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Zhang L, Wang X, Liu X, Lv M, Shen E, Zhu G, Sun Z. miR-28-5p targets MTSS1 to regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in esophageal cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:842-852. [PMID: 32645138 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common aggressive malignant diseases worldwide. miR-28-5p plays important regulatory roles in many cancers including human EC. However, the molecular mechanism and potential role of miR-28-5p in EC remain uncertain. In this study, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that miR-28-5p expression was up-regulated and metastasis suppressor-1 (MTSS1) was down-regulated in EC tissues relative to matched para-cancer tissues. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay demonstrated that miR-28-5p mimics increased cell viability, and miR-28-5p inhibitor decreased it. Flow cytometry (FCM) assay indicated that miR-28-5p mimics promoted cell cycle entry, while miR-28-5p inhibitor reduced it and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR-28-5p mimics up-regulated the expressions of cyclin A, cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), cyclin D1, and cyclin E but down-regulated the expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9, which was abolished by miR-28-5p inhibitor. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay verified that miR-28-5p directly targeted MTSS1 3'UTR and down-regulated its expression. MTSS1 overexpression in TE-1 cells inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis induced by miR-28-5p mimics, whereas silencing of MTSS1 reversed cell progression induced by miR-28-5p inhibitor. We also demonstrated that miR-28-5p could promote esophageal tumor formation in vivo. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL assays confirmed that miR-28-5p antagomir inhibited cell growth and accelerated apoptosis. Our results suggest that miR-28-5p may induce cell proliferation and suppress apoptosis to promote EC tumor formation via decreasing MTSS1 expression. Thus, miR-28-5p may be a potential target for human EC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Mingyue Lv
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Erdong Shen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Guolian Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shenyang Fifth People’s Hospital, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Competitive endogenous network of lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA in the chemoresistance of gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110570. [PMID: 32763816 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the main therapeutic strategies used for gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (GTAs), but resistance to anticancer drugs is a substantial obstacle in successful chemotherapy. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), can affect the drug resistance of tumor cells by forming a ceRNA regulatory network with mRNAs. The efficiency of the competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network can be affected by the number and integrality of miRNA recognition elements (MREs). Dynamic factors such as RNA editing, alternative splicing, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), RNA-binding proteins and RNA secondary structure can influence the MRE activity, which may in turn be involved in the regulation of chemoresistance-associated ceRNA network by prospective approaches. Besides activities in a single tumor cell, the components of the tumor micoenvironment (TME) also affect the ceRNA network by regulating the expression of non-coding RNA directly or indirectly. The alternation of the ceRNA network often has an impact on the malignant phenotype of tumor including chemoresistance. In this review, we focused on how MRE-associated dynamic factors and components of TME affected the ceRNA network and speculated the potential association of ceRNA network with chemoresistance. We also summarized the ceRNA network of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs which efficiently triggers chemoresistance in the specific types of GTAs and analyzed the role of each RNA as a "promoter" or "suppressor" of chemoresistance.
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Fu D, Shi Y, Liu JB, Wu TM, Jia CY, Yang HQ, Zhang DD, Yang XL, Wang HM, Ma YS. Targeting Long Non-coding RNA to Therapeutically Regulate Gene Expression in Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:712-724. [PMID: 32771923 PMCID: PMC7412722 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules with a length greater than 200 nt and no function of encoding proteins. lncRNAs play a precise regulatory function at different levels of transcription and post-transcription, and they interact with various regulatory factors to regulate gene expression, and then participate in cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and other life processes. In recent years, studies have shown that the abnormal expression of lncRNAs is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors, which is expected to become an effective biomarker in tumor diagnosis. The sequencing analysis of mutations in the whole tumor genome suggests that mutations in non-coding regions may play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Therefore, in-depth study of lncRNAs is helpful to clarify the molecular mechanism of tumor occurrence and development and to provide new targets for tumor diagnosis and treatment. This review introduces the molecular mechanism and clinical application prospect of lncRNAs affecting tumor development from the perspective of gene expression and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Fu
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China; Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226631, China; Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Yi Shi
