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Troussier I, Klausner G, Blais E, Giraud P, Lahmi L, Pflumio C, Faivre JC, Geoffrois L, Babin E, Morinière S, Maingon P, Thariat J. [Advances in the management of cervical lymphadenopathies of unknown primary with intensity modulated radiotherapy: Doses and target volumes]. Cancer Radiother 2018; 22:438-446. [PMID: 29731331 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The definition of nodal and/or mucosal target volumes for radiation therapy for lymphadenopathies of unknown primary is controversial. Target volumes may include all nodal areas bilaterraly and be pan-mucosal or unilateral, selective, including the sole oropharyngeal mucosa. This review presents current recommendations in light of changes in the TNM classification, Human papillomavirus status and therapeutic advances. We conducted a systematic review of the literature with the following keywords: lymphadenopathy; head and neck; unknown primary and radiation therapy. There are no direct comparative studies between unilateral or bilateral nodal irradiation or pan-mucosal and selective mucosal irradiation. Contralateral lymph node failure rates range from 0 to 6% after unilateral nodal irradiation and 0 and 31% after bilateral irradiation. Occurrence of a mucosal primary varies between 0 and 19.2%. Initial clinical presentation and Human papillomavirus status are critical to define mucosal target volumes. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy is recommended (rather than three-dimensional irradiation) to avoid toxicities. Systemic treatments have similar indications as for identified primary head and neck cancers. Failures do not appear superior in case of unilateral nodal irradiation but comparative studies are warranted due to major biases hampering direct comparisons. Human papillomavirus status should be incorporated into the therapeutic strategy and practice-changing TNM staging changes will need to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Troussier
- Radio-oncologie, hôpitaux universitaires de Genève, Avenue de la Roseraie 53 CH-1205 Genève
| | - G Klausner
- Radiothérapie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - E Blais
- Radiothérapie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - P Giraud
- Radiothérapie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - L Lahmi
- Radiothérapie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - C Pflumio
- Oncologie médicale, centre Alexis-Vautrin, 6, avenue de Bourgogne, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - J-C Faivre
- Radiothérapie, centre Alexis-Vautrin, 6, avenue de Bourgogne, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - L Geoffrois
- Oncologie médicale, centre Alexis-Vautrin, 6, avenue de Bourgogne, 54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
| | - E Babin
- Carcinologie cervicofaciale, CHRU de Caen, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France
| | - S Morinière
- Carcinologie cervicofaciale, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - P Maingon
- Radiothérapie, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - J Thariat
- Département de radiothérapie/Archade, centre François-Baclesse, 3, avenue General-Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Université Unicaen, 14000 Caen, France.
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Qi J, Liu G, Wang F. High levels of centrosomal protein 55 expression is associated with poor clinical prognosis in patients with cervical cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9347-9352. [PMID: 29805659 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomal protein 55 (CEP55) has been proposed to have a role in tumor development. However, the expression pattern and clinical relevance of CEP55 has, to the best of our knowledge, not yet been investigated in cervical cancer. The mRNA levels of CEP55 in cervical cancer tissues and paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The present study assessed the association between immunohistochemical staining of CEP55 and clinicopathological characteristics and survival rates of patients. Compared with the adjacent non-cancerous tissues, CEP55 expression was significantly increased in cervical tumor tissues, as demonstrated by the results of RT-qPCR. High expression of CEP55 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.008) and advanced tumor stage (P=0.010). Furthermore, CEP55 overexpression in cervical cancer specimens was significantly associated with poor 5-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates (P=0.021 and P=0.010, respectively). The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that CEP55 expression was a significant, independent predictor for the survival of patients with cervical cancer (hazard ratio=3.057; P=0.035). These data indicated that high CEP55 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and was an independent predictive factor for an unfavorable prognosis in patients with cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Qi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Gelin Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471000, P.R. China
