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Zhao Y, Sun X, Hu D, Prosdocimo DA, Hoppel C, Jain MK, Ramachandran R, Qi X. ATAD3A oligomerization causes neurodegeneration by coupling mitochondrial fragmentation and bioenergetics defects. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1371. [PMID: 30914652 PMCID: PMC6435701 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09291-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fragmentation and bioenergetic failure manifest in Huntington’s disease (HD), a fatal neurodegenerative disease. The factors that couple mitochondrial fusion/fission with bioenergetics and their impacts on neurodegeneration however remain poorly understood. Our proteomic analysis identifies mitochondrial protein ATAD3A as an interactor of mitochondrial fission GTPase, Drp1, in HD. Here we show that, in HD, ATAD3A dimerization due to deacetylation at K135 residue is required for Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation. Disturbance of ATAD3A steady state impairs mtDNA maintenance by disrupting TFAM/mtDNA binding. Blocking Drp1/ATAD3A interaction with a peptide, DA1, abolishes ATAD3A oligomerization, suppresses mitochondrial fragmentation and mtDNA lesion, and reduces bioenergetic deficits and cell death in HD mouse- and patient-derived cells. DA1 treatment reduces behavioral and neuropathological phenotypes in HD transgenic mice. Our findings demonstrate that ATAD3A plays a key role in neurodegeneration by linking Drp1-induced mitochondrial fragmentation to defective mtDNA maintenance, suggesting that DA1 might be useful for developing HD therapeutics. Huntington’s disease leads to mitochondrial fragmentation and bioenergetic failure, although how the two events are connected is poorly understood. Here, Zhao et al. identify ATAD3A as a molecular linker and show that a peptide inhibitor of ATAD3A oligomerization suppresses HD phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Domenick A Prosdocimo
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Charles Hoppel
- Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute and Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Rajesh Ramachandran
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Center for Mitochondrial Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Shan A, Li M, Li X, Li Y, Yan M, Xian P, Chang Y, Chen X, Tang NJ. BDE-47 Decreases Progesterone Levels in BeWo Cells by Interfering with Mitochondrial Functions and Genes Related to Cholesterol Transport. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:621-628. [PMID: 30714368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been reported to exert reproductive endocrine toxicity, but the mechanisms for this process remain unclear. Currently available studies have concentrated on the enzymatic reactions during steroidogenesis, but the results are not consistent. In this study, we explored the effects of 2,2',4,4'-tertrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on progesterone biosynthesis and the potential mechanisms in human placental choriocarcinoma cells. The results showed that BDE-47 decreased progesterone production in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on key enzymes (Cyp11a1 and 3β-HSD). BDE-47 exposure depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential and downregulated adenosine triphosphate levels. The gene expression levels of Mfn2, Tspo, Atad3, Vdac1, Fis1, and Drp1, which are involved in mitochondrial dynamics and cholesterol transport, were disturbed. The demethylation of some CpG loci of mitochondrial biomarkers (Drp1, Opa1, Vdac2, and Atad3) was induced in the 1 μM BDE-47 exposure group, but no methylation change was observed with 50 μM treatment. Our findings unveiled that the reduction of progesterone synthesis induced by BDE-47 might be associated with cholesterol transportation, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial functions. These findings provide substantial data on the reproductive endocrine toxicity of PBDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Shan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Mengxue Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Yaoyan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Mengfan Yan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Ping Xian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnoses , Tianjin Center Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tianjin 300000 , China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
| | - Nai-Jun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300070 , China
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Hernando-Rodríguez B, Artal-Sanz M. Mitochondrial Quality Control Mechanisms and the PHB (Prohibitin) Complex. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120238. [PMID: 30501123 PMCID: PMC6315423 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial functions are essential for life, critical for development, maintenance of stem cells, adaptation to physiological changes, responses to stress, and aging. The complexity of mitochondrial biogenesis requires coordinated nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression, owing to the need of stoichiometrically assemble the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system for ATP production. It requires, in addition, the import of a large number of proteins from the cytosol to keep optimal mitochondrial function and metabolism. Moreover, mitochondria require lipid supply for membrane biogenesis, while it is itself essential for the synthesis of membrane lipids. To achieve mitochondrial homeostasis, multiple mechanisms of quality control have evolved to ensure that mitochondrial function meets cell, tissue, and organismal demands. Herein, we give an overview of mitochondrial mechanisms that are activated in response to stress, including mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). We then discuss the role of these stress responses in aging, with particular focus on Caenorhabditis elegans. Finally, we review observations that point to the mitochondrial prohibitin (PHB) complex as a key player in mitochondrial homeostasis, being essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation, and responding to mitochondrial stress. Understanding how mitochondria responds to stress and how such responses are regulated is pivotal to combat aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Hernando-Rodríguez
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Marta Artal-Sanz
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
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Nicholls TJ, Gustafsson CM. Separating and Segregating the Human Mitochondrial Genome. Trends Biochem Sci 2018; 43:869-881. [PMID: 30224181 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cells contain thousands of copies of the mitochondrial genome. These genomes are distributed within the tubular mitochondrial network, which is itself spread across the cytosol of the cell. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication occurs throughout the cell cycle and ensures that cells maintain a sufficient number of mtDNA copies. At replication termination the genomes must be resolved and segregated within the mitochondrial network. Defects in mtDNA replication and segregation are a cause of human mitochondrial disease associated with failure of cellular energy production. This review focuses upon recent developments on how mitochondrial genomes are physically separated at the end of DNA replication, and how these genomes are subsequently segregated and distributed around the mitochondrial network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Nicholls
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 440, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Claes M Gustafsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 440, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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First person – Susana Peralta. J Cell Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.221812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Susana Peralta is the first author on ‘ATAD3 controls mitochondrial cristae structure in mouse muscle, influencing mtDNA replication and cholesterol levels’, published in Journal of Cell Science. Susana is a Senior Research Associate in the lab of Carlos T. Moraes at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA, investigating mitochondrial biology and mitochondrial diseases.
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