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226631, China; Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ji-Bin Liu
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226631, China
| | - Ting-Miao Wu
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Cheng-You Jia
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui-Qiong Yang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xiao-Li Yang
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226631, China; Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yu-Shui Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230012, China; Cancer Institute, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226631, China; Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Ghafouri‐Fard S, Shoorei H, Dashti S, Branicki W, Taheri M. Expression profile of lncRNAs and miRNAs in esophageal cancer: Implications in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9269-9290. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri‐Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
| | - Sepideh Dashti
- Department of Medical Genetics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Wojciech Branicki
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Lv P, Ye T, Yang X, Liu H, Ye Z. High expression of long noncoding RNA LUCAT1 correlates with a poor clinical outcome in solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153047. [PMID: 32825932 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Extensive studies have been performed to analyze the expression of long non-coding RNA the lung cancer associated transcript 1 (lncRNA LUCAT1) in various cancer types, and the predictive value of high or low lncRNA LUCAT1 level in survival time. We prepared to assess the association between the lncRNA LUCAT1 expression and the prognosis as well as clinical parameters in human cancers. METHODS We retrieved completely in some main databases, such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), and Wanfang database. Then we counted the pooled hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) to investigate the clinical value of lncRNA LUCAT1. RESULTS We found that overexpression of lncRNA LUCAT1 was highly associated with shorter overall survival (HR = 1.91, 95 % CI: 1.59-2.31, P < 0.00001) through comprehensively analyzing eight of the total eleven eligible papers. Meanwhile, high lncRNA LUCAT1 expression was significantly related to deeper invasion depth (HR = 3.16, 95 % CI: 1.76-5.70, P = 0.0001), larger tumor size (HR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 1.54-2.86, P < 0.00001), advanced clinical stage (HR = 3.52, 95 % CI: 1.98-6.27, P < 0.0001), and more lymph node metastasis (HR = 2.99, 95 % CI: 1.36-6.57, P = 0.006), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our outcomes suggest that upregulation of lncRNA LUCAT1 in patients with different cancers can predict a shorter survival time and act as an unfavorable prognostic molecular indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lv
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China; Hubei Institute of Urology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Zhao K, Guo Y, Huo Z, Ma G, Zhang G, Xing Y, Xu Q. [Serum level of lncRNA TUSC7 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its role in promoting tumor cell migration and invasion]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:661-669. [PMID: 32897196 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.05.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate serum levels of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) TUSC7 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), its association with clinicopathological parameters and its role in promoting tumor metastasis and invasion. METHODS Serum samples were collected from 60 patients with ESCC admitted between January, 2017 and May, 2019, with 60 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects as the control group. Serum level of TUSC7 in ESCC patients and its expression in 4 ESCC cell lines was detected with RT-qPCR. The association of serum TUSC7 level with the clinicopathological features of the patients was analyzed. KYSE-30 cell models with TUSC7 overexpression or knockdown were established, and the proliferation of the cells was examined with MTT assay and their migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays. Western blotting was used to detect the cellular expressions of the proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). RESULTS The patients with ESCC had significantly lower serum TUSC7 level than the healthy control subjects (P < 0.05). The ESCC cell lines also expressed lower levels of TUSC7 than normal cells (P < 0.05). Serum TUSC7 level was negatively correlated with tumor staging, lymph node metastasis and infiltration (P < 0.05) but was not significantly correlated with other clinicopathological parameters in ESCC patients. In the invitro cell experiment, overexpression of TUSC7 in KYSE-30 cells significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion (P < 0.05), enhanced the expression of the EMT marker protein E-cadherin and lowered the expressions of N-cadherin, Vimentin and MMP9 (P < 0.05); knocking down TUSC7 in the cells produced the opposite effects. CONCLUSIONS The down-regulation of TUSC7 expression in the serum of ESCC patients and in ESCC cell lines is associated with the metastasis of ESCC and promotes tumor cell migration and invasion by promoting EMT, indicating the potential of serum TUSC7 level as a molecular marker for diagnosis, treatment and metastasis monitoring of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhao
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Yugang Guo
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Zheng Huo
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Guohui Ma
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Gui Zhang