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Tiong A, Rischin D, Young RJ, Herschtal A, Solomon B, D'Costa I, Fua T, Liu C, Coleman A, Kleid S, Dixon BJ, Corry J. Unilateral radiotherapy treatment for p16/human papillomavirus-positive squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary in the head and neck. Laryngoscope 2018; 128:2076-2083. [PMID: 29481710 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The outcomes of unilateral radiotherapy treatment for patients with p16/HPV-positive squamous cell carcinomas of unknown primary (SCCUP) affecting cervical lymph nodes are under-reported. Compared to radiating large volumes of the pharyngeal axis (the more common approach), this is potentially a much less toxic treatment for a good prognosis group. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS We identified patients with SCCUP who were treated radically at our center and did not have parotid or isolated level IV or V nodal involvement. Failure-free and overall survivals were calculated using Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS From 2004 to 2012, there were 49 radically treated patients with SCCUP. Fourteen patients had bilateral neck treatment (they had bilateral nodal disease or suspected lesions in the base of tongue, though not proven with biopsy), two had surgery alone, whereas 33 had unilateral radiotherapy (after neck dissection, excisional biopsy, or definitively with concurrent chemotherapy). Of the 33 patients, 21 tested positive to p16/HPV and had median follow-up of 57 months. In this group, no isolated contralateral neck failures or putative primaries emerged. There was 1/21 (4.3%) ipsilateral neck failure, 1/21 (4.3%) concurrent contralateral neck and distant failure, and 1/21 (4.3%) patient with distant failure. The 5-year freedom from failure was 78% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 56%-100%) and overall survival was 90% (95% CI: 79%-100%). CONCLUSIONS With no emergence of putative primaries and no isolated contralateral neck failures, this single-institution experience in p16/HPV-positive SCCUP patients suggests that unilateral radiotherapy may be an underutilized management strategy. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 128:2076-2083, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Tiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danny Rischin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Young
- Molecular Therapeutics and Biomarkers Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alan Herschtal
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben Solomon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ieta D'Costa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tsien Fua
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Coleman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Kleid
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Dixon
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - June Corry
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,GenesisCare Radiation Oncology Centre, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Yi Y, Li H, Lv Q, Wu K, Zhang W, Zhang J, Zhu D, Liu Q, Zhang W. miR-202 inhibits the progression of human cervical cancer through inhibition of cyclin D1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:72067-72075. [PMID: 27732565 PMCID: PMC5342145 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The human cervical cancer (CC) acts as the most common one of women tumors. However, the pathological changes and molecular alterations of CC are not clear. It has been reported that miR-202 takes part in the development and progression of different tumors. The present study aims to detect the expression of miR-202 in 100 cases of CC tissues and cells, and then we continued to investigate the potential mechanisms of miR-202 in CC cells. In this work, we found that the expression of miR-202 is obviously decreased in both CC cell lines and tissues, and negatively related with the expression of cyclin D1 in SiHa, HeLa and Caski cells. In-vitro assay revealed that the ectopic expression of miR-202 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of SiHa and HeLa cells. Additionally, the over-expression of miR-202 extremely affected the expression of cyclin D1 protein. Notably, the over-expression of cyclin D1 in SiHa and HeLa cells with miR-202 mimics attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-202 on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In conclusion, our study identified that miR-202 plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation, migration and invasion of CC by directly targeting cyclin D1, thus miR-202 may represent a potential therapeutic target for patients with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiong Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Huirong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shandong Jiaohong Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Qiongying Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Kejia Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The 5th Hospital of Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- The First Department of Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Dingjun Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Shiyan Materal and Children Health Hospital, Shiyan 44200, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Gynecology, The 5th Hospital of Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
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Filauro M, Paderno A, Perotti P, Marchi F, Garofolo S, Peretti G, Piazza C. Role of narrow-band imaging in detection of head and neck unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2018; 128:2060-2066. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.27098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Filauro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Alberto Paderno
