Coherently-controlled two-dimensional photon echo electronic spectroscopy

Instantaneous mapping of coherently coupled electronic transitions and energy transfers in a photosynthetic complex using angle-resolved coherent optical wave-mixing

Understanding the role of coherent electronic motion is expected to resolve general questions of importance in macromolecular energy transfer. We demonstrate a novel nonlinear optical method, angle-resolved coherent wave mixing, that separates out coherently coupled electronic transitions and energy transfers in an instantaneous two-dimensional mapping. Angular resolution of the signal is achieved by using millimeter laser beam waists at the sample and by signal relay to the far field; for this we use a high energy, ultrabroadband hollow fiber laser source. We reveal quantum electronic beating with a time-ordered selection of transition energies in a photosynthetic complex.