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Yuxin Xing
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insect Bio-reactor, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
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Wang D, You D, Pan Y, Liu P. Downregulation of lncRNA-HEIH curbs esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by modulating miR-4458/PBX3. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:1963-1971. [PMID: 32449803 PMCID: PMC7327669 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play a specific part in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), except for lncRNA HEIH. Here, we aimed to discover the molecular mechanisms of HEIH in ESCC. Methods We detected the expression level of HEIH and miR‐4458 in ESCC tissues and cells using qRT‐PCR assay. A dual luciferase reporter assay was used to check the relationship between HEIH, miR‐4458 or PBX3. Counting Clock Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay and transwell assay were used to detect ESCC cell proliferation and invasion capability. Western blot analysis was used to measure the protein expression level of PBX3. Results HEIH was confirmed to be upregulated in both ESCC tissues and cell lines. Inversely, there was a downregulation of miR‐4458 in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, we noticed that depletion of HEIH restrained ESCC cell viability, and invasion capability. Moreover, PBX silencing was found to restrain ESCC cell progression, while miR‐4458 or HEIH vector both could alleviate its suppressive effect. Conclusions The present study clarified that HEIH regulated ESCC progression by suppressing miR‐4458 and upregulating PBX3. Our findings suggested that HEIH could be a possible therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Dong You
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yinghua Pan
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Peiji Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Dai Q, Zhang T, Li C. LncRNA MALAT1 Regulates the Cell Proliferation and Cisplatin Resistance in Gastric Cancer via PI3K/AKT Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1929-1939. [PMID: 32214850 PMCID: PMC7078812 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s243796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies showed that long non-coding RNA MALAT1 is served as an oncogene. However, the specific role of MALAT1 in gastric cancer is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to elucidate the regulatory effects of MALAT1 on tumor development and cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Methods TCGA database was applied to investigate the expression levels of MALAT1 in GC tissues and normal gastric tissues and its correlation with GC patients’ survival. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate whether MALAT1 expression is an independent risk for overall survival of gastric cancer patients. The expression of MALAT1 was detected by Quantitative real-time PCR. After knockdown or overexpression of MALAT1, the cellular functions of GC cells were detected by cell-proliferation, flow cytometry, transwell assay and colony formation assays, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein levels of Bcl-2 and key genes in the PI3K/AKT pathway in GC cells. Finally, CCK-8 assay was performed to explore the effect of MALAT1 on cisplatin resistance of GC cells. Results Higher expression of MALAT1 was detected in GC tissues than that of adjacent normal tissues, high MALAT1 expression is an independent risk for overall survival of gastric cancer patients. Knockdown of MALAT1 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells, while overexpression of MALAT1 Overexpression of MALAT1 yielded opposite results. Western blot results showed that protein expressions of p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-STAT3 were downregulated after MALAT1 knockdown in GC cells, while these proteins were upregulated after MALAT1 overexpression. Additionally, the IC50 in MGC803/CDDP cells transfected with si-MALAT1 was lower than in those transfected with si-NC. The apoptotic rate in MGC803 cells transfected with pcDNA-MALAT1 was remarkably lower than those transfected with NC. Conclusion We demonstrated that MALAT1 is highly expressed in GC, high MALAT1 expression is an independent risk factor for OS among GC patients. Moreover, MALAT1 promotes malignant progression of GC and contributes to cisplatin resistance of GC cells, indicating MALAT1 may serve as a biological hallmark for predicting the prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiang Dai
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Over the last two decades, a novel subgroup of serine proteases, the cell surface-anchored serine proteases, has emerged as an important component of the human degradome, and several members have garnered significant attention for their roles in cancer progression and metastasis. A large body of literature describes that cell surface-anchored serine proteases are deregulated in cancer and that they contribute to both tumor formation and metastasis through diverse molecular mechanisms. The loss of precise regulation of cell surface-anchored serine protease expression and/or catalytic activity may be contributing to the etiology of several cancer types. There is therefore a strong impetus to understand the events that lead to deregulation at the gene and protein levels, how these precipitate in various stages of tumorigenesis, and whether targeting of selected proteases can lead to novel cancer intervention strategies. This review summarizes current knowledge about cell surface-anchored serine proteases and their role in cancer based on biochemical characterization, cell culture-based studies, expression studies, and in vivo experiments. Efforts to develop inhibitors to target cell surface-anchored serine proteases in cancer therapy will also be summarized.