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Brescia; Brescia Italy
| | - Pietro Perotti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Brescia; Brescia Italy
| | - Filippo Marchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Sabrina Garofolo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Giorgio Peretti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Cesare Piazza
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Italian Research Hospital Foundation, National Cancer Institute of Milan; University of Milan; Milan Italy
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Troussier I, Klausner G, Morinière S, Blais E, Jean-Christophe Faivre, Champion A, Geoffrois L, Pflumio C, Babin E, Maingon P, Thariat J. [Advances in the management of cervical lymphadenopathies of unknown primary: advances in diagnostic imaging and surgical modalities and new international staging system]. Bull Cancer 2017; 105:181-192. [PMID: 29275831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical lymphadenopathies of unknown primary represent 3 % of head and neck cancers. Their diagnostic work up has largely changed in recent years. This review provides an update on diagnostic developments and their potential therapeutic impact. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a systematic review of the literature. RESULTS In recent years, changes in epidemiology-based prognostic factors such as human papilloma virus (HPV) cancers, advances in imaging and minimally invasive surgery have been integrated in the management of cervical lymphadenopathies of unknown primary. In particular, systematic use of PET scanner and increasing practice of robotic or laser surgery have contributed to increasing detection rate of primary cancers. These allow more adapted and personalized treatments. The impact of changes in the eighth TNM staging system is discussed. CONCLUSION The management of cervical lymphadenopathies of unknown primary cancer has changed significantly in the last 10 years. On the other hand, practice changes will have to be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idriss Troussier
- CHRU Pitié-Salpêtrière, radiothérapie, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Klausner
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, radiothérapie, 114, rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvain Morinière
- CHRU de Tours, carcinologie cervicofaciale, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Eivind Blais
- Centre Bergonié, radiothérapie, 229, cours de l'Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Faivre
- Institut de cancérologie de Lorraine, oncologie médicale, 6, avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ambroise Champion
- Hôpitaux universitaires Genève, radiothérapie, rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 4, 1205 Genève, Suisse
| | - Lionnel Geoffrois
- CHRU de Tours, carcinologie cervicofaciale, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Carole Pflumio
- CHRU de Tours, carcinologie cervicofaciale, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Emmanuel Babin
- CHRU de Caen, carcinologie cervicofaciale, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France
| | - Philippe Maingon
- CHRU Pitié-Salpêtrière, radiothérapie, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Juliette Thariat
- ARCHADE centre François-Baclesse, radiothérapie, 3, avenue du Général-Harris, 14000 Caen, France.
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Winter SC, Ofo E, Meikle D, Silva P, Fraser L, O'Hara J, Kim D, Robinson M, Paleri V. Trans-oral robotic assisted tongue base mucosectomy for investigation of cancer of unknown primary in the head and neck region. The UK experience. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 42:1247-1251. [PMID: 28258624 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The diagnosis of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) in head and neck occurs when the treating clinicians have utilised all available diagnostic tests and failed to identify the origin of the disease. There is no agreed consensus on which diagnostic investigations to use, or the order in which to use them in, although broad recommendations exist. Small tumours arising in the tongue base can be below the limits of resolution of conventional diagnostic techniques. Given the difficulty in targeting the tongue base, current practice involves blind random biopsies, which leads to a variable detection rate. Robotically assisted surgical removal of the tongue base, tongue base mucosectomy (TBM) has been shown to improve diagnostic yield. This study reports the diagnostic hit rate for tongue base primaries using this technique. DESIGN Retrospective case review. SETTING UK Head and Neck Centres. PARTICIPANTS Patients presenting as an unknown primary, investigated with clinical examination, PET-CT and palatine tonsillectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The detection of a primary site of head and neck cancer in the otherwise unknown primary tumour. RESULTS The primary tumour site was identified in the tongue base in 53% (n=17) of patients. In 15 patients the tumour was in the ipsliateral tongue base (88%) while in two cases (12%) the tumour was located in contra lateral tongue base. CONCLUSIONS Trans-oral robotic assisted TBM raises the possibility of identifying over 50% of tumours that would otherwise be classified as CUP. Identifying these in the contralateral tongue base has implications for treatment planning and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Winter
