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A Predictor of Early Disease Recurrence in Patients With Breast Cancer Using a Cell-free RNA and Protein Liquid Biopsy. Clin Breast Cancer 2019; 20:108-116. [PMID: 31607655 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating biomarkers have been increasingly used in the clinical management of breast cancer. The present study evaluated whether RNAs and a protein present in the plasma of patients with breast cancer might have utility as prognostic biomarkers complementary to existing clinical tests. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed microarray profiling of small noncoding RNAs in plasma samples from 30 patients with breast cancer and 10 control individuals. Two small noncoding RNAs, including microRNA (miR)-923, were selected and quantified in plasma samples from an evaluation cohort of 253 patients with breast cancer, using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. We also measured cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 protein levels in these samples. Cox regression survival analysis was used to determine which markers were associated with patient prognosis. RESULTS As independent markers of prognosis, the plasma levels of miR-923 and CA 15-3 at the time of surgery for breast cancer were significantly associated with prognosis, irrespective of treatment (Cox proportional hazards, P = 3.9 × 10-3 and 1.9 × 10-9, respectively). After building a multivariable model with standard clinical and pathological features, the addition of miR-923 and CA 15-3 information into the model resulted in a significantly better predictor of disease recurrence in patients, irrespective of treatment, compared with the use of clinicopathological data alone (area under the curve at 3 years, 0.858 vs. 0.770 with clinicopathological markers only; P = .017). CONCLUSION We propose that the plasma levels of miR-923 and CA 15-3, combined with standard clinicopathological predictors, could be used as a preoperative, noninvasive estimate of patient prognosis to identify which women might need more aggressive treatment or closer surveillance after surgery for breast cancer.
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Thyagarajan A, Tsai KY, Sahu RP. MicroRNA heterogeneity in melanoma progression. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:208-220. [PMID: 31163254 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The altered expression of miRNAs has been linked with neocarcinogenesis or the development of human malignancies including melanoma. Of significance, multiple clinical studies have documented that distinct sets of microRNAs (miRNAs) could be utilized as prognostic biomarkers for cancer development or predict the outcomes of treatment responses. To that end, an in-depth validation of such differentially expressed miRNAs is necessary in diverse settings of cancer patients in order to devise novel approaches to control tumor growth and/or enhance the efficacy of clinically-relevant therapeutic options. Moreover, considering the heterogeneity and sophisticated regulation of miRNAs, the precise delineation of their cellular targets could also be explored to design personalized medicine. Given the significance of miRNAs in regulating several key cellular processes of tumor cells including cell cycle progression and apoptosis, we review the findings of such miRNAs implicated in melanoma tumorigenesis. Understanding the novel mechanistic insights of such miRNAs will be useful for developing diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers or devising future therapeutic intervention for malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Thyagarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth Y Tsai
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology & Tumor Biology at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ravi P Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
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Yu Y, Yin W, Yu ZH, Zhou YJ, Chi JR, Ge J, Cao XC. miR-190 enhances endocrine therapy sensitivity by regulating SOX9 expression in breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:22. [PMID: 30658681 PMCID: PMC6339391 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and approximately 70% of breast cancers are hormone receptor-positive and express estrogen receptor-α (ERα) or/and progesterone receptor. Therapies targeting ERα have been successfully used in patients with ERα+ breast cancer. However, intrinsic or acquired resistance to anti-estrogen therapy presents a major challenge. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway regulates various processes that are important for cancer progression, and emerging evidences have shown a close interaction between Wnt/β-catenin and ERα signaling. miR-190 is also involved in ER signaling and our previous study indicated that miR-190 suppresses breast cancer metastasis. Methods The effect of miR-190 on breast cancer anti-estrogen sensitivity was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The protein expression levels and localization were analyzed by western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to validate the regulation of the zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 1/ ERα-miR-190-SRY-related high mobility group box 9 (ZEB1/ERα-miR-190-SOX9) axis. Results miR-190 increased the anti-estrogen sensitivity of breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. miR-190 inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling by targeting SOX9, and its expression inversely correlated with that of SOX9 in breast cancer samples. Furthermore, ERα and ZEB1 competitively regulated miR-190 expression. Conclusions Our data uncover the ZEB1/ERα-miR-190-SOX9 axis and suggest a mechanism by which the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in breast cancer anti-estrogen therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1039-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Wen Yin
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Yu
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhou
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiang-Rui Chi
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jie Ge
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xu-Chen Cao
- The First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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