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Talebi A, Masoodi M, Mirzaei A, Mehrad-Majd H, Azizpour M, Akbari A. Biological and clinical relevance of metastasis-associated long noncoding RNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:848-868. [PMID: 31310341 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a foremost cancer-related death worldwide owing to rapid metastasis and poor prognosis. Metastasis, as the most important reason for death, is biologically a multifaceted process involving a range of cell signaling pathways. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), as transcriptional regulators, can regulate numerous genomic processes and cellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. LncRNAs have also been shown to involve in/regulate the cancer metastasis-related signaling pathways. Hence, they have increasingly been brought to international attention in molecular oncology research. A number of researchers have attempted to reveal the biological and clinical relevance of lncRNAs in ESCC tumourigenesis and metastasis. The aberrant expression of these molecules in ESCC has regularly been reported to involve in various cellular processes and clinical features, including diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic responses. Here, we especially consider the pathways in which lncRNAs act as metastasis-mediated effectors, mainly by interacting with epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated factors. We review the biological roles of lncRNAs through involving in ESCC metastasis as well as the clinical significance of the metastasis-related lncRNAs in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Talebi
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Masoodi
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mirzaei
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Mehrad-Majd
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mazaher Azizpour
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Qiu BQ, Lin XH, Ye XD, Huang W, Pei X, Xiong D, Long X, Zhu SQ, Lu F, Lin K, Zhang XQ, Xu JJ, Sheng LL, Zhang XM, Zhang PF, Wu YB. Long non-coding RNA PSMA3-AS1 promotes malignant phenotypes of esophageal cancer by modulating the miR-101/EZH2 axis as a ceRNA. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:1843-1856. [PMID: 32005028 PMCID: PMC7053621 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Backgrounds: Emerging evidences has demonstrated that dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is critically involved in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression. However, the function of lncRNA PSMA3-AS1 in ESCC is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the functions and potential mechanisms of PSMA3-AS1 in ESCC cells progression. Results: Here, we found that PSMA3-AS1 expression was significantly up-regulated in ESCC tissues. Forced PSMA3-AS1 expression was correlated with tumor size, distant metastasis, and poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Functionally, PSMA3-AS1-overexpression promoted ESCC cells proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro. Mechanistically, PSMA3-AS1 up-regulated EZH2 expression by competitively binding to miR-101. Conclusion: PSMA3-AS1 is significantly up-regulated in ESCC tissues, and the PSMA3-AS1/miR-101/EZH2 axis plays a critical role in ESCC progression. Taken together, our results may provide promising targets for ESCC therapy. Methods: PSMA3-AS1 and miR-101 expression were explored using qRT-PCR in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Immunohistochemistry assays were carried out to analyze EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog) protein expression. RIP, dual-luciferase reporter, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and biotin pull-down assays were used to detect the interactions of PSMA3-AS1, miR-101 and EZH2. The biological functions of PSMA3-AS1 in PSMA3-AS1-altered cells were explored using CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Quan Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xia-Hui Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Dong Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Pei
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dian Xiong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiang Long
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shu-Qiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian-Jun Xu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu-Lu Sheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Mei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Bing Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Emerging Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010258. [PMID: 31905958 PMCID: PMC6982002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly prevalent tumor and is associated with ethnicity, genetics, and dietary intake. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), specifically microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported as functional regulatory molecules involved in the development of many human cancers, including ESCC. Recently, several ncRNAs have been detected as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in ESCC progression. These ncRNAs influence the expression of specific genes or their associated signaling pathways. Moreover, interactions of ncRNAs are evident in ESCC, as miRNAs regulate the expression of lncRNAs, and further, lncRNAs and circRNAs function as miRNA sponges to compete with the endogenous RNAs. Here, we discuss and summarize the findings of recent investigations into the role of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) in the development and progression of ESCC and how their interactions regulate ESCC development.
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Luo L, Wang M, Li X, Tian J, Zhang K, Tan S, Luo C. Long non-coding RNA LOC285194 in cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 502:1-8. [PMID: 31837299 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein-encoding RNAs that are usually over 200 nucleotides-long. The development of whole-genome sequencing has enabled the identification of several lncRNAs, and the determination of their critical roles in the human tumor process. LOC285194, also known as LSAMP antisense RNA 3 and tumor suppressor candidate 7 (TUSC7), is a >2-kb-long lncRNA comprised of four exons (gene ID: 285194), and located in chr3q13.31. LOC285194 expression is reported to be consistently low in tumor cells and often associated with poor clinical outcomes. Functionally, LOC285194 overexpression has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and in vivo. Further, LOC285194 mainly suppressed or promoted the expression of related genes through direct or indirect pathways, suggesting that LOC285194 might be a feasible biomarker or therapeutic target in human cancers. Here, we reviewed and summarized existing literature on the functions and mechanisms of LOC285194 in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Xianping Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Kan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Shan Tan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Can Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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Xia Q, Zhang L, Yan H, Yu L, Shan W, Jiang H. LUCAT1 contributes to MYRF-dependent smooth muscle cell apoptosis and may facilitate aneurysm formation via the sequestration of miR-199a-5p. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:755-763. [PMID: 31769911 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The overwhelming number of interrogations reveals the implication of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in diverse malignancies, little is unveiled about lncRNAs participation in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The study aimed to monitor the role and responsible mechanism of LUCAT1 in AAA. The cellular function of LUCAT1 on smooth muscle cells (SMCs) proliferation and apoptosis were examined through the conduction of CCK-8, EdU, TUNEL, and caspase-3 activity assays. LUCAT1 depletion was observed to boost SMCs proliferation or suppress SMCs apoptosis. The opposite results on SMCs proliferation and apoptosis were achieved in response to LUCAT1 promotion. The abundance of LUCAT1 in the cytoplasm was ascertained by subcellular fractionation and FISH analyses on the basis of LncLocator prediction. The binding of LUCAT1 to miR-199a-5p predicted by DIANA and starbase was certified by luciferase reporter assay and RIP analysis. Besides, multiple prediction tools unveiled the interaction between miR-199a-5p and myelin regulatory factor (MYRF). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction uncovered the suppressive effect of miR-199a-5p and the positive regulation of LUCAT1 on MYRF expression. Rescue experiments revealed that LUCAT1 depletion pose suppression on SMCs apoptosis and MYRF elevation abrogated this suppression induced by LUCAT1 inhibition. These findings unmasked that the pro-apoptosis impact of LUCAT1 in SMCs via directly targeting miR-199a-5p to elevate MYRF expression, which may provide valuable information on AAA prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xia
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Cultural Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Cultural Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Cultural Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Long Yu
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Cultural Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Shan
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Cultural Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Interventional Vascular Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 83 Cultural Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
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Huang N, Guo W, Ren K, Li W, Jiang Y, Sun J, Dai W, Zhao W. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 Supresses miR-139-5p and Promotes Cell Proliferation and Chemotherapy Resistance of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Competitively Upregulating RRM2. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1103. [PMID: 31696057 PMCID: PMC6817562 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This study aims to understand the underlying mechanism of lncRNA, actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1(AFAP1-AS1) in mediating chemotherapeutic resistance in NSCLC. The levels of AFAP1-AS1 in NSCLC tissues and cells were determined using RT-PCR. The protein levels of RRM2, EGFR, and p-AKT were analyzed using Western blotting. Binding between AFAP1-AS1 and miR-139-5p was confirmed using dual luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, and binding between miR-139-5p and RRM2 was confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. NSCLC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and colony formation were examined using MTT, flow cytometry, and colony formation assays, respectively. It was found that AFAP1-AS1 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. In addition, AFAP1-AS1 bound to and downregulated the expression of miR-139-5p, which was reduced in NSCLC tissues. Knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 and overexpression of miR-139-5p inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation, colony formation and chemotherapy resistance and increased cell apoptosis. Additionally, AFAP1-AS1 upregulates RRM2 expression via sponging miR-139-5p. Furthermore, AFAP1-AS1 enhanced NSCLC cell proliferation and chemotherapy resistance through upregulation of RRM2 by inhibiting miR-139-5p expression. Moreover, RRM2 promoted cellular chemotherapy resistance by activating EGFR/AKT. Finally, knockdown of AFAP1-AS1 significantly suppressed tumor growth and chemoresistance in nude mice. In conclusion, AFAP1-AS1 promoted chemotherapy resistance by supressing miR-139-5p expression and promoting RRM2/EGFR/AKT signaling pathway in NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Laboratory Medicine/Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Ren
- School of Laboratory Medicine/Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wancheng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Dai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine/Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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Zhang Y, Zheng A, Xu R, Zhou F, Hao A, Yang H, Yang P. NR2F1-induced NR2F1-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via activating Hedgehog signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:497-504. [PMID: 31530388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has uncovered the extremely important roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the progression of malignant tumors which includes numerous processes of gene regulation. LncRNA NR2F1-AS1 has been confirmed to have close correlation with the tumorigenesis of diverse cancers. However, the underlying regulatory function of it on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression is poorly known and thus needs more elucidations. In this study, a markedly elevated expression of NR2F1-AS1 was discovered in ESCC cells. Functional assays demonstrated that NR2F1-AS1 deficiency repressed ESCC progression. Molecular mechanism tests verified that knockdown of NR2F1-AS1 could lower the expression of GLI2 (a key protein molecule of Hedgehog signaling pathway) in ESCC. Additionally, NR2F1-AS1 was confirmed to facilitate ESCC progression via activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway. NR2F1-AS1 activated Hedgehog signaling pathway by regulating GLI2 to upregulate NR2F1 expression in ESCC. Besides, NR2F1 was testified to activate NR2F1-AS1 transcription in ESCC. Final rescue assays further demonstrated that NR2F1 upregulation could reverse the NR2F1-AS1 knockdown-mediated function on ESCC progression. Briefly, NR2F1-induced NR2F1-AS1 promotes ESCC progression through activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Zhang
- The First Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Huanbin Road, Anyang, 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Anping Zheng
- The First Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Huanbin Road, Anyang, 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Ruiping Xu
- The First Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Huanbin Road, Anyang, 455000, Henan Province, China.