- Oxford University NHS Trusts, Oxford, UK
| | - E Ofo
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - D Meikle
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - P Silva
- Oxford University NHS Trusts, Oxford, UK
| | - L Fraser
- Oxford University NHS Trusts, Oxford, UK
| | - J O'Hara
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Kim
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M Robinson
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - V Paleri
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Abstract
In cancer of unknown primary (CUP), metastases are clinically and histologically confirmed, but the primary tumor site remains elusive after extensive work-up. CUPs make up for 2-3% of all epithelial malignancies. The two prevailing histologies are adenocarcinomas and undifferentiated carcinomas, whereas squamous cell carcinomas, neuroendocrine carcinomas and rare histologies account for the remaining 10%. The diagnostic work-up in CUP relies strongly on a detailed immunohistological (IHC) analysis in order to characterize the tumor type, nowadays aided by molecular techniques. Diagnostics also include a thorough clinical examination, a basic lab draw with the most relevant tumor markers, and cross sectional imaging. Additional PET-CT is recommended in cervical lymph nodes suggestive of head and neck cancer and in limited metastases potentially treatable in curative intent. As for treatment, it is paramount to identify patients who fall into one of the six well defined "favorable" subset categories, namely extragonadal germ cell tumors, adenocarcinoma with isolated unilateral axillary lymph nodes in female patients, squamous cell carcinoma with neck lymph nodes, squamous cell carcinoma with inguinal lymph nodes, serous papillary peritoneal carcinomatosis in females and blastic bone metastasis in males with elevated PSA. These subsets are distinct both regarding the required treatment and the comparably favorable prognosis. Within the remaining "unfavorable" group, patients of colon and renal cancer type should be identified based on IHC and clinical picture, since the prognosis of these patients seems to improve with the use of therapy tailored to the presumed primary as well. For the few patients with limited metastases it should be assessed whether they are candidates for surgery, radiotherapy or surgery followed by irradiation in curative intent. The remaining majority of patients are treated with empiric palliative chemotherapy, typically a platinum - paclitaxel combination, though the level of evidence for this therapy recommendation is low. Gemcitabine alone or in combination can be used as an alternative. Decoding of the molecular profiles in CUP offers the prospect of targeted therapy with novel agents. However, there appears to be no uniform molecular pattern for CUP, and the observed molecular diversity thus poses a challenge to respective clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilmann Bochtler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology / Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology / Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harald Löffler
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology / Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine III, Oncology / Hematology / Palliative Care, Marienhospital Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alwin Krämer
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Molecular Hematology / Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine V, Hematology / Oncology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Nami Saber C, Grønhøj C, Jensen DH, Nørregaard C, Carlander A, Garnæs E, Kiss K, Specht L, von Buchwald C. Synchronous, bilateral tonsillar carcinomas: Patient characteristics and human papillomavirus genotypes. Oral Oncol 2017; 74:105-110. [PMID: 29103737 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing, but data on the incidence of synchronous, bilateral tonsillar squamous cell carcinomas (BiTSCCs) is sparse. In this study, we report the incidence and tumour characteristics of BiTSCCs in a population-based, consecutive cohort of OPSCCs. METHODS We identified all patients diagnosed with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) in eastern Denmark during a 15-year period to detect the incidence of synchronous BiTSCCs. The tumours were assessed for p16Ink4a expression, the presence of HPV DNA and HPV genotypes. Furthermore, we systematically reviewed the literature examining BiTSCCs. RESULTS Of the total of 1119 TSCCs diagnosed in eastern Denmark from 2000 to 2014, we identified 12 BiTSCCs, nine of which initially presented as a cancer of unknown primary (CUP) in the neck. Nine cases were bilaterally HPV16 positive (HPV16+), while two cases were HPV16+ in one tonsil and respectively, HPV33 and HPV35 positive in the contralateral tonsil. One case was bilaterally HPV-negative. We also identified an increase in the incidence of BiTSCCs after 2012 when histological examination of the entire tonsil tissue became routine, suggesting that BiTSCCs might be underdiagnosed. In the literature, we identified 15 studies from six countries, encompassing 25 cases in total. CONCLUSIONS BiTSCCs were primarily HPV16+ and were most often diagnosed as part of the diagnostic work-up for CUP. We found an incidence of 9% BiTSCCs in patients with TSCC after 2012 and we therefore recommend focusing on putative BiTSCC with total embedding and histological examination of tonsils harvested by bilateral tonsillectomies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Nami Saber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Grønhøj
