as a sponge to suppress microRNA (miR)‑4310 that targeted LGR5. Through the inhibition of miR‑4310, CASC15 promoted leucine‑rich repeat‑containing G‑protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) expression and consequently activated the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. The results revealed that the inhibition of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway in CASC15‑overexpressing colon cancer cells suppressed cellular proliferation, migration and invasion. Collectively, these results demonstrated that CASC15 promoted colon cancer growth and metastasis through the activation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway in a miR‑4310/LGR5 dependent manner. Thus, the present study suggested that CASC15 may be a therapeutic target for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niancai Jing
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
| | - Huaiyu Guo
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jili Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Mingjing Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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96
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lncAKHE enhances cell growth and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma via activation of NOTCH2 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:487. [PMID: 29706630 PMCID: PMC5924759 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer and gives rise to numerous deaths around the world every year. However, the molecular mechanism that controls hepatocarcinogenesis remains largely unknown. Here we found out an uncharacterized long noncoding RNA named lncAKHE. We found that lncAKHE was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. lncAKHE depletion remarkably impaired the abilities of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma while promgoogoting cell apoptosis. Moreover, higher expression level of lncAKHE in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was associated with more clinical severity and lower survival rates. Mechanistically, lncAKHE cooperated with YEATS4 to enhance the activation of NOTCH2 signaling which is usually abnormally upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma. In conclusions, our study showed that lncAKHE may promote tumor progression in HCC and serve as a novel target for HCC treatment.
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97
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Ritenour LE, Randall MP, Bosse KR, Diskin SJ. Genetic susceptibility to neuroblastoma: current knowledge and future directions. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 372:287-307. [PMID: 29589100 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, a malignancy of the developing peripheral nervous system that affects infants and young children, is a complex genetic disease. Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made toward understanding the genetic determinants that predispose to this often lethal childhood cancer. Approximately 1-2% of neuroblastomas are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and a combination of co-morbidity and linkage studies has led to the identification of germline mutations in PHOX2B and ALK as the major genetic contributors to this familial neuroblastoma subset. The genetic basis of "sporadic" neuroblastoma is being studied through a large genome-wide association study (GWAS). These efforts have led to the discovery of many common susceptibility alleles, each with modest effect size, associated with the development and progression of sporadic neuroblastoma. More recently, next-generation sequencing efforts have expanded the list of potential neuroblastoma-predisposing mutations to include rare germline variants with a predicted larger effect size. The evolving characterization of neuroblastoma's genetic basis has led to a deeper understanding of the molecular events driving tumorigenesis, more precise risk stratification and prognostics and novel therapeutic strategies. This review details the contemporary understanding of neuroblastoma's genetic predisposition, including recent advances and discusses ongoing efforts to address gaps in our knowledge regarding this malignancy's complex genetic underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Ritenour
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P Randall
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kristopher R Bosse
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharon J Diskin
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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98
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Mondal T, Juvvuna PK, Kirkeby A, Mitra S, Kosalai ST, Traxler L, Hertwig F, Wernig-Zorc S, Miranda C, Deland L, Volland R, Bartenhagen C, Bartsch D, Bandaru S, Engesser A, Subhash S, Martinsson T, Carén H, Akyürek LM, Kurian L, Kanduri M, Huarte M, Kogner P, Fischer M, Kanduri C. Sense-Antisense lncRNA Pair Encoded by Locus 6p22.3 Determines Neuroblastoma Susceptibility via the USP36-CHD7-SOX9 Regulatory Axis. Cancer Cell 2018. [PMID: 29533783 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Trait-associated loci often map to genomic regions encoding long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), but the role of these lncRNAs in disease etiology is largely unexplored. We show that a pair of sense/antisense lncRNA (6p22lncRNAs) encoded by CASC15 and NBAT1 located at the neuroblastoma (NB) risk-associated 6p22.3 locus are tumor suppressors and show reduced expression in high-risk NBs. Loss of functional synergy between 6p22lncRNAs results in an undifferentiated state that is maintained by a gene-regulatory network, including SOX9 located on 17q, a region frequently gained in NB. 6p22lncRNAs regulate SOX9 expression by controlling CHD7 stability via modulating the cellular localization of USP36, encoded by another 17q gene. This regulatory nexus between 6p22.3 and 17q regions may lead to potential NB treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Mondal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Prasanna Kumar Juvvuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Agnete Kirkeby
- Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden; Danish Stem Cell Center (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanhita Mitra
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Subazini Thankaswamy Kosalai
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Larissa Traxler
- Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Lund University, 22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Falk Hertwig
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany; Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sara Wernig-Zorc
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Caroline Miranda
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lily Deland
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ruth Volland
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph Bartenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Deniz Bartsch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Neurophysiology, The Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sashidhar Bandaru
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anne Engesser
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Santhilal Subhash
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tommy Martinsson
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helena Carén
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Levent M Akyürek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pathology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leo Kurian
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Institute for Neurophysiology, The Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Meena Kanduri
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maite Huarte
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pio XII, 55, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Per Kogner
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Chandrasekhar Kanduri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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