| | - Fuyou Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Huanbin Road, Anyang, 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Anlin Hao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Huanbin Road, Anyang, 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Huanbin Road, Anyang, 455000, Henan Province, China
| | - Pengyu Yang
- The First Department of Radiation Oncology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, No.1, Huanbin Road, Anyang, 455000, Henan Province, China
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Yue L, Guo J. LncRNA TUSC7 suppresses pancreatic carcinoma progression by modulating miR-371a-5p expression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15911-15921. [PMID: 30714151 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most common and lethal human malignancies worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a well-known type of nonprotein-coding transcripts implicated in cancer development and progression. Increasing evidence has indicated that lncRNA tumor suppressor candidate 7 (TUSC7) is a novel cancer suppressor gene in various cancers. Nevertheless, the function of TUSC7 in pancreatic carcinoma is urgent to be clarified. We found that TUSC7 was notably decreased in tissues and cell lines of pancreatic carcinoma. Moreover, the low expression of TUSC7 was correlated with advanced clinical grades and poorer overall survival. Our findings revealed that TUSC7 repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and stemness whereas facilitated cell apoptosis of pancreatic carcinoma cells. Further investigations demonstrated that miR-371a-5p directly bound with TUSC7 and negatively regulated by TUSC7. MiR-371a-5p rescued the inhibitory effects of TUSC7 on the development of pancreatic carcinoma. We conclude that lncRNA TUSC7 suppresses pancreatic carcinoma progression by modulating miR-371a-5p expression, indicating an innovative therapeutic strategy for pancreatic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yue
- Department of Emergency, The Central Hospital of Luoyang, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Laboratory, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Liu Y, Ye F. Construction and integrated analysis of crosstalking ceRNAs networks in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7380. [PMID: 31367490 PMCID: PMC6657684 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours of the head and neck. Recent evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs play important roles in tumour progression and could be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets. The "competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" hypothesis states that lncRNAs competitively bind to miRNAs through their intramolecular miRNA reaction elements (MREs) to construct a wide range of ceRNA regulatory networks. This study aims to predict the role of ceRNA network in LSCC, for advancing the understanding of underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Material and Methods In this study, the functions of lncRNAs as ceRNAs in LSCC and their prognostic significance were investigated via comprehensive integrated expression profiles data of lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Protein-protein interaction, gene ontology, pathway, and Kaplan-Meier curves analysis were used to profile the expression and function of altered RNAs in LSCC. Results As a result, 889 lncRNAs, 55 miRNAs and 1946 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in LSCC. These altered mRNAs were mainly involved in extracellular matrix organization, calcium signaling, and metabolic pathways. To study the regulatory function of lncRNAs, an lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network was constructed. This ceRNA network included 61 lncRNAs, seven miRNAs and seven target mRNAs. Of these RNAs, lncRNAs (TSPEAR-AS, CASK-AS1, MIR137HG, PART1, LSAMP-AS1), miRNA (has-mir-210) and mRNAs (HOXC13, STC2, DIO1, FOXD4L1) had a significant effect on the prognosis of LSCC. Conclusion The results of this study broaden the understanding of the mechanisms by which lncRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, five lncRNAs (TSPEAR-AS, CASK-AS1, MIR137HG, PART1, LSAMP-AS1) were identified as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LSCC. These results provide a basis for further experimental and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Zhao WS, Yan WP, Chen DB, Dai L, Yang YB, Kang XZ, Fu H, Chen P, Deng KJ, Wang XY, Xie XW, Chen HS, Chen KN. Genome-scale CRISPR activation screening identifies a role of ELAVL2-CDKN1A axis in paclitaxel resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1183-1200. [PMID: 31285951 PMCID: PMC6610048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) may provide survival benefits for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, tumor cells can display primary or secondary resistance to paclitaxel (PTX), a primary component of induction chemotherapy regimen. To identify genes capable of conveying PTX resistance, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR transcriptional activation library in human KYSE-180 cells. High throughput next generation sequencing was further applied to establish the phenotype-to-genotype relationship. Our highest-ranking hits are CDKN1A, TSPAN4, ELAVL2, JUNB and PAAF1. We generated evidence that esophageal tumors with high CDKN1A, ELAVL2 and TSPAN4 levels, quantified using qRT-PCR and Western blot assays, showed poorer chemotherapy response. Higher expression levels of TSPAN4 and ELAVL2 protein are independent risk factors for poor chemotherapy response in ESCC patients. We then found that overexpression of CDKN1A, ELAVL2 or TSPAN4 in ESCC cell lines significantly promoted the resistance to PTX by inhibiting cell apoptosis. Interestingly, ESCC cells overexpressed CDKN1A, ELAVL2 or TSPAN4 also acquired resistance to cisplatin (DDP). This phenomenon may be explained by cross-resistance of chemotherapy. We additionally found an association between ELAVL2 and CDKN1A, which may be regarded as the upstream and downstream factors that synergistically involved in the regulation of chemo-resistance in ESCC. Therefore, our study demonstrated that the genome-wide CRISPR activation library is a powerful strategy for the discovery of chemo-resistant genes critical for ESCC and we reported the first evidence that the ELAVL2-CDKN1A axis may be an important mechanism involved in chemo-resistance in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Si Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142, China
| | - Wan-Pu Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142, China
| | - Dong-Bo Chen