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Hebbelstrup Jensen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Nørregaard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amanda Carlander
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emilie Garnæs
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katalin Kiss
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lena Specht
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Strassen U, Geisweid C, Hofauer B, Knopf A. Sonographic differentiation between lymphatic and metastatic diseases in cervical lymphadenopathy. Laryngoscope 2017; 128:859-863. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.26837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Strassen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Christina Geisweid
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Benedikt Hofauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
| | - Andreas Knopf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery; Technical University of Munich; Munich Germany
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Pang H, Yue X. MiR-205 serves as a prognostic factor and suppresses proliferation and invasion by targeting insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 in human cervical cancer. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28651495 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317701308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a kind of small and non-coding RNAs, which have been demonstrated to play an important role in the progression of human cervical cancer. Here, we found that the expression of miR-205 was low in cervical cancer cell lines and tissues, compared with matched non-tumor tissues and human endocervical epithelial cells. Also, miR-205 was inversely correlated with histological differentiation, metastasis, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, and the expression of insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 messenger RNA and protein. Besides, miR-205 or insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 expression is an independent prognostic factor. Mechanically, ectopic expression of miR-205 decreased proliferation, colony formation, and some proliferation/apoptosis-related proteins in cervical cancer cells. Ectopic expression of miR-205 caused G1 arrest. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that binding of miR-205 to the 3' untranslated region of insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 may potentially decrease the expression of insulin-like growth factor receptor 1. Notably, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 overexpression attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR-205 on cell proliferation and invasion, while small interfering RNA-insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 enhanced the inhibitory effects of miR-205 on cell proliferation and invasion. In conclusion, our findings suggested that miR-205 serves as a prognostic factor and suppresses proliferation and invasion by targeting insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 in human cervical cancer. Thus, miR-205/insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 pathway may be of great benefit to cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pang
- Department of Gynecology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuying Yue
- Department of Gynecology, Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Rueda A, Giralt J, Mañós M, Lozano A, Sistiaga A, García-Miragall E, Cacicedo J, Esteban F, Scola B, Contreras J, Ruiz A, Carral A, Sanchez-Aniceto G, Pastor M, Herranz J, Bernal M, Mesía R. Multidisciplinary management of head and neck cancer: First expert consensus using Delphi methodology from the Spanish Society for Head and Neck Cancer (part 2). Oral Oncol 2017; 70:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Cheol Park G, Roh JL, Cho KJ, Seung Kim J, Hyeon Jin M, Choi SH, Yuhl Nam S, Yoon Kim S. 18 F-FDG PET/CT vs. human papillomavirus, p16 and Epstein-Barr virus detection in cervical metastatic lymph nodes for identifying primary tumors. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1405-1412. [PMID: 27943271 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary of the head and neck (SCCUP) is a heterogeneous disease entity that requires careful examination to locate the occult primary. We examined the diagnostic value of expression of biomarkers, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), p16 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in metastatic lymph nodes vs. 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). We prospectively enrolled 54 consecutive SCCUP patients who received HPV, p16 and EBV analyses of lymph node fine-needle aspirates and 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans and subsequently underwent examinations and biopsies under general anesthesia to detect primary tumors. The diagnostic performance of the biomarkers and 18 F-FDG PET/CT were compared by using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses with histopathological results for identification of primary tumors. Primary tumors were identified in 28 (51.9%) of 54 patients: the palatine tonsil in 24, base of the tongue in 1, nasopharynx in 2, and hypopharynx in 1. The sensitivity of p16 (85.7%) and accuracy of HPV (85.2%) were higher than those (42.9% and 68.5%) of 18 F-FDG PET/CT (p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve of HPV was higher than that of 18 F-FDG PET/CT (0.857 vs. 0.666, p = 0.007). The disease-free survival rates were higher in the patients with primary tumor detection or p16 nodal immunopositivity than in the other patients (p < 0.05). The results showed that HPV and p16 detection in metastatic lymph nodes can help locate hidden primary tumors, guide definitive treatment and predict patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Cheol Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Lyel Roh
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ja Cho
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hyeon Jin
- Department of Biostatistics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Choi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Yuhl Nam
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Müller von der Grün J, Tahtali A, Ghanaati S, Rödel C, Balermpas P. Diagnostic and treatment modalities for patients with cervical lymph node metastases of unknown primary site - current status and challenges. Radiat Oncol 2017; 12:82. [PMID: 28486947 PMCID: PMC5424363 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-017-0817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature and elucidate open questions for future clinical trials concerning diagnostics and treatment modalities for cervical cancer of unknown primary (CUP). Methods A literature search for head and neck CUP was performed with focus on diagnostics and therapies as well as molecular markers. Results High level evidence on CUP is limited. However, it seems that a consensus exists regarding the optimal diagnostic procedures. The correct implementation of biomarkers for patient stratification and treatment remains unclear. An even greater dispute dominates about the ideal treatment with publications ranging from sole surgery to surgery with postoperative bilateral radiotherapy with inclusion of the mucosa and concomitant chemotherapy. Conclusions Cervical CUP represents a very heterogeneous malignant disease. On this account many aspects concerning treatment optimization remain unclear, despite a considerable number of publications in the past. Future research in form of prospective randomized trials is needed in order to better define patient stratification criteria and enable tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Müller von der Grün
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Aykut Tahtali
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claus Rödel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Balermpas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany. .,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Frankfurt, Germany.
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66
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Martell K, Mackenzie J, Kerney W, Lau HY. Management delays in patients with squamous cell cancer of neck node(s) and unknown primary site: a retrospective cohort study. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 46:39. [PMID: 28482917 PMCID: PMC5422917 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-017-0217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aim to characterize the workup received by and identify any delays to diagnosis or treatment in patients referred to a tertiary cancer centre with the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma in neck node(s) and no identifiable primary (SCCNIP). METHODS Over 1 year, 68 patients were initially referred to the Head and Neck clinic with a label of "primary unknown". After extensive workup, 29 of the 68 patients were found to have pathologically confirmed SCCNIP. For these 29 patients, imaging tests, biopsies, examinations and times to treatment were reviewed and compared to 145 patients referred for known primaries. RESULTS In 21/29 (72%) patients, ultrasound was ordered prior to biopsy or referral. After referral, the first imaging test used was CT neck in 28 patients and PET/CT in 1 patient. Median time from referral to primary identification (n = 23) or workup completion (n = 6) were 16 (range: 0-48) and 36 (17-82) days respectively. Median time from referral to treatment was 55 (27-90; n = 26) days and was longer than those referred for known primaries (48 days; 20-162; p < 0.001). Across all patients, median time between first diagnostic imaging test and pathologic diagnosis were 20.5 and -8.0 days (p < 0.0001) in patients receiving ultrasound and CT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, delays to management were linked to community use of ultrasound and scheduling of both CT and PET/CT after thorough head and neck examination in patients with SCCNIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Martell
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, 1331 29 Street Northwest, Calgary, AB, T2N 4 N2, Canada.
| | - Joanna Mackenzie
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Warren Kerney
- Calgary Zone, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Harold Yeehau Lau
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, 1331 29 Street Northwest, Calgary, AB, T2N 4 N2, Canada
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de Ridder M, Klop M, Hamming-Vrieze O, de Boer J, Jasperse B, Smit L, Vogel W, van den Brekel M, Al-Mamgani A. Unknown primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the era of fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT and intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Head Neck 2017; 39:1382-1391. [PMID: 28370570 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis and treatment of head and neck carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) have changed with the introduction of fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), with potential implications for outcome. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 80 patients with head and neck CUP who were PET-staged and treated with curative intention using IMRT between 2006 and 2016 in the Netherlands Cancer Institute. Patient, tumor, and treatment demographics were recorded and oncologic outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Local control was 100% in mucosal irradiated patients. Regional control was 90%. Ten patients developed distant metastases, which were associated with N3, extracapsular extension (ECE) and lower neck positive lymph nodes. Overall survival (OS) at 5 years was 62% and disease-specific survival was 78%. ECE, N3 neck, multiple levels of positive lymph nodes, and positive lymph nodes in the lower neck were associated with worse prognosis. CONCLUSION Locoregional outcome of head and neck CUP managed with modern techniques is good. Future research needs to focus on reducing toxicity and patients prone for distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mischa de Ridder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Klop
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olga Hamming-Vrieze
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - JanPaul de Boer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas Jasperse
- Department of Radiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Smit
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Vogel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel van den Brekel
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abrahim Al-Mamgani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Geltzeiler M, Doerfler S, Turner M, Albergotti WG, Kubik M, Kim S, Ferris R, Duvvuri U. Transoral robotic surgery for management of cervical unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma: Updates on efficacy, surgical technique and margin status. Oral Oncol 2017; 66:9-13. [PMID: 28249654 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Management of cervical unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma (CUP) has evolved with the introduction of transoral robotic surgery (TORS). OBJECTIVES 1. To describe the efficacy of TORS lingual and palatine tonsillectomy in identifying the primary site of malignancy. 2. To explore how the extent of surgery affects diagnostic yield. 3. To report margin status of TORS resections. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective, single-center cohort study utilizing a prospectively collected database of CUP patients in a high-volume tertiary referral center. Patient underwent operative laryngoscopy plus TORS as clinically indicated. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary end point was successful identification of the primary. The extent of surgery and margin status were also examined. RESULTS From 2010-2016, 64 patients with CUP were treated. The primary tumor was found in 51 patients (80%). Fourteen patients (22%) were identified with operative laryngoscopy alone. Fifty patients underwent TORS lingual tonsillectomy ± palatine tonsillectomy with 37 primary tumors identified (74%). The primary was located in the lingual tonsil in 32 patients (86%) and palatine tonsil in 5 patients (10%, p<0.001). Negative margins were achieved in 19 patients (51%). The deep margin was the most commonly positive margin (47%, p=0.049). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Operative laryngoscopy with TORS is efficacious, localizing the primary in 80% of patients. If a margin was positive, it was most commonly the deep margin. This study provides valuable information that can help standardize surgical technique, further increasing the diagnostic yield and decreasing the negative margin rate of TORS for CUP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Geltzeiler
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sean Doerfler
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Meghan Turner
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - William Greer Albergotti
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mark Kubik
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Seungwon Kim
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert Ferris
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Umamaheswar Duvvuri
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Aierken G, Seyiti A, Alifu M, Kuerban G. Knockdown of Tripartite-59 (TRIM59) Inhibits Cellular Proliferation and Migration in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. Oncol Res 2016; 25:381-388. [PMID: 27662486 PMCID: PMC7841184 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14741511303522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) family of proteins is a class of highly conservative proteins that have been implicated in multiple processes. TRIM59, one member of the TRIM family, has now received recognition as a key regulator in the development and progression of human diseases. However, its role in human tumorigenesis has remained largely unknown. In this study, the effects of TRIM59 expression on cell proliferation and migration were investigated in human cervical cancer cells. The expression of TRIM59 in clinical cervical cancer tissues and cervical cancer cells was initially determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Specific shRNA against TRIM59 was then employed to knock down the expression of TRIM59 in cervical cancer lines HeLa and SiHa. The effects of TRIM59 knockdown on cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay and colony formation assay. Transwell assay was conducted to reveal cell migration and invasion abilities before and after TRIM59 knockdown. Our results showed that the expression of TRIM59 was significantly elevated in cervical cancers. Knockdown of TRIM59 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation as well as cell migration and invasion abilities in cervical cancer HeLa and SiHa cells. Cell cycle progression analysis showed that TRIM59-depleted cells preferred to accumulate in the S phase. These data suggest that TRIM59 is a potential target that promotes the progression of cervical cancer.