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver DiseaseBeijing 100044, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142, China
| | - Yong-Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142, China
| | - Xiao-Zheng Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver DiseaseBeijing 100044, China
| | - Kang-Jian Deng
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver DiseaseBeijing 100044, China
| | - Xue-Yan Wang
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver DiseaseBeijing 100044, China
| | - Xing-Wang Xie
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver DiseaseBeijing 100044, China
| | - Hong-Song Chen
- Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver DiseaseBeijing 100044, China
| | - Ke-Neng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, Peking University Cancer Hospital and InstituteBeijing 100142, China
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Long noncoding RNA Mirt2 upregulates USP10 expression to suppress hepatic steatosis by sponging miR-34a-5p. Gene 2019; 700:139-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Mehrad-Majd H, Ravanshad S, Moradi A, Khansalar N, Sheikhi M, Akhtari J. Decreased expression of lncRNA loc285194 as an independent prognostic marker in cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152426. [PMID: 31054796 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have indicated that lncRNA loc285194 is aberrantly expressed in many types of cancer. This meta-analysis was performed to elucidate the potential role of lncRNA loc285194 as a prognostic marker in malignant tumors. METHODS An electronic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Web of Science was performed to identify all eligible papers related to the prognostic impact of lncRNA loc285194 expression in cancer. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were extracted from the included studies to explore the association between lncRNA loc285194 expression and patient overall and disease-free survival (OS & DFS). The odds ratios (ORs) were also calculated to assess the association between lncRNA loc285194 expression and clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS A total of 14 eligible articles with 1215 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Meta-results revealed that low expression of lncRNA loc285194 was significantly correlated with poorer overall survival (OS; HR = 2.34; 95% CI, 1.78-3.06; P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS; HR = 2.66; 95% CI, 1.95-3.64; P = 0.001) rates in cancer patients. Low lncRNA loc285194 expression was also found to be significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM; OR = 2.17; 95% CI, 1.23-3.83; P = 0.007), and distant metastasis (DM; OR = 2.49; 95% CI, 1.26-4.91; P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that decreased level of lncRNA loc285194 was associated with poor clinical outcomes for patients with different types of cancer, supporting a promising potential biomarker for prognosis and metastasis in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mehrad-Majd
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Clinical Research Unit, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Sahar Ravanshad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nahid Khansalar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Sheikhi
- Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Akhtari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Liu D, Gao M, Wu K, Zhu D, Yang Y, Zhao S. LINC00152 facilitates tumorigenesis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via miR-153-3p/FYN axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108654. [PMID: 30784933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been found to be associated with the biological behaviors of human cancers. LINC00152 is reported as an oncogene in many kinds of malignancies. However, the functions and mechanisms of LINC00152 involved in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain elusive. Our results revealed that LINC00152 expression was up-regulated in ESCC, and correlated with advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis of ESCC patients. Functionally, LINC00152 knockdown suppressed proliferation, decreased colony forming ability, and induced apoptosis in ESCC cells. Mechanically, LINC00152 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-153-3p, thereby facilitating its downstream target FYN. Moreover, miR-153-3p-mediated tumor-suppressive effects were partly reversed following LINC00152 overexpression. Also, FYN knockdown displayed a similar anti-cancerous role in ESCC cells. Taken together, LINC00152 contributed to ESCC progression by down-regulating miR-153-3p and promoting FYN expression, uncovering a novel LINC00152/miR-153-3p/FYN regulatory pathway in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Min Gao
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dengyan Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Xie M, Ma L, Xu T, Pan Y, Wang Q, Wei Y, Shu Y. Potential Regulatory Roles of MicroRNAs and Long Noncoding RNAs in Anticancer Therapies. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:233-243. [PMID: 30317163 PMCID: PMC6190501 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs and long noncoding RNAs have long been investigated due to their roles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of cancers and regulators of tumorigenesis, and the potential regulatory roles of these molecules in anticancer therapies are attracting increasing interest as more in-depth studies are performed. The major clinical therapies for cancer include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted molecular therapy. MicroRNAs and long noncoding RNAs function through various mechanisms in these approaches, and the mechanisms involve direct targeting of immune checkpoints, cooperation with exosomes in the tumor microenvironment, and alteration of drug resistance through regulation of different signaling pathways. Herein we review the regulatory functions and significance of microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in three anticancer therapies, especially in targeted molecular therapy, and their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyan Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yutian Pan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yutian Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Fanelli GN, Gasparini P, Coati I, Cui R, Pakula H, Chowdhury B, Valeri N, Loupakis F, Kupcinskas J, Cappellesso R, Fassan M. LONG-NONCODING RNAs in gastroesophageal cancers. Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:195-212. [PMID: 30533569 PMCID: PMC6257886 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite continuing improvements in multimodal therapies, gastro-esophageal malignances remain widely prevalent in the population and is characterized by poor overall and disease-free survival rates. Due to the lack of understanding about the pathogenesis and absence of reliable markers, gastro-esophageal cancers are associated with delayed diagnosis. The increasing understanding about cancer's molecular landscape in the recent years, offers the possibility of identifying 'targetable' molecular events and in particular facilitates novel treatment strategies and development of biomarkers for early stage diagnosis. At least 98% of our genome is actively transcribed into non-coding RNAs encompassing long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) constituted of transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides with no protein-coding capacity. Many studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are functional genomic elements playing pivotal roles in main oncogenic processes. LncRNA can act at multiple levels developing a complex molecular network that can modulate directly or indirectly the expression of genes involved in tumorigenesis. In this review, we focus on lncRNAs as emerging players in gastro-esophageal carcinogenesis and critically assess their potential as reliable noninvasive biomarkers and in next generation targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nicolò Fanelli
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pierluigi Gasparini
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Irene Coati
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Ri Cui
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hubert Pakula
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Basudev Chowdhury
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Fotios Loupakis
- Oncology Unit, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IOV-IRCCS, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology and Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rocco Cappellesso
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, PD, Italy
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75
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Chen YT, Xie JY, Sun Q, Mo WJ. Novel drug candidates for treating esophageal carcinoma: A study on differentially expressed genes, using connectivity mapping and molecular docking. Int J Oncol 2018; 54:152-166. [PMID: 30387840 PMCID: PMC6254996 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) have a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Although standard therapies have had effect, there is an urgent requirement to develop novel options, as increasing drug tolerance has been identified in clinical practice. In the present study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of ESCA were identified in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases. Functional and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses were performed. The Connectivity Map (CMAP) was selected to predict drugs for the treatment of ESCA, and their target genes were acquired from the Search Tool for Interactions of Chemicals (STITCH) by uploading the Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System structure. Additionally, significant target genes and ESCA-associated hub genes were extracted using another PPI analysis, and the corresponding drugs were added to construct a network. Furthermore, the binding affinity between predicted drug candidates and ESCA-associated hub genes was calculated using molecular docking. Finally, 827 DEGs (|log2 fold-change|≥2; q-value <0.05), which are principally involved in protein digestion and absorption (P<0.005), the plasminogen-activating cascade (P<0.01), as well as the ‘biological regulation’ of the Biological Process, ‘membrane’ of the Cellular Component and ‘protein binding’ of the Molecular Function categories, were obtained. Additionally, 11 hub genes were obtained from the PPI network (all degrees ≥30). Furthermore, the 15 first screen drugs were extracted from CMAP (score <−0.85) and the 9 second screen drugs with 70 target genes were extracted from STITCH. Furthermore, another PPI analysis extracted 51 genes, and apigenin, baclofen, Prestwick-685, menadione, butyl hydroxybenzoate, gliclazide and valproate were selected as drug candidates for ESCA. Those molecular docking results with a docking score of >5.52 indicated the significance of apigenin, Prestwick-685 and menadione. The results of the present study may lead to novel drug candidates for ESCA, among which Prestwick-685 and menadione were identified to be significant new drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Yi Xie
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jia Mo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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76
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Su M, Xiao Y, Ma J, Cao D, Zhou Y, Wang H, Liao Q, Wang W. Long non-coding RNAs in esophageal cancer: molecular mechanisms, functions, and potential applications. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:118. [PMID: 30223861 PMCID: PMC6142629 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The lack of early diagnostic biomarkers and effective prognostic indicators for metastasis and recurrence has resulted in the poor prognosis of EC. In addition, the underlying molecular mechanisms of EC development have yet to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs play a vital role in the pathological progression of EC. LncRNAs may regulate gene expression through the recruitment of histone-modifying complexes to the chromatin and through interactions with RNAs or proteins. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the dysregulation of lncRNAs plays important roles in the proliferation, metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis, chemoradiotherapy resistance, and stemness of EC, which suggests potential clinical implications. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles and regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in the context of EC and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,Department of the Central Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuhang Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junliang Ma
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Deliang Cao
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Key laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of the Central Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Department of the 2nd Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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