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70
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Fundakowski CE, Lango M. Considerations in surgical versus non-surgical management of HPV positive oropharyngeal cancer. CANCERS OF THE HEAD & NECK 2016; 1:6. [PMID: 31093336 PMCID: PMC6457136 DOI: 10.1186/s41199-016-0007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Given the marked difference in clinical presentation and treatment response based on human papilloma virus (HPV) status, HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is now viewed as a distinct biologic and clinical entity. HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has increased by nearly 7.5 % per year, from approximately 16 % in the early 1980′s to nearly 70 % today, and is believed will continue to increase dramatically in the coming years. Currently, a myriad of treatment options exist for these patients as many active clinical trials are underway which aim to identify the most appropriate interventions for this unique group of patients. This review aims to provide considerations between surgical and non-surgical management for HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miriam Lango
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA
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71
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Total Mucosal Irradiation with Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy in Patients with Head and Neck Carcinoma of Unknown Primary: A Pooled Analysis of Two Prospective Studies. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2016; 28:e77-e84. [PMID: 27180092 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the clinical outcomes of an intensity-modulated radiotherapy technique for total mucosal irradiation (TM-IMRT) in patients with head and neck carcinoma of unknown primary (HNCUP). MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-centre prospective phase II trial design was used in two sequential studies to evaluate TM-IMRT for HNCUP. Patients were investigated for primary tumour site using examination under anaesthetic and biopsies, computed tomography ± magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT). Patients received IMRT to the potential primary tumour sites and elective cervical nodes. Concomitant chemotherapy was used in patients who received primary radiotherapy or those with nodal extracapsular extension. RESULTS Thirty-six patients with HNCUP were recruited; 72% male. Twenty-five patients (69.4%) had p16-positive disease. Two year mucosal and local nodal control rates were 97.1% (95% confidence interval 91.4-100) and 89.8% (78.4-100), respectively. One mucosal primary was detected 7.3 months after TM-IMRT and three patients died from recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Twelve patients (33%) developed grade 3 (Late Effects in Normal Tissue-Subjective, Objective, Management and Analytical; LENT-SOMA) dysphagia with a 1 year enteric tube feeding rate of 2.7%. The high-grade subjective xerostomia rate (LENT-SOMA) at 24 months after IMRT was 15%. CONCLUSIONS At a median follow-up of 36.1 months, the use of TM-IMRT was associated with good local control. Toxicity was comparable with previously reported TM-IMRT regimens encompassing similar mucosal volumes.
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Li Z, Wang H, Wang Z, Cai H. MiR-195 inhibits the proliferation of human cervical cancer cells by directly targeting cyclin D1. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6457-63. [PMID: 26631043 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are important regulators of multiple cellular processes, and aberrant miRNA expression has been observed in human cervical cancer (CC). The present study was to evaluate the level of miR-195 and cyclin D1 in CC tissues and cells. We further investigated the molecular mechanisms of miR-195 and cyclin D1 in CC cell lines HeLa and SiHa. Here, we found that miR-195 expression was down-regulated in CC tissues, and HeLa and SiHa cells (all p < 0.001). By contrast, cyclin D1 was up-regulated. Furthermore, the expression of miR-195 was inversely proportional to that of cyclin D1 mRNA or protein (p = 0.013, p = 0.015, respectively). In vitro studies demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-195 played a suppressor role in the proliferation of HeLa and SiHa cells and promoted cell apoptosis. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-195 binding to the 3'-UTR regions of cyclin D1 inhibited the expression of cyclin D1 in HeLa and SiHa cells. However, the inhibitor of miR-195 promoted the expression of cyclin D1 and cell proliferation. In conclusion, our data suggest that miR-195 may have the potential role in treatment of CC patients, as well as miR-195 is a novel regulator of invasiveness and tumorigenicity in CC cells by targeting cyclin D1. MiR-195/cyclin D1 pathway may be a useful therapeutic agent in CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangyang First People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, 441100, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Rischin
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert L Ferris
- University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Quynh-Thu